Milk and cream, n.e.c.

Milk and cream, n.e.c.: This PCR applies only to animal-milk or cream products that pass the CPC 3.0 hierarchy gate 222 > 2222 > 22229: the product is milk or cream, is…

Lifecycle status: Candidate
Content maturity: Authored methodology
Current version: No published version
Readiness: Review required
Last updated: 2026-09-02

Methodology and translation states come from the source record; publishing this website does not change their review status.

Content languages

zh-CN · Aligned

Status, classification and source details

Readiness

Warnings methodology_not_reviewed Authored methodology is candidate guidance and still requires methodology review.

Classification mapping

CPC 3.0:22229 · exact

Source

library/pcrs/food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products/dairy-products-and-egg-products/milk-and-cream-n-e-csha256:0953d1a7a4dd…

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR applies only to animal-milk or cream products that pass the CPC 3.0 hierarchy gate 222 > 2222 > 22229: the product is milk or cream, is concentrated or contains added sugar or other sweetening matter, remains other than in solid form, and is not classified as evaporated milk (22221) or condensed milk (22222). The exact commercial product, composition, concentration or sweetening route, physical state, heat treatment, packaging, and facility-gate condition must be declared.

Apply the following gate in order. A failure or unresolved answer means that this PCR must not be selected automatically.

gate_id	Question	Pass condition	Failure action	source_ids
`scope_gate_1_dairy_identity`	Is the product animal milk, cream, or a milk product using dairy terms consistently?	Product identity and ingredient records support milk or cream under CXS 206-1999.	Exclude non-dairy beverages, analogues, and products whose dairy identity is unresolved.	`codex-cxs-206-1999`
`scope_gate_2_cpc_parent`	Does the product fit CPC 3.0 class 2222?	It is concentrated or contains added sugar or another sweetening matter and is other than in solid form.	Route processed liquid milk, fresh cream, whey, or another category to its own PCR.	`unsd-cpc-22229`
`scope_gate_3_named_siblings`	Is it outside the named subclasses 22221 and 22222?	It is neither evaporated milk nor condensed milk under the declared classification decision.	Use the evaporated-milk or condensed-milk PCR.	`unsd-cpc-22229`
`scope_gate_4_non_solid`	Does the released product remain non-solid?	Released form is liquid, viscous, or paste-like rather than milk powder or cream powder.	Exclude solid forms; CXS 207-1999 is used only to identify the powder boundary, not to set a CPC 22229 recipe.	`unsd-cpc-22229`; `codex-cxs-207-1999`
`scope_gate_5_nec_review`	Is the residual n.e.c. placement documented?	Product name, composition, route, physical state, and reason it is not 22221 or 22222 are recorded and manually reviewed.	Hold as `manual_review`; n.e.c. is not a shortcut for an unknown product.	`unsd-cpc-22229`

Products outside the gate include raw milk; ordinary processed liquid milk; fresh cream; whey; all milk and cream powders; evaporated milk; condensed milk; fermented or acidified milk and cream; butter and other milk fats; cheese; casein; ice cream; plant-based beverages; and dairy analogues. Farming, raw-milk production, manufacture of purchased ingredients, energy, packaging and chemicals, inbound transport, distribution after the factory gate, retail, use, and end-of-life are linked upstream or downstream datasets when included in the study, not duplicated in this foreground package.

Tiangong flow Milk 84a8c346-2832-400b-a2a6-421ef7701958 is only a representative product-flow identity for the milk subset of CPC 22229. It cannot represent cream or the whole n.e.c. subclass. If the actual product is cream, or otherwise does not semantically match Milk/牛奶, replace the flow with an exact product flow and complete manual identity review before modelling or publication.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.dairy-products-and-egg-products.milk-and-cream-n-e-c
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 22229, Milk and cream, n.e.c., exact; interpreted only through parent class 2222 and sibling exclusions 22221/22222
covered_products	Animal-milk or cream products that are concentrated or contain added sugar or other sweetening matter, remain other than in solid form, are not evaporated milk or condensed milk, and have a documented residual CPC 22229 classification decision
excluded_products	Raw or ordinary processed liquid milk; fresh cream; whey; milk or cream powders; evaporated milk; condensed milk; fermented or acidified products; butter or other milk fats; cheese; casein; ice cream; plant-based products; products with unresolved n.e.c. placement
representative_product	A qualifying non-solid concentrated or sweetened milk product at the dairy factory gate; the Tiangong Milk flow represents only a product that is actually milk
production_route	Dairy-base reception and identity check; conditional standardization, blending, concentration or sweetening; heat treatment and cooling as applicable; filling or bulk dispatch; factory-gate storage; cleaning and wastewater management
market_state	Declared bulk or packaged non-solid milk or cream product at the dairy factory gate, with required refrigerated or ambient-stable condition stated from actual release records

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Supply of the specifically declared CPC 22229 milk or cream product at the dairy factory gate
How much	1 kg net released product, excluding packaging mass
How well	Passes all five scope gates and meets the declared composition, concentration or sweetening basis, physical state, heat treatment, packaging, and release specification
How long or cycle	One declared production lot or representative production period at factory-gate release; shelf life and storage condition are qualifiers, not additional product quantity
reference_flow_link	`cpc_22229_product_at_factory_gate`

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Milk `84a8c346-2832-400b-a2a6-421ef7701958` — representative only when the actual qualifying CPC 22229 product is milk; replace for cream or any non-matching product and require manual review
Reference flow property	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`
Reference unit group	Units of mass `93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66`
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	commercial product name; milk versus cream identity; animal species and dairy-base origin; CPC parent-path and sibling-exclusion decision; concentration method and concentration basis; added sugar or other sweetener identity and content when applicable; released physical state; fat, protein, total-solids or dry-matter basis used by the product specification; heat-treatment route; homogenization status; ingredient formulation; bulk or packaging configuration; net mass; facility geography; reference period; factory-gate temperature or storage condition; shelf life; actual product-flow UUID; representative-flow fit decision and manual reviewer when replacement is required

Every required qualifier must be present in metadata, product description, process notes, reference-flow comment, or an equivalent foreground-package field. The given Milk UUID does not satisfy the product-flow requirement for cream or another non-matching n.e.c. product.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
`reference_net_mass`	released reference product	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`	kg	Report net released product mass only. Record packaging separately and exclude it from the 1 kg reference amount.
`volume_to_mass`	milk, cream, liquid ingredients, water, and liquid wastes	Mass or volume with measured density	kg or m3	Convert volume to mass only with density measured or verified for the actual material, composition, temperature, and period; retain original volume, density, temperature, and calculation.
`composition_and_concentration`	dairy inputs, intermediate products, final product, and dairy co-products	mass fraction on a declared wet- or dry-matter basis	kg/kg or % by mass	Measure or obtain verified lot-specific values for the composition fields used in identity, mass balance, concentration control, or allocation. Do not infer composition from the generic Milk flow name.
`sweetener_basis`	added sugars and other sweetening matter	Mass	kg	Record each sweetener separately from purchase, dosing, or batch records and state whether its content is reported as ingredient mass, solids, or another verified analytical basis.
`energy_carrier_separation`	electricity, fuels, steam, hot water, and cooling	Energy	kWh, MJ, or another declared unit	Preserve each carrier as a separate exchange and retain conversion factors. Do not combine electricity and thermal energy before linking background datasets.
`water_and_wastewater`	process water, cleaning water, recovered water, and wastewater	Volume	m3 or L	Keep source, use, recovery, and discharge measurement points distinct. Use 1 m3 = 1,000 L and do not infer wastewater quantity from product mass without collected records.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Accepted dairy base and other formulation ingredients at the manufacturing facility, with identity, supplier, quantity, composition, temperature where relevant, acceptance status, and upstream-dataset reference declared
starting_condition_role	Foreground collection begins at facility receipt; agricultural production and manufacture of purchased inputs remain upstream datasets
product_classification_scope	Only products passing the ordered CPC 22229 gate in Section 1; category selection is independent of the representative Milk flow
recursive_input_rule	A same-category transferred product or rework is a distinct technosphere input with origin, quantity, composition, and supplying dataset; terminate recursion at that dataset and prevent duplication of its prior production
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link every dairy base, sweetener, other ingredient, energy carrier, water supply, cleaning agent, refrigerant, packaging material, transport service, and off-site treatment to a representative upstream dataset when in study scope
disclosure	Declare the five gate results, product-flow fit or replacement review, facility, period, product route, included and outsourced steps, composition basis, storage condition, allocation method, co-products, losses, treatment destinations, data gaps, and all exclusions

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`boundary_scope_gate`	product category selection	Include a product only after all five CPC 22229 scope gates pass. An unresolved n.e.c. decision or non-matching representative flow requires manual review and cannot be treated as automatic coverage.	`unsd-cpc-22229`; `codex-cxs-206-1999`; `codex-cxs-207-1999`
`boundary_factory_gate_operations`	foreground dairy manufacture	Include receipt and storage, applicable standardization and blending, the qualifying concentration or sweetening operation, heat treatment and cooling when used, filling or bulk dispatch, on-site storage, cleaning, product losses, wastes, wastewater, and applicable direct emissions through factory-gate release.	`eu-fdm-bref-2019`
`boundary_upstream_links`	purchased inputs and services	Keep agricultural production and manufacture of ingredients, utilities, chemicals, packaging, and refrigerants outside the foreground operation, but connect them through explicit upstream datasets for cradle-to-gate or broader studies.	`eu-pef-2021-2279`
`boundary_downstream_separation`	downstream lifecycle stages	Distribution after the factory gate, retail, use, food loss, packaging end-of-life, and product end-of-life are separate downstream modules and must not be folded into the factory-gate foreground result.	`eu-pef-2021-2279`
`boundary_no_missing_as_zero`	all foreground activity data	Collect applicable materials, energy, water, chemicals, refrigerants, packaging, co-products, losses, wastewater, wastes, and direct emissions. A missing record is a data gap, not a zero flow; zero requires evidence that the activity or exchange did not occur.	`eu-pef-2021-2279`; `eu-fdm-bref-2019`

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
`receipt_and_preparation`	Dairy-base receipt, identity control, standardization, and formulation	`required`	Always include receipt and identity control; include separation, standardization, blending, reconstitution, or formulation when performed	Establishes eligible product inputs and prepared mix	Per measured kg of prepared dairy mix transferred onward
`qualifying_treatment`	Concentration or sweetening, heat treatment, and cooling	`required`	Include the actual concentration or added-sweetener route that qualifies the product for CPC class 2222; include heat treatment and cooling when performed	Produces the declared non-solid CPC 22229 intermediate	Per measured kg of treated intermediate
`filling_and_storage`	Filling or bulk dispatch and factory-gate storage	`required`	Always; packaging input is zero only for documented bulk dispatch	Produces released reference product	Per 1 kg net released product
`sanitation_and_effluent`	Cleaning, sanitation, and wastewater management	`required`	Include all attributable CIP, line cleaning, sanitation, wastewater collection, and on-site treatment	Cross-cutting foreground support	Per 1 kg net released product after direct assignment or allocation

Process: Dairy-base receipt, identity control, standardization, and formulation (`receipt_and_preparation`)

Inputs

Product flows

Raw cow milk input (`raw_cow_milk_input`)

Raw cow milk is recorded as one accepted dairy input when it crosses the receipt boundary; supplier identity, animal species where relevant, composition, lot, and net accepted mass are retained.

Selected flow: Raw cow milk
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured accepted mass after rejection and inventory change for this dairy input
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material_identity_and_mass
Sources: codex-cxs-206-1999; unsd-cpc-22229

Raw buffalo milk input (`raw_buffalo_milk_input`)

Raw buffalo milk is recorded as one accepted dairy input when it crosses the receipt boundary; supplier identity, animal species where relevant, composition, lot, and net accepted mass are retained.

Selected flow: Raw buffalo milk
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured accepted mass after rejection and inventory change for this dairy input
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material_identity_and_mass
Sources: codex-cxs-206-1999; unsd-cpc-22229

Raw goat milk input (`raw_goat_milk_input`)

Raw goat milk is recorded as one accepted dairy input when it crosses the receipt boundary; supplier identity, animal species where relevant, composition, lot, and net accepted mass are retained.

Selected flow: Raw goat milk
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured accepted mass after rejection and inventory change for this dairy input
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material_identity_and_mass
Sources: codex-cxs-206-1999; unsd-cpc-22229

Raw sheep milk input (`raw_sheep_milk_input`)

Raw sheep milk is recorded as one accepted dairy input when it crosses the receipt boundary; supplier identity, animal species where relevant, composition, lot, and net accepted mass are retained.

Selected flow: Raw sheep milk
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured accepted mass after rejection and inventory change for this dairy input
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material_identity_and_mass
Sources: codex-cxs-206-1999; unsd-cpc-22229

Raw camel milk input (`raw_camel_milk_input`)

Raw camel milk is recorded as one accepted dairy input when it crosses the receipt boundary; supplier identity, animal species where relevant, composition, lot, and net accepted mass are retained.

Selected flow: Raw camel milk
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured accepted mass after rejection and inventory change for this dairy input
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material_identity_and_mass
Sources: codex-cxs-206-1999; unsd-cpc-22229

Cow-milk cream input (`cow_milk_cream_input`)

Cow-milk cream is recorded as one accepted dairy input when it crosses the receipt boundary; supplier identity, animal species where relevant, composition, lot, and net accepted mass are retained.

Selected flow: Cow-milk cream
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured accepted mass after rejection and inventory change for this dairy input
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material_identity_and_mass
Sources: codex-cxs-206-1999; unsd-cpc-22229

Skim milk input (`skim_milk_input`)

Skim milk is recorded as one accepted dairy input when it crosses the receipt boundary; supplier identity, animal species where relevant, composition, lot, and net accepted mass are retained.

Selected flow: Skim milk
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured accepted mass after rejection and inventory change for this dairy input
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material_identity_and_mass
Sources: codex-cxs-206-1999; unsd-cpc-22229

Concentrated milk input (`concentrated_milk_input`)

Concentrated milk is recorded as one accepted dairy input when it crosses the receipt boundary; supplier identity, animal species where relevant, composition, lot, and net accepted mass are retained.

Selected flow: Concentrated milk
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured accepted mass after rejection and inventory change for this dairy input
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material_identity_and_mass
Sources: codex-cxs-206-1999; unsd-cpc-22229

Concentrated cream input (`concentrated_cream_input`)

Concentrated cream is recorded as one accepted dairy input when it crosses the receipt boundary; supplier identity, animal species where relevant, composition, lot, and net accepted mass are retained.

Selected flow: Concentrated cream
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured accepted mass after rejection and inventory change for this dairy input
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material_identity_and_mass
Sources: codex-cxs-206-1999; unsd-cpc-22229

Sucrose input (`sucrose_input`)

Sucrose is recorded as one formulation or process-aid input when it is dosed into the represented production lot.

Selected flow: Sucrose
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured issued mass net of documented returns, or batch dose calculated from the verified formulation and produced mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_formulation_records
Sources: unsd-cpc-22229

Glucose syrup input (`glucose_syrup_input`)

Glucose syrup is recorded as one formulation or process-aid input when it is dosed into the represented production lot.

Selected flow: Glucose syrup
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured issued mass net of documented returns, or batch dose calculated from the verified formulation and produced mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_formulation_records
Sources: unsd-cpc-22229

Fructose input (`fructose_input`)

Fructose is recorded as one formulation or process-aid input when it is dosed into the represented production lot.

Selected flow: Fructose
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured issued mass net of documented returns, or batch dose calculated from the verified formulation and produced mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_formulation_records
Sources: unsd-cpc-22229

Lactose input (`lactose_input`)

Lactose is recorded as one formulation or process-aid input when it is dosed into the represented production lot.

Selected flow: Lactose
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured issued mass net of documented returns, or batch dose calculated from the verified formulation and produced mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_formulation_records
Sources: unsd-cpc-22229

Sodium citrate input (`sodium_citrate_input`)

Sodium citrate is recorded as one formulation or process-aid input when it is dosed into the represented production lot.

Selected flow: Sodium citrate
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured issued mass net of documented returns, or batch dose calculated from the verified formulation and produced mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_formulation_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Polydimethylsiloxane antifoam input (`pdms_antifoam_input`)

Polydimethylsiloxane antifoam is recorded as one formulation or process-aid input when it is dosed into the represented production lot.

Selected flow: Polydimethylsiloxane antifoam
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured issued mass net of documented returns, or batch dose calculated from the verified formulation and produced mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_formulation_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation mains water (`preparation_mains_water`)

Potable mains water supplied across the facility boundary for receipt and preparation is recorded separately from direct environmental withdrawals and recovered water.

Selected flow: Potable mains water
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: metered mains-water volume directly assigned to receipt and preparation
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation grid electricity (`preparation_grid_electricity`)

Electricity, medium voltage, grid mix consumed by receipt and preparation is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, grid mix
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: metered electricity consumption directly assigned to receipt and preparation; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation purchased steam (`preparation_purchased_steam`)

Purchased steam consumed by receipt and preparation is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Purchased steam
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: metered delivered steam energy, or energy calculated from measured steam mass and retained supply conditions directly assigned to receipt and preparation; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation purchased hot water (`preparation_purchased_hot_water`)

Purchased hot water consumed by receipt and preparation is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Purchased hot water
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: metered delivered hot-water energy, or energy calculated from measured flow and retained supply and return temperatures directly assigned to receipt and preparation; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation natural gas (`preparation_natural_gas`)

Natural gas consumed by receipt and preparation is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Natural gas
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: metered energy, or measured gas quantity converted with a documented supplier heating value directly assigned to receipt and preparation; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation diesel fuel (`preparation_diesel`)

Diesel fuel consumed by receipt and preparation is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Diesel fuel
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: measured fuel quantity converted with a documented supplier heating value directly assigned to receipt and preparation; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation liquefied petroleum gas (`preparation_lpg`)

Liquefied petroleum gas consumed by receipt and preparation is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Liquefied petroleum gas
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: measured fuel quantity converted with a documented supplier heating value directly assigned to receipt and preparation; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation R-717 refrigerant make-up (`preparation_r717_makeup`)

Ammonia refrigerant (R-717) charged as make-up to refrigeration equipment serving receipt and preparation is recorded as one product input.

Selected flow: Ammonia refrigerant (R-717)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured recharge mass from refrigerant service and inventory records; total system charge is not used as make-up
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation HFC-134a refrigerant make-up (`preparation_hfc134a_makeup`)

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane refrigerant (HFC-134a) charged as make-up to refrigeration equipment serving receipt and preparation is recorded as one product input.

Selected flow: 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane refrigerant (HFC-134a)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured recharge mass from refrigerant service and inventory records; total system charge is not used as make-up
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation R-404A refrigerant make-up (`preparation_r404a_makeup`)

R-404A refrigerant charged as make-up to refrigeration equipment serving receipt and preparation is recorded as one product input.

Selected flow: R-404A refrigerant
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured recharge mass from refrigerant service and inventory records; total system charge is not used as make-up
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Direct groundwater withdrawal (`preparation_groundwater`)

Water, ground withdrawn directly from the environment for receipt and preparation is one elementary input and is not duplicated as mains-water supply.

Selected flow: Water, ground
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: metered direct withdrawal assigned to receipt and preparation
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Direct surface-water withdrawal (`preparation_surface_water`)

Water, surface withdrawn directly from the environment for receipt and preparation is one elementary input and is not duplicated as mains-water supply.

Selected flow: Water, surface
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: metered direct withdrawal assigned to receipt and preparation
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared dairy mix (`prepared_mix_output`)

Prepared dairy mix is the single internal product transferred from receipt and preparation to qualifying treatment.

Selected flow: Prepared dairy mix
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured transfer mass reconciled with dairy inputs, ingredients, retained inventory, co-products, and recorded losses
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279

Cream co-product (`cream_coproduct_output`)

Cream leaving standardization as a marketable co-product is recorded as one positive product output.

Selected flow: Cream
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured output mass with composition and destination retained for the same production period
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279

Skim-milk co-product (`skim_milk_coproduct_output`)

Skim milk leaving standardization as a marketable co-product is recorded as one positive product output.

Selected flow: Skim milk
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured output mass with composition and destination retained for the same production period
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279

Waste flows

Rejected raw milk (`rejected_raw_milk_waste`)

Rejected raw milk leaving receipt or preparation is recorded as one waste exchange with its measured destination retained.

Selected flow: Rejected raw milk
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured waste mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Rejected dairy cream (`rejected_cream_waste`)

Rejected dairy cream leaving receipt or preparation is recorded as one waste exchange with its measured destination retained.

Selected flow: Rejected dairy cream
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured waste mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Dairy formulation spill (`preparation_dairy_spill_waste`)

Dairy formulation spill leaving receipt or preparation is recorded as one waste exchange with its measured destination retained.

Selected flow: Dairy formulation spill
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured waste mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Elementary flows

Preparation fossil carbon dioxide to air (`preparation_fossil_co2_air`)

Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air from on-site combustion serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation methane to air (`preparation_methane_air`)

Methane to air from on-site combustion serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Methane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation dinitrogen monoxide to air (`preparation_nitrous_oxide_air`)

Dinitrogen monoxide to air from on-site combustion serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Dinitrogen monoxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation nitrogen monoxide to air (`preparation_nitrogen_monoxide_air`)

Nitrogen monoxide to air from on-site combustion serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Nitrogen monoxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation nitrogen dioxide to air (`preparation_nitrogen_dioxide_air`)

Nitrogen dioxide to air from on-site combustion serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Nitrogen dioxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation carbon monoxide to air (`preparation_carbon_monoxide_air`)

Carbon monoxide to air from on-site combustion serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Carbon monoxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation sulfur dioxide to air (`preparation_sulfur_dioxide_air`)

Sulfur dioxide to air from on-site combustion serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Sulfur dioxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation ammonia refrigerant to air (`preparation_ammonia_air`)

Ammonia to air released from refrigeration equipment serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Ammonia to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation HFC-134a to air (`preparation_hfc134a_air`)

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane to air released from refrigeration equipment serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation HFC-125 to air (`preparation_hfc125_air`)

Pentafluoroethane to air released from refrigeration equipment serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Pentafluoroethane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Preparation HFC-143a to air (`preparation_hfc143a_air`)

1,1,1-Trifluoroethane to air released from refrigeration equipment serving receipt and preparation is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of prepared dairy mix
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Process: Concentration or sweetening, heat treatment, and cooling (`qualifying_treatment`)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared dairy mix input (`prepared_mix_input`)

Prepared dairy mix entering qualifying treatment is the same single internal product as the preparation-stage output.

Selected flow: Prepared dairy mix
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured transfer mass for the represented lot or period
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279

Treatment mains water (`treatment_mains_water`)

Potable mains water supplied across the facility boundary for qualifying treatment is recorded separately from direct environmental withdrawals and recovered water.

Selected flow: Potable mains water
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: metered mains-water volume directly assigned to qualifying treatment
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment grid electricity (`treatment_grid_electricity`)

Electricity, medium voltage, grid mix consumed by qualifying treatment is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, grid mix
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: metered electricity consumption directly assigned to qualifying treatment; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment purchased steam (`treatment_purchased_steam`)

Purchased steam consumed by qualifying treatment is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Purchased steam
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: metered delivered steam energy, or energy calculated from measured steam mass and retained supply conditions directly assigned to qualifying treatment; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment purchased hot water (`treatment_purchased_hot_water`)

Purchased hot water consumed by qualifying treatment is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Purchased hot water
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: metered delivered hot-water energy, or energy calculated from measured flow and retained supply and return temperatures directly assigned to qualifying treatment; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment natural gas (`treatment_natural_gas`)

Natural gas consumed by qualifying treatment is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Natural gas
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: metered energy, or measured gas quantity converted with a documented supplier heating value directly assigned to qualifying treatment; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment diesel fuel (`treatment_diesel`)

Diesel fuel consumed by qualifying treatment is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Diesel fuel
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: measured fuel quantity converted with a documented supplier heating value directly assigned to qualifying treatment; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment liquefied petroleum gas (`treatment_lpg`)

Liquefied petroleum gas consumed by qualifying treatment is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Liquefied petroleum gas
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: measured fuel quantity converted with a documented supplier heating value directly assigned to qualifying treatment; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment R-717 refrigerant make-up (`treatment_r717_makeup`)

Ammonia refrigerant (R-717) charged as make-up to refrigeration equipment serving qualifying treatment is recorded as one product input.

Selected flow: Ammonia refrigerant (R-717)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured recharge mass from refrigerant service and inventory records; total system charge is not used as make-up
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment HFC-134a refrigerant make-up (`treatment_hfc134a_makeup`)

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane refrigerant (HFC-134a) charged as make-up to refrigeration equipment serving qualifying treatment is recorded as one product input.

Selected flow: 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane refrigerant (HFC-134a)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured recharge mass from refrigerant service and inventory records; total system charge is not used as make-up
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment R-404A refrigerant make-up (`treatment_r404a_makeup`)

R-404A refrigerant charged as make-up to refrigeration equipment serving qualifying treatment is recorded as one product input.

Selected flow: R-404A refrigerant
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured recharge mass from refrigerant service and inventory records; total system charge is not used as make-up
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Treatment groundwater withdrawal (`treatment_groundwater`)

Water, ground withdrawn directly from the environment for qualifying treatment is one elementary input and is not duplicated as mains-water supply.

Selected flow: Water, ground
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: metered direct withdrawal assigned to qualifying treatment
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment surface-water withdrawal (`treatment_surface_water`)

Water, surface withdrawn directly from the environment for qualifying treatment is one elementary input and is not duplicated as mains-water supply.

Selected flow: Water, surface
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: metered direct withdrawal assigned to qualifying treatment
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Outputs

Product flows

Treated non-solid dairy product (`treated_intermediate_output`)

Treated non-solid dairy product is the single internal product leaving the declared concentration or sweetening and heat-treatment route before filling.

Selected flow: Treated non-solid dairy product
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured output mass reconciled with the prepared mix, water removal, retained inventory, co-products, and recorded losses
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Process condensate (`process_condensate_output`)

Process condensate recovered from concentration is one product output when it is reused or leaves the treatment accounting boundary.

Selected flow: Process condensate
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: measured output quantity with quality, destination, and reuse or market status retained
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water_and_wastewater_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Milk permeate co-product (`milk_permeate_output`)

Milk permeate leaving a membrane concentration operation as a usable co-product is recorded as one positive product output.

Selected flow: Milk permeate
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured output quantity with quality, destination, and reuse or market status retained
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Waste flows

Off-specification treated dairy product (`off_spec_treated_product_waste`)

Off-specification treated dairy product diverted from the treatment stage is recorded as one waste exchange.

Selected flow: Off-specification treated dairy product
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured diverted mass assigned once to its recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_mass_and_solids_balance
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Elementary flows

Treatment fossil carbon dioxide to air (`treatment_fossil_co2_air`)

Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air from on-site combustion serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment methane to air (`treatment_methane_air`)

Methane to air from on-site combustion serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Methane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment dinitrogen monoxide to air (`treatment_nitrous_oxide_air`)

Dinitrogen monoxide to air from on-site combustion serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Dinitrogen monoxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment nitrogen monoxide to air (`treatment_nitrogen_monoxide_air`)

Nitrogen monoxide to air from on-site combustion serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Nitrogen monoxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment nitrogen dioxide to air (`treatment_nitrogen_dioxide_air`)

Nitrogen dioxide to air from on-site combustion serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Nitrogen dioxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment carbon monoxide to air (`treatment_carbon_monoxide_air`)

Carbon monoxide to air from on-site combustion serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Carbon monoxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment sulfur dioxide to air (`treatment_sulfur_dioxide_air`)

Sulfur dioxide to air from on-site combustion serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Sulfur dioxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment ammonia refrigerant to air (`treatment_ammonia_air`)

Ammonia to air released from refrigeration equipment serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Ammonia to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment HFC-134a to air (`treatment_hfc134a_air`)

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane to air released from refrigeration equipment serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment HFC-125 to air (`treatment_hfc125_air`)

Pentafluoroethane to air released from refrigeration equipment serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Pentafluoroethane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Treatment HFC-143a to air (`treatment_hfc143a_air`)

1,1,1-Trifluoroethane to air released from refrigeration equipment serving qualifying treatment is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per measured kg of treated intermediate
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Process: Filling or bulk dispatch and factory-gate storage (`filling_and_storage`)

Inputs

Product flows

Treated dairy product input (`treated_product_input`)

Treated non-solid dairy product entering filling or bulk dispatch is the same single internal product as the treatment-stage output.

Selected flow: Treated non-solid dairy product
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured mass transferred to filling or bulk dispatch
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_released_product
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279

PET bottle (`pet_bottle_input`)

Polyethylene terephthalate bottle crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Polyethylene terephthalate bottle
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

HDPE bottle (`hdpe_bottle_input`)

High-density polyethylene bottle crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: High-density polyethylene bottle
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Glass bottle (`glass_bottle_input`)

Glass bottle crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Glass bottle
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Tinplate steel can (`tinplate_can_input`)

Tinplate steel can crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Tinplate steel can
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Paperboard liquid-food carton (`paperboard_carton_input`)

Paperboard liquid-food carton crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Paperboard liquid-food carton
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

LDPE pouch (`ldpe_pouch_input`)

Low-density polyethylene pouch crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Low-density polyethylene pouch
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Polypropylene closure (`pp_closure_input`)

Polypropylene closure crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Polypropylene closure
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Aluminium foil seal (`aluminium_seal_input`)

Aluminium foil seal crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Aluminium foil seal
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Corrugated board box (`corrugated_box_input`)

Corrugated board box crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Corrugated board box
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Wooden pallet (`wooden_pallet_input`)

Wooden pallet crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Wooden pallet
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

LDPE stretch film (`ldpe_stretch_film_input`)

Low-density polyethylene stretch film crossing the facility boundary for the released packaging configuration is recorded as one packaging-component input.

Selected flow: Low-density polyethylene stretch film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured component mass issued less documented returns, reconciled with filled units and the corresponding scrap stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage grid electricity (`filling_storage_grid_electricity`)

Electricity, medium voltage, grid mix consumed by filling and factory-gate storage is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, grid mix
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: metered electricity consumption directly assigned to filling and factory-gate storage; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage purchased steam (`filling_storage_purchased_steam`)

Purchased steam consumed by filling and factory-gate storage is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Purchased steam
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: metered delivered steam energy, or energy calculated from measured steam mass and retained supply conditions directly assigned to filling and factory-gate storage; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage purchased hot water (`filling_storage_purchased_hot_water`)

Purchased hot water consumed by filling and factory-gate storage is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Purchased hot water
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: metered delivered hot-water energy, or energy calculated from measured flow and retained supply and return temperatures directly assigned to filling and factory-gate storage; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage natural gas (`filling_storage_natural_gas`)

Natural gas consumed by filling and factory-gate storage is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Natural gas
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: metered energy, or measured gas quantity converted with a documented supplier heating value directly assigned to filling and factory-gate storage; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage diesel fuel (`filling_storage_diesel`)

Diesel fuel consumed by filling and factory-gate storage is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Diesel fuel
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: measured fuel quantity converted with a documented supplier heating value directly assigned to filling and factory-gate storage; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage liquefied petroleum gas (`filling_storage_lpg`)

Liquefied petroleum gas consumed by filling and factory-gate storage is recorded as one carrier exchange and is kept separate from every other energy input.

Selected flow: Liquefied petroleum gas
Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
Amount rule: measured fuel quantity converted with a documented supplier heating value directly assigned to filling and factory-gate storage; shared totals are allocated once and reconciled
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage R-717 refrigerant make-up (`filling_storage_r717_makeup`)

Ammonia refrigerant (R-717) charged as make-up to refrigeration equipment serving filling and factory-gate storage is recorded as one product input.

Selected flow: Ammonia refrigerant (R-717)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured recharge mass from refrigerant service and inventory records; total system charge is not used as make-up
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage HFC-134a refrigerant make-up (`filling_storage_hfc134a_makeup`)

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane refrigerant (HFC-134a) charged as make-up to refrigeration equipment serving filling and factory-gate storage is recorded as one product input.

Selected flow: 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane refrigerant (HFC-134a)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured recharge mass from refrigerant service and inventory records; total system charge is not used as make-up
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage R-404A refrigerant make-up (`filling_storage_r404a_makeup`)

R-404A refrigerant charged as make-up to refrigeration equipment serving filling and factory-gate storage is recorded as one product input.

Selected flow: R-404A refrigerant
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured recharge mass from refrigerant service and inventory records; total system charge is not used as make-up
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Released CPC 22229 product (`reference_product_output`)

The UUID-bearing Milk flow is retained as the reference only when the released qualifying product is milk. A cream or semantically different product requires a separately reviewed replacement flow before modelling or publication.

Selected flow: Milk 84a8c346-2832-400b-a2a6-421ef7701958
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / kg
Amount rule: exactly 1 kg net released product as the quantitative reference
Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
Collection protocol: cp_released_product
Sources: unsd-cpc-22229; codex-cxs-206-1999

Waste flows

Rejected filled dairy product (`rejected_filled_product_waste`)

Rejected filled dairy product leaving filling is recorded separately from every packaging waste component.

Selected flow: Rejected filled dairy product
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured rejected product mass excluding separately recorded packaging mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

PET packaging waste (`pet_bottle_waste`)

Waste polyethylene terephthalate packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste polyethylene terephthalate packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

HDPE packaging waste (`hdpe_bottle_waste`)

Waste high-density polyethylene packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste high-density polyethylene packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Glass packaging waste (`glass_bottle_waste`)

Waste glass packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste glass packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Tinplate steel packaging waste (`tinplate_can_waste`)

Waste tinplate steel packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste tinplate steel packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Paperboard packaging waste (`paperboard_carton_waste`)

Waste paperboard packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste paperboard packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

LDPE packaging waste (`ldpe_pouch_waste`)

Waste low-density polyethylene packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste low-density polyethylene packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Polypropylene packaging waste (`pp_closure_waste`)

Waste polypropylene packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste polypropylene packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Aluminium packaging waste (`aluminium_seal_waste`)

Waste aluminium packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste aluminium packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Corrugated board packaging waste (`corrugated_box_waste`)

Waste corrugated board packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste corrugated board packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Wooden packaging waste (`wooden_pallet_waste`)

Waste wooden packaging generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste wooden packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

LDPE stretch-film waste (`ldpe_stretch_film_waste`)

Waste low-density polyethylene stretch film generated during filling is recorded as one single-material waste exchange.

Selected flow: Waste low-density polyethylene stretch film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured scrap mass assigned once to the recorded recovery or treatment destination
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Elementary flows

Filling and storage fossil carbon dioxide to air (`filling_storage_fossil_co2_air`)

Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air from on-site combustion serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage methane to air (`filling_storage_methane_air`)

Methane to air from on-site combustion serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Methane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage dinitrogen monoxide to air (`filling_storage_nitrous_oxide_air`)

Dinitrogen monoxide to air from on-site combustion serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Dinitrogen monoxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage nitrogen monoxide to air (`filling_storage_nitrogen_monoxide_air`)

Nitrogen monoxide to air from on-site combustion serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Nitrogen monoxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage nitrogen dioxide to air (`filling_storage_nitrogen_dioxide_air`)

Nitrogen dioxide to air from on-site combustion serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Nitrogen dioxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage carbon monoxide to air (`filling_storage_carbon_monoxide_air`)

Carbon monoxide to air from on-site combustion serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Carbon monoxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage sulfur dioxide to air (`filling_storage_sulfur_dioxide_air`)

Sulfur dioxide to air from on-site combustion serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Sulfur dioxide to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: measured stack mass or substance mass calculated from separately recorded fuel inputs and retained verified factors
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage ammonia refrigerant to air (`filling_storage_ammonia_air`)

Ammonia to air released from refrigeration equipment serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Ammonia to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage HFC-134a to air (`filling_storage_hfc134a_air`)

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane to air released from refrigeration equipment serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage HFC-125 to air (`filling_storage_hfc125_air`)

Pentafluoroethane to air released from refrigeration equipment serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: Pentafluoroethane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage HFC-143a to air (`filling_storage_hfc143a_air`)

1,1,1-Trifluoroethane to air released from refrigeration equipment serving filling and factory-gate storage is reported as one elementary output.

Selected flow: 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: calculated from opening charge, measured additions, closing charge, measured recovery, incident records, and verified blend composition where relevant
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net released product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_direct_emission_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Raw downloads

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pcr.en-US.md148 KB · 0953d1a7a4dd…
manifest.yaml45 KB · 17ba43ece52c…
pcr.zh-CN.md136 KB · cbaf29fd0725…
structured.yaml174 KB · 7bd07b7457d1…

Structured rule index

This index comes from verified structured.yaml and retains the canonical English rule text.

System boundary rules · 5

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`boundary_scope_gate`	product category selection	Include a product only after all five CPC 22229 scope gates pass. An unresolved n.e.c. decision or non-matching representative flow requires manual review and cannot be treated as automatic coverage.	unsd-cpc-22229, codex-cxs-206-1999, codex-cxs-207-1999
`boundary_factory_gate_operations`	foreground dairy manufacture	Include receipt and storage, applicable standardization and blending, the qualifying concentration or sweetening operation, heat treatment and cooling when used, filling or bulk dispatch, on-site storage, cleaning, product losses, wastes, wastewater, and applicable direct emissions through factory-gate release.	eu-fdm-bref-2019
`boundary_upstream_links`	purchased inputs and services	Keep agricultural production and manufacture of ingredients, utilities, chemicals, packaging, and refrigerants outside the foreground operation, but connect them through explicit upstream datasets for cradle-to-gate or broader studies.	eu-pef-2021-2279
`boundary_downstream_separation`	downstream lifecycle stages	Distribution after the factory gate, retail, use, food loss, packaging end-of-life, and product end-of-life are separate downstream modules and must not be folded into the factory-gate foreground result.	eu-pef-2021-2279
`boundary_no_missing_as_zero`	all foreground activity data	Collect applicable materials, energy, water, chemicals, refrigerants, packaging, co-products, losses, wastewater, wastes, and direct emissions. A missing record is a data gap, not a zero flow; zero requires evidence that the activity or exchange did not occur.	eu-pef-2021-2279, eu-fdm-bref-2019

Allocation rules · 5

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`allocation_avoid_first`	all multi-output and shared operations	First avoid allocation through subdivision, separate metering, batch records, or expansion of the process description; directly assign product-specific ingredients, packaging, energy, losses, and treatment records.	eu-pef-2021-2279
`allocation_physical_then_economic`	inseparable co-products and remaining shared burdens	When subdivision cannot resolve a shared burden, use a documented physical relationship reflecting the underlying process causality. If no defensible physical relationship exists, use a documented economic relationship and perform a sensitivity check.	eu-pef-2021-2279
`allocation_foreground_factors`	every allocated quantity	Derive quantities, composition, physical parameters, prices, and allocation factors from the same representative foreground period; no category-wide default factor is supplied by this PCR.	eu-pef-2021-2279
`allocation_positive_outputs`	dairy co-products and recovered materials	Record co-products as positive outputs with identity, amount, composition, destination, and economic status. Do not use avoided-product substitution unless the declared study method separately requires and documents it.	eu-pef-2021-2279
`allocation_reconciliation`	allocated results	Factors for each shared burden must sum to 1 within documented rounding tolerance, and allocated quantities must reconcile to the unallocated total.	eu-pef-2021-2279

Validation rules · 10

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`validation_scope_path`	product category	Reject automatic applicability unless the product passes scope_gate_1_dairy_identity through scope_gate_5_nec_review and the recorded CPC path is 222 > 2222 > 22229.	unsd-cpc-22229, codex-cxs-206-1999, codex-cxs-207-1999
`validation_named_exclusions`	classification decision	Reject evaporated milk, condensed milk, all solid-form milk or cream products, processed liquid milk, fresh cream, whey, fermented or acidified products, and non-dairy products from this PCR.	unsd-cpc-22229, codex-cxs-206-1999, codex-cxs-207-1999
`validation_reference_flow_fit`	reference product identity	Permit Milk 84a8c346-2832-400b-a2a6-421ef7701958 only when the actual qualifying product is milk. For cream or another semantic mismatch, require a replacement flow UUID and manual review; otherwise fail identity completeness.	unsd-cpc-22229, codex-cxs-206-1999
`validation_reference_quantity`	reference flow	Require exactly 1 kg net released product using Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, and kg; packaging mass is separate.	eu-pef-2021-2279
`validation_required_qualifiers`	foreground package metadata	Fail completeness when any required qualifier in Section 3 is missing, ambiguous, or inconsistent with the declared product, scope gate, route, or actual product flow.	unsd-cpc-22229, codex-cxs-206-1999
`validation_process_coverage`	foreground inventory	Require all four process-map rows and every applicable material, utility, packaging, cleaning, loss, waste, wastewater, co-product, and direct-emission record; a zero requires evidence and a missing record remains a gap.	eu-fdm-bref-2019, eu-pef-2021-2279
`validation_foreground_only`	non-reference quantities	Reject publication-quality completeness when a non-reference amount is an unsupported default, proxy, or reasoned numerical estimate instead of a foreground record or calculation from collected records.	eu-pef-2021-2279
`validation_balances`	mass and solids	Require same-period mass balances and, when used in identity or allocation, solids balances; report and explain unresolved differences and retained inventory.	eu-fdm-bref-2019, eu-pef-2021-2279
`validation_allocation`	multi-output and shared operations	Require direct assignment first, a documented physical or economic factor basis for residual burdens, factors summing to 1 within rounding tolerance, reconciliation to shared totals, and sensitivity when economic allocation is used.	eu-pef-2021-2279
`validation_no_double_count`	recovery, wastewater, utilities, and shared totals	Reject duplicate counting between internal transfers and final output, recovered water and purchased water, off-site wastewater treatment and direct water emissions, or assigned process data and residual facility totals.	eu-pef-2021-2279, eu-fdm-bref-2019

Processes and inputs/outputs · 4

Process ID	Process name	Input flows	Output flows
`receipt_and_preparation`	Dairy-base receipt, identity control, standardization, and formulation	27	17
`qualifying_treatment`	Concentration or sweetening, heat treatment, and cooling	13	15
`filling_and_storage`	Filling or bulk dispatch and factory-gate storage	21	24
`sanitation_and_effluent`	Cleaning, sanitation, and wastewater management	13	20

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Milk and cream, n.e.c.

Content languages

Readiness

Classification mapping

Source

1. Scope and Applicability

2. Product Category Identity

3. Reference Flow

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

Process: Dairy-base receipt, identity control, standardization, and formulation (receipt_and_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Raw cow milk input (raw_cow_milk_input)

Raw buffalo milk input (raw_buffalo_milk_input)

Raw goat milk input (raw_goat_milk_input)

Raw sheep milk input (raw_sheep_milk_input)

Raw camel milk input (raw_camel_milk_input)

Cow-milk cream input (cow_milk_cream_input)

Skim milk input (skim_milk_input)

Concentrated milk input (concentrated_milk_input)

Concentrated cream input (concentrated_cream_input)

Sucrose input (sucrose_input)

Glucose syrup input (glucose_syrup_input)

Fructose input (fructose_input)

Lactose input (lactose_input)

Sodium citrate input (sodium_citrate_input)

Polydimethylsiloxane antifoam input (pdms_antifoam_input)

Preparation mains water (preparation_mains_water)

Preparation grid electricity (preparation_grid_electricity)

Preparation purchased steam (preparation_purchased_steam)

Preparation purchased hot water (preparation_purchased_hot_water)

Preparation natural gas (preparation_natural_gas)

Preparation diesel fuel (preparation_diesel)

Preparation liquefied petroleum gas (preparation_lpg)

Preparation R-717 refrigerant make-up (preparation_r717_makeup)

Preparation HFC-134a refrigerant make-up (preparation_hfc134a_makeup)

Preparation R-404A refrigerant make-up (preparation_r404a_makeup)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Direct groundwater withdrawal (preparation_groundwater)

Direct surface-water withdrawal (preparation_surface_water)

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared dairy mix (prepared_mix_output)

Cream co-product (cream_coproduct_output)

Skim-milk co-product (skim_milk_coproduct_output)

Waste flows

Rejected raw milk (rejected_raw_milk_waste)

Rejected dairy cream (rejected_cream_waste)

Dairy formulation spill (preparation_dairy_spill_waste)

Elementary flows

Preparation fossil carbon dioxide to air (preparation_fossil_co2_air)

Preparation methane to air (preparation_methane_air)

Preparation dinitrogen monoxide to air (preparation_nitrous_oxide_air)

Preparation nitrogen monoxide to air (preparation_nitrogen_monoxide_air)

Preparation nitrogen dioxide to air (preparation_nitrogen_dioxide_air)

Preparation carbon monoxide to air (preparation_carbon_monoxide_air)

Preparation sulfur dioxide to air (preparation_sulfur_dioxide_air)

Preparation ammonia refrigerant to air (preparation_ammonia_air)

Preparation HFC-134a to air (preparation_hfc134a_air)

Preparation HFC-125 to air (preparation_hfc125_air)

Preparation HFC-143a to air (preparation_hfc143a_air)

Process: Concentration or sweetening, heat treatment, and cooling (qualifying_treatment)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared dairy mix input (prepared_mix_input)

Treatment mains water (treatment_mains_water)

Treatment grid electricity (treatment_grid_electricity)

Treatment purchased steam (treatment_purchased_steam)

Treatment purchased hot water (treatment_purchased_hot_water)

Treatment natural gas (treatment_natural_gas)

Treatment diesel fuel (treatment_diesel)

Treatment liquefied petroleum gas (treatment_lpg)

Treatment R-717 refrigerant make-up (treatment_r717_makeup)

Treatment HFC-134a refrigerant make-up (treatment_hfc134a_makeup)

Treatment R-404A refrigerant make-up (treatment_r404a_makeup)

Process: Dairy-base receipt, identity control, standardization, and formulation (`receipt_and_preparation`)

Raw cow milk input (`raw_cow_milk_input`)

Raw buffalo milk input (`raw_buffalo_milk_input`)

Raw goat milk input (`raw_goat_milk_input`)

Raw sheep milk input (`raw_sheep_milk_input`)

Raw camel milk input (`raw_camel_milk_input`)

Cow-milk cream input (`cow_milk_cream_input`)

Skim milk input (`skim_milk_input`)

Concentrated milk input (`concentrated_milk_input`)

Concentrated cream input (`concentrated_cream_input`)

Sucrose input (`sucrose_input`)

Glucose syrup input (`glucose_syrup_input`)

Fructose input (`fructose_input`)

Lactose input (`lactose_input`)

Sodium citrate input (`sodium_citrate_input`)

Polydimethylsiloxane antifoam input (`pdms_antifoam_input`)

Preparation mains water (`preparation_mains_water`)

Preparation grid electricity (`preparation_grid_electricity`)

Preparation purchased steam (`preparation_purchased_steam`)

Preparation purchased hot water (`preparation_purchased_hot_water`)

Preparation natural gas (`preparation_natural_gas`)

Preparation diesel fuel (`preparation_diesel`)

Preparation liquefied petroleum gas (`preparation_lpg`)

Preparation R-717 refrigerant make-up (`preparation_r717_makeup`)

Preparation HFC-134a refrigerant make-up (`preparation_hfc134a_makeup`)

Preparation R-404A refrigerant make-up (`preparation_r404a_makeup`)

Direct groundwater withdrawal (`preparation_groundwater`)

Direct surface-water withdrawal (`preparation_surface_water`)

Prepared dairy mix (`prepared_mix_output`)

Cream co-product (`cream_coproduct_output`)

Skim-milk co-product (`skim_milk_coproduct_output`)

Rejected raw milk (`rejected_raw_milk_waste`)

Rejected dairy cream (`rejected_cream_waste`)

Dairy formulation spill (`preparation_dairy_spill_waste`)

Preparation fossil carbon dioxide to air (`preparation_fossil_co2_air`)

Preparation methane to air (`preparation_methane_air`)

Preparation dinitrogen monoxide to air (`preparation_nitrous_oxide_air`)

Preparation nitrogen monoxide to air (`preparation_nitrogen_monoxide_air`)

Preparation nitrogen dioxide to air (`preparation_nitrogen_dioxide_air`)

Preparation carbon monoxide to air (`preparation_carbon_monoxide_air`)

Preparation sulfur dioxide to air (`preparation_sulfur_dioxide_air`)

Preparation ammonia refrigerant to air (`preparation_ammonia_air`)

Preparation HFC-134a to air (`preparation_hfc134a_air`)

Preparation HFC-125 to air (`preparation_hfc125_air`)

Preparation HFC-143a to air (`preparation_hfc143a_air`)

Process: Concentration or sweetening, heat treatment, and cooling (`qualifying_treatment`)

Prepared dairy mix input (`prepared_mix_input`)

Treatment mains water (`treatment_mains_water`)

Treatment grid electricity (`treatment_grid_electricity`)

Treatment purchased steam (`treatment_purchased_steam`)

Treatment purchased hot water (`treatment_purchased_hot_water`)

Treatment natural gas (`treatment_natural_gas`)

Treatment diesel fuel (`treatment_diesel`)

Treatment liquefied petroleum gas (`treatment_lpg`)

Treatment R-717 refrigerant make-up (`treatment_r717_makeup`)

Treatment HFC-134a refrigerant make-up (`treatment_hfc134a_makeup`)

Treatment R-404A refrigerant make-up (`treatment_r404a_makeup`)

Treatment groundwater withdrawal (`treatment_groundwater`)

Treatment surface-water withdrawal (`treatment_surface_water`)

Treated non-solid dairy product (`treated_intermediate_output`)

Process condensate (`process_condensate_output`)

Milk permeate co-product (`milk_permeate_output`)

Off-specification treated dairy product (`off_spec_treated_product_waste`)

Treatment fossil carbon dioxide to air (`treatment_fossil_co2_air`)

Treatment methane to air (`treatment_methane_air`)

Treatment dinitrogen monoxide to air (`treatment_nitrous_oxide_air`)

Treatment nitrogen monoxide to air (`treatment_nitrogen_monoxide_air`)

Treatment nitrogen dioxide to air (`treatment_nitrogen_dioxide_air`)

Treatment carbon monoxide to air (`treatment_carbon_monoxide_air`)

Treatment sulfur dioxide to air (`treatment_sulfur_dioxide_air`)

Treatment ammonia refrigerant to air (`treatment_ammonia_air`)

Treatment HFC-134a to air (`treatment_hfc134a_air`)

Treatment HFC-125 to air (`treatment_hfc125_air`)

Treatment HFC-143a to air (`treatment_hfc143a_air`)

Process: Filling or bulk dispatch and factory-gate storage (`filling_and_storage`)

Treated dairy product input (`treated_product_input`)

PET bottle (`pet_bottle_input`)

HDPE bottle (`hdpe_bottle_input`)

Glass bottle (`glass_bottle_input`)

Tinplate steel can (`tinplate_can_input`)