Barbed wire of iron or steel; twisted hoop or single flat wire, and loosely twisted double wire, of a kind used for fencing, of iron or steel

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers factory-gate production of iron or steel barbed fencing wire and the closely defined twisted hoop, single flat wire, and loosely twisted double fencing-wire forms in the product category. It applies to uncoated and zinc-coated products supplied as coils when construction, steel grade, wire diameter, barb geometry, coating state, coating sequence, and sale-unit packaging are declared.

The foreground boundary starts with received steel wire and ends with net saleable barbed-wire coils at the factory gate. It includes forming, twisting, barb application, winding, conditional in-house continuous hot-dip galvanising, and conditional steel strapping. It excludes upstream steelmaking and wire drawing embodied in purchased steel wire, fence mesh, posts, gates, insulated electrical wire, installation, use, maintenance, transport after the factory gate, and end-of-life.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.fabricated-metal-products-except-machinery-and-equipment.barbed-wire-of-iron-or-steel-twisted-hoop-or-single-flat-wire-and-loosely-twisted-doubl-e3371c78
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 42946 (exact classification context)
covered_products	Iron or steel barbed wire; twisted hoop or single flat wire and loosely twisted double wire made for fencing; uncoated or zinc-coated saleable coils
excluded_products	Baling wire; wire mesh, cloth, grill and netting; fence posts and gates; stranded cable; insulated electrical wire; non-ferrous or plastic fencing wire
representative_product	Two-strand low-carbon steel barbed fencing wire supplied as a factory-gate coil; coating state is declared and does not define a separate PCR identity
production_route	Received steel wire is formed, twisted, barbed and wound; continuous hot-dip galvanising is included only when performed inside the foreground boundary
market_state	Dry, saleable factory-gate coil, with net product mass separated from packaging mass

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide iron or steel wire configured as a barbed or specified twisted fencing barrier component
How much	1,000 kg net barbed-wire product
How well	Meets the declared wire construction, steel grade, diameter, tensile or strength class, barb geometry and spacing, coating specification, and applicable purchaser specification
How long or cycle	One production reporting period covering at least 12 consecutive months or a documented representative campaign when annual data are unavailable
reference_flow_link	barbed_wire_product

Field	Value
Reference amount	1,000 kg net product
Reference product flow	Barbed wire of iron or steel
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	wire construction; iron or steel grade and carbon class; line-wire and barb-wire diameters; tensile or strength class; barb geometry and spacing; coating material and coating mass or thickness; coating sequence and whether coating is purchased or in-house; coil mass; packaging components; production geography; reporting period

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_net_mass	reference product and mass-normalized material rows	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Measure dry saleable barbed wire net of pallets and strapping; normalize all inventory rows to 1,000 kg net product.
electricity_energy	purchased electricity	Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	MJ	Preserve metered electricity by source and voltage; convert kWh to MJ using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ and do not include upstream electricity emissions as direct foreground emissions.
gas_reference_conditions	natural gas	Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66	m3	State billing or standard temperature and pressure and convert measured volume to the declared reference conditions before normalization.
water_mass_conversion	process water	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Prefer mass measurement; when water is metered by volume, retain the volume record and use a documented density at the metering conditions to calculate mass.
chemical_solution_basis	hydrochloric acid and flux chemicals	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Report delivered solution or product mass and separately declare concentration and recycled content; do not mix active-substance mass with solution mass.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Steel wire coils received at the reporting site with steel grade, wire diameter, coating state, supplier, and delivered mass documented
starting_condition_role	Foreground gate input whose upstream dataset carries steelmaking, rolling, drawing, and any coating completed before receipt
product_classification_scope	The specific iron-or-steel barbed and twisted fencing-wire forms defined by CPC 42946; nearby mesh, cable, baling-wire, post, and gate products are outside scope
recursive_input_rule	Externally sourced barbed wire used as rework or feed is recorded as a separately disclosed secondary product input with its own upstream dataset; do not recurse into this PCR or merge it with the steel-wire row
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use a supplier-specific or representative steel-wire dataset consistent with declared grade, diameter, coating state, geography, technology, and delivery boundary; purchased coated wire must already include its coating burdens
disclosure	Declare forming route, number and form of strands, barb geometry and spacing, coating route and sequence, in-house versus purchased coating, product yield, scrap destination, packaging, site geography, technology, and reporting period

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_factory_gate	foreground product system	Include all on-site operations from receipt of steel wire through forming, twisting, barb application, winding, conditional coating, inspection, and sale-unit strapping; stop at the factory gate.	un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025; eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022
boundary_coating_route	coated products	Include continuous hot-dip galvanising only when it occurs on-site; when pre-coated wire is purchased, place coating upstream and prohibit double counting.	eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022
boundary_exclusions	downstream life cycle	Exclude fence posts, mesh, gates, installation, use, maintenance, downstream transport, and end-of-life unless a study explicitly adds them outside this factory-gate dataset.	un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
barbed_wire_manufacturing	Barbed-wire forming, conditional galvanising, winding and dispatch preparation	required	Always include forming, twisting/barbing and winding; instantiate coating and strapping rows only when their declared conditions apply	foreground production	1,000 kg net saleable barbed wire at factory gate

Process: Barbed-wire forming, conditional galvanising, winding and dispatch preparation (barbed_wire_manufacturing)

Inputs

Product flows

Received steel wire (steel_wire)

Steel wire crosses the foreground gate as the metal feed for line strands and barbs. Pool line-wire and barb-wire mass only when they share the same TianGong identity, grade and coating state; otherwise instantiate the row separately in the dataset.

• Selected flow: Steel Wire 62bb3717-f62c-43e0-baca-46a1e6f847c4
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net steel-wire mass issued to the production route, reconciled from receipt, inventory and return records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_balance
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Purchased electricity (electricity)

Record electricity metered or defensibly allocated to forming, twisting, winding, ventilation, and in-house galvanising auxiliaries. Keep upstream generation emissions in the electricity supply dataset.

• Selected flow: Electricity 67b723a9-6f63-4802-adca-b52ce7967d47
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered purchased electricity converted to MJ and allocated to the declared product route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_water
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Process water (process_water)

Include process water crossing the site boundary for galvanising rinses, bath makeup and cooling only when these operations are inside the foreground route. Exclude closed-loop recirculation from gross input but record makeup and purge.

• Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered process-water makeup attributable to the declared production route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_water
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Hydrochloric acid for in-house pickling (hydrochloric_acid)

Include hydrochloric acid only when an in-house continuous galvanising line pickles wire. Declare delivered concentration and subtract returned or recovered solution without converting solution mass to pure HCl mass.

• Selected flow: Hydrochloric Acid 964d524a-87f5-4b63-a856-2e31a8f21b67
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net delivered hydrochloric-acid solution consumed by the applicable pickling step
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product requiring in-house galvanising
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_balance
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Zinc metal for in-house galvanising (zinc_metal)

Include metallic zinc added to the molten bath only for in-house zinc coating. Record alloy grade and distinguish gross additions from recovered zinc returned to the bath.

• Selected flow: Zinc metal
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net zinc-metal additions attributable to the declared coated product
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product requiring in-house galvanising
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_balance
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Zinc chloride for the flux bath (zinc_chloride)

Include zinc chloride only when it is added to the in-house aqueous galvanising flux bath. Record product purity and net additions rather than the circulating bath inventory.

• Selected flow: Zinc chloride e5d10a05-c796-4974-9871-fad1bfb5ddb8
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net zinc-chloride product added to the applicable flux bath
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product requiring in-house galvanising
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_balance
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Ammonium chloride for the flux bath (ammonium_chloride)

Include ammonium chloride only when it is added to the in-house zinc-chloride/ammonium-chloride flux bath. Record product purity and net additions separately from zinc chloride.

• Selected flow: Ammonium Chloride 0d0e3c27-1f93-4dc1-80d0-392a3226cd4f
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net ammonium-chloride product added to the applicable flux bath
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product requiring in-house galvanising
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_balance
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Natural gas for the zinc bath (natural_gas)

Include gaseous natural gas only when it directly heats the in-house zinc bath or associated dryer. State volume reference conditions and exclude gas used by unrelated site operations.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered or sub-meter-allocated natural gas consumed by applicable galvanising equipment
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product requiring in-house galvanising
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_water
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Steel strapping (steel_strapping)

Include steel strapping only when it leaves the factory with the saleable coil. Do not include reusable handling straps or pallets in the net reference-product mass.

• Selected flow: Steel baling band 56fe4f71-b594-4b55-8553-c87f2516737d
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Issued mass of non-returnable steel strapping shipped with the reference product
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_balance
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Net saleable barbed wire (barbed_wire_product)

This is the reference product leaving the foreground system. Measure only conforming dry product and declare construction, dimensions, strength class, coating and coil mass.

• Selected flow: Barbed wire of iron or steel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured net mass of conforming saleable barbed-wire coils
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_and_waste
• Sources: un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025

Waste flows

Steel wire scrap (steel_wire_scrap)

Record offcuts, start-up wire, rejected barb sections and other steel-wire scrap leaving the foreground route. Retain destination and recovery status without subtracting scrap from gross steel-wire input.

• Selected flow: Waste steel wire 89e89b90-d82e-4631-b2ab-cd3c5986ca0e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass of steel-wire scrap leaving the foreground system
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_and_waste
• Sources:

Zinc dross (zinc_dross)

Include zinc dross removed from the coating bath only for in-house galvanising. Record recycled quantities as a waste output with destination; do not credit recycling inside this factory-gate inventory.

• Selected flow: Zinc dross
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured zinc-dross mass removed from the applicable bath and leaving the foreground system
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product requiring in-house galvanising
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_and_waste
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Acidic iron-bearing rinse wastewater (acidic_rinse_wastewater)

Include the acidic aqueous waste stream discharged to on-site or off-site treatment from in-house pickling and rinsing. Report it before treatment and do not combine it with unrelated sanitary or cooling-water discharges.

• Selected flow: Acidic iron-bearing rinse wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered or tank-mass-balanced wastewater sent from applicable pickling and rinsing to treatment
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product requiring in-house galvanising
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_and_waste
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide to air (carbon_dioxide_fossil)

Record only direct fossil carbon dioxide from natural-gas combustion in foreground galvanising equipment. Exclude upstream electricity and fuel-supply emissions.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Facility-recorded direct fossil carbon-dioxide emission attributable to applicable foreground natural-gas combustion
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product requiring in-house galvanising
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emissions
• Sources:

Hydrogen chloride to air (hydrogen_chloride_to_air)

Include hydrogen chloride emitted from in-house hydrochloric-acid pickling after the declared abatement system. Use stack measurement or a documented site mass balance and do not combine it with other acid gases.

• Selected flow: hydrogen chloride fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-aab0-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured or facility-recorded post-abatement hydrogen-chloride emission from applicable pickling
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net barbed-wire product requiring in-house hydrochloric-acid pickling
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emissions
• Sources: eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivision	shared site operations	Prefer subdivision, sub-metering, production orders, and material issues that assign forming and galvanising exchanges directly to the declared product route.
allocation_shared_operations	remaining shared exchanges	When subdivision is not feasible, allocate shared exchanges by net mass of conforming wire products only after documenting why mass reflects the physical relationship; disclose the allocation fraction and sensitivity.
allocation_scrap_and_dross	steel-wire scrap and zinc dross	Report each residue at measured mass and destination without subtracting it from gross inputs or applying an avoided-burden credit inside this factory-gate dataset.	eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_balance	barbed_wire_manufacturing	steel wire, acids, zinc, flux salts and steel strapping inputs	purchase, goods receipt, issue, return and stock records	material identity; supplier; batch; delivered state; concentration or grade; opening stock; receipts; issues; returns; closing stock; mass; applicable route	Reconcile net consumption as opening stock plus receipts minus returns and closing stock; link issues to production orders	kg	monthly with annual reconciliation	at least 12 consecutive months or documented representative campaign	all lines and stores serving the declared product at the reporting site	Sum route-attributable net consumption and normalize to net conforming product mass	calibrated scales; inventory reconciliation; supplier certificates; batch and production-order linkage
cp_energy_and_water	barbed_wire_manufacturing	electricity, natural gas and process water	utility meter, sub-meter and invoice records	meter id; opening and closing readings; unit; reference conditions for gas; allocation driver; downtime; product route; output mass	Prefer dedicated meters; otherwise reconcile site totals and allocate only documented route consumption	MJ, m3, kg	monthly	at least 12 consecutive months or documented representative campaign	equipment and utilities inside the declared foreground boundary	Convert units under Section 4, sum eligible consumption, and normalize to net conforming product mass	meter calibration; invoices; site reconciliation; allocation worksheet
cp_product_and_waste	barbed_wire_manufacturing	reference product, steel-wire scrap, zinc dross and acidic rinse wastewater	production, scale, weighbridge, tank and waste-transfer records	product code; construction; coating state; gross mass; tare; net mass; reject mass; waste identity; destination; recovery status; wastewater volume or mass; density	Weigh products and solid residues; meter or tank-balance wastewater before treatment; reconcile output and reject records	kg	per batch or shipment, aggregated monthly	same period as inputs	all forming, galvanising and dispatch operations in scope	Sum each atomic output separately and normalize to 1,000 kg net conforming product	calibrated scales; tare records; waste manifests; tank calibration; production reconciliation
cp_air_emissions	barbed_wire_manufacturing	direct fossil carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride	emissions inventory, fuel record and stack-test record	emission identity; source equipment; measurement period; measured concentration and flow where applicable; reported mass; abatement status; allocation basis	Use facility-verified direct-emission records; for HCl prefer representative post-abatement stack measurement linked to operating hours	kg	per test and monthly or annual emissions reconciliation	representative tests plus the same production period as the inventory	only foreground combustion and pickling emission points	Sum direct emissions attributable to the route and normalize to net conforming product mass	stack-test report; instrument calibration; fuel and operating-hour reconciliation; emissions approval record

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_net_material_consumption	product and packaging inputs	opening stock + receipts - returns - closing stock; assign only documented production-order issues	stock, receipt, return and issue records	net kg of each atomic material input per reporting period
calc_reference_normalization	every inventory row	row reporting-period amount / net conforming product mass × 1,000 kg	reconciled row amount; net conforming barbed-wire output	row amount per 1,000 kg reference product
calc_route_exclusion	conditional coating and packaging rows	set the row to not applicable only when route records demonstrate the operation or shipped component is absent; do not enter an arbitrary zero	route declaration; coating sequence; purchase specification; packaging bill of materials	documented applicability status for each conditional row	eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_product_identity	reference product	Match production records to declared construction, material, diameters, barb geometry, strength class, coating and coil mass; segregate nonconforming products.	product specification; inspection record; production order; supplier or customer certificate
dq_completeness	all inventory rows	Cover at least 95% of production days in the reporting period and reconcile omitted days, stock changes, rework and abnormal operations.	coverage calculation; exception log; inventory reconciliation
dq_route_consistency	coating-related rows	Demonstrate whether coating was purchased upstream or performed in-house and apply all applicable acid, flux, zinc, water, fuel, residue and emission rows consistently.	route diagram; purchase specification; bath log; meter and waste records
dq_measurement	meters and scales	Use calibrated or verified instruments and document any allocation from shared meters, including sensitivity for material shared loads.	calibration certificates; meter map; allocation worksheet
dq_temporal_geographic	published dataset	Report site geography, technology, data year, capacity utilisation and representativeness; do not combine sites without retaining site-level records and weighting.	site metadata; annual production report; site-level aggregation file

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_identity	reference flow	Reject a data package that lacks any required qualifier or mixes barbed wire with baling wire, mesh, posts, gates, cable, or non-metal fencing products.	un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025
validate_mass_reconciliation	steel and zinc material balance	Confirm that issued steel and zinc are reconciled against conforming product, stock change, scrap, dross and documented process losses; investigate unexplained imbalance.
validate_coating_consistency	coated product route	Require one declared coating sequence and verify that pre-coated purchased wire does not also receive upstream coating burdens in the foreground galvanising rows.	eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022
validate_direct_emissions	elementary outputs	Confirm direct fossil carbon dioxide includes foreground combustion only and hydrogen chloride is specific to applicable post-abatement pickling emissions.	eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022
validate_inventory_completeness	reporting period	Reconcile product output, materials, utilities, wastes and direct emissions to the same site, route and time period; disclose exclusions and data gaps.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset
downstream_use	Factory-gate background input for process and lifecyclemodel models that consume a declared barbed-wire coil
allowed_use	Studies requiring iron or steel barbed or specified twisted fencing wire when construction, grade, dimensions, strength, coating, geography, technology and time period are compatible
excluded_use	Baling wire, wire mesh or netting, fence posts or gates, stranded cable, insulated wire, non-ferrous or plastic fencing products, installed fence systems, or cradle-to-grave claims without additional life-cycle stages
required_metadata	canonical PCR id; product construction; steel grade; line-wire and barb-wire diameters; strength class; barb geometry and spacing; coating material and mass or thickness; coating sequence; net coil mass; packaging; site geography; technology; reporting period; upstream steel-wire dataset
required_quality_disclosure	foreground coverage; meter and scale quality; route applicability; allocation fractions; material and product reconciliation; direct-emission method; unresolved data and UUID identities; representativeness limitations
update_trigger	Change in steel grade or wire construction, forming technology, coating material or sequence, energy source, abatement, packaging, site geography, allocation method, or data older than five years

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025	official guidance (official_guidance)	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025, CPC 42946. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Official product identity, classification boundary, covered fencing-wire forms and exclusions from adjacent product categories
un-cpc-v1-1-zh-2008	official guidance (official_guidance)	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 1.1, Chinese edition, Series M No. 77/Ver.1.1, entry 42946. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/SeriesM/M_77ver1_1c.pdf (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Verified professional Chinese terminology for the unchanged barbed- and twisted-fencing-wire product identity
eu-jrc-fmp-bref-2022	official guidance (official_guidance)	European Commission Joint Research Centre, Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Ferrous Metals Processing Industry, EUR 31321 EN, JRC131649, 2022. DOI: 10.2760/196475; https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC131649 (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Wire-to-finished-product boundary, wire drawing context, continuous wire galvanising sequence, hydrochloric-acid pickling, zinc-chloride/ammonium-chloride flux, zinc bath heating, water use, hydrogen-chloride control, wastewater and zinc-dross process decomposition