Chain (except articulated link chain) and parts thereof, of iron or steel; chain and parts thereof, of copper

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR governs foreground data packages for finished iron or steel chain other than articulated link chain, finished copper chain, and separately marketed parts of those chains. It covers factory operations from receipt of purchased metal wire or rod and other purchased inputs through any applicable drawing, cutting, link or part forming, electric welding or other joining, heat treatment, cleaning, surface finishing, proof testing, final inspection, and release of the unpackaged product at the factory gate.

Articulated link chain, wire rope, stranded wire or cable, chain slings assembled with hooks or other lifting accessories, upstream primary metal production, use, maintenance, repair, transport beyond the factory gate, packaging, and end-of-life are outside this PCR. A data package may include only operations that actually occur, but it shall disclose every omitted conditional operation and shall add any actual site exchange not represented by the baseline atomic rows below.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.fabricated-metal-products-except-machinery-and-equipment.chain-except-articulated-link-chain-and-parts-thereof-of-iron-or-steel-chain-and-parts-58cc71fb
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 42991 (exact)
covered_products	Iron or steel skid, stud-link, welded-link and other non-articulated chain; copper chain; and separately marketed parts thereof
excluded_products	Articulated link chain; wire rope, stranded wire and cable; complete chain slings or assemblies whose reference product includes hooks or other accessories; chains of materials other than iron, steel or copper
representative_product	Unpackaged factory-gate finished non-articulated iron/steel chain, copper chain, or a separately marketed chain part
production_route	Purchased wire or rod preparation followed by applicable drawing, cutting, forming, joining/welding, heat treatment, cleaning, coating, testing and inspection
market_state	Saleable, unpackaged, dry finished chain or chain part at the manufacturing site gate; material, grade, dimensions, joining method, heat treatment, coating and test status declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Finished chain or chain part within this PCR boundary
How much	1 kg net product mass
How well	Conforms to the declared material, grade, dimensional, joining, heat-treatment, coating, proof-load and other applicable product specifications
How long or cycle	One production lot released at the factory gate; no service-life function is credited
reference_flow_link	reference_product

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Chain (except articulated link chain) or chain part, of iron, steel or copper
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	chain or part; iron, steel or copper and alloy/grade; link or part geometry and nominal dimensions; calibrated/non-calibrated status where applicable; joining or welding method; heat-treatment route; coating/finish; proof-load or test specification and result where applicable; net product mass; production site and geography; production period

When constructing a foreground data package, every item in Required qualifiers shall be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference-flow comments, the product description, or an equivalent field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow incomplete.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Reference product and mass-normalized inputs/outputs	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Weigh dry, unpackaged conforming product and normalize all inventory to 1 kg net product. Do not include pallets, reels, drums or removable packaging in reference mass.
metal_mass_balance	Metal feedstock, finished product and segregated metal scrap	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Preserve measured material and alloy routes separately. Reconcile input metal mass to conforming product, segregated scrap, scale/sludge retained in other recorded waste, and documented inventory change.
electricity_conversion	Purchased electricity	Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66	MJ	Convert metered kWh to MJ using 3.6 MJ/kWh; retain the original meter value, voltage level, grid geography, contract mix and included site losses.
gas_volume	Natural gas	Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66	m3	Report metered volume at declared reference temperature and pressure and state whether the meter value is corrected to standard conditions; do not substitute energy without retaining the conversion basis.
solution_mass	Purchased acids, oxidants and alkali	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Record supplied solution mass and declared concentration. Do not report active-substance mass as solution mass without a documented conversion.

5. System Boundary

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_factory_gate	Foreground chain manufacturing	Include all site operations from receipt of purchased metal feedstock through release of dry, unpackaged conforming chain or chain parts, including internal recycling and pollution-control operations attributable to the product.	ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971
boundary_actual_routes	Conditional operations	Include wire drawing, electric welding or other joining, heat treatment/quenching, acid or mechanical cleaning, coating, proof testing and effluent or off-gas treatment only when performed; disclose absent and outsourced operations and require a supplier dataset for outsourced production steps.	ec-fmp-bat-2022; eu-chain-certification-1973
boundary_upstream_inputs	Purchased product and waste-treatment inputs	Link each purchased metal, chemical, fuel, electricity, water and waste-treatment service to a geographically and technologically representative upstream dataset; do not include upstream burdens as direct foreground emissions.	ec-fmp-bat-2022

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased iron/non-alloy steel wire, alloy-steel wire or copper wire rod at the chain-manufacturing site gate, with material grade, form, dimensions, coating, recycled-content claim and supplier geography declared
starting_condition_role	Purchased formed-metal feedstock; upstream metal production and wire/rod manufacture are represented by linked upstream datasets
product_classification_scope	Finished non-articulated iron/steel chain and parts, plus copper chain and parts, consistent with CPC 3.0 42991
recursive_input_rule	If purchased chain or an in-scope chain part enters the foreground system, record it as a separate technosphere input with supplier dataset and declared mass; do not recursively recreate its production inside this PCR
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use supplier-specific data when available; otherwise use a documented geography-, alloy/grade-, technology-, recycled-content- and product-state-compatible dataset for each purchased input
disclosure	Declare material route, feedstock state, forming/joining technology, heat treatment, cleaning chemistry, coating, testing, internal recycling, wastewater/off-gas treatment, outsourced steps, production geography and production period

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
chain_manufacturing	Integrated chain and chain-part manufacturing	required	All applicable operations performed by or attributable to the manufacturing site are consolidated; route-conditional exchanges are recorded only when present	Foreground manufacturing from purchased metal feedstock to dry, unpackaged conforming factory-gate product	1 kg net conforming product

Process: Integrated chain and chain-part manufacturing (chain_manufacturing)

The consolidated process avoids artificial internal intermediate flows while preserving operation-level meter, batch and treatment records. The dataset shall identify which forming, joining, thermal, wet-treatment, coating and testing operations occur.

Inputs

Product flows

Non-alloy steel wire (non_alloy_steel_wire)

Record purchased non-alloy steel wire consumed in iron/non-alloy-steel chain or part production.

• Selected flow: Steel Wire 62bb3717-f62c-43e0-baca-46a1e6f847c4
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net issued mass minus measured reusable return to stock
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_inputs
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022; eu-chain-certification-1973

Alloy-steel wire (alloy_steel_wire)

Record low-alloy or other alloy-steel wire only for an alloy-steel product route.

• Selected flow: Wire drawing, steel 461d98b3-a825-41bb-9b16-056331873326
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net issued mass minus measured reusable return to stock
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_inputs
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022; eu-chain-certification-1973

Copper wire rod (copper_wire_rod)

Record purchased copper wire rod only for copper chain or part production.

• Selected flow: Copper wire rod 99715c69-4245-44ff-a438-0e0d68377386
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net issued mass minus measured reusable return to stock
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_inputs
• Sources: us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

Purchased electricity (electricity)

Record delivered electricity for forming, drawing, welding, heat treatment, cleaning, coating, testing and attributable auxiliaries.

• Selected flow: Electricity 67b723a9-6f63-4802-adca-b52ce7967d47
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered delivered electricity allocated from operation-level or site-level records, converted under electricity_conversion
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_inputs
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022

Natural gas (natural_gas)

Record gaseous natural gas delivered to onsite furnaces or other directly attributable combustion equipment.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered delivered volume under declared reference conditions, net of separately metered non-product uses
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_inputs
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022

Process water (process_water)

Record net make-up process water entering cleaning, rinsing, quenching, scrubbing or other product-attributable operations; do not count recirculated water repeatedly.

• Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered make-up water plus documented tank additions minus recovered water exported from the process boundary
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

Hydrochloric acid solution, 30% (hydrochloric_acid_30pct)

Record purchased 30% hydrochloric acid solution only when used for pickling, stripping or acid make-up.

• Selected flow: Hydrochloric acid (30%) 56414d25-a353-4d67-b362-87212ce6011d
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net purchased or issued solution mass at 30% concentration, excluding recovered acid reused within the process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022

Sulfuric acid (sulfuric_acid)

Record purchased sulfuric acid only when used for steel or copper pickling or acid regeneration make-up.

• Selected flow: Sulfuric acid 7ee2e3c3-bee7-4520-92b7-3e23afbfcd6f
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net purchased or issued solution mass at declared concentration, excluding recovered acid reused within the process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

Hydrogen peroxide solution, 27.5% (hydrogen_peroxide_27_5pct)

Record purchased 27.5% hydrogen peroxide solution only when used in copper bright pickling or an equivalent declared oxidation step.

• Selected flow: Hydrogen peroxide (27.5%) 445b37f0-46b7-400d-a369-530e17d598af
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net issued solution mass at 27.5% concentration
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources: us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

Sodium hydroxide (sodium_hydroxide)

Record sodium hydroxide used for alkaline cleaning, neutralization or attributable wastewater treatment.

• Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide e0abcced-0611-4c24-9290-5a2c5a0c4169
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net issued product or solution mass, with supplied concentration declared
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

Zinc metal (zinc_metal)

Record special-high-grade unwrought zinc consumed only when the finished chain or part is zinc-coated onsite.

• Selected flow: Special High Grade zinc metal 2d8ff1bd-e128-4c74-a99d-b8734c99bbd2
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchased zinc charged to the coating system minus measured recovered metal and closing inventory, assigned to conforming product and separately recorded residues
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022

Calcium stearate drawing lubricant (drawing_lubricant_calcium_stearate)

Record calcium stearate make-up only when it is the specific dry-drawing lubricant used; UUID remains unresolved.

• Selected flow: Calcium stearate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net issued fresh lubricant minus separately recovered reusable lubricant
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

Quenching oil (quenching_oil)

Record fresh quenching-oil make-up only for an onsite oil-quench heat-treatment route.

• Selected flow: Quenching Oil 02f62137-e204-46e6-8e72-e88b450fbdc4
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Net fresh oil addition minus recovered oil exported for reuse; do not count recirculated bath inventory as consumption
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022; eu-chain-certification-1973

Waste flows

None expected as inputs. If a site receives waste for treatment or recycling in the chain process, add each concrete waste stream as a separate foreground row.

Elementary flows

None expected as direct inputs. Natural resource extraction embodied in purchased materials belongs in linked upstream datasets.

Outputs

Product flows

Reference chain or chain part (reference_product)

Record only dry, unpackaged conforming chain or separately marketed chain parts released at the factory gate. The exact TianGong product-flow UUID is unresolved.

• Selected flow: Chain (except articulated link chain) or chain part, of iron, steel or copper
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg net conforming product by definition
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Source rule (source_rule)
• Sources: un-cpc-3-0-2025; eu-chain-certification-1973

Waste flows

Post-industrial steel scrap (post_industrial_steel_scrap)

Record segregated steel offcuts, flash, cropped ends and rejected steel links leaving for recycling or treatment.

• Selected flow: Post-industrial steel scrap c143745d-be4f-4d8f-b403-2dcbfe685349
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured outbound mass plus documented inventory change, excluding internally remelted or directly reused pieces
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_outputs
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022

Copper scrap (copper_scrap)

Record segregated copper offcuts and rejected copper links or parts leaving for recycling or treatment.

• Selected flow: Copper Scrap 4fbbb5f1-560a-4052-ba0c-652c5dfc282e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured outbound mass plus documented inventory change, excluding internally reused copper
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_outputs
• Sources: us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

Spent pickling acid (spent_pickling_acid)

Record spent hydrochloric- or sulfuric-acid pickling liquor leaving the site boundary, with acid type, residual concentration, dissolved metals and recovery destination declared; UUID remains unresolved.

• Selected flow: Spent pickling acid
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured outbound mass plus documented tank inventory change, net of onsite-regenerated acid returned to use
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_outputs
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

Acidic metal-bearing rinse wastewater (acidic_rinse_wastewater)

Record segregated acidic rinse wastewater exported to sewer or offsite treatment after subtracting water recirculated onsite; declare pH, principal acid, dissolved metals and treatment destination. UUID remains unresolved.

• Selected flow: Acidic metal-bearing rinse wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered or mass-balanced net wastewater crossing the site boundary
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_outputs
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

Elementary flows

Particulate matter to air (particulate_matter_air)

Record measured net particulate matter released to air after capture and abatement from forming, drawing, welding, mechanical cleaning, heat treatment and finishing.

• Selected flow: Particulate matter, particle size unspecified 0ce3dedb-caca-407b-a856-a90470eb8ec0
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Sum measured channelled and quantified fugitive releases after abatement; avoid double counting captured dust recorded as waste
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022

Hydrogen chloride to air (hydrogen_chloride_air)

Record measured net hydrogen chloride released to air from hydrochloric-acid pickling or stripping after abatement.

• Selected flow: hydrogen chloride fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-aab0-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured channelled plus quantified fugitive HCl release after abatement
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022

Nitrogen oxides to air (nitrogen_oxides_air)

Record measured aggregate NOx released to air from onsite fuel combustion using the facility's declared reporting convention; UUID remains unresolved and nitrous oxide shall not be substituted.

• Selected flow: Nitrogen oxides to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured channelled plus quantified fugitive NOx release after abatement, with NO2-equivalent or other reporting basis declared
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022

Fossil carbon dioxide to air (carbon_dioxide_fossil_air)

Record direct fossil carbon dioxide from onsite natural-gas combustion or other declared fossil sources; upstream electricity emissions are excluded from this foreground row.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Direct stack measurement or a disclosed site carbon balance based on collected fuel records, with method and factor source retained
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: ec-fmp-bat-2022

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid_subdivide	Distinct product families, material routes and major operations	Prefer subdivision using operation meters, batch records and product-specific material issues. Keep iron/non-alloy steel, alloy steel and copper routes separate whenever records permit.	ec-fmp-bat-2022
allocation_shared_operations	Shared forming, heat treatment, cleaning, coating, testing and auxiliaries	If subdivision is not possible, allocate shared burdens by a documented causal driver such as machine time, furnace load-time, treated surface area, bath throughput or metered energy. Use mass only when no more causal driver exists and disclose the sensitivity.	ec-fmp-bat-2022
allocation_scrap_no_avoided_burden	Steel scrap, copper scrap and recovered treatment materials	Report all output masses and destinations. Do not assign avoided primary-metal or treatment credits inside the foreground inventory; apply any recycling or substitution convention in a separately disclosed downstream model.	ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_inputs	chain_manufacturing	Each metal feedstock row	Purchase, issue, return and inventory records	material/grade; supplier; lot; opening stock; receipts; issues; reusable returns; closing stock; mass	Calibrated scales reconciled to stores and production records	kg	Each lot; aggregate monthly	Representative continuous 12-month period or declared shorter campaign	All lines producing the declared product	receipts + opening stock - closing stock - reusable returns, assigned by product route	Scale calibration, supplier certificates, lot traceability and stock reconciliation
cp_energy_inputs	chain_manufacturing	Electricity and natural gas	Utility meters, invoices and operating logs	meter id; opening/closing reading; unit; reference conditions; operation; downtime; product quantity	Submeter preferred; otherwise site meter allocated by causal driver	kWh, MJ, m3	Continuous or each shift; aggregate monthly	Representative continuous 12-month period or declared shorter campaign	All attributable production and pollution-control equipment	Net delivered amount less excluded uses, allocated and normalized to conforming product mass	Meter calibration, invoice reconciliation, allocation worksheet and operating-hours log
cp_water_chemicals	chain_manufacturing	Each water or chemical row	Meter, batch, purchase, issue and tank-inventory records	substance; concentration; lot; opening/closing inventory; additions; recovered return; export; treated product mass	Calibrated flow meter or scale plus bath/tank balance	kg	Each batch or shift; aggregate monthly	Representative continuous 12-month period or declared shorter campaign	Each applicable cleaning, drawing, heat-treatment, coating or treatment line	Net fresh input = additions + receipts + opening stock - closing stock - recovered export; normalize to product mass	Calibration, safety data sheet, concentration analysis, batch sheet and tank balance
cp_product_output	chain_manufacturing	Reference product	Release, scale and quality records	product id; material/grade; dimensions; joining method; heat treatment; coating; test specification/result; dry net mass; rejects	Calibrated scale linked to release inspection	kg	Each production lot	Representative continuous 12-month period or declared shorter campaign	All conforming product made at the declared site	Sum dry unpackaged released mass; exclude rejects, packaging and stock not released	Scale calibration, inspection record, material certificate and test certificate where applicable
cp_waste_outputs	chain_manufacturing	Each waste row	Waste scales/manifests, tank levels and recovery logs	waste identity; composition; origin; mass; opening/closing inventory; recovery; destination; treatment	Weighbridge/scale or documented density-volume conversion with tank balance	kg	Each shipment; reconcile monthly	Representative continuous 12-month period or declared shorter campaign	All attributable waste and wastewater leaving the site	Outbound mass + closing stock - opening stock; subtract internal reuse and prevent duplicate reporting	Scale calibration, manifest, laboratory composition/pH, tank record and recycler/treatment receipt
cp_direct_emissions	chain_manufacturing	Each elementary emission row	Continuous monitoring, stack tests, mass balance and fugitive estimate records	pollutant; source; flow; concentration; test period; abatement status; reporting basis; operating time	Applicable calibrated monitoring or validated site calculation	kg	Continuous where installed; otherwise each required test and monthly calculation	Representative continuous 12-month period or declared shorter campaign	All attributable point and quantified fugitive sources	Sum post-abatement releases by pollutant and normalize to conforming product mass	Calibration, sampling standard, laboratory report, detection limit, uncertainty and operating log

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_normalized_amount	Every inventory exchange	normalized amount = period exchange amount / dry unpackaged conforming product mass	Exchange record; cp_product_output mass	Amount per 1 kg reference product
calc_net_input	Materials, water and chemicals	net fresh input = receipts + opening inventory - closing inventory - reusable material returned outside the accounted product system	Purchase, stock, issue, recovery and return records	Net product input by atomic flow	ec-fmp-bat-2022
calc_net_waste	Waste outputs	net waste crossing boundary = shipments + closing waste inventory - opening waste inventory; exclude material internally reused in the same period	Waste manifests, scales, tanks and inventory	Net waste output by atomic flow	ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971
calc_electricity_mj	Electricity	MJ = metered kWh × 3.6	Metered kWh	Delivered electricity in MJ
calc_shared_burden	Unsubdivided shared operations	Allocate by the documented causal driver; if mass is the fallback, share = product mass / total conforming mass through the shared operation	Shared burden; driver by product; total driver	Product-attributed shared burden	ec-fmp-bat-2022

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	Reference product	Retain product drawing/specification, material and grade, link/part geometry, joining method, heat treatment, coating, test status, net mass and lot identity.	Product specification, material certificate, route card, inspection and test records
dq_time	All foreground rows	Use one representative continuous production period of at least 12 months where available; disclose shorter campaigns, shutdowns, abnormal operations and seasonal gaps.	Dated meters, batch records, production logs and completeness reconciliation
dq_completeness	Process and emissions inventory	Reconcile material, energy, water, chemical, waste and emission records across every applicable operation and pollution-control unit; explain all missing or estimated exchanges.	Mass/energy/water balances, chemical inventory, waste and waste-gas/wastewater inventories
dq_technology	Conditional routes	Identify forming/drawing, joining, furnace/quench, cleaning, coating, proof-test and abatement technology and whether each step is onsite, outsourced or absent.	Process flow sheet, equipment register and supplier records
dq_measurement	Meters, scales and analyses	Retain calibration status, sampling method, detection limit, concentration/reference-condition conversion and uncertainty for every material measurement.	Calibration certificates, laboratory reports and conversion worksheets
dq_upstream	Linked datasets	Match geography, material/alloy, product state, technology, recycled content and time; document any proxy and its expected direction of bias.	Supplier dataset or documented dataset-selection record

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_identity	Reference product	Fail if the product is articulated link chain, a chain assembly outside the boundary, a material other than iron/steel/copper, or lacks material/grade, dimensions, route, finish, test status and net-mass qualifiers.	un-cpc-3-0-2025; eu-chain-certification-1973
validate_reference_mass	Reference flow	Confirm exactly 1 kg dry unpackaged conforming product and exclude rejects and packaging from the denominator.
validate_routes	Process map	Confirm every onsite and outsourced drawing, forming, joining, heat-treatment, cleaning, coating, testing and treatment step is declared and every applicable exchange is present.	ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971
validate_balance	Metal, water and chemicals	Require documented metal reconciliation and net-consumption treatment for recirculated water, acid, lubricant, quench oil and recovered coating metal; investigate unexplained imbalance.	ec-fmp-bat-2022; us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971
validate_emissions	Direct emissions	Confirm emissions are post-abatement foreground releases, use the declared compartment/reporting basis, exclude upstream electricity emissions and do not substitute nitrous oxide for unresolved NOx.	ec-fmp-bat-2022
validate_allocation	Shared burdens and recyclable outputs	Confirm subdivision or causal allocation is documented and no avoided-burden recycling credit is embedded in the foreground inventory.	ec-fmp-bat-2022

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Product-specific or site-average factory-gate foreground production dataset
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	Cradle-to-gate product systems and downstream models requiring a qualified factory-gate chain or chain-part dataset
excluded_use	Articulated link chain; chain slings/assemblies including accessories; other materials; use-phase performance; repair; end-of-life; or comparative assertions when material route, product state, geography, technology or data quality are incompatible
required_metadata	PCR id/version; product and part/chain status; material/alloy/grade; dimensions; calibrated status where applicable; joining method; heat treatment; coating; proof/test specification and result where applicable; site/geography; period; net mass; process routes; allocation; upstream datasets; unresolved UUIDs
required_quality_disclosure	Temporal coverage and completeness; meter/scale calibration; concentration and reference-condition conversions; route-specific allocation; metal/water/chemical balances; waste and emission methods; uncertainty; proxies; exclusions and outsourced steps
update_trigger	Material, grade, feedstock, forming/joining technology, furnace/quench, cleaning chemistry, coating, abatement, supplier electricity/fuel, allocation method, site, production mix, regulation, reference-flow UUID or evidence changes materially

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-0-2025	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Structure and Explanatory Notes, 30 June 2025, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf	English product-category identity and articulated-link-chain exclusion
un-cpc-1-1-zh-2004	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 1.1, Chinese edition, ST/ESA/STAT/SER.M/77/Ver.1.1, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/536544/files/M_77ver1_1c.pdf	Professional Chinese rendering of the unchanged CPC 42991 product identity
ec-fmp-bat-2022	official_guidance	European Commission, Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/2110 establishing BAT conclusions for the ferrous metals processing industry, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec_impl/2022/2110/oj/eng	Wire drawing, heating, pickling, coating, energy, water, chemicals, residues, waste-gas/wastewater inventories and monitoring
us-epa-brass-wire-mill-1971	official_guidance	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Brass Wire Mill Process Changes and Waste Abatement, Recovery and Reuse, Project 12010 DPF, November 1971, https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=9100XAZP.TXT	Copper wire-rod drawing, annealing, repeated pickling/rinsing, lubricant use, copper recovery and treatment-residue process decomposition
eu-chain-certification-1973	standard	Council Directive 73/361/EEC of 19 November 1973 on certification and marking of wire-ropes, chains and hooks, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/1973/361/oj/eng	Conditional round-steel-chain material, dimensions, joining, heat treatment, proof-load, breaking-strength, test and marking qualifiers