Tomato juice

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR supports foreground data packages for tomato juice made from mature tomatoes or from tomato juice concentrate. It covers direct-extraction and from-concentrate routes when the product is released as tomato juice for direct consumption or as an equivalent bulk product. The declared product specification shall identify the production route, preservation state, recipe additions, soluble-solids basis, packaging configuration, and facility-gate product state.

The foreground boundary begins with tomatoes, tomato juice concentrate, water, ingredients, packaging, energy carriers, and other purchased inputs received at the reporting facility. It includes applicable receiving, sorting, washing, crushing, heating, extraction, finishing, deaeration, homogenization, formulation or reconstitution, preservation, filling, packaging, cleaning, onsite residual management, and direct releases. Upstream tomato cultivation, concentrate production outside the reporting facility, purchased utility generation, distribution, retail, use, and packaging end of life are represented by linked datasets when required by the study scope and are not recreated as foreground operations.

Excluded products are tomato paste, concentrated tomato juice sold as such, tomato sauces, mixed vegetable juices, nectars, fermented tomato beverages, and beverages for which tomato juice is only an ingredient. A product prepared from concentrate remains in scope only when the finished product is declared and marketed as tomato juice under the applicable market specification.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.meat-fish-fruits-vegetables-oils-and-fats.tomato-juice
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 21321 Tomato juice
covered_products	Unconcentrated tomato juice and tomato juice reconstituted from tomato juice concentrate, with permitted declared ingredients and preservation routes
excluded_products	Tomato paste; concentrated tomato juice sold as concentrate; tomato sauce; mixed vegetable juice; nectar; fermented tomato beverages; beverages containing tomato juice as an ingredient
representative_product	Tomato juice ready for direct consumption, at the processing facility gate
production_route	Direct extraction from mature tomatoes or declared reconstitution from tomato juice concentrate, followed by route-specific preservation and filling
market_state	Ambient shelf-stable, chilled, or frozen; packaged or bulk; preservation and packaging state declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provision of tomato juice meeting the declared product and market specification at the processing facility gate
How much	1,000 kg net tomato juice, excluding packaging
How well	Conforms to the declared direct-extraction or from-concentrate identity, recipe, soluble-solids basis, preservation route, packaging state, and applicable market requirements
How long or cycle	One representative production batch or campaign ending at facility-gate release; shelf life is a required product qualifier rather than the functional duration
reference_flow_link	The measured conforming net product output is normalized to the 1,000 kg reference amount

Field	Value
Reference amount	1,000 kg net tomato juice
Reference product flow	Tomato juice 0e1f9da3-8a58-4fab-a793-1edde8bead88
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	production route: direct extraction or from concentrate; source-material specification; soluble-solids or recipe basis; added salt, acid, or other ingredients; preservation route; package or bulk configuration; net product mass; product temperature at release; shelf-life or storage condition; geography; reference period; technology and facility

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_product_mass	conforming tomato juice output	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Measure net tomato juice mass separately from packaging and normalize all inventory amounts to 1,000 kg conforming net output.
route_and_solids_declaration	direct and from-concentrate routes	Mass and declared soluble-solids measurement basis	kg and declared laboratory unit	Record the route and measured product specification; do not infer concentrate or dilution factors from a generic default.
packaging_count_to_mass	primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging	Mass	kg	Convert package counts to mass using lot-specific or supplier-supported unit masses and retain the count and conversion evidence.
energy_unit_conversion	electricity, steam, fuels, heating, cooling, and compressed air	Energy	kWh or MJ	Preserve source meter units and conversion factors; report electricity in kWh and other delivered energy in MJ without applying an undocumented efficiency or heating value.
water_and_wastewater_volume_mass	process water and wastewater	Volume or Mass	m3 or kg	Record the measured property and unit; if converting between mass and volume, retain the measured or justified density and conversion rule.

5. System Boundary

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_facility_operations	foreground facility	Include all applicable onsite operations from receipt of source materials through conforming tomato juice release, including cleaning, packaging, onsite utility use, residual handling, and direct releases.	fao-fruit-vegetable-processing-1995; us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
boundary_upstream_inputs	purchased inputs	Link upstream datasets for tomatoes, concentrate, ingredients, packaging, water supply, fuels, electricity, and other purchased inputs; do not recreate their external production as foreground operations.	iso-14044-2006
boundary_concentrate_route	from-concentrate production	Include concentration only when it occurs inside the declared foreground facility boundary; otherwise record purchased tomato juice concentrate as an input and disclose its upstream dataset.	us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
boundary_preservation_route	preservation and filling	Include the actual thermal, chilled, or frozen preservation route and its monitored operations; do not substitute a generic thermal profile for the validated site process.	fda-juice-haccp-2004; us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
boundary_residual_treatment	wastewater and solid residuals	Include onsite treatment and recovery as foreground processes. Record offsite treatment or recovery as waste or product flows linked to the applicable external datasets.	iso-14044-2006

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Tomatoes, tomato juice concentrate, ingredients, packaging, water, and energy carriers as received at the reporting facility
starting_condition_role	Facility-gate foreground input condition with upstream burdens supplied by linked datasets
product_classification_scope	Tomato juice only; CPC 3.0 21321 is classification context and does not define the canonical PCR identity
recursive_input_rule	Purchased tomato juice or tomato juice concentrate used as an input is recorded once as a product input with its upstream dataset; its upstream tomato-juice production is not recursively reproduced inside the same foreground process
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use temporally, geographically, technologically, and materially representative upstream datasets for tomatoes, concentrate, ingredients, packaging, utilities, transport brought into scope, and offsite treatment
disclosure	Declare source-material form, direct or from-concentrate route, facility operations, preservation method, packaging state, allocation, exclusions, data gaps, and whether residual treatment is onsite or offsite

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
raw_receipt_preparation	Raw material receipt and preparation	required	Always included for received tomatoes or other source material	Foreground receiving, inspection, sorting, washing, and preparation	Mass of source material and prepared tomatoes per 1,000 kg reference product
juice_extraction_finishing	Juice extraction and finishing	required	Always included; for from-concentrate-only sites this may represent receipt verification and any onsite finishing before formulation	Foreground crushing, heating where used, extraction, screening, deaeration, and homogenization	Mass balance from prepared material to extracted juice and residuals
formulation_reconstitution	Formulation and reconstitution	conditional	Include when concentrate, water, salt, acid, or another declared ingredient is added or when blending standardizes the product	Foreground recipe and reconstitution control	Conditioned juice mass and declared recipe or soluble-solids basis
preservation_packaging	Preservation, filling, and packaging	required	Always included with the actual ambient, chilled, or frozen route	Foreground preservation, filling, closing, cooling or freezing, and packaging	1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice output
onsite_residuals_treatment	Onsite residuals and wastewater treatment	conditional	Include when wastewater, pomace, rejects, sludge, or other residuals are treated or recovered onsite	Foreground treatment, recovery, and direct release control	Received residual mass or volume and treatment outputs

Process: Raw material receipt and preparation (raw_receipt_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Tomatoes or declared tomato source material (source_tomatoes)

Record mature tomatoes received for direct extraction. For a from-concentrate-only facility, record the concentrate under the formulation process and report zero here with the route disclosed.

• Selected flow: Fresh tomatoes (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured accepted mass entering preparation, excluding returned loads and separately recorded packaging
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass
• Sources: fao-fruit-vegetable-processing-1995; us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
• Range: Provisional source-material screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 3000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice for the direct-extraction route
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Washing and preparation water (preparation_water)

Record supplied water used for source-material washing and preparation, excluding water already counted in a closed-loop internal transfer.

• Selected flow: Process water (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered or otherwise measured water entering the preparation operation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_use
• Sources: fao-fruit-vegetable-processing-1995
• Range: Provisional water-use QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30
  • Unit: m3
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared tomatoes transferred to extraction (prepared_tomatoes)

Calculate prepared material from measured accepted source material, sorting rejects, other removed material, and stock change.

• Selected flow: Prepared tomatoes, internal product flow (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Accepted source mass minus measured preparation rejects and other removed material, adjusted for measured stock change
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass
• Sources: mass-balance-identity
• Range: Provisional prepared-material balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 3000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Sorting and preparation rejects (preparation_rejects)

Record rejected tomatoes, foreign material, and other removed solids by actual destination; do not combine recovered product with disposed waste.

• Selected flow: Preparation rejects (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured rejected and removed mass by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: fao-fruit-vegetable-processing-1995
• Range: Provisional reject-mass QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Preparation wastewater (preparation_wastewater)

Record wastewater leaving preparation, including its destination and whether it enters onsite treatment or an external system.

• Selected flow: Preparation wastewater (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered discharge or calculated balance supported by water records and retained calculation inputs
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: mass-balance-identity
• Range: Provisional wastewater QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30
  • Unit: m3
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Juice extraction and finishing (juice_extraction_finishing)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared tomatoes or received juice intermediate (extraction_feed)

Record the measured internal prepared-tomato transfer or a received juice intermediate without double counting the source-material input.

• Selected flow: Prepared tomatoes or tomato juice intermediate (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured transfer into extraction and finishing
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_extraction_mass
• Sources: fao-fruit-vegetable-processing-1995
• Range: Provisional extraction-feed screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 3000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Electricity for extraction and finishing (extraction_electricity)

Record metered electricity for crushing, pumping, extraction, finishing, deaeration, homogenization, and associated line operation.

• Selected flow: Electricity supply (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Submetered electricity or allocated facility-meter electricity using a documented operating basis
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_metered_energy
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional electricity QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kWh
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Delivered thermal energy for extraction and finishing (extraction_thermal_energy)

Record steam, hot water, or fuel-derived heat used by the actual extraction and finishing route without embedding undocumented boiler efficiency.

• Selected flow: Delivered thermal energy carrier (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered delivered heat or measured fuel quantity converted with a documented supplier or laboratory heating value
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_metered_energy
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional thermal-energy QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 10000
  • Unit: MJ
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Extracted and finished tomato juice intermediate (extracted_juice)

Record the mass transferred from extraction and finishing to formulation or preservation.

• Selected flow: Extracted tomato juice intermediate (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured intermediate output, reconciled with feed, pomace, other residuals, and stock change
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_extraction_mass
• Sources: mass-balance-identity
• Range: Provisional extracted-juice balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 3000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Pomace, peel, seeds, and extraction residuals (extraction_residuals)

Record each materially different residual by actual recovery, feed, treatment, or disposal destination where records permit disaggregation.

• Selected flow: Tomato extraction residuals (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured residual mass by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: fao-fruit-vegetable-processing-1995
• Range: Provisional extraction-residual QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Formulation and reconstitution (formulation_reconstitution)

Inputs

Product flows

Extracted juice or purchased tomato juice concentrate (formulation_tomato_input)

Record extracted juice and purchased concentrate as separate input rows in the foreground dataset when both are used; this PCR row defines their shared role only.

• Selected flow: Extracted tomato juice or tomato juice concentrate (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured batch input by source-material form and supplier lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe_inputs
• Sources: us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
• Range: Provisional tomato-input screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 3000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice across direct and from-concentrate routes
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Reconstitution and recipe water (reconstitution_water)

Record water added to reconstitute concentrate or implement the declared recipe separately from cleaning water.

• Selected flow: Potable process water (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered or weighed batch addition
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe_inputs
• Sources: us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
• Range: Provisional reconstitution-water screening estimate
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Declared salt, acid, and other recipe ingredients (recipe_ingredients)

Record every added ingredient by identity, lot, and measured mass; zero is valid when no ingredient is added.

• Selected flow: Declared recipe ingredients (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed or supplier-recorded addition by ingredient
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe_inputs
• Sources: us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
• Range: Provisional ingredient-mass QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 200
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Conditioned tomato juice transferred to preservation (conditioned_juice)

Calculate conditioned juice from measured recipe inputs, recovered returns, measured losses, and stock change, then verify the declared product specification.

• Selected flow: Conditioned tomato juice intermediate (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Sum of measured recipe inputs and eligible returns minus measured losses, adjusted for stock change
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe_inputs
• Sources: mass-balance-identity; us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
• Range: Provisional conditioned-juice balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 900
  • Upper: 1500
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Preservation, filling, and packaging (preservation_packaging)

Inputs

Product flows

Conditioned tomato juice feed (preservation_feed)

Record the measured product entering the actual thermal, chilled, or frozen preservation and filling route.

• Selected flow: Conditioned tomato juice intermediate (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured transfer into preservation and filling
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_output
• Sources: fao-fruit-vegetable-processing-1995
• Range: Provisional preservation-feed balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 900
  • Upper: 1500
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Packaging materials (packaging_materials)

Record primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging separately in the foreground dataset and distinguish reusable packaging and pallets.

• Selected flow: Packaging materials by material and component (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Package count multiplied by verified unit mass, or direct measured issued mass minus returns
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_mass
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional packaging-mass QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 500
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Electricity for preservation and packaging (preservation_electricity)

Record metered electricity for pumping, heating systems, cooling or freezing, filling, closure, conveying, and packaging.

• Selected flow: Electricity supply (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Submetered electricity or allocated facility-meter electricity using documented operating evidence
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_metered_energy
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional preservation-electricity QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kWh
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Delivered thermal energy for preservation (preservation_thermal_energy)

Record delivered heat or fuel used for the actual validated preservation route and retain its measured conversion basis.

• Selected flow: Delivered thermal energy carrier (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered delivered heat or measured fuel quantity converted with a documented heating value
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_metered_energy
• Sources: fda-juice-haccp-2004
• Range: Provisional preservation-thermal-energy QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 10000
  • Unit: MJ
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Conforming tomato juice reference product (tomato_juice_reference_output)

This is the sole UUID-resolved reference product row. Measure conforming net output, exclude packaging mass, and normalize it to the PCR reference amount.

• Selected flow: Tomato juice 0e1f9da3-8a58-4fab-a793-1edde8bead88
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg; unit group Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
• Amount rule: Measured conforming net output normalized to exactly 1,000 kg
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_output
• Sources: mass-balance-identity; us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
• Range: Reference-output normalization check
  • Range role: Allowed range (allowed_range)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: PCR reference flow
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: mass-balance-identity

Waste flows

Off-specification product and filling losses (offspec_product)

Record off-specification product, start-up and shutdown losses, spills, and retained rework separately by actual destination.

• Selected flow: Off-specification tomato juice (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass by destination, with eligible internal rework excluded from final waste only after reconciliation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: mass-balance-identity
• Range: Provisional off-specification-product QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 500
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Packaging scrap and rejected containers (packaging_scrap)

Record packaging scrap and rejected containers by material and destination.

• Selected flow: Packaging scrap by material (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured scrap mass or rejected count multiplied by verified unit mass
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_mass
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional packaging-scrap QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 200
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Cleaning and filling wastewater (packaging_wastewater)

Record wastewater generated by cleaning, sterilization, cooling, filling, and packaging operations by destination.

• Selected flow: Process wastewater (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered discharge or retained water-balance calculation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: mass-balance-identity
• Range: Provisional cleaning-wastewater QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30
  • Unit: m3
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Refrigerant releases from onsite cooling or freezing (refrigerant_release)

Include only when the selected route uses onsite refrigeration and a charge-balance, service, or leak record supports a direct release.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant substance by actual identity (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Annual or campaign refrigerant loss allocated using documented equipment service and charge-balance records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice using the documented production allocation period
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional refrigerant-release QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process: Onsite residuals and wastewater treatment (onsite_residuals_treatment)

Inputs

Product flows

Electricity and treatment aids (treatment_inputs)

Disaggregate electricity and each treatment aid in the foreground dataset; this shared row defines the collection role for the conditional treatment process.

• Selected flow: Electricity and treatment aids by actual input (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh for electricity; Mass / kg for treatment aids
• Amount rule: Metered electricity and measured treatment-aid additions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_treatment_records
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional treatment-input screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg or kWh as applicable to the disaggregated row
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Wastewater and organic residuals received for onsite treatment (residuals_received)

Record internal wastewater, pomace, rejects, and other residuals without duplicating their originating process outputs.

• Selected flow: Residual received by actual waste identity (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3 or Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured internal transfer reconciled to originating process records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_treatment_records
• Sources: mass-balance-identity
• Range: Provisional received-residual QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 3000
  • Unit: kg or m3 as applicable to the disaggregated row
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Recovered material or energy coproduct (recovered_coproduct)

Record a recovered output as a product only when it has a documented recipient and substitutes a specified product or service; otherwise retain it as a waste flow.

• Selected flow: Recovered material or energy by actual product identity (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg or Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Measured dispatched quantity supported by recipient or sales records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_treatment_records
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional recovered-output screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg or MJ as applicable to the disaggregated row
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Treatment sludge and residual waste (treatment_residual_waste)

Record treatment sludge and other residual waste by measured mass, composition where required, and destination.

• Selected flow: Treatment residual waste by actual identity (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured dispatched or stored mass adjusted for stock change
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_treatment_records
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional treatment-residual QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Treated effluent and direct treatment releases (treated_effluent_release)

Record treated effluent volume and each measured direct pollutant or gas as separate elementary flows with the actual receiving compartment.

• Selected flow: Treated effluent and measured direct release by actual identity (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3 for effluent; substance-specific Mass / kg for pollutant releases
• Amount rule: Metered effluent and measured or permitted-monitoring-based direct release, disaggregated by substance and compartment
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional treated-effluent QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30
  • Unit: m3 for the effluent-volume row
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg conforming net tomato juice
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid_subdivide	multifunctional foreground operations	First seek process subdivision or expansion of separately measured operations so that tomato juice and recovered outputs receive directly attributable inputs and releases.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_physical_relation	unavoidable joint processing	When subdivision is not practicable and a physical causal relationship can be justified, allocate remaining shared burdens using that documented physical relationship and report the factor and sensitivity.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_other_relation	no defensible physical relation	When no defensible physical relation exists, use another documented relationship consistent with the study goal, such as economic value, and disclose prices, reference period, calculation, and sensitivity.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_residual_status	pomace, rejects, sludge, recovered materials, and energy	Do not assign coproduct status solely to avoid waste burdens. Record the actual destination and evidence of a useful product or service before applying coproduct allocation or substitution.	iso-14044-2006

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_mass	raw_receipt_preparation	accepted source material, prepared tomatoes, and preparation rejects	weighbridge, calibrated scale, receiving, and stock records	timestamp; batch; supplier lot; gross; tare; net mass; acceptance status; stock change; destination	Reconcile accepted deliveries, preparation output, rejects, returns, and inventory	kg	Each load or batch	At least one representative continuous production period, normally 12 months where available	All included lines and storage points at the reporting facility	Sum by product and route; subtract returns; reconcile opening and closing stock; normalize with calc_reference_normalization	Scale calibration, delivery tickets, batch records, stock reconciliation, and exception log
cp_water_use	raw_receipt_preparation; formulation_reconstitution; preservation_packaging	washing, recipe, cleaning, cooling, and other water	water meter, batch meter, or justified water balance	meter id; opening and closing reading; batch; use area; recycled volume; discharge volume	Meter each material water use where practicable and separate recipe water from cleaning and utility water	m3 or kg	Each batch or daily meter interval	Same representative period as product output	All included water users	Subtract documented recirculated internal water; aggregate by use and normalize with calc_reference_normalization	Meter calibration, meter map, batch sheet, and water-balance reconciliation
cp_extraction_mass	juice_extraction_finishing	extraction feed, juice intermediate, and extraction residuals	flowmeter, tank level, calibrated scale, and batch records	batch; input mass; intermediate output mass; residual mass; stock change; rework	Measure transfers and reconcile the extraction mass balance	kg	Each batch	Same representative period as product output	All included extraction and finishing lines	Sum accepted transfers; account for rework once; reconcile stock change and normalize	Instrument calibration, batch sheet, and signed mass-balance review
cp_recipe_inputs	formulation_reconstitution	concentrate, extracted juice, water, salt, acid, other ingredients, and conditioned juice	recipe system, batch scale, laboratory, and supplier lot records	batch; ingredient identity; lot; quantity; soluble-solids result; recipe revision; output mass; loss; stock change	Record each addition and verify the finished product against the declared recipe and product specification	kg and declared laboratory unit	Each batch	Same representative period as product output	Every included formulation tank and product variant	Aggregate by product variant; calculate with calc_reconstitution_balance; normalize	Scale calibration, recipe authorization, certificates, laboratory results, and deviation records
cp_metered_energy	juice_extraction_finishing; preservation_packaging; onsite_residuals_treatment	electricity, steam, hot water, fuels, refrigeration, and compressed air	submeter, utility invoice, fuel issue, and operating-hour record	meter id; opening and closing reading; fuel mass or volume; heating value; operating time; allocation driver	Prefer submeters; otherwise allocate facility totals with documented operating or engineering evidence	kWh or MJ	Continuous, batch, shift, or invoice interval	Same representative period as product output	All included equipment and shared utilities	Convert with documented factors; subtract exports; allocate shared use transparently; normalize	Meter calibration, invoices, fuel specifications, equipment logs, and allocation calculation
cp_packaging_mass	preservation_packaging	packaging issued, returned, rejected, and incorporated	bill of materials, count, supplier unit mass, and scale record	component; material; count; unit mass; issued; returned; rejected; reuse cycles	Calculate each component mass from verified count and unit mass or direct measurement	kg	Each packaging lot or product batch	Same representative period as product output	Primary, secondary, tertiary, and reusable packaging in scope	Issued minus returned stock; separate product packaging from scrap; normalize	Supplier specification, sampled unit-mass check, bill of materials, and stock record
cp_product_output	preservation_packaging	preservation feed, conforming net tomato juice, off-specification product, and rework	batch meter, filler count, checkweigher, tank record, and release record	batch; product code; route; gross; tare; net mass; package count; released mass; off-spec mass; rework; stock change	Measure conforming net product separately from packaging and reconcile preservation and filling outputs	kg	Each batch	Same representative period as all inventory inputs	Every included product and filling line	Sum released net mass; exclude packaging; account for rework once; normalize to 1,000 kg	Instrument calibration, quality release, checkweigher results, batch record, and reconciliation
cp_waste_records	all foreground processes	rejects, pomace, off-specification product, packaging scrap, wastewater, and other waste	scale, waste manifest, meter, invoice, and internal transfer record	waste identity; origin; mass or volume; destination; date; carrier; recovery status; stock change	Measure or reconcile each material waste stream and destination	kg or m3	Each dispatch, batch, or meter interval	Same representative period as product output	All included foreground processes	Sum by identity and destination; prevent duplicate internal transfers; normalize	Scale or meter calibration, manifests, invoices, treatment receipts, and stock records
cp_thermal_process	preservation_packaging	actual preservation process and release evidence	validated process schedule, temperature, time, flow, pressure, and deviation records	process authority or validation reference; product; pH or relevant property; temperature; residence time; flow rate; hold; deviation; disposition	Retain the site- and product-specific validated schedule and continuous or batch monitoring required by the selected process	Declared process units	Each batch with continuous records where applicable	Same representative period as product output and current validated process	Every included preservation line and product route	No averaging across failed critical limits; link each released batch to valid monitoring and deviation disposition	Validation study or process authority record, calibrated sensors, monitoring charts, deviation and release records
cp_treatment_records	onsite_residuals_treatment	received residuals, treatment inputs, recovered outputs, sludge, and stored material	meter, scale, treatment log, laboratory, dispatch, and stock record	stream identity; input; chemical; electricity; output; quality; destination; stock change	Reconcile each treatment operation and retain evidence for recovered product status	kg, m3, kWh, or MJ	Each batch, day, or dispatch	Same representative period as product output	All onsite residual treatment and recovery	Sum inputs and outputs; reconcile stock and moisture basis; normalize	Meter and scale calibration, laboratory reports, treatment logs, recipient evidence, and manifests
cp_direct_emissions	preservation_packaging; onsite_residuals_treatment	refrigerants, treated effluent, and measured direct releases	service record, charge balance, stack or effluent monitoring, and permit record	substance; compartment; measured value; method; detection limit; equipment; charge added or recovered; effluent volume; sampling period	Record each substance and compartment separately using measured or permitted-monitoring evidence	kg or m3	Per event and reporting interval	Same representative period as product output	All included direct release points	Apply documented sampling and allocation method; report below-detection treatment; normalize	Laboratory accreditation where applicable, calibration, service records, permits, and calculation file

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	every inventory amount	normalized amount = period or batch amount / conforming net tomato juice output × 1,000 kg	collected amount; conforming net product mass	amount per 1,000 kg reference product	mass-balance-identity
calc_process_mass_balance	each foreground process	measured inputs + opening stock = measured outputs + closing stock + quantified loss; report the unexplained difference and do not force it to zero	input, output, stock, rework, and loss records	reconciled mass balance and unexplained difference	mass-balance-identity
calc_reconstitution_balance	from-concentrate and formulation routes	conditioned juice mass = measured tomato input + measured recipe water + measured ingredients + eligible returns - measured losses, adjusted for stock change; verify the declared product specification from measured laboratory and recipe records	recipe inputs; returns; losses; stock change; laboratory results	conditioned juice mass and specification check	mass-balance-identity; us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
calc_energy_conversion	energy records	convert electricity to kWh and delivered fuel or heat to MJ using retained supplier or measured conversion data; do not assume an efficiency or heating value	meter readings; fuel quantity; heating value; conversion factor	kWh or MJ by process
calc_packaging_mass	packaging materials and scrap	component mass = verified component count × verified unit mass; reconcile issued, returned, incorporated, and rejected components	counts; sampled or supplier unit mass; stock movement	packaging and packaging-scrap mass by material
calc_allocation_factor	unavoidable shared burdens	calculate the selected physical or other relationship from period-matched records and document sensitivity to a reasonable alternative	separately attributable burdens; coproduct quantities; selected allocation driver	allocation factor and sensitivity result	iso-14044-2006

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	reference product and source materials	Verify product name, UUID for the reference flow, production route, recipe, product specification, preservation state, and package or bulk state.	Tiangong flow readback, batch specification, label or sales specification, and release record
dq_representativeness	all foreground data	State geography, technology, facility, reference period, seasonal coverage, capacity utilization, and material product variants; justify any proxy period or site.	Dataset metadata, production schedule, site description, and variance review
dq_completeness	process map and inventory	Cover every required process and every applicable conditional process; reconcile material, water, energy, waste, and direct-release records without double counting internal transfers.	Process flow diagram, meter map, mass and water balances, inventory reconciliation, and gap log
dq_measurement	collected and calculated values	Retain instrument identity, calibration or verification status, raw units, conversion factors, aggregation, and data owner.	Calibration certificates, raw exports, calculation workbook, and signed review
dq_thermal_validation	preservation and filling	Link each released product route to the current validated process and retain critical monitoring and deviation disposition; generic time-temperature values are not a substitute for route-specific validation.	Validated process schedule, process authority or equivalent evidence, monitoring records, deviations, and release approval
dq_provisional_ranges	every reasoned_estimate range	Treat the range only as a broad screening or QA prior. Replace it with foreground measurements or reviewed source evidence before publication-critical use and explain deviations rather than clipping data.	Range replacement log, foreground records, reviewed source, and reviewer disposition
dq_unresolved_uuid	non-reference inventory flows	Resolve and verify Tiangong UUIDs before active use where a database-backed identity is required; do not copy the tomato-juice reference UUID to another flow.	Tiangong identity readback and reviewer confirmation

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validation_reference_identity	reference flow	The reference product must be Tomato juice 0e1f9da3-8a58-4fab-a793-1edde8bead88 with Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, and kg; no other inventory flow may inherit this UUID by analogy.
validation_reference_amount	normalized inventory	Conforming net tomato juice output, excluding packaging, must equal exactly 1,000 kg after normalization and every reported inventory amount must state its basis.	mass-balance-identity
validation_required_qualifiers	dataset metadata	The data package must declare every required qualifier, including route, source material, product specification, ingredients, preservation, package or bulk state, storage condition, geography, reference period, technology, and facility.	us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
validation_process_coverage	process map	Every required process and each applicable conditional process must have inventory and collection evidence; excluded conditional processes must carry a reason.	fao-fruit-vegetable-processing-1995
validation_mass_balance	foreground processes	Each process must report measured inputs, outputs, stock change, rework, quantified loss, and unexplained balance difference; material differences require investigation and disclosure.	mass-balance-identity
validation_route_consistency	direct and from-concentrate routes	Source-material form, recipe water, concentrate input, process map, product label or specification, and upstream datasets must describe one consistent production route.	us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145
validation_preservation_evidence	preserved product release	The selected preservation route must have current product- and process-specific validation, monitored process records, and disposition of deviations; do not validate a dataset from generic guidance values alone.	fda-juice-haccp-2004
validation_allocation_disclosure	multifunctional operations	Report subdivision attempts, coproduct or waste status evidence, allocation method, factors, period-matched inputs, and sensitivity when allocation remains.	iso-14044-2006
validation_provisional_estimates	reasoned estimates	A value outside a provisional range is a review trigger, not an automatic failure. Publication-critical use requires replacement or explicit reviewer acceptance supported by evidence.
validation_uuid_resolution	non-reference inventory rows	Any non-reference Tiangong flow UUID left unresolved makes identity coverage incomplete and must be disclosed; invented or unverified UUIDs are prohibited.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground tomato-juice production data package normalized to 1,000 kg conforming net product
downstream_use	May support a secondary_dataset or background_dataset after methodology, identity, evidence, and review requirements are satisfied
allowed_use	Product- and route-matched LCI studies, supply-chain models, process improvement, and scenario analysis within the declared geography, period, technology, preservation, and packaging scope
excluded_use	Unqualified proxy for tomato paste, concentrated tomato juice, sauces, mixed juices, nectars, fermented beverages, cultivation, consumer use, or materially different production and preservation routes
required_metadata	Canonical PCR id; reference-flow UUIDs; required qualifiers; facility and geography; reference period; technology; direct or from-concentrate route; preservation; packaging; process coverage; upstream dataset identities; allocation; data owners; review state
required_quality_disclosure	Measurement coverage; data gaps; unresolved UUIDs; reasoned estimates; mass, water, and energy reconciliation; thermal-process evidence; allocation sensitivity; waste destinations; direct-release measurement; deviations and reviewer dispositions
update_trigger	Change in product specification, source-material form, recipe, preservation or packaging route, facility technology, supplier mix, allocation, validated process, material data gap, reference period, or Tiangong identity

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
us-ecfr-21-cfr-156-145	standard	U.S. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, 21 CFR 156.145, Tomato juice, https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-156/subpart-B/section-156.145, retrieved 2026-08-11	Tomato-juice identity, direct and from-concentrate routes, permitted processing and declared ingredients, and preservation-state requirements
fao-fruit-vegetable-processing-1995	official_guidance	FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin No. 119, Fruit and vegetable processing, section 9.5.1.1 Tomato juice, https://www.fao.org/4/V5030E/V5030E0r.htm, retrieved 2026-08-11	Candidate process decomposition from washing and sorting through extraction, finishing, preservation, filling, and cooling; not used as a mandatory numeric process schedule
fda-juice-haccp-2004	official_guidance	U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Guidance for Industry: Juice HACCP Hazards and Controls Guidance, First Edition, March 2004, https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/guidance-industry-juice-hazard-analysis-critical-control-point-hazards-and-controls-guidance-first, retrieved 2026-08-11	Requirement to retain product- and process-specific hazard analysis, validation, monitoring, critical process records, and deviation disposition; not used to impose a generic tomato-juice time-temperature value
iso-14044-2006	standard	ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines, https://www.iso.org/standard/38498.html, confirmed current in 2022 and retrieved 2026-08-11	LCI requirements, system-boundary disclosure, allocation hierarchy, reporting, and review framework
mass-balance-identity	method_factor	Conservation of mass applied to each foreground process with explicit stock change, rework, quantified loss, and unexplained balance difference	Process reconciliation, recipe balance, reference normalization, and validation