Coffee, decaffeinated or roasted · Calculation Rules

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	Every foreground exchange	Normalized amount = reporting-period exchange × 1 kg / reporting-period conforming net coffee output.	Atomic exchange total; conforming net output	Amount per reference flow	eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_coffee_mass_balance	Preparation, decaffeination, roasting, grinding, and packing	Opening coffee stock + coffee input = closing coffee stock + conforming transfer or product + each coffee-bearing waste + measured or calculated direct coffee-material loss, all on declared moisture bases.	Coffee masses; moisture; stocks; wastes; emissions	Process closure and unexplained difference	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019; cheron-bessou-coffee-lca-2024
calc_route_agent_balance	Each selected decaffeination agent	Opening stock + purchases = closing stock + recovered internal stock + product retention + exported recovery + waste + direct release.	Agent-specific inventory and measurements	Net make-up and route-specific loss	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019; shofinita-decaf-lca-2025
calc_shared_energy	Shared meters	Allocate only the un-submetered remainder using documented causal operating time, throughput, or measured load; disclose the driver and test sensitivity.	Shared meter; submetered use; causal driver	Process-specific utility amount	eu-bat-fdm-2019-2031; eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_stack_mass	Each direct air emission	Emitted mass = pollutant concentration × dry or wet gas flow × operating duration, with reference conditions, moisture, and oxygen corrections preserved.	Pollutant result; gas flow; duration; corrections	Pollutant-specific emitted mass	eu-bat-fdm-2019-2031
calc_packaging_mass	Each packaging component	Net component mass = issued mass + opening stock − closing stock − separately weighed scrap − documented returns.	Component issues; stocks; scrap; returns	Component mass in conforming shipments	eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_water_balance	Decaffeination, cleaning, and effluent handling	Water input = water in product or evaporated + wastewater transferred + direct release + sludge water + inventory change; report the unexplained remainder.	Metered water and all water outputs	Water-balance closure	eu-bat-fdm-2019-2031

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_primary_foreground	All foreground processes	Use site primary records for mass, water, energy, chemicals, packaging, wastes, and direct emissions; secondary estimates shall not replace available primary records.	Meter, invoice, batch, laboratory, and waste documentation
dq_representativeness	Dataset	Assess technological, geographical, temporal, and precision or uncertainty representativeness for every material input and direct emission.	Documented data-quality rating and dataset metadata
dq_completeness	Inventory	Demonstrate that every included process and every atomic row was recorded, calculated, or marked not applicable with a route-specific reason.	Completeness matrix and mass, agent, energy, packaging, and water reconciliations
dq_method_traceability	Tests and calculations	Preserve method version, samples, raw units, conversion factors, allocation drivers, and calculation workbook or query lineage.	Laboratory reports and reproducible calculation record
dq_no_unsupported_ranges	Important inventory rows	Do not publish a range until at least two independent original sources support compatible boundary, unit, and normalization bases.	Source comparison record or open unresolved_range_evidence

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	severity	source_ids
validate_identity_scope	Dataset identity	Product form is one covered CPC 23911 form and is not instant coffee, extract, preparation, beverage, substitute, or non-decaffeinated green coffee.	error	un-cpc-3-2025
validate_reference_mass	Reference flow	Reference output equals 1 kg net coffee with packaging excluded and all required qualifiers declared.	error	eu-pef-2021-2279
validate_reference_uuid	Reference flow	Release validation remains inconclusive until an exact public Tiangong reference-product UUID is resolved; an approximate flow shall not be substituted.	error
validate_route_exclusivity	Decaffeination	Exactly one route is declared when decaffeination is in scope; alternative route-agent rows are not applicable and solvent, carbon-dioxide, or water-route losses are not merged.	error	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
validate_process_applicability	Process map	Roasting is included only for roasted products, grinding only for ground products, and decaffeination only when performed in the foreground.	error	un-cpc-3-2025; eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
validate_mass_balance	Coffee processes	Coffee-material balances close within the facility's documented measurement uncertainty; unexplained differences are reported and reviewed.	error	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019; cheron-bessou-coffee-lca-2024
validate_resource_inventory	All processes	Water, steam, electricity, purchased heat, each fuel, each decaffeination agent, and each packaging component used are separate rows with source records.	error	eu-bat-fdm-2019-2031
validate_waste_emissions	All processes	Silverskin, rejected beans, dust, spent agents, wastewater, sludge, packaging scrap, and each direct emission are recorded separately when present.	error	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019; eu-bat-fdm-2019-2031
validate_decaf_claim	Decaffeinated product	A lot-linked caffeine test or legally applicable claim basis is present, with method and result traceable; ISO 20481 is an applicable analytical method.	error	iso-20481-2008
validate_eu_dcm_residue	EU-market dichloromethane route	When Directive 2009/32/EC applies, demonstrate the roasted-coffee dichloromethane residue limit of 2 mg/kg and applicable extraction-solvent requirements; otherwise document the governing jurisdiction.	error	eu-extraction-solvents-2009-32
validate_product_quality	Roasted and ground products	Declare moisture method for roasted ground coffee and particle-size method for ground coffee where applicable; ISO 11817 and ISO 23134 are acceptable method identities.	warning	iso-11817-1994; iso-23134-2022
validate_data_quality	Dataset	Completeness, temporal, geographical, technological, and precision assessments and all allocation choices are disclosed.	error	eu-pef-2021-2279
validate_ranges	Quantity ranges	No range may be added from one study, one point, incompatible bases, or equal lower and upper values.	error

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Site-specific foreground manufacturing package for one declared CPC 3.0 23911 coffee product and route
downstream_use	Projection to process and lifecyclemodel datasets and linkage to upstream green coffee, utilities, chemicals, packaging, and treatment datasets
allowed_use	Product carbon footprint or LCA studies when product form, route, geography, technology, period, allocation, and data quality are compatible
excluded_use	Generic substitution for instant coffee, coffee beverage preparation, cultivation, primary cherry processing, or an undeclared decaffeination route
required_metadata	PCR id and version; product form; route; caffeine status and test; roast and grind specifications; moisture basis; reference-flow qualifiers; site and period; process inclusion; UUID status; allocation; packaging; upstream links
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data share; meter and scale coverage; mass, solvent, energy, packaging, and water balance closure; data-quality ratings; not-applicable rows; uncertainty; unresolved UUID and range-evidence status
update_trigger	Product or route change; new decaffeination agent; equipment or control change; packaging specification change; material supplier or energy change; reporting-period refresh; regulatory or analytical-method change; exact reference UUID becoming available

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-2025	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 structure and explanatory notes, class 23911, 2025, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-24)	Category identity and exclusions
eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019	official_guidance	European Commission Joint Research Centre, Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries, JRC118627, 2019, DOI: 10.2760/243911, https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC118627 (official original text locally verified)	Coffee process sequence, alternative decaffeination routes, roasting, cooling, grinding, packing, silverskin, and emission identities; no quantity range inferred
eu-bat-fdm-2019-2031	standard	Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/2031 establishing BAT conclusions for the food, drink and milk industries, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec_impl/2019/2031/oj/eng (retrieved 2026-08-24)	Water, energy, raw-material, wastewater, waste-gas, residue, monitoring, and energy-management records
eu-pef-2021-2279	official_guidance	Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on Environmental Footprint methods, consolidated text, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/2021-12-30/eng (retrieved 2026-08-24)	Functional unit, completeness, company-specific foreground data, data quality, and allocation hierarchy
eu-extraction-solvents-2009-32	standard	Directive 2009/32/EC on extraction solvents, consolidated 2023-02-16, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2009/32/2023-02-16/eng (retrieved 2026-08-24)	EU-conditional ethyl acetate, carbon dioxide, and dichloromethane use and roasted-coffee dichloromethane residue requirement
iso-20481-2008	standard	ISO 20481:2008, Coffee and coffee products — Determination of the caffeine content using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) — Reference method, https://www.iso.org/standard/34185.html (retrieved 2026-08-24)	Identity and applicability of caffeine testing method
iso-11817-1994	standard	ISO 11817:1994, Roasted ground coffee — Determination of moisture content — Karl Fischer method (Reference method), https://www.iso.org/standard/20100.html (retrieved 2026-08-24)	Identity and applicability of roasted-ground-coffee moisture method
iso-23134-2022	standard	ISO 23134:2022, Coffee and coffee products — Determination of particle size of ground roasted coffee — Horizontal sieving motion method using circular brushes, https://www.iso.org/standard/74672.html (retrieved 2026-08-24)	Identity and applicability of ground-coffee particle-size method
cheron-bessou-coffee-lca-2024	literature	Chéron-Bessou et al., Unravelling life cycle impacts of coffee: Why do results differ so much among studies?, Sustainable Production and Consumption, 2024, DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.04.005, https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/85847/1/85847.pdf (full text verified 2026-08-24)	Functional-unit qualifiers, primary data and mass-balance expectations, secondary processing and packaging scope, and variability caution; no quantity range inferred
shofinita-decaf-lca-2025	literature	Shofinita et al., Life Cycle Assessment of Decaffeinated Coffee Beans Production, Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences 57(3), 2025, DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2025.57.3.3, https://jets.itb.ac.id/jets/article/download/115/182 (full text verified 2026-08-24)	Ethyl-acetate and dichloromethane route decomposition, steaming, extraction, stripping, drying, electricity, and steam or heat; single-study quantities not used as ranges