Soy milk

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR governs foreground data production for finished, non-fermented soy milk at the manufacturing plant gate. It covers soy beverages made from soybeans and/or soy derivatives and water, including plain, composite or flavoured, and lower-protein soybean-based beverages when they are placed in the soy-milk product category. The declared Codex product subtype, protein content, formulation, heat-treatment route, packaging format, and storage condition determine the concrete product represented.

The foreground boundary begins when soybeans, soy derivatives, water, ingredients, processing aids, cleaning materials, fuels, electricity, and packaging materials are received at the manufacturing site. It includes preparation, aqueous extraction or reconstitution, separation where performed, formulation and standardisation, homogenisation, heat treatment, filling and packaging, on-site finished-product handling, sanitation, utilities, product losses, residues, wastewater, direct emissions, and co-products. Upstream production of received materials and energy is represented by linked upstream datasets rather than recreated inside the foreground processes.

Fermented soy beverages, soybean curd or tofu, compressed or dehydrated soybean curd products, soy-protein ingredients sold as ingredients, unfinished soy base, dairy milk, mixed beverages classified outside CPC 24423, and other non-animal milks are excluded. Distribution after the plant gate, retail, consumer refrigeration or preparation, consumption, and packaging end-of-life are outside the foreground boundary. This PCR does not certify food safety, legal compliance, nutrition claims, or product comparability.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.beverages.soy-milk
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 24423 — Soy milk
covered_products	Finished non-fermented soy milk and soybean beverages made principally from soybeans and/or soy derivatives and water, including plain, composite or flavoured, and soybean-based beverage subtypes when classified as CPC 24423
excluded_products	Fermented soy beverages; tofu and other soybean-curd products; compressed or dehydrated soybean curd; soy flour, concentrate, isolate, unfinished soy base, or other ingredients sold for further processing; dairy milk; mixed drinks outside CPC 24423; coconut, almond, rice, oat, and other non-animal milks
representative_product	Net finished non-fermented soy milk, ready for sale or further distribution at the manufacturing plant gate, excluding packaging mass
production_route	Receipt of soy raw material; preparation and aqueous extraction or derivative reconstitution; separation where applicable; formulation and standardisation; homogenisation and declared heat treatment; filling, packaging, and finished-product handling, with sanitation and utilities recorded
market_state	Liquid finished beverage at the plant gate in the declared bulk or consumer packaging, with declared storage condition, product subtype, formulation, protein content, and heat-treatment status

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Supply finished, non-fermented soy milk with the declared product subtype, formulation, treatment, packaging format, and storage condition
How much	1 kg net soy milk at the manufacturing plant gate, excluding primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging mass
How well	Meets the declared product specification and applicable compositional, quality, and microbiological requirements; the foreground package records actual composition and conformity evidence without asserting certification
How long or cycle	One production lot or an explicitly aggregated production period ending at plant-gate release; no use-stage service life is assigned
reference_flow_link	1 kg net conforming finished soy milk output equals 1 kg of the reference product flow

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg net finished soy milk
Reference product flow	Soy milk b0bd96e4-7b19-4d9c-8d80-ea47b97bbde3
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	Codex product subtype; protein content on the declared analytical basis; soy input form and species or source description; formulation and optional ingredients; sweetened or flavoured status; heat-treatment route; packaging format and nominal fill size; net product mass; storage condition; production geography; production period or lot; allocation treatment for marketable co-products

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comments, product descriptions, or equivalent data-package fields. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_net_mass	Reference soy milk output	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Measure conforming beverage net mass after filling or at the equivalent bulk plant-gate point; exclude all packaging mass and separately record rework, rejects, samples, spills, and other non-reference product.
ingredient_process_water_separation	Water inputs	Volume or Mass with declared density and temperature basis	m3 or kg	Record water incorporated into product separately from extraction, rinsing, cooling, boiler, sanitation, and other process water; document any reuse so the same water is not counted twice.
soy_material_basis	Soybeans and soy-derived ingredients	Mass	kg	Record as-received mass and declare moisture or solids basis when used for yield, composition, or allocation calculations; do not mix dry-matter and as-received values without an auditable conversion.
energy_carrier_separation	Electricity, fuels, steam, heat, and refrigeration	Carrier-appropriate energy or physical property	kWh, MJ, kg, or m3	Meter or calculate each energy carrier separately, retain conversion factors and lower- or higher-heating-value basis where relevant, and avoid counting purchased steam or heat again as on-site fuel.
coproduct_state_basis	Okara, recovered soy solids, and other co-products	Mass	kg	Record wet mass, moisture or dry-matter content, market status, and destination at the point the co-product leaves the foreground process; allocation factors must use a consistent declared basis.
packaging_mass_separation	Primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging	Mass	kg	Record packaging inputs and scrap by material and packaging level, but exclude packaging mass from the 1 kg reference product amount.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Soybeans or soy-derived ingredients, water, optional ingredients, processing aids, packaging materials, fuels, and purchased energy received at the manufacturing site with quantity, supplier or source, material state, and upstream dataset link declared
starting_condition_role	Manufacturing-gate foreground starting point; cultivation, production of soy derivatives and ingredients, energy generation, packaging manufacture, and inbound supply-chain operations are represented by upstream datasets
product_classification_scope	Finished non-fermented soy milk classified as CPC 3.0 code 24423; adjacent non-animal milks, unfinished soy intermediates, fermented products, and soybean-curd products are outside scope
recursive_input_rule	If purchased soy milk or an intermediate represented by the same canonical product category enters the site, record it once as an upstream product input with its state, quantity, supplier boundary, and dataset; do not reopen its internal manufacturing chain inside the receiving foreground process
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use temporally, geographically, and technologically representative datasets for soybeans or soy derivatives, other ingredients, water supply, electricity, fuels or heat, refrigerants, cleaning agents, packaging materials, transport where included in study scope, and off-site waste or wastewater treatment
disclosure	Declare whole-bean versus soy-derivative route, extraction and separation configuration, product subtype and formulation, treatment and storage route, included packaging levels, co-product status and allocation, water reuse, sanitation boundary, on-site versus off-site wastewater treatment, data period, site coverage, and all exclusions or data gaps

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	Sources
boundary_foreground_gate	Manufacturing foreground	Include all on-site operations from receipt of materials through release of conforming packaged or bulk soy milk at the plant gate, including support utilities and sanitation attributable to production.	codex-cxs-322r-2015; eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
boundary_upstream_links	Received product and energy inputs	Link received soy raw materials, ingredients, packaging, fuels, electricity, heat, and other technosphere inputs to appropriate upstream datasets; do not duplicate their upstream processes inside the foreground package.	us-epa-lca-2006
boundary_packaging	Packaging	Include packaging materials consumed and packaging scrap generated at the site; exclude packaging mass from reference net product mass and disclose which packaging levels are included.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
boundary_cleaning_losses	Cleaning, product losses, and residues	Include cleaning water and chemicals, recoverable product, spills, off-specification product, separated solids, wastewater, and treatment residues; record recovery or reuse before any disposal flow.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
boundary_direct_releases	Direct elementary flows	Record measured or calculated direct releases from on-site combustion, refrigeration losses, wastewater treatment, and other included operations; do not substitute generic impact results for elementary-flow inventory.	us-epa-lca-2006
boundary_no_silent_cutoff	Completeness	Do not omit a known material, energy, water, product, co-product, waste, wastewater, or direct-emission flow solely because it is difficult to measure; document any excluded flow, rationale, expected significance, and effect on completeness.	us-epa-lca-2006

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
soy_receiving_preparation	Soy raw-material receiving and preparation	required	Always include receipt and storage; cleaning, sorting, soaking, dehulling, and size reduction apply according to the declared soy input form	Establish traceable soy and ingredient inputs ready for extraction or reconstitution	kg prepared soy material transferred, reconciled to the reference flow
aqueous_extraction_separation	Aqueous extraction, heating, and separation	conditional	Required for whole-bean or flour extraction routes; for direct soy-derivative reconstitution, declare this process not operated and link the derivative upstream	Produce soy liquid or base and separate fibre or insoluble solids where performed	kg soy liquid or base transferred, with soy solids and water balance
formulation_standardisation	Formulation and standardisation	required	Include blending of soy liquid or derivative, water, optional ingredients, and processing aids for the declared product subtype	Establish final recipe, protein or solids basis, and batch identity	kg formulated beverage transferred, reconciled to recipe and batch records
homogenisation_heat_treatment	Homogenisation, heat treatment, and cooling	required	Record the actual homogenisation, pasteurisation, UHT, sterilisation, hot-fill, cooling, or aseptic route; identify any operation not used	Produce stable treated beverage meeting the declared release specification	kg treated beverage transferred, reconciled to temperature-time and loss records
filling_packaging_storage	Filling, packaging, and finished-product handling	required	Include bulk loadout or all operated filling, sealing, coding, secondary packaging, cooling, and on-site finished storage	Produce the reference output ready for plant-gate release	1 kg net conforming soy milk output
sanitation_utilities_wastewater	Sanitation, utilities, and wastewater management	required	Include shared or dedicated support loads attributable to the foreground processes, with allocation or metering basis disclosed	Capture cleaning, utility, recovery, wastewater, waste, and direct-emission flows that support production	support activity normalised to 1 kg net conforming soy milk

Process: Soy raw-material receiving and preparation (soy_receiving_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Soybeans or soy-derived raw material received (soy_raw_material_received)

Record each soy input by supplier, lot, product form, as-received mass, moisture or solids basis where relevant, and intended route. Whole soybeans and soy flour, concentrate, isolate, or other derivatives must remain distinguishable.

• Selected flow: Soybeans or soy-derived ingredient, by declared form
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured accepted quantity transferred from receiving records, adjusted only by documented stock change
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_receipts
• Sources: codex-cxs-322r-2015

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared soy material (prepared_soy_material)

Record the weighed soy material transferred to extraction or reconstitution after any cleaning, sorting, soaking, dehulling, or size reduction, retaining its material state and batch link.

• Selected flow: Prepared soy material, facility intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer mass or calculated batch balance from verified preparation records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_batch_mass_balance

Waste flows

Rejected soy material and foreign matter (soy_preparation_rejects)

Record rejects, screenings, hulls, dust collected as waste, and their actual recovery, treatment, or disposal route; marketable hulls or other co-products are recorded as product outputs instead.

• Selected flow: Soy preparation rejects, declared state
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured container or dispatch mass, corrected for tare
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_waste_records

Elementary flows

Preparation dust released to air (preparation_dust_to_air)

Record direct particulate release only where handling or size reduction vents to the environment; captured dust remains a waste or recovered material flow.

• Selected flow: Particulate matter to air, matching measured fraction
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured release or calculated value from monitored exhaust activity and a documented factor
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions

Process: Aqueous extraction, heating, and separation (aqueous_extraction_separation)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared soy feed (prepared_soy_feed_input)

Record the matched prepared-soy batch entering aqueous extraction or reconstitution.

• Selected flow: Prepared soy material, facility intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured batch transfer from prepared_soy_material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_batch_mass_balance

Extraction or reconstitution water (extraction_water)

Record water added to elute soy protein and other components or to reconstitute a soy derivative, separately from cleaning and utility water.

• Selected flow: Process water supplied to production
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3 or Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured batch or dedicated-meter consumption, with density conversion documented if mass is reported
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-322r-2015

Extraction electricity and thermal energy (extraction_energy)

Record electricity, steam, direct fuel, or other heat used for grinding, pumping, extraction heating, anti-nutrient control, and separation as distinct carrier records.

• Selected flow: Electricity and thermal-energy carriers, by actual supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy or carrier-appropriate property / kWh, MJ, kg, or m3
• Amount rule: metered consumption or engineering calculation from collected operating data and documented conversion factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Outputs

Product flows

Soy liquid or standardisation base (soy_liquid_base)

Record the soy liquid transferred to formulation with measured mass, solids or protein basis, temperature, and batch identity.

• Selected flow: Soy liquid or base, facility intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer mass reconciled with input water, soy material, separated solids, and losses
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_batch_mass_balance

Marketable okara or recovered soy solids (okara_coproduct)

Record separated soy fibre or solids as a product output only when it has a documented recipient or market use; otherwise classify it as waste. Retain wet mass, moisture or dry matter, and destination.

• Selected flow: Okara or recovered soy solids, declared market state
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured dispatch or transfer mass with moisture or dry-matter result
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_coproduct_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-322r-2015; eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

Waste flows

Non-marketable soy residue (soy_residue_waste)

Record separated material with no product use, contaminated recovery material, and off-specification solids by actual treatment destination.

• Selected flow: Soy processing residue, declared waste state
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured container or dispatch mass, corrected for tare
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_waste_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

Elementary flows

Extraction-area wastewater released to environment (extraction_wastewater_release)

Use this elementary-flow row only for a monitored direct discharge after the included treatment boundary. Wastewater sent to another process or off-site treatment remains a waste or product flow.

• Selected flow: Waterborne emissions by measured substance
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: discharge volume multiplied by measured concentration for each reported substance, with sampling and averaging basis retained
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

Process: Formulation and standardisation (formulation_standardisation)

Inputs

Product flows

Soy liquid or soy derivative for formulation (soy_base_for_formulation)

Record the matched soy liquid from extraction or the received soy derivative used in a direct-reconstitution route.

• Selected flow: Soy liquid, base, or derivative by declared form
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured batch issue and transfer quantity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe_batch_records

Formulation water (formulation_water)

Record water intentionally incorporated during formulation separately from extraction, cleaning, and utility water.

• Selected flow: Ingredient water supplied to formulation
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3 or Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured batch addition with density and temperature basis retained where conversion is required
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe_batch_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-322r-2015

Optional ingredients and processing aids (optional_ingredients_aids)

Record each sugar, oil, salt, flavour, stabiliser, vitamin or mineral premix, and processing aid separately with specification, lot, recipe quantity, and carry-over or removal treatment.

• Selected flow: Declared ingredient or processing aid
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured batch issue from recipe and inventory records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe_batch_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-322r-2015

Outputs

Product flows

Formulated and standardised soy beverage (formulated_soy_beverage)

Record the batch transferred to homogenisation or heat treatment with total mass, measured protein or solids basis, formulation identity, and conformity status.

• Selected flow: Formulated soy beverage, facility intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured batch transfer reconciled to recipe inputs, samples, rework, and losses
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe_batch_records

Waste flows

Formulation rejects and unrecovered product (formulation_rejects)

Record off-specification batches, filter residues, and unrecovered formulation losses by rework, recovery, wastewater, or disposal destination.

• Selected flow: Off-specification soy beverage or formulation residue
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured rejected or dispatched mass, excluding quantities demonstrably returned to the same product batch
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_waste_records

Elementary flows

Process: Homogenisation, heat treatment, and cooling (homogenisation_heat_treatment)

Inputs

Product flows

Formulated beverage feed (formulated_beverage_feed)

Record the matched formulated batch entering treatment.

• Selected flow: Formulated soy beverage, facility intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer mass from formulated_soy_beverage
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_treatment_records

Treatment energy and cooling services (treatment_energy_cooling)

Record electricity, steam, fuel, purchased heat, refrigeration, and cooling-water use by carrier and actual treatment route.

• Selected flow: Electricity, heat, fuel, refrigeration, and cooling-water services by actual supply
• Flow property / unit: Carrier-appropriate energy or physical property / kWh, MJ, kg, or m3
• Amount rule: metered consumption or calculation from collected operating hours, loads, flows, and documented conversion factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Outputs

Product flows

Treated soy milk before filling (treated_soy_milk)

Record mass transferred to filling together with the actual homogenisation conditions, time-temperature record, cooling or aseptic status, samples, rework, and losses.

• Selected flow: Treated soy milk, facility intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer mass reconciled to treatment feed, retained product, samples, rework, and losses
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_treatment_records

Waste flows

Treatment start-up, shutdown, and reject losses (treatment_product_losses)

Record soy beverage removed during start-up, shutdown, interface, sampling, equipment failure, or release testing, distinguishing rework, recovery, wastewater, and disposal.

• Selected flow: Soy beverage treatment loss, declared destination
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured or mass-balance-derived quantity by event and destination
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_batch_mass_balance
• Sources: eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

Elementary flows

Treatment-related direct air emissions (treatment_direct_air_emissions)

Record direct combustion emissions and verified refrigerant losses attributable to treatment; purchased electricity and heat remain product inputs with upstream datasets.

• Selected flow: Relevant elementary flow to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured release or calculated value from collected fuel, refrigerant, and operating records with documented factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions

Process: Filling, packaging, and finished-product handling (filling_packaging_storage)

Inputs

Product flows

Treated soy milk for filling (treated_soy_milk_for_filling)

Record the matched treated beverage transferred to bulk loadout or the filling line.

• Selected flow: Treated soy milk, facility intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer mass from treated_soy_milk
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_release_records

Packaging materials (packaging_materials)

Record primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging issued to production by material, component, mass, supplier, recycled-content declaration where used, and packaging level.

• Selected flow: Packaging component by declared material and level
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured issue less verified return to stock, reconciled to packed units and packaging scrap
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_release_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

Filling and storage electricity (filling_storage_electricity)

Record metered or allocated electricity for filling, sealing, coding, conveyors, secondary packaging, cooling, and on-site finished storage through plant-gate release.

• Selected flow: Purchased electricity by actual supply mix
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: dedicated meter reading or documented allocation from equipment load and operating time
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Outputs

Product flows

Net finished soy milk at plant gate (finished_soy_milk_reference)

This is the quantitative reference output. Count only released, conforming net beverage mass and exclude packaging, rework still inside the system, retained samples, rejects, and unshipped losses.

• Selected flow: Soy milk b0bd96e4-7b19-4d9c-8d80-ea47b97bbde3
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: fixed reference amount of 1 kg after normalising collected plant-gate release mass
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg net conforming soy milk at plant gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
• Sources: unsd-cpc-3-2025; codex-cxs-322r-2015

Waste flows

Packaging scrap (packaging_scrap)

Record start-up scrap, damaged components, trim, rejected packs, and collected packaging waste by material and recovery or disposal route.

• Selected flow: Packaging waste by material and treatment route
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured collection or dispatch mass reconciled to packaging issue and packed units
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_waste_records

Filling rejects and product loss (filling_product_loss)

Record leaking or underfilled packs, filler start-up and shutdown losses, samples, and damaged finished product by rework, recovery, wastewater, or disposal route.

• Selected flow: Soy milk filling loss, declared destination
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured rejected units and net contents plus separately measured bulk loss
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_release_records

Elementary flows

Process: Sanitation, utilities, and wastewater management (sanitation_utilities_wastewater)

Inputs

Product flows

Cleaning and sanitation water (sanitation_water)

Record pre-rinse, cleaning-in-place, open-plant cleaning, disinfection, and final-rinse water separately where meters or batch systems permit, including recovered or reused water without double counting.

• Selected flow: Water supplied for cleaning and sanitation
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: dedicated meter, CIP batch volume, or documented allocation from site water balance
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_sanitation_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

Cleaning chemicals and disinfectants (cleaning_chemicals)

Record each purchased cleaning agent, disinfectant, and neutralisation chemical by active concentration where available, replenishment, recovery, and disposal route.

• Selected flow: Cleaning or sanitation chemical by formulation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured issue or purchase-and-stock balance, excluding returned unused material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sanitation_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

Shared utility energy (shared_utility_energy)

Record energy for boilers, compressed air, refrigeration, pumps, water treatment, cleaning, and wastewater treatment that was not already assigned to a production process.

• Selected flow: Electricity, fuel, steam, heat, or refrigeration service by actual supply
• Flow property / unit: Carrier-appropriate energy or physical property / kWh, MJ, kg, or m3
• Amount rule: metered support-process consumption or documented allocation from operating records, excluding energy already assigned elsewhere
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Outputs

Product flows

Recovered product or cleaning solution (recovered_material)

Record product, rinse water, or cleaning solution returned for controlled reuse as an internal product output and matched input; do not count internal circulation as a new net product.

• Selected flow: Recovered product, water, or cleaning solution, facility intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass or Volume / kg or m3
• Amount rule: measured recovered quantity linked to the receiving batch or reuse tank
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sanitation_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

Waste flows

Wastewater sent to treatment (wastewater_to_treatment)

Record wastewater volume, destination, and measured characteristics at the transfer point. Keep wastewater sent to an on-site or off-site treatment process as a waste flow rather than an elementary discharge.

• Selected flow: Food-processing wastewater to declared treatment
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: monitored discharge volume, reconciled with water inputs, incorporated water, reuse, evaporation, and other outputs
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

Wastewater-treatment sludge and separated residues (wastewater_sludge_residues)

Record screenings, fats, solids, sludge, and spent treatment materials separately with moisture basis and actual recovery or disposal destination.

• Selected flow: Wastewater-treatment residue by declared state
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured dispatch or container mass, corrected for tare and retaining moisture basis
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_waste_records

Elementary flows

Treated wastewater emissions (treated_wastewater_emissions)

Where on-site treatment discharges directly to the environment, record waterborne substances from monitored flow and concentration at the final discharge point.

• Selected flow: Waterborne emissions by measured substance
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: monitored discharge volume multiplied by representative measured concentration for each substance
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming soy milk
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	Sources
allocation_avoid_first	Shared processes and co-products	Avoid allocation first by separately metering or subdividing extraction, formulation, treatment, packaging, sanitation, and utility operations; use system expansion only when the downstream function and substituted product are explicitly modelled and justified for the study goal.	us-epa-lca-2006
allocation_coproduct_status	Okara, recovered soy solids, and recovered product	Establish whether each output is a marketable product, internally recycled material, or waste from documented destination and acceptance evidence before assigning burdens or credits.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
allocation_physical_relation	Unavoidable shared burdens	If allocation cannot be avoided, use a documented physical causal relationship that reflects how the shared input or output changes with the products or functions; simple wet-mass allocation is not automatically valid, particularly when moisture differs.	us-epa-lca-2006
allocation_other_relation	No defensible physical relation	Use another relationship, such as economic value, only when a physical relationship cannot be established; record prices, reference period, currency, market condition, calculation, and sensitivity to the chosen relationship.	us-epa-lca-2006
allocation_no_avoided_burden_default	Waste recovery and co-product use	Do not apply avoided-burden credits by default. Model a substitution scenario only when required by the downstream study, with substituted function, market, quality equivalence, and displacement assumption disclosed separately from the foreground inventory.	us-epa-lca-2006
allocation_rework_internal	Rework and internal recycling	Treat material returned within the same foreground system as an internal transfer; retain the original material and energy burdens and record any additional reprocessing inputs and losses without creating a second product credit.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_receipts	soy_receiving_preparation	received soy and other materials	weighbridge, receiving, invoice, specification, and stock records	supplier; lot; material form; accepted and rejected mass; moisture or solids basis where relevant; opening and closing stock; specification	reconcile receipts, issues, returns, and stock change by material and lot	kg	each receipt and inventory period	same production period as reference output, including opening and closing stock	all facilities and warehouses supplying the declared foreground site	accepted input = receipts + opening stock − closing stock − documented returns; normalise by reference output	calibrated scale records; supplier specification; lot traceability; stock reconciliation
cp_batch_mass_balance	soy_receiving_preparation; aqueous_extraction_separation; homogenisation_heat_treatment	intermediate transfers and losses	batch sheet, tank level, inline meter, scale, and loss-event records	batch id; input and output masses; tank heel; sample; spill; reject; rework; moisture or solids; timestamps	reconcile each linked batch across transfer points and retain unexplained difference	kg	each batch or production run	all batches represented by the dataset	declared site and included lines	aggregate only after batch reconciliation; divide period totals by net conforming output	meter or scale calibration; signed batch records; reconciliation report
cp_water_records	aqueous_extraction_separation; formulation_standardisation	ingredient, extraction, cooling, and process water	dedicated meters, batch additions, tank records, and site water balance	source; meter; purpose; volume; temperature; density if converted; reuse origin and destination	meter by use where available; otherwise documented allocation from reconciled site balance	m3 or kg	continuous, batch, or billing interval	full production period, including start-up and shutdown	all included production and utility areas	separate incorporated, process, reused, evaporated, and discharged water; avoid double counting reused streams	meter calibration; batch sheet; utility bill; water-balance reconciliation
cp_recipe_batch_records	formulation_standardisation	recipe inputs and formulated output	approved recipe, material issue, batch sheet, laboratory result, and release record	product code; batch; ingredient lot and quantity; water; aid; rework; protein or solids; output; reject	reconcile approved recipe with actual issued quantities and measured batch output	kg	each batch	all represented product batches	all included formulations and lines	aggregate by product subtype only after retaining formulation-specific totals	approved recipe; lot genealogy; laboratory certificate; batch release
cp_treatment_records	homogenisation_heat_treatment	treatment feed, output, and operating condition	flow meter, batch record, time-temperature logger, pressure record, and release test	batch; feed and output mass; homogenisation setting; temperature; hold time; cooling; rework; reject	link continuous or batch treatment records to product lots and transfer quantities	kg and process-specific units	each run with continuous critical-parameter logging where applicable	all represented treatment runs	each treatment line and declared route	aggregate only runs with matched feed, output, and release status	calibrated instruments; logger completeness; release authorisation
cp_energy_records	aqueous_extraction_separation; homogenisation_heat_treatment; filling_packaging_storage; sanitation_utilities_wastewater	electricity, fuel, steam, heat, refrigeration, and shared utilities	meter, invoice, fuel issue, boiler, refrigeration, and equipment operating records	carrier; meter; quantity; period; equipment or area; operating hours; conversion factor; heating-value basis; allocation driver	use dedicated meters first; otherwise calculate from verified operating data or allocate shared totals with documented driver	kWh, MJ, kg, or m3	continuous, shift, batch, or billing interval	full production period including non-production support loads	all included process and utility areas	reconcile carrier totals to invoices and stocks; prevent double counting across processes	meter calibration; invoice; stock balance; calculation sheet; allocation review
cp_packaging_release_records	filling_packaging_storage	packaging inputs, packed output, and filling losses	packaging issue and return, bill of materials, line count, checkweigher, scrap, and release records	component; material; packaging level; unit mass; issued and returned units; good packs; rejects; nominal and measured net fill	reconcile packaging issue with returned stock, conforming packs, and scrap; determine net beverage mass from validated fill records	kg and units	each packaging run	all represented packaging runs and storage through release	all included filling lines and packaging levels	sum net conforming beverage mass only; keep packaging mass separate	packaging specification; scale or checkweigher calibration; line reconciliation; release record
cp_coproduct_records	aqueous_extraction_separation	okara and recovered soy solids	scale, moisture test, transfer, sales, recipient, and dispatch records	output id; wet mass; tare; moisture or dry matter; destination; recipient acceptance; price if economic allocation is used	weigh each transfer or dispatch and link analytical and destination evidence	kg	each transfer or dispatch	full production period	all separation lines and co-product destinations	aggregate by consistent state and destination; convert basis only with measured moisture	calibrated scale; laboratory result; dispatch and recipient record
cp_sanitation_records	sanitation_utilities_wastewater	cleaning water, chemicals, recovery, and sanitation cycles	CIP recipe and cycle log, chemical issue, conductivity, turbidity, pH, temperature, flow, and recovery record	circuit; cycle; water; chemical; concentration; time; temperature; conductivity; turbidity; pH; recovered quantity	capture automated logs or signed manual records and link each cycle to equipment and production period	m3, kg, and process-specific units	each cleaning cycle	all sanitation cycles attributable to represented production	all included circuits and open-cleaning areas	allocate shared cycles by documented causal driver and preserve cycle totals	instrument calibration; recipe approval; cycle-completion record; recovery log
cp_wastewater_records	aqueous_extraction_separation; sanitation_utilities_wastewater	wastewater and waterborne emissions	flow meter, sampling, laboratory, transfer, treatment, and discharge records	stream; volume; sampling time; pH; temperature; COD, BOD, TSS, nitrogen, phosphorus, oils or other measured substances; treatment; destination	monitor flow at relevant transfer and discharge points and pair representative concentrations with matched volume	m3 and kg substance	continuous flow where available and sampling at declared frequency	full production period, including cleaning and non-routine discharges	all included drains, treatment units, and discharge points	calculate substance mass from matched volume and concentration; keep off-site transfer separate from direct discharge	meter calibration; chain of custody; laboratory method and result; permit or transfer record
cp_residue_waste_records	all process ids	rejects, residues, packaging scrap, sludge, and other waste	container weights, waste log, manifest, transfer, recovery, and disposal records	material; source process; gross and tare mass; moisture; hazard status; destination; recovery or disposal operation	weigh at collection or dispatch and reconcile internal transfers to final destination	kg	each container or dispatch	full production period	all included process and waste-handling areas	aggregate only equivalent material states and destinations; avoid counting internal transfer twice	calibrated scale; waste manifest; contractor receipt; recovery evidence
cp_direct_emissions	soy_receiving_preparation; homogenisation_heat_treatment; sanitation_utilities_wastewater	direct emissions to air and water	continuous monitor, stack test, leak log, fuel record, refrigerant service record, wastewater result, and factor calculation	source; substance; measured concentration or factor; flow or activity; period; event type; calculation	use measured release where available; otherwise calculate from collected activity and documented factor	kg	monitoring interval, event, or calculation period	full production period including routine and relevant non-routine operation	all included direct-emission sources	sum source-specific releases and normalise by reference output; keep generic upstream emissions out	calibration; test report; maintenance or leak record; factor source and calculation review

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalisation	All inventory rows	normalised amount = included-period flow amount ÷ included-period net conforming soy milk mass	reconciled flow total; net conforming reference output	flow amount per 1 kg net soy milk	us-epa-lca-2006
calc_net_reference_output	Finished soy milk	net conforming output = released beverage net mass; packaging, rejects, retained samples, unshipped loss, and rework still inside the system are excluded	release records; fill mass; bulk loadout; rejects; samples; rework	kg net conforming soy milk	codex-cxs-322r-2015; eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
calc_batch_mass_balance	Each production process and linked batch	unexplained difference = total mass inputs − product outputs − co-product outputs − measured waste and direct releases − documented stock or hold-up change	batch input, output, reject, rework, stock, sample, spill, evaporation, and residue records	mass-balance difference and completeness flag	us-epa-lca-2006
calc_water_balance	Production, sanitation, and wastewater	water input = incorporated water + wastewater transfer or discharge + evaporation + exported moisture + closing hold-up − opening hold-up, with reused internal water shown on both matched transfer sides but counted once in net withdrawal	water meters; recipe water; wastewater flow; product and co-product moisture; reuse; evaporation; tank inventory	reconciled water withdrawal, use, reuse, and discharge per reference flow	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
calc_energy_by_carrier	All energy-consuming processes	carrier use = metered quantity or verified operating load × time; convert only with documented factor and reconcile totals with invoices and stock change	meters; invoices; stock; load; operating time; conversion and heating-value basis	carrier-specific energy or fuel per reference flow	us-epa-lca-2006
calc_packaging_balance	Filling and packaging	packaging consumed = opening stock + receipts − closing stock − verified returns; reconcile with conforming packs and measured scrap by material	packaging inventory, receipts, returns, unit mass, good units, scrap	packaging input and scrap mass per reference flow	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
calc_wastewater_substance	Direct waterborne emission	substance mass = matched discharge volume × measured concentration, with unit conversion and sampling representativeness documented	discharge volume; concentration; sampling interval; laboratory result	kg substance per reference flow	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
calc_allocation_factor	Unavoidable shared burden	calculate factor from the selected causal physical relationship; if none is defensible, calculate from the declared alternative relationship and retain a sensitivity case	separately measured outputs; causal driver or price and period; shared burden	documented allocation factor summing to one across functions	us-epa-lca-2006

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity_traceability	Product and reference flow	Retain product code, CPC 24423 classification rationale, Codex subtype, recipe, lot genealogy, release status, required qualifiers, and Tiangong reference-flow UUID.	product specification; recipe; lot and release record; classification review
dq_measurement_control	Measured foreground records	Identify instrument or source record, calibration or verification status, resolution, units, collection frequency, missing periods, corrections, and responsible facility.	calibration certificate; meter register; signed batch or utility record
dq_temporal_coverage	Dataset period	Cover a declared production period representative of the reported product and include start-up, shutdown, cleaning, rework, and non-routine losses within that period; disclose excluded periods and seasonality.	production calendar; batch list; meter and sanitation completeness report
dq_technological_geographic_scope	Site and production route	Match the recorded facility, whole-bean or derivative route, formulation, heat treatment, packaging line, utilities, and geography; do not merge materially different routes without separate results or justified weighting.	site and line description; route-specific production totals; weighting calculation
dq_completeness_reconciliation	Materials, energy, water, products, co-products, waste, and emissions	Reconcile material, water, energy, packaging, and waste totals; list all known gaps and explain the treatment of unexplained balances instead of silently cutting them off.	balance worksheets; invoice and stock reconciliation; gap register
dq_coproduct_destination	Co-products and recovered materials	Support product or waste classification, state, moisture basis, destination, and allocation with recipient, transfer, and analytical evidence for the same reporting period.	scale and moisture result; dispatch or internal transfer; recipient acceptance; allocation worksheet
dq_wastewater_quality	Wastewater and waterborne emissions	Match monitored flow and concentration in time and location, retain sampling and analytical method, and distinguish transfer to treatment from direct environmental discharge.	flow record; sampling plan; chain of custody; laboratory result; treatment or discharge record
dq_quality_indicators	All primary and secondary data	Assess and disclose precision, completeness, temporal and geographical representativeness, technological representativeness, consistency, and reproducibility in relation to intended downstream use.	data-quality assessment and reviewer trace
dq_source_traceability	Calculations and external rules	Preserve source identifiers, formulas, conversion factors, versions or dates, and input records so every projected amount can be reproduced without authoring logs in the PCR.	calculation workbook or machine-readable calculation record; source register

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	Sources
validate_reference_identity	Reference flow	The reference output must be exactly 1 kg net Soy milk b0bd96e4-7b19-4d9c-8d80-ea47b97bbde3 using Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, and kg; packaging mass must be excluded.	unsd-cpc-3-2025; codex-cxs-322r-2015
validate_product_scope	Product identity	The dataset must describe a finished non-fermented soy beverage within CPC 24423 and declare Codex subtype, soy input form, formulation, protein basis, treatment, packaging, storage condition, geography, and period; excluded soy products and other plant milks fail scope.	unsd-cpc-3-2025; codex-cxs-322r-2015
validate_process_route	Process map	Each required process must have included activity or an explicit route-specific explanation; aqueous extraction may be not operated only for a declared soy-derivative route with an upstream dataset, and actual treatment and packaging configurations must be stated.	codex-cxs-322r-2015
validate_inventory_completeness	Foreground inventory	The package must contain or explicitly justify all known soy and ingredient inputs, incorporated and process water, energy carriers, packaging, reference product, co-products, rework, losses, residues, wastewater, and direct emissions for the same boundary and period.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019; us-epa-lca-2006
validate_internal_transfers	Intermediate and recovered flows	Every internal product, rework, recovered water, or cleaning solution output must have a matched receiving input; internal circulation must not create net product or avoided-burden credit.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
validate_mass_water_balances	Batch and site balances	Material and water balances must be reproducible from collected records; unexplained differences, evaporation assumptions, stock changes, and reused streams must be disclosed and must not conceal missing inventory.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019; us-epa-lca-2006
validate_energy_reconciliation	Energy inventory	Energy must be separated by carrier and reconciled with meters, invoices, fuel stocks, or verified calculations; purchased energy and on-site fuel use must not be double counted.	us-epa-lca-2006
validate_coproduct_allocation	Co-products and shared burdens	Co-product status and destination evidence are required; allocation must follow avoidance, physical relationship, then documented alternative relationship, with factors summing to one and sensitivity disclosed where an alternative relationship is used.	us-epa-lca-2006
validate_wastewater_boundary	Wastewater	Wastewater sent to treatment must remain a waste flow; only monitored releases after the included final treatment boundary may be elementary flows, calculated from matched flow and concentration.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
validate_data_quality	Dataset evidence	Required collection protocols, calibration or verification evidence, temporal and site coverage, gap disclosure, quality indicators, formulas, factors, and source links must be present and reproducible.	us-epa-lca-2006

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground manufacturing data package for finished soy milk, publishable as a unit-process dataset or aggregated production dataset after review
downstream_use	Supports secondary_dataset and background_dataset use in product systems requiring CPC 24423 soy milk at the plant gate, and supports downstream process and lifecyclemodel projections
allowed_use	Attributional LCI and LCA modelling for soy-milk supply where product subtype, formulation, treatment, packaging, geography, period, boundary, and allocation are compatible
excluded_use	Food-safety or nutrition certification; unqualified comparison of soy milk with dairy or other plant beverages; fermented soy products, tofu or curd, soy ingredients, or non-soy plant milks; substitution or consequential claims without a separately justified model
required_metadata	canonical PCR id; CPC 24423; Tiangong reference-flow UUID; all required qualifiers; site and geography; reporting period; technology and route; foreground boundary; included packaging levels; upstream dataset links; allocation method; co-product destinations; data-quality assessment; review status
required_quality_disclosure	Primary versus calculated or secondary data; meter and calibration status; temporal, geographical, and technological representativeness; precision, completeness, consistency, and reproducibility; balance differences; proxy data; exclusions; allocation sensitivity; wastewater treatment boundary; unresolved UUIDs or data gaps
update_trigger	Change in soy input form, recipe or Codex subtype; material change in protein or solids basis; new extraction, separation, homogenisation, heat-treatment, filling, packaging, sanitation, utility, or wastewater technology; changed co-product destination or allocation; changed site or geography; reporting period no longer representative; corrected flow identity or source rule

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-2025	standard	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification (CPC), Version 3.0, code 24423 “Soy milk”, official CPC resources and structure, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/CPC (retrieved 2026-08-10)	Classification identity and exclusion of adjacent non-animal milks and other beverage categories
codex-cxs-322r-2015	standard	FAO and WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission, CXS 322R-2015, Regional Standard for Non-Fermented Soybean Products (Asia), adopted 2015 and amended 2025, https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd8959en (retrieved 2026-08-10)	Non-fermented soybean-product scope, beverage subtypes, soybean or soy-derivative and water basis, physical extraction, optional ingredients, composition and quality declarations, processing and net-weight requirements
eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019	official_guidance	European Commission Joint Research Centre, Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries, JRC118627, 2019, https://bureau-industrial-transformation.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2020-01/JRC118627_FDM_Bref_2019_published.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-10)	Manufacturing boundary, water and energy records, cleaning-in-place, product and residue separation or recovery, packaging separation, wastewater monitoring, and direct-discharge distinction
us-epa-lca-2006	official_guidance	United States Environmental Protection Agency, Life Cycle Assessment: Principles and Practice, EPA/600/R-06/060, May 2006, https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=P1000L86.TXT (retrieved 2026-08-10)	LCI boundary and completeness, allocation hierarchy, foreground data collection, data sources, calculation traceability, and precision, completeness, representativeness, consistency, and reproducibility requirements