Other spirituous beverages and undenatured ethyl alcohol of an alcoholic strength by volume of less than 80% vol · 8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_feedstock_materials	feedstock_preparation	each individual fermentable feedstock	scale, silo, tank, and batch issue record	material identity; supplier lot; gross; tare; return; batch id	calibrated weighing or tank reconciliation	kg	each batch	all campaigns in representative 12 months	all preparation lines	sum net issue separately by material and route	calibration; supplier specification; batch genealogy
cp_feedstock_auxiliaries	feedstock_preparation	each enzyme or preparation auxiliary	batch issue and formulation record	chemical identity; active concentration; gross; tare; return; batch id	calibrated scale or dosing meter	kg	each batch	representative 12 months	all preparation lines	calculate active or formulated mass separately for each material	calibration; safety or technical sheet; recipe
cp_fermentation_materials	alcoholic_fermentation	each molasses, wine, whey, or other fermentation input	tank, scale, and batch record	material identity; source; mass or volume; density; temperature; batch id	calibrated tank, meter, or scale	kg; L; m3	each batch	all campaigns in representative 12 months	all fermenters	convert and sum each material separately	tank chart; density record; batch genealogy
cp_fermentation_auxiliaries	alcoholic_fermentation	each yeast, nutrient, acid, or auxiliary	dosing and batch record	identity; strain or grade; active concentration; quantity; batch id	calibrated scale or dosing meter	kg	each batch	representative 12 months	all fermenters	sum net dose separately by identity	calibration; culture or supplier specification; recipe
cp_process_water	each applicable process	each water-use role	water meter and batch record	opening and closing meter; process id; batch or period	dedicated sub-meter preferred; documented water balance otherwise	m3	batch, daily, or monthly	representative 12 months	all foreground water points	retain preparation, fermentation, boiler, cooling, product, cleaning, and rinsing water separately	meter calibration; water balance
cp_process_energy	each applicable process	electricity or delivered steam	energy meter and operating record	carrier; meter readings; process id; operating time; allocation driver	sub-meter preferred; documented engineering allocation otherwise	kWh; MJ	batch or monthly	representative 12 months	all foreground equipment	aggregate separately by process and carrier	meter calibration; equipment log; allocation worksheet
cp_alcoholic_liquid_balance	alcoholic_fermentation; distillation_rectification	each alcoholic liquid input and output	calibrated tank, flowmeter, and laboratory record	mass or volume; temperature; density; ABV; opening and closing inventory; batch id	tank or flowmeter reconciliation with laboratory ABV	kg; L; % vol	each transfer or batch	all batches in reporting period	all relevant tanks and flowmeters	convert volume to mass at recorded density and keep each liquid identity separate	calibration; OIV-compatible method record; batch reconciliation
cp_fuel_and_steam	onsite_energy_generation	each fuel and delivered steam or heat	delivery, stock, meter, and boiler record	fuel identity; quantity; moisture; calorific value; steam meter; condensate return	calibrated fuel and steam measurement	kg; m3; MJ	each delivery and monthly	representative 12 months	all boilers and heaters	reconcile each fuel separately to net delivered energy	meter calibration; delivery ticket; fuel analysis; boiler log
cp_combustion_emissions	onsite_energy_generation	each direct combustion emission	stack test, continuous monitor, and fuel calculation record	pollutant identity; concentration; flow; time; fuel quantity; factor	direct monitoring preferred; declared fuel-specific factor otherwise	kg	permit frequency or representative campaign	representative operating conditions	every emission point	calculate fossil CO2, biogenic CO2, CH4, N2O, NO, NO2, SO2, and particulate matter independently	laboratory or monitor QA; factor source; calculation sheet
cp_refrigerant_balance	cooling_refrigeration	each refrigerant make-up and leak	circuit service and charge record	refrigerant identity; opening charge; additions; recovery; closing charge; equipment id	annual mass balance by circuit, supported by leak service records	kg	each service and annually	representative 12 months	all relevant cooling circuits	calculate each refrigerant independently and allocate by documented cooling service	technician record; cylinder weights; circuit register
cp_distillation_residues	distillation_rectification	each stillage, spent-wash, spent-lees, or sludge output	tank, scale, and dispatch record	waste identity; mass or volume; density; dry matter; destination; batch	calibrated tank, scale, or verified container method	kg; m3	each batch or dispatch	representative 12 months	all stills and residue systems	sum separately by waste identity and destination	calibration; dispatch ticket; dry-matter test
cp_direct_air_emissions	applicable process	fermentation CO2 or ethanol release	monitor or closed balance record	flow identity; vent concentration and flow; alcohol inputs and outputs; recovered quantity	direct measurement preferred; carbon or alcohol balance otherwise	kg	each campaign or representative test	representative 12 months	every applicable vent or process	report each source and substance separately	calibration; balance closure; engineering review
cp_maturation_records	maturation	barrel, storage energy, matured output, barrel waste, and ethanol loss	vessel register, tank record, meter, and laboratory record	vessel id; material; tare; fills; reuse count; dates; mass; ABV; temperature; electricity	vessel-by-vessel or tank-lot reconciliation	kg; kWh; days	each fill, transfer, and release	complete maturation lots released in period	all maturation stores	allocate vessel and energy by occupancy; calculate ethanol loss separately	vessel register; calibration; laboratory result; inventory reconciliation
cp_blending_materials	blending_conditioning	each alcohol, water, sweetener, colour, or flavour input	recipe, scale, tank, and issue record	identity; grade; concentration; gross; tare; return; batch id	calibrated dosing, scale, or tank reconciliation	kg; m3	each batch	representative 12 months	all blending tanks	sum each material separately and normalize to conforming output	calibration; recipe approval; supplier specification
cp_filtration_records	blending_conditioning	filter aid and filtration residue	issue, filter, and waste record	aid identity; dry input; wet residue; moisture; product recovery; batch	scale and filter campaign reconciliation	kg	each filter campaign	representative 12 months	all filters	keep aid input and residue output separate	calibration; filter log; waste ticket
cp_product_release	blending_conditioning	reference product and off-spec liquid	tank release and quality record	product identity; legal name; mass; volume; density; temperature; ABV; disposition; batch	calibrated tank plus laboratory release test	kg; L; % vol	each batch	all released batches in period	all release tanks	use conforming net mass as denominator; retain rework and rejection separately	tank calibration; release certificate; batch reconciliation
cp_cleaning_records	cleaning_wastewater	each cleaning water, cleaner, disinfectant, and electricity input	CIP recipe, meter, tank, and cycle record	chemical identity; active concentration; charge; return; discharge; water; energy; equipment	calibrated chemical, water, and energy measurement	kg; m3; kWh	each cleaning cycle	representative 12 months including product changes	all foreground CIP circuits and manual cleaning	calculate each chemical and water role separately by assigned cycle	calibration; CIP log; concentration test
cp_wastewater_monitoring	cleaning_wastewater	wastewater, sludge, COD, BOD5, nitrogen, or phosphorus	discharge meter, sampling, laboratory, and sludge record	volume; concentration; time; treatment stage; sludge mass; dry matter; destination	flow-weighted representative sampling and calibrated volume measurement	m3; mg/L; kg	each campaign or permit frequency	representative 12 months including peak production	all foreground discharge points	calculate each load independently at the declared point	meter calibration; accredited laboratory report; sampling plan
cp_packaging_components	filling_packaging	each bottle, closure, label, box, or film	bill of materials, issue, count, and unit-mass record	component identity; issued count; return; unit mass; supplier lot	net count multiplied by verified unit mass or direct issued mass	kg	each packaging batch	representative 12 months	all package formats and filling lines	calculate each component separately	supplier specification; unit-mass sample; inventory reconciliation
cp_packaging_water	filling_packaging	bottle-rinsing water	line water meter and cycle record	meter readings; line; format; batch; dry-rinse status	line sub-meter or verified cycle-volume calculation	m3	each batch or monthly	representative 12 months	all filling lines	keep rinsing water separate from cleaning wastewater	meter calibration; line log; water balance
cp_packaging_wastes	filling_packaging	each individual packaging waste	rejection and waste dispatch record	material identity; rejected count or mass; destination; batch	direct weighing or rejected count times verified unit mass	kg	each batch and dispatch	representative 12 months	all filling lines	sum separately for glass, aluminium, cork, paper, corrugated board, and polyethylene film	rejection log; waste ticket; unit-mass verification

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
normalize_exchange	every inventory row	normalized amount = net process amount / net conforming reference-product mass × 1,000 kg	net recorded exchange; conforming output mass	amount per 1,000 kg reference product
volume_to_mass	every alcoholic liquid recorded by volume	mass = measured volume at stated temperature × measured density at the same temperature	volume; density; temperature	kg alcoholic liquid	oiv-spirit-analysis-compendium-2023
litres_pure_alcohol	alcohol-balance check	litres pure alcohol at 20 °C = liquid volume at 20 °C × measured ABV/100	volume at 20 °C; measured ABV	L pure alcohol	eu-reg-2019-787; oiv-spirit-analysis-compendium-2023
refrigerant_leak	each refrigeration circuit	leak = opening charge + additions − recovered refrigerant − closing charge, with unexplained residual disclosed	circuit charge and service records	kg leaked refrigerant by identity
wastewater_load	each wastewater indicator	load = discharged volume × flow-weighted concentration with unit conversion; calculate each indicator independently	m3 wastewater; mg/L indicator	kg indicator per 1,000 kg product	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
packaging_component_mass	each packaging component	component mass = (issued count − returned unused count) × verified unit mass	counts; unit mass	kg component per 1,000 kg product
maturation_alcohol_loss	matured alcoholic liquid	ethanol loss = opening pure-alcohol mass + additions − closing pure-alcohol mass − transferred or sampled pure-alcohol mass	mass, density, ABV, transfers, samples	kg ethanol to air with residual uncertainty	eu-reg-2019-787
batch_mass_balance	each process and total foreground	closure = accounted products + wastes + elementary releases + closing inventory − opening inventory, compared with measured inputs; investigate residuals	all input, output, and inventory records	closure ratio and unexplained residual

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	every product, waste, and elementary flow	Retain one physical or chemical identity per row, with grade, composition, supplier, route, and destination data needed for an upstream or receiving-flow match.	specification; safety sheet; recipe; waste ticket; Tiangong UUID when confirmed
dq_temporal	foreground records	Use at least 12 consecutive representative months for continuous production; for campaigns and maturation releases, include all relevant campaigns or lots and disclose seasonality and stock changes.	meter exports; batch register; maturation register; production calendar
dq_measurement	mass, volume, ABV, density, energy, and emissions	Use calibrated instruments and validated laboratory methods; document estimation, conversion, and allocation where direct measurement is unavailable.	calibration certificates; laboratory method; allocation worksheet
dq_route_completeness	process map	Reconcile the declared starting condition and every activated route to detailed process rows; explain every omitted conditional process.	route diagram; batch genealogy; supplier records
dq_inventory_completeness	all exchanges	Reconcile raw materials, yeast, enzymes, auxiliaries, water, electricity, steam, each fuel, each refrigerant, barrels, packaging, wastes, wastewater indicators, and direct emissions without aggregate placeholders.	completeness matrix; mass and alcohol balances
dq_geography_technology	upstream links	Match raw-material, alcohol, electricity, fuel, water, refrigerant, barrel, and packaging datasets to supplier geography and production technology or disclose proxies.	supplier location; utility contract; proxy justification
dq_case_evidence	external quantitative evidence	Do not turn a single plant, batch, product, or literature scenario into a category range. Retain unresolved range needs until at least two independent boundary-compatible original sources support synthesis.	source review record; boundary comparison

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_scope	reference product	The product is an other spirituous beverage or undenatured ethyl alcohol below 80% vol within the declared semantic boundary; denatured alcohol, alcohol at or above 80% vol, and excluded fermented beverages are rejected.	unsd-cpc-3-24139; eu-reg-2019-787
validate_reference_identity	reference flow	Net mass, product identity, legal name, raw-material route, ABV at 20 °C, density, maturation state, formulation, package state, Mass UUID, unit-group UUID, and kg unit are present and consistent; the unresolved product-flow UUID remains a review blocker for publication.	eu-reg-2019-787; oiv-spirit-analysis-compendium-2023
validate_abv_conversion	alcoholic liquids	Every volume-to-mass and pure-alcohol conversion retains measured volume, density, temperature, ABV method, formula, and unit conversion; water density and nominal label strength are not substituted.	eu-reg-2019-787; oiv-spirit-analysis-compendium-2023
validate_route_coverage	process map	Each on-site feedstock-preparation, fermentation, energy, cooling, distillation, rectification, maturation, blending, filtration, cleaning, wastewater, and packaging operation is activated or explicitly documented as not applicable.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019; eu-reg-2019-787
validate_atomic_flows	inventory	Every fermentable raw material, yeast, enzyme, auxiliary, water role, electricity use, steam or heat carrier, fuel, refrigerant, cleaner, barrel, bottle, closure, label, box, film, waste, wastewater indicator, and air emission is a separate atomic row.
validate_energy_no_double_count	steam and fuels	Purchased steam and on-site fuel combustion are reconciled so that internal steam transfer is not assigned a second upstream production burden.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
validate_refrigerants	cooling circuits	Each refrigerant identity has separate make-up and leakage rows derived from a circuit mass balance; refrigerants are not grouped or hidden in electricity.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
validate_waste_emissions	outputs	Fermentation CO2, ethanol releases by process, combustion pollutants, stillage, spent wash, spent lees, sludge, cleaning wastewater, COD, BOD5, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and each packaging waste are independently reported at a declared boundary and destination.	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
validate_mass_balance	process and total foreground	Material and pure-alcohol balances reconcile inputs, conforming product, co-products, wastes, direct releases, samples, rework, and stock change; residuals are investigated and disclosed.
validate_ranges	all quantitative ranges	No single-case value is expressed as a category range. A source-backed empirical range requires at least two independent boundary-compatible original sources and an explicit synthesis; otherwise the range is omitted and the evidence need remains in manifest review metadata.	risner-et-al-2018-whey-spirits

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground production dataset for one finished other spirituous beverage or undenatured ethyl alcohol product below 80% vol
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset after methodology review, UUID resolution, and publication
allowed_use	Life-cycle inventory, product carbon footprint, environmental footprint, supply-chain assessment, and facility improvement where product identity, raw-material route, ABV, technology, geography, maturation, formulation, and package format are compatible
excluded_use	Denatured alcohol; alcohol at or above 80% vol; excluded beer, wine, cider, perry, mead, or other fermented beverages; another spirit type or route without compatibility review; comparative claims that ignore recipe, ABV, maturation, or packaging differences
required_metadata	PCR id and version; product class and legal name; target market; site and period; raw-material and alcohol origin; yeast and enzyme route; process map; distillation technology; measured ABV and density at stated temperature; maturation vessel and duration; formulation and filtration; bulk or package format; allocation; upstream datasets
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data coverage; calibration and laboratory methods; mass and pure-alcohol balance closure; allocation; co-product treatment; wastewater sampling; direct-emission method; refrigerant balance; packaging evidence; proxies; exclusions; uncertainty; unresolved UUIDs and range evidence
update_trigger	Material change in product identity, legal specification, raw material, fermentation organism, enzyme route, still or rectification technology, fuel or electricity supply, refrigerant, maturation, formulation, filtration, cleaning, wastewater treatment, package format, allocation, site, or applicable market requirements

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-24139	Official guidance (official_guidance)	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 3.0, subclass 24139, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/CPC (retrieved 2026-08-23)	Official classification coordinate and category title; scope context only, not process ranges
eu-reg-2019-787	Standard (standard)	Regulation (EU) 2019/787 on spirit drinks and agricultural ethyl alcohol, consolidated official text, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/787/oj/eng (retrieved 2026-08-23)	Spirit-drink identity; agricultural alcohol; distillation, maturation, flavouring, colouring, blending, packaging, and ABV-at-20 °C definitions
oiv-spirit-analysis-compendium-2023	Standard (standard)	OIV, Compendium of International Methods of Analysis for Spirituous Beverages and Alcohols, 2023, https://www.oiv.int/sites/default/files/publication/2023-09/Compendium%20MA%20BOISPI%202023_EN%20.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-23)	Original official methods for measuring actual alcoholic strength by volume and density-based analysis at 20 °C
eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019	Official guidance (official_guidance)	European Commission Joint Research Centre, Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries, JRC118627, 2019, Chapter 2 and Chapter 6, https://bureau-industrial-transformation.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2020-01/JRC118627_FDM_Bref_2019_published.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-23)	Original official process evidence for feedstock preparation, fermentation, distillation and rectification, stillage and spent liquids, CO2, ethanol and other emissions, energy, water, fuels, refrigeration, cleaning, wastewater, sludge, and bottling
risner-et-al-2018-whey-spirits	Literature (literature)	Risner, D. et al. (2018), Fermentation and distillation of cheese whey: Carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions and water use in the production of whey spirits and white whiskey, Journal of Dairy Science 101(4), 2963-2973, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13774	Original full-text single-case support for the conditional whey-spirit route, lactose-fermenting yeast, fermentation, distillation, water, energy, and fermentation CO2; explicitly not category range evidence
eu-ef-method-2021	Method factor (method_factor)	Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on the Environmental Footprint methods, Annex I, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/oj/eng (retrieved 2026-08-23)	System modelling, process subdivision, allocation hierarchy, co-product treatment, data quality, and upstream dataset requirements