Electrical ignition or starting equipment of a kind used for internal combustion engines; generators and cut-outs of a kind used in conjunction with internal combustion engines; electrical lighting or signalling equipment (except filament or discharge lamps), windscreen wipers, defrosters and demisters, of a kind used for cycles or motor vehicles

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR applies to the gate-to-gate manufacture of finished electrical ignition or starting equipment for internal combustion engines; generators and cut-outs used with such engines; and electrical lighting or signalling equipment, windscreen wipers, defrosters, and demisters for cycles or motor vehicles. It covers integrated forming, moulding, winding, surface treatment when used, assembly, testing, and packaging at the reporting manufacturing site.

The PCR excludes filament and discharge lamps, ignition wiring sets supplied as separate products, general-purpose connectors or leads, internal-combustion engines, traction batteries, vehicle assembly, distribution after the factory gate, use, maintenance, and end-of-life. Purchased materials and components enter at the manufacturing-site gate with separately linked upstream datasets; this foreground module does not claim a cradle-to-grave result.

Because the category contains functionally different finished equipment, each data package shall declare one representative product family and shall not average starters, generators, lamps, signals, wipers, defrosters, and demisters unless the production-weighted product mix and all material differences are disclosed.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.electrical-machinery-and-apparatus.electrical-ignition-or-starting-equipment-of-a-kind-used-for-internal-combustion-engine-dccedb01
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 46910 (exact classification context; no accepted mapping edge is asserted by this PCR)
covered_products	Finished spark-ignition and starting equipment; engine-coupled generators and cut-outs; cycle or motor-vehicle electrical lighting or signalling equipment other than filament or discharge lamps; windscreen wipers; defrosters; demisters
excluded_products	Filament lamps; discharge lamps; separately supplied ignition wiring sets; generic connectorized leads; engines; batteries; complete cycles and vehicles; replacement service and repair
representative_product	One declared finished equipment family and model meeting its specified electrical, mechanical, optical, wiping, defrosting, or demisting performance
production_route	Product-specific combination of metal forming, polymer moulding, winding, aqueous cleaning or surface treatment, assembly, functional testing, and packaging
market_state	Saleable finished equipment at the manufacturing-site factory gate, net of transport-packaging mass

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provision of a declared finished item within this product category at the manufacturing-site factory gate
How much	1 kg net mass of saleable finished equipment, excluding transport-packaging mass
How well	Conforms to the declared model's applicable electrical, mechanical, optical, wiping, defrosting, or demisting performance specification and has passed routine final inspection
How long or cycle	One reporting-period production output; no vehicle service-life performance is included
reference_flow_link	The reference product output row out_reference_product from process integrated_equipment_manufacturing

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Electrical ignition or starting equipment of a kind used for internal combustion engines, generators and cut-outs of a kind used in conjunction with internal combustion engines, electrical lighting or signalling equipment (except filament or discharge lamps), windscreen wipers, defrosters and demisters, of a kind used for cycles or motor vehicles 46a4d7e0-db60-4f6d-a637-28140132c05d
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	declared equipment family and model; ignition, starting, generating, cut-out, lighting, signalling, wiping, defrosting, or demisting function; vehicle or cycle application; rated voltage, power, torque, light output, wiping performance, or thermal performance as applicable; product net mass; production route; material composition or bill of materials; recycled-content claims; site and country; reporting period; packaging configuration; pass/fail specification; allocation method

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_net_mass	Reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize all process exchanges to 1 kg of conforming finished equipment. Exclude corrugated-box mass from the reference-product mass but include the box as a separate input.
mass_balance_basis	Material and waste rows	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Use calibrated receiving, issue, output, and waste measurements on the same dry/wet and gross/net basis. State moisture or coating basis where material.
electricity_conversion	Purchased electricity	Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66	MJ	Preserve metered electricity and convert kWh to MJ using exactly 3.6 MJ per kWh; do not treat electricity as a mass flow.
gas_reference_conditions	Gaseous natural gas	Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66	m3	Declare meter temperature, pressure, and whether the volume is standard or actual. Do not convert volume to mass without documented composition and density.
sludge_basis	Metal-bearing surface-treatment sludge	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Report wet sludge mass and measured dry-solids fraction separately so wet and dry quantities are not mixed.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased raw materials, formed components, chemicals, utilities, and packaging are received at the reporting manufacturing-site gate with supplier identity and upstream dataset links disclosed.
starting_condition_role	Gate-to-gate foreground starting condition for integrated equipment manufacture
product_classification_scope	One declared finished equipment family within the CPC 46910 semantic boundary; product-mix averaging is allowed only with production weights and disclosed model composition.
recursive_input_rule	A purchased input that itself falls within this PCR's product category is recorded as a separate product input with its own supplier dataset; it is not recursively manufactured inside the same process unless the site actually performs those operations.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link each purchased material, component, utility, and packaging input to a geographically and technologically representative upstream dataset. Model inbound transport separately when it is not included in the supplier dataset.
disclosure	Declare site, reporting period, equipment family, model mix, production route, outsourced operations, surface-treatment chemistry, test regime, packaging, allocation, cut-offs, and all upstream dataset boundaries.

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_site_gate	Foreground manufacturing module	Include all on-site forming, moulding, winding, cleaning or surface treatment, assembly, functional testing, rework, waste handling before off-site transfer, and packaging needed to deliver the reference product at the factory gate.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021; unece-alca-proposal-2025
boundary_conditional_surface_treatment	Aqueous cleaning or electrolytic or chemical surface treatment	Include water, electricity, heat fuel, bath chemicals, drag-out losses, wastewater-treatment residues, and direct releases only when the declared production route performs the operation; otherwise document the operation as absent or outsourced.	ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006
boundary_no_silent_cutoff	Inventory completeness	Do not omit a material, energy, waste, or elementary flow solely because it is small. Any cut-off shall be quantified, justified against the study goal, and reported with an estimated completeness effect.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021
boundary_exclusions	Downstream life-cycle stages	Exclude distribution after the factory gate, installation, vehicle use, replacement, maintenance, and end-of-life from this foreground module; downstream users shall add these stages when the study goal requires them.	unece-alca-proposal-2025

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
integrated_equipment_manufacturing	Integrated component forming, surface treatment, assembly, testing, and packaging	required	—	Gate-to-gate foreground manufacture; route-specific operations and rows apply only when physically performed for the declared product	1 kg conforming finished equipment at the factory gate, net of transport packaging

Process: Integrated component forming, surface treatment, assembly, testing, and packaging (integrated_equipment_manufacturing)

Inputs

Product flows

Cold-rolled non-alloy steel sheet (in_cold_rolled_steel_sheet)

Record steel sheet received for housings, brackets, laminations, or other formed parts only when present in the declared bill of materials. The selected identity remains UUID-unresolved because the audited candidates did not establish an exact bilingual cold-rolled non-alloy sheet.

• Selected flow: Cold-rolled non-alloy steel sheet
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured issued mass minus returned unused stock, normalized to conforming product output
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources:

Primary aluminum alloy sheet (in_primary_aluminium_alloy_sheet)

Record primary aluminum alloy sheet only when it enters the declared product route as sheet for housings, brackets, or heat-spreading parts. Alloy, temper, thickness, and recycled-content claim shall be retained with the foreground record.

• Selected flow: Primary aluminum alloy sheet 2a9549cc-dc9e-43a7-9379-7a0c0a0e4832
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured issued mass minus returned unused stock, normalized to conforming product output
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources:

Insulated winding wire (in_magnet_wire)

Record purchased magnet wire when the declared starter, generator, wiper motor, actuator, or other equipment contains on-site-produced windings. Declare conductor material, enamel system, and wire gauge.

• Selected flow: Magnet wire 2bf8a4db-b29e-404a-ae6c-402adbb77af4
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured issued mass minus returned reels and unused wire, normalized to conforming product output
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources:

Polyamide 6 moulding granulate (in_pa6_granulate)

Record PA6 granulate only when the declared route moulds PA6 housings, connectors, fans, gears, or other parts on site. Retain grade, reinforcement, additives, recycled content, and moisture-conditioning basis.

• Selected flow: Polyamide 6 (PA6) granulate 55be6cb7-2fb9-4c6f-b37f-08c849c72cf5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured dry granulate issued to moulding minus returned material, normalized to conforming product output
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources:

Purchased electricity (in_electricity)

Record metered electricity consumed by forming, moulding, winding, cleaning, surface treatment, assembly, testing, rework, local waste treatment, and packaging within the foreground boundary.

• Selected flow: Electricity 67b723a9-6f63-4802-adca-b52ce7967d47
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered electricity allocated to the declared product family and converted from kWh using electricity_conversion
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_electricity
• Sources: ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006

Gaseous natural gas (in_natural_gas)

Record gaseous natural gas only when combusted on site for bath heating, drying, space heating allocated to production, or other declared manufacturing heat. Do not include upstream combustion emissions as direct site emissions.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered production-attributable gas volume at declared reference conditions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_natural_gas
• Sources: ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006

Process water (in_process_water)

Record process water when used on site for aqueous cleaning, rinsing, surface treatment, cooling make-up, or other manufacturing operations. Exclude sanitary water unless the study goal explicitly includes it and allocation is disclosed.

• Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered process-water mass or volume converted with documented density, minus separately metered internally recycled water
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_process_water
• Sources: ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006

Sodium hydroxide for aqueous cleaning or treatment (in_sodium_hydroxide)

Record sodium hydroxide only when purchased sodium hydroxide is added to an on-site cleaning, etching, treatment, or wastewater-treatment bath. Report solution mass and active NaOH concentration so active mass can be calculated.

• Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide e0abcced-0611-4c24-9290-5a2c5a0c4169
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchased solution mass multiplied by verified active NaOH mass fraction, normalized to conforming product output
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface_treatment_chemicals
• Sources: ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006

Corrugated board boxes (in_corrugated_board_boxes)

Record corrugated board boxes that leave the manufacturing site with the declared product. Reusable transport packaging is recorded only for the consumed share assigned by documented reuse cycles.

• Selected flow: corrugated board boxes 4f197bec-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured box mass consumed for shipped conforming product, including the allocated loss of reusable boxes
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging
• Sources:

Waste flows

No waste input is prescribed. If the site uses a waste-derived material, record that specific waste in an added atomic row and disclose its legal status and upstream treatment boundary.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed for the foreground process. Resource extractions associated with purchased products belong to their linked upstream datasets.

Outputs

Product flows

Conforming reference product (out_reference_product)

Record only finished equipment that passes the declared routine inspection and is released for sale. Nonconforming output sent to rework remains inside the process boundary.

• Selected flow: Electrical ignition or starting equipment of a kind used for internal combustion engines, generators and cut-outs of a kind used in conjunction with internal combustion engines, electrical lighting or signalling equipment (except filament or discharge lamps), windscreen wipers, defrosters and demisters, of a kind used for cycles or motor vehicles 46a4d7e0-db60-4f6d-a637-28140132c05d
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Exactly 1 kg net mass of conforming finished equipment after normalization
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Generic (generic)
• Normalization basis: PCR reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
• Sources: eu-pef-recommendation-2021

Waste flows

Steel sheet offcuts and rejected steel parts (out_steel_scrap)

Record segregated ferrous offcuts and rejected steel parts transferred from the foreground site as waste. If the output has ceased to be waste and is sold as a co-product, reclassify it consistently and apply the allocation rules in Section 7.

• Selected flow: Steel scrap 37997e0e-e34b-4ab9-a642-5d86f4333919
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed steel scrap transferred off site minus verified internal recycling to the same production system
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_outputs
• Sources:

Metal-bearing surface-treatment wastewater sludge (out_metal_bearing_surface_treatment_sludge)

Record dewatered sludge leaving on-site treatment of aqueous cleaning, electroplating, anodising, or chemical surface-treatment wastewater. The selected identity remains UUID-unresolved because audited candidates did not establish an exact industrial metal-bearing sludge.

• Selected flow: Metal-bearing surface-treatment wastewater sludge
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed wet sludge leaving the site with dry-solids fraction, treatment route, and hazardous classification recorded
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_outputs
• Sources: ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006

Elementary flows

Direct fossil carbon dioxide from on-site natural-gas combustion (out_carbon_dioxide_fossil)

Record only fossil carbon dioxide released directly by on-site combustion inside the foreground boundary. Exclude carbon dioxide embedded in upstream electricity or fuel datasets to prevent double counting.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate from metered natural-gas consumption, verified gas carbon content, oxidation factor, and carbon-to-carbon-dioxide molecular-mass ratio; use stack measurement when representative and quality-assured
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming finished equipment
• Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources:

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivide_first	Shared lines, utilities, and treatment systems	Subdivide or meter the declared equipment family directly wherever technically feasible. Use production time, machine energy, bath loading, or another causal physical driver only when direct subdivision is unavailable.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021
allocation_product_mix	Multiple finished product families	Allocate shared burdens with a documented physical relationship that reflects resource use. Production mass alone is not acceptable when models have materially different power, cycle time, treatment area, or test demand unless equivalence is demonstrated.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021
allocation_scrap_status	Steel scrap and other recovered outputs	Determine and disclose whether the output is waste or a co-product at the factory gate. Do not assign an avoided-production credit inside this gate-to-gate inventory. If it is a co-product and subdivision is impossible, apply a documented physical relationship; use economic allocation only when no defensible physical relationship exists and report a sensitivity check.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021
allocation_rework	Internal rework and recycling	Keep internally reworked products and internally recycled process material inside the foreground boundary; assign their additional material and energy to conforming output and do not count the internal loop as an external product or waste flow.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_bom_materials	integrated_equipment_manufacturing	Steel sheet, aluminum alloy sheet, magnet wire, and PA6 inputs	Approved bill of materials, warehouse issues and returns, scale records	product_model; lot_id; material_identity; supplier; grade_or_specification; issued_mass; returned_mass; moisture_or_coating_basis; conforming_output_mass	Reconcile controlled BOM quantities to weighed or invoiced issues and returns for each product lot	kg	Per production lot; aggregate monthly	At least 12 consecutive representative months or the full campaign for seasonal/campaign production	All lines and outsourced steps attributed to the declared site and product family	Sum net issued mass by atomic material and divide by conforming net product mass	BOM revision, supplier specification, calibrated scale certificate, inventory reconciliation
cp_electricity	integrated_equipment_manufacturing	Purchased electricity	Revenue meter and submeter logs	meter_id; opening_kWh; closing_kWh; production_line; downtime; product_model; conforming_output_mass	Read calibrated meters; subtract documented non-production loads; allocate remaining shared loads causally	kWh converted to MJ	Continuous or shift; aggregate monthly	Same period as production output, normally at least 12 representative months	All foreground operations at the reporting site	Net attributable kWh × 3.6 divided by conforming net product mass	Meter calibration, bill reconciliation, allocation worksheet
cp_natural_gas	integrated_equipment_manufacturing	On-site natural gas	Gas meter and fuel invoice records	meter_id; volume; temperature; pressure; standard_or_actual_basis; gas_composition; heating_use; product_model; output_mass	Reconcile submetered production gas to invoices and declared reference conditions	m3	Daily or batch; aggregate monthly	Same period as production output	On-site combustion within the foreground boundary	Sum attributable volume at one declared reference condition and divide by conforming net product mass	Meter calibration, invoice reconciliation, gas-quality certificate
cp_process_water	integrated_equipment_manufacturing	Process water	Water submeter, tank and recycle-loop records	source; input_volume; density; recycled_volume; discharge_volume; operation; product_model; output_mass	Meter fresh and recycled water separately; convert volume to mass only with documented density	kg	Shift or batch; aggregate monthly	Same period as production output	Manufacturing water only; sanitary water separately disclosed	Fresh process-water mass divided by conforming net product mass; do not subtract water embodied in exported waste twice	Meter calibration, water balance, recycle-loop log
cp_surface_treatment_chemicals	integrated_equipment_manufacturing	Sodium hydroxide	Purchase, stock, bath make-up and concentration records	solution_mass; active_mass_fraction; bath_id; operation; opening_stock; closing_stock; spill_or_loss; product_model; output_mass	Reconcile purchases and stock changes to bath additions; verify concentration by certificate or analysis	kg active NaOH	Each bath addition; aggregate monthly	Same period as treated production	On-site aqueous cleaning, treatment, and wastewater treatment	Sum solution mass × active fraction allocated to the declared product and divide by conforming net product mass	Supplier certificate, bath analysis, stock reconciliation
cp_packaging	integrated_equipment_manufacturing	Corrugated board boxes	Packaging specification, issue and shipment records	box_type; unit_mass; quantity_issued; quantity_returned; reuse_cycles; shipped_product_mass	Weigh each box type and reconcile issues to shipments; allocate reusable-box loss over verified cycles	kg	Per shipment; aggregate monthly	Same period as production output	Packaging leaving the reporting site with the product	Consumed or allocated box mass divided by shipped conforming net product mass	Packaging specification, scale record, shipment reconciliation
cp_finished_output	integrated_equipment_manufacturing	Conforming reference product	Final inspection, release and calibrated scale records	product_model; serial_or_lot; gross_mass; packaging_mass; net_product_mass; test_result; rejected_mass; rework_mass	Weigh released product net of transport packaging and reconcile to final inspection release	kg	Per lot or shipment; aggregate monthly	Same period as all inputs and outputs	All conforming products within the declared family at the site	Sum conforming net product mass; normalize all exchanges to 1 kg	Calibration record, release record, reconciliation to shipments
cp_waste_outputs	integrated_equipment_manufacturing	Steel scrap and metal-bearing sludge	Waste scale ticket, manifest, laboratory and destination records	waste_identity; container_tare; gross_mass; net_mass; dry_solids_fraction; hazardous_status; destination; internal_recycle_mass; product_model	Weigh each segregated waste; subtract tare and verified internal recycling; sample sludge dry solids representatively	kg	Each transfer; aggregate monthly	Same period as production output	All waste generated inside the foreground boundary and transferred off site	Sum net external transfer by atomic waste and divide by conforming net product mass	Calibrated scale ticket, legal manifest, laboratory result, recycler receipt
cp_direct_emissions	integrated_equipment_manufacturing	Direct fossil carbon dioxide	Fuel-meter, gas-composition and stack-test records	gas_volume; reference_conditions; carbon_content; oxidation_factor; measured_CO2; operating_hours; product_model; output_mass	Calculate carbon balance from metered fuel and verified composition, or use representative quality-assured stack measurement	kg CO2	Monthly calculation and after material fuel or burner change	Same period as fuel and product output	On-site combustion only	Attribute only foreground combustion; reconcile calculated and measured values where both exist; divide by conforming net product mass	Gas-quality certificate, meter record, calculation sheet, stack-test report

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_normalize_reference_mass	All inventory rows	normalized exchange = period exchange attributable to the declared product family / conforming net product mass for the same period	Attributable exchange; conforming net product mass	Exchange per 1 kg reference product	eu-pef-recommendation-2021
calc_electricity_mj	in_electricity	MJ electricity = metered kWh × 3.6	Metered kWh	MJ electricity	—
calc_active_naoh	in_sodium_hydroxide	active NaOH mass = solution mass × verified active mass fraction	Solution mass; active mass fraction	kg active NaOH	—
calc_direct_fossil_co2	out_carbon_dioxide_fossil	fossil CO2 mass = metered fuel amount × verified fuel carbon content × oxidation factor × 44/12; adapt units explicitly and compare with representative stack measurement when available	Fuel amount; carbon content; oxidation factor; measured CO2 where available	kg direct fossil CO2	—
calc_mass_reconciliation	Product, material, and waste mass	Reconcile net purchased material mass with conforming product, off-site waste, documented internal recycle inventory change, and measured process losses; investigate rather than force-close unexplained imbalance	Net material issues; product output; waste transfers; stock change; measured losses	Material-specific mass-balance discrepancy	ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	Reference product and all UUID-bearing rows	Match the declared product or exchange to the stated UUID identity, flow type, property, unit group, and official bilingual base names; retain product-specific grade and state as foreground qualifiers.	Public state-100 direct-read identity plus supplier or product specification
dq_temporal	All foreground exchanges	Use one common representative reporting period, normally at least 12 consecutive months; justify shorter campaigns and disclose shutdowns, start-up, and abnormal production.	Dated meter, purchase, production, test, and waste records
dq_technology	Product route	Document which forming, moulding, winding, surface-treatment, assembly, and test operations are on site, outsourced, or absent.	Process flow diagram, work instructions, outsourcing records
dq_completeness	Bill of materials and utilities	Reconcile every BOM material and separately metered utility to the product family; add atomic rows for material flows not represented by the default inventory rather than combining them into an umbrella row.	BOM-to-purchase reconciliation, meter balance, completeness checklist
dq_surface_treatment	Aqueous or electrolytic treatment route	Retain bath identity, active concentration, water balance, treatment-residue identity, dry-solids basis, and direct-release monitoring; do not apply these rows to products without the route.	Bath log, laboratory report, water balance, waste manifest, permit monitoring
dq_uncertainty	Shared allocations and calculated values	Quantify the effect of material shared-load allocations, fuel composition, sludge moisture, and product-mix variation; document data gaps without substituting unverified proxy UUIDs.	Sensitivity calculation, uncertainty record, unresolved-item register

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_identity	Reference flow	Confirm the UUID is the public state-100 CPC 46910 product identity, the reference property is Mass, the unit is kg, and every required qualifier is present.	un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025
validate_boundary_period	Foreground inventory	Confirm inputs, conforming output, waste transfers, and direct emissions use the same site and reporting period and that outsourced and downstream operations are not silently mixed into the gate-to-gate module.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021; unece-alca-proposal-2025
validate_atomic_bom	Material inventory	Reconcile the declared product BOM to individual atomic inventory rows. Reject umbrella rows, duplicate flows, and unqualified substitutions; unresolved UUIDs remain explicit.	unece-alca-proposal-2025
validate_conditional_routes	Surface treatment, gas use, winding, and moulding	Require evidence that each conditional row is physically present for the declared route; otherwise record it as not applicable without assigning a zero-looking measured value.	ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006
validate_mass_balance	Mass inputs and outputs	Investigate unexplained material-specific imbalance after accounting for conforming product, waste, internal recycle, inventory change, and measured losses. Do not force the balance by altering measured exchanges.	ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006
validate_energy_emissions	Natural gas and direct fossil CO2	Confirm gas reference conditions, carbon content, oxidation factor, and unit conversion; confirm that upstream electricity and fuel emissions are not repeated as direct foreground emissions.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021
validate_allocation	Shared processes and recovered outputs	Confirm subdivision was attempted first, causal drivers are documented, recovered-output status is consistent, and any economic allocation includes a sensitivity disclosure.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021
validate_completeness_disclosure	Dataset release	Confirm data sources, cut-offs, data gaps, UUID gaps, range-evidence needs, model mix, route, packaging, allocation, and uncertainty are disclosed before the dataset is used for comparison.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021; unece-alca-proposal-2025

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset; background_dataset after review and publication
downstream_use	Foreground gate-to-gate manufacturing module for a declared automotive or cycle electrical-equipment family; link to upstream material and utility datasets and, when required, distribution, vehicle use, maintenance, and end-of-life modules
allowed_use	Product-footprint modelling, supply-chain exchange, hotspot analysis, and product-specific scenario modelling when the declared product family, route, site, period, and allocation match the study
excluded_use	Unqualified comparison across starters, generators, lighting, signalling, wipers, defrosters, or demisters; cradle-to-grave claims without added stages; use as a generic vehicle dataset; proxying excluded lamps or wiring sets
required_metadata	PCR id and version; product UUID; equipment family and model; performance specification; net mass; BOM and material states; production route; site and geography; reporting period; energy mix and gas reference conditions; surface-treatment route; packaging; allocation; upstream dataset links
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data share; temporal, geographic, and technological representativeness; meter and scale calibration; BOM completeness; product-mix weighting; cut-offs; allocation sensitivity; sludge moisture; direct-emission calculation; unresolved UUIDs and range-evidence needs
update_trigger	Material change in product design, BOM, recycled content, production route, site, electricity supply, fuel composition, surface-treatment chemistry, test regime, packaging, allocation basis, upstream datasets, or reporting period

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025	dataset	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025, official CSV, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv (retrieved 2026-09-04)	Original-text verification of CPC 46910 identity and stated exclusions
ec-jrc-stm-bref-2006	official_guidance	European Commission, Reference Document on Best Available Techniques for the Surface Treatment of Metals and Plastics, August 2006, https://bureau-industrial-transformation.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2019-11/stm_bref_0806.pdf (retrieved 2026-09-04)	Conditional surface-treatment decomposition; water, electricity, fuel, chemical, waste, and emission collection requirements
eu-pef-recommendation-2021	official_guidance	Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279, Annex I, Product Environmental Footprint Method, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/2021-12-30/eng (retrieved 2026-09-04)	Functional unit, reference flow, boundary disclosure, allocation hierarchy, completeness, data quality, and validation
unece-alca-proposal-2025	official_guidance	UNECE Working Party on Pollution and Energy, ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2025/17, Proposal for Mutual Resolution No. 5 concerning Automotive Life Cycle Assessment, https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/g25/123/24/pdf/g2512324.pdf (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Automotive material-production and parts-production boundary and transparent reporting of system boundaries, data, assumptions, and limitations; treated as a working proposal, not binding regulation