Rape, colza and mustard oil, refined

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR governs foreground data packages for refined fixed oils produced from rape or colza seed, including low-erucic-acid canola varieties, and from mustard seed. The default foreground boundary is stand-alone refinery-gate production from received crude oil through a bulk finished refined oil. Chemical and physical refining routes are both covered when the selected route, feedstock identity, grade, and actual unit operations are declared.

The PCR covers food, feed, or technical grades only when the declared product remains a refined fixed triglyceride oil within the named category. Oil placed on the market for human consumption shall be linked to the applicable product specification; Codex CXS 210-1999 provides the international identity basis for rapeseed, low-erucic-acid rapeseed or canola, and mustardseed oils. The PCR does not itself certify food safety or legal market compliance.

Crude oils, hydrogenated or interesterified fats, biodiesel, isolated allyl isothiocyanate or volatile mustard oil, oilseed meal, margarine, formulated blends without the named oil as the declared reference product, retail packaging, distribution, use, and end-of-life are excluded from the default product system. Seed cultivation, oilseed crushing, pressing, and solvent extraction are represented by an upstream crude-oil dataset and are not recreated inside this refinery-gate foreground package.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.meat-fish-fruits-vegetables-oils-and-fats.rape-colza-and-mustard-oil-refined
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 21642 Rape, colza and mustard oil, refined
covered_products	Refined fixed oil from rape or colza seed; refined low-erucic-acid rapeseed or canola oil; refined fixed oil from white, brown, yellow, or black mustard seed; declared food, feed, or technical grades
excluded_products	Crude oil; virgin or cold-pressed oil sold without refining; hydrogenated, interesterified, or otherwise chemically modified oil; biodiesel; volatile mustard oil or allyl isothiocyanate; oilcake and meal; margarine and formulated blends; packaging and downstream distribution
representative_product	Bulk refined rape or colza oil at the refinery gate
production_route	Received crude named oil followed by declared chemical refining or physical refining, normally including degumming or pretreatment, bleaching, and deodorisation; chemical neutralisation is route-conditional
market_state	Finished liquid refined oil, production mix at plant, bulk and before retail packaging

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Refined rape, colza, canola, or mustard fixed oil supplied as a finished bulk product at the refinery gate
How much	1 kg net refined oil
How well	The declared oil identity, grade, refining route, and market specification are met; food-grade oil is linked to the applicable named-oil and food-safety specification
How long or cycle	One production batch or a representative production campaign whose dates and averaging period are declared
reference_flow_link	The reference output of the refining_train process

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Rape, colza and mustard oil, refined e30cf6ff-7dfb-4972-affc-6cab3ae17283
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	oil source: rape or colza, low-erucic canola, or mustard; species or commercial oil designation; food, feed, or technical grade; chemical or physical refining route; crude-oil pretreatment state; production geography; production period; bulk delivery state; allocation treatment; applicable product specification

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Reference product, crude-oil input, co-products, and oil-bearing residues	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Report net mass at the measurement temperature and moisture or volatile-matter convention used by the site; normalize all mass rows to 1 kg net refined oil.
energy_carrier_separation	Electricity, steam, heat, and fuels	Carrier-native energy property	kWh or MJ	Keep electricity and each thermal-energy carrier as separate collected records; convert to final energy only for the installation-level BAT screening calculation and retain the conversion factors.
water_volume_and_mass	Process, wash, and cooling water	Declared volume or mass property	m3 or kg	Record water by function and circulation mode; do not treat recirculated cooling water as fresh-water withdrawal, and disclose any density conversion.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Named crude rape, colza, canola, or mustard fixed oil received at the refinery gate with mass, pretreatment state, quality, supplier geography, and upstream dataset reference declared
starting_condition_role	Upstream product input to the stand-alone foreground refining train
product_classification_scope	Refined fixed oils within CPC 3.0 subclass 21642; the canonical PCR meaning is not owned by CPC
recursive_input_rule	Any refined named oil used as rework or blending input is recorded as a product input linked to a compatible upstream dataset; its production is not recursively reconstructed inside the same refining-train record
upstream_dataset_requirement	A traceable crude-oil dataset including cultivation and oil extraction as applicable, with its reference flow, geography, technology, allocation, and data quality disclosed
disclosure	Declare crude-oil origin and pretreatment, refining route, included and bypassed unit operations, site integration with crushing, utility system, co-product destinations, wastewater treatment, packaging exclusion, production period, and any departures from the default refinery-gate boundary

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_refinery_gate	Foreground product system	Include receipt and storage losses, degumming or pretreatment, route-conditional neutralisation, bleaching, deodorisation, internal recirculation, utility use, direct emissions, residue handling, wastewater sent to treatment, and the bulk refined-oil output up to the refinery gate.	eu-fdm-bref-2019
boundary_route_declaration	Chemical and physical refining	Declare the actual route. Chemical refining includes degumming or neutralisation, bleaching, and deodorisation; physical refining includes adequate degumming or pretreatment, bleaching, and distillative deacidification or deodorisation. Do not insert a route-conditional operation that did not occur.	eu-fdm-bref-2019
boundary_upstream_crude_oil	Crude-oil input	Keep cultivation, crushing, pressing, and solvent extraction in the linked upstream crude-oil dataset unless an integrated-site study explicitly expands the boundary and reports the additional processes separately.	eu-fdm-bref-2019
boundary_material_completeness	Listed material and emission flows	Collect all material flows listed by this PCR. Any omission shall be identified, quantified where possible, justified for environmental insignificance, and included in the quality disclosure; no omitted flow may be hidden by a generic cut-off statement.	eu-pef-2021

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
refining_train	Named seed-oil refining train	required	Always; declare chemical or physical route and all bypassed operations	Foreground refining from received crude oil to finished bulk refined oil	1 kg net refined oil at refinery gate

The refining_train record shall preserve stage-level measurements for degumming or pretreatment, neutralisation when used, bleaching, and deodorisation even when the facility publishes one aggregated refining process. Refining process UUIDs are intentionally not prescribed because no reviewed Tiangong process candidate was confirmed with both this product scope and a consistent quantitative reference.

Process: Named seed-oil refining train (refining_train)

Inputs

Product flows

Received named crude oil (crude_named_oil)

Record the crude rape, colza, canola, or mustard fixed oil entering the refinery, including supplier, origin, species or commercial designation, degumming state, free-fatty-acid and phosphorus indicators when available, and the linked upstream dataset.

• Selected flow: Site-specific crude named oil product flow; Tiangong UUID to be selected for the declared oil identity and pretreatment
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured net crude-oil input assigned to the production batch or campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net refined oil output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional crude-oil input mass-balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1.0
  • Upper: 1.3
  • Unit: kg/kg refined oil
  • Basis: crude-oil input per 1 kg net refined oil output; deliberately broad pending reviewed site evidence
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process and wash water (refinery_water)

Collect fresh and reused water separately for degumming, neutralisation washing, steam makeup, cleaning, and cooling. The range is an annual installation-level screen and shall not replace metered foreground data.

• Selected flow: Site-specific process-water product flow; UUID to be selected for water source and treatment state
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered net water withdrawal allocated to the refining train, excluding recirculated volume
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 tonne net refined oil output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_records
• Sources: eu-fdm-bat-2019
• Range: Stand-alone refining specific water-consumption screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.15
  • Upper: 0.9
  • Unit: m3/t refined oil
  • Basis: annual net water consumption per tonne of oil produced at a stand-alone refinery
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: eu-fdm-bat-2019

Neutralising alkali (neutralising_alkali)

Include sodium hydroxide or the actual alkali only when chemical neutralisation occurs; preserve concentration and convert the inventory to both solution mass and active-alkali mass.

• Selected flow: Site-specific sodium hydroxide or other alkali product flow; UUID to be selected for concentration and market state
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured solution consumption and calculated active-alkali mass from batch dosing records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 tonne oil processed through chemical neutralisation
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_dosing
• Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019
• Range: Sodium hydroxide use in chemical neutralisation
  • Range role: Typical range (typical_range)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 6
  • Unit: kg NaOH/t oil
  • Basis: active sodium hydroxide per tonne of oil entering chemical neutralisation
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Degumming acid (degumming_acid)

Include phosphoric acid or citric acid when used for acid degumming or pretreatment. Preserve acid identity and concentration; do not sum different acids without a separate calculation field.

• Selected flow: Site-specific phosphoric-acid or citric-acid product flow; UUID to be selected for acid identity and concentration
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured acid solution consumption and calculated active-acid mass from dosing records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 tonne oil treated with the declared acid
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_dosing
• Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019
• Range: Active-acid use in degumming
  • Range role: Typical range (typical_range)
  • Lower: 0.1
  • Upper: 2.0
  • Unit: kg active acid/t oil
  • Basis: phosphoric acid range is 0.1-2.0 kg/t and citric acid range is 0.1-1.0 kg/t; use the narrower upper limit when citric acid is declared
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Bleaching earth and filter aid (bleaching_media)

Record bleaching earth, activated carbon, and filter aid separately. This row covers the bleaching earth mass; additional media remain distinct product flows in the foreground record.

• Selected flow: Site-specific bleaching-earth product flow; UUID to be selected for activated or non-activated grade
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured bleaching-earth input from batch recipes or silo mass balance
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 tonne oil entering bleaching
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_dosing
• Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019
• Range: Bleaching-earth dose screen
  • Range role: Typical range (typical_range)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 30
  • Unit: kg/t oil
  • Basis: 0.1-3 percent bleaching earth per tonne of oil entering bleaching
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Electricity and thermal-energy carriers (refining_energy)

Collect electricity, steam, direct fuel, and purchased heat as separate carrier rows before calculating total final energy. The screening interval is a yearly stand-alone-refinery total and is not a default amount for an individual batch.

• Selected flow: Site-specific electricity, steam, heat, and fuel product flows; UUIDs to be selected separately for each carrier
• Flow property / unit: Carrier-native energy property / kWh or MJ
• Amount rule: Metered or invoice-reconciled final energy assigned to refining, separated by carrier and converted with documented factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 tonne net refined oil output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records
• Sources: eu-fdm-bat-2019
• Range: Stand-alone refining total final-energy screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.1
  • Upper: 0.45
  • Unit: MWh/t refined oil
  • Basis: annual final energy consumption per tonne of oil produced at a stand-alone refinery
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: eu-fdm-bat-2019

Waste flows

No waste input is prescribed. If off-site residues are accepted for co-processing, record them as separate waste inputs with identity, origin, contaminant controls, and the treatment function declared; do not merge them with the crude-oil input.

Elementary flows

Direct water withdrawal (direct_water_withdrawal)

Record only water taken directly from the environment as an elementary input. Purchased municipal or industrial water remains the product-flow input refinery_water.

• Selected flow: Site-specific freshwater or other environmental water-compartment flow; UUID to be selected for source compartment
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered direct abstraction assigned to the refining train
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 tonne net refined oil output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_records
• Sources:

Outputs

Product flows

Finished refined named oil (refined_named_oil)

This is the quantitative reference output. It shall meet the declared oil identity, grade, and product specification and shall be measured after refining losses and before excluded retail packaging.

• Selected flow: Rape, colza and mustard oil, refined e30cf6ff-7dfb-4972-affc-6cab3ae17283
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: exactly 1 kg net refined oil as the normalized reference output
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: reference output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
• Sources: mass-balance-identity
• Range: Reference-output identity
  • Range role: Allowed range (allowed_range)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: normalized reference output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: mass-balance-identity

Marketable refining co-products (refining_coproducts)

Record gums or lecithin, soapstock or recovered acid oil, and deodoriser distillate as separate product outputs only when they leave the system with a documented beneficial use or market. Preserve identity, mass, destination, and revenue evidence for each output.

• Selected flow: Site-specific co-product flow for each declared output; UUID to be selected separately for gums or lecithin, soapstock or acid oil, and deodoriser distillate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured sale or transfer mass by co-product identity; zero for a co-product not produced or treated as waste
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net refined oil output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_output_and_residue_mass
• Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019
• Range: Provisional combined marketable co-product screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.15
  • Unit: kg/kg refined oil
  • Basis: combined marketable refining co-products per 1 kg net refined oil; replace with reviewed route-specific evidence
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Non-marketable refining residues (refining_residues)

Record spent bleaching earth, non-marketable gums or soapstock, filter aid, sludge, and off-spec oil separately by waste identity and destination. Spent bleaching earth shall retain oil content and self-heating risk information.

• Selected flow: Site-specific waste flow for each residue; UUID to be selected separately by waste identity and treatment destination
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured dispatched mass or tank and container mass balance by residue type
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net refined oil output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_output_and_residue_mass
• Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019
• Range: Provisional residue-generation screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.10
  • Unit: kg/kg refined oil
  • Basis: combined non-marketable residues per 1 kg net refined oil; replace with reviewed route-specific evidence
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Refinery wastewater (refinery_wastewater)

Record process wastewater sent to on-site or off-site treatment separately from uncontaminated cooling-water discharge. Include flow, receiving treatment, and measured pollutant loads where applicable.

• Selected flow: Site-specific wastewater flow; UUID to be selected for wastewater identity and treatment destination
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered wastewater discharge assigned to the refining train, separated by stream and treatment destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 tonne net refined oil output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_records
• Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019
• Range: Provisional wastewater-volume screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1.0
  • Unit: m3/t refined oil
  • Basis: total process wastewater per tonne of net refined oil; replace with reviewed route-specific evidence
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Direct emissions from refining (direct_refining_emissions)

Quantify site emissions caused by the refining train, including combustion emissions and any residual volatile organic compounds from deodorisation or vacuum systems. Do not duplicate emissions already contained in purchased energy or off-site treatment datasets.

• Selected flow: Site-specific elementary flows to the actual air or water compartments; UUIDs to be selected for each measured substance and compartment
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured emissions or calculations from measured activity data and a cited method factor
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 tonne net refined oil output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: eu-fdm-bat-2019

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid_first	Refining train and shared utilities	First subdivide stage-level measurements and directly assign material and utility records to the refining train. Use system expansion only when the added function and substituted product can be represented consistently.	eu-pef-2021
allocation_output_status	Gums, lecithin, soapstock, acid oil, deodoriser distillate, spent earth, and residues	Treat an output as a co-product only when it has a documented beneficial use or market and leaves the boundary as a product. Otherwise classify it as waste and include its treatment; do not change classification solely to obtain an allocation credit.	eu-fdm-bref-2019
allocation_physical_residual	Unsubdivided burdens with multiple marketable oil-derived outputs	If subdivision and justified system expansion are not feasible, allocate the remaining shared burdens by measured dry or net mass among the refined oil and marketable oil-derived co-products. Exclude wastewater, recirculated water, and wastes from the denominator.	eu-pef-2021; mass-balance-identity
allocation_disclosure	Published foreground package	Report output masses, allocation fractions, co-product status and destination, price period if an economic sensitivity is used, excluded waste-treatment burdens, and the change in results under a no-credit sensitivity.	eu-pef-2021

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_mass	refining_train	Crude-oil input and internal oil transfers	Weighbridge, calibrated tank gauge, batch sheet, and inventory reconciliation	material identity; supplier; batch; opening stock; receipts; transfers; closing stock; net mass; temperature; moisture or volatile convention	Reconcile calibrated mass or volume-and-density records to each batch and monthly inventory	kg	Each receipt and batch; monthly reconciliation	At least 12 representative consecutive months or a declared complete campaign	All units supplying the reported refinery output	Sum net input by oil identity and assign only to conforming output batches; document stock changes and rework	Calibration certificates; tank tables; weigh tickets; signed reconciliation; specification or certificate of analysis
cp_water_records	refining_train	Fresh water, reused water, cooling water, and direct abstraction	Meter and water-balance record	source; meter id; opening and closing reading; withdrawal; recirculation; discharge; purpose; batch or period	Read source and sub-meters; reconcile fresh intake, reuse, evaporation, product carryover, and discharge	m3	Daily or batch readings; monthly reconciliation	Same period as product output	Whole refinery with sub-meter allocation to refining	Net fresh water equals withdrawal minus exported or returned uncontaminated water; recirculated volume is disclosed separately	Meter calibration; utility invoice; water-balance sign-off
cp_chemical_dosing	refining_train	Alkali, acid, bleaching earth, activated carbon, and filter aid	Recipe, dosing meter, purchase, and stock record	chemical identity; concentration; lot; gross solution mass; active fraction; batch; opening and closing stock	Reconcile automated dosing or weighed batch additions with purchase and inventory records	kg	Each batch; monthly reconciliation	Same period as product output	All refining lines in scope	Calculate active reagent as solution mass multiplied by certified active fraction; retain each chemical separately	Dosing calibration; supplier certificate; batch recipe; stock reconciliation
cp_energy_records	refining_train	Electricity, steam, purchased heat, and fuels	Meter, invoice, boiler log, and energy-balance record	carrier; meter id; quantity; unit; heating value; steam condition; generation efficiency; allocation key; period	Read sub-meters where available and reconcile with invoices or fuel stocks	kWh or MJ	Continuous or daily; monthly reconciliation	At least 12 representative consecutive months or a complete campaign	Refining train and declared shared utilities	Preserve carriers; convert to final energy with documented factors; assign shared utility use by metered demand before any allocation	Meter calibration; invoices; boiler logs; documented conversion factors; energy-balance review
cp_output_and_residue_mass	refining_train	Refined oil, co-products, and solid or liquid residues	Tank, scale, dispatch, sales, and waste-transfer record	output identity; product or waste status; batch; net mass; moisture; oil content where relevant; destination; revenue or disposal route	Reconcile production tanks, packaged bulk dispatch, co-product sales, and waste transfers	kg	Each batch or dispatch; monthly reconciliation	Same period as input and utility records	All output and residue handling areas in scope	Sum by identity and destination; keep marketable co-products separate from wastes and internal recycle	Calibrated scales or tank tables; dispatch documents; sales records; waste transfer notes; laboratory oil-content result
cp_wastewater_records	refining_train	Process wastewater and pollutant load	Flow meter, composite sample, and treatment record	stream; flow; COD; BOD; total suspended solids; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; oils and grease; pH; treatment destination	Meter discharge and sample under the applicable permit or site monitoring plan	m3 and kg pollutant	Flow continuous or daily; laboratory frequency justified by variability	Same period as product output and representative operating conditions	All refinery wastewater outlets in scope	Calculate pollutant load as concentration multiplied by compatible measured flow; separate uncontaminated cooling water	Meter calibration; accredited laboratory report; chain of custody; treatment operator record
cp_direct_emissions	refining_train	Direct air and water emissions	Stack test, continuous monitor, leak record, and method calculation	substance; compartment; concentration; flow; operating hours; fuel activity; factor; abatement status	Use measured emission and gas-flow data where available; otherwise calculate from collected activity and cited factor	kg	Permit frequency and after material process change	Same period as product output or a justified representative test	All direct emission points serving the refining train	Integrate measured rate over operating time or multiply measured activity by the cited factor; prevent double counting with energy datasets	Accredited test report; monitor QA; activity record; factor reference; uncertainty statement

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_normalize_reference	Every inventory row	normalized amount = period amount / net conforming refined-oil output in the same period	Period flow amount; net refined-oil output	Amount per 1 kg or 1 tonne refined oil	mass-balance-identity
calc_active_reagent	Alkali and acid solutions	active reagent mass = solution mass x certified active mass fraction	Solution mass; certificate concentration	kg active reagent	eu-fdm-bref-2019
calc_final_energy	Refinery energy screen	total final energy = purchased electricity + purchased heat + fuel lower-heating-value input + net imported steam energy; keep carrier rows available	Metered carrier quantities; heating values; steam enthalpy; exported energy	MWh final energy per tonne refined oil	eu-fdm-bat-2019
calc_oil_phase_closure	Oil-bearing inputs and outputs	closure = (refined oil + oil contained in co-products + oil contained in wastes + measured oil losses) / crude-oil input x 100	Crude-oil input; output masses; measured oil contents; identified losses	Oil-phase mass closure percent	mass-balance-identity
calc_physical_allocation	Remaining shared burdens	allocation fraction for output i = net mass of marketable output i / sum of net masses of all marketable outputs	Measured refined-oil and marketable co-product masses	Output-specific allocation fractions summing to 1	eu-pef-2021; mass-balance-identity

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	Reference product and crude-oil input	Preserve named oil source, species or commercial designation, low-erucic status when claimed, grade, route, pretreatment state, and applicable specification for every contributing batch.	Product specification; certificate of analysis; supplier declaration; batch genealogy
dq_measurement	Mass, water, energy, chemicals, and outputs	Use calibrated measurement where material; document resolution, conversion factors, stock corrections, and uncertainty; estimates shall be separately flagged and sensitivity-tested.	Calibration certificate; meter register; reconciliation; uncertainty record
dq_temporal	Published average	Use at least 12 representative consecutive months or a complete declared campaign; explain shutdowns, abnormal batches, and seasonal or feedstock shifts.	Production calendar; batch list; maintenance and exception log
dq_completeness	Foreground inventory	Reconcile all measured crude-oil, chemical, energy, and water records to the selected production basis and explicitly assess every omitted or unreconciled balance for environmental significance.	Completeness reconciliation by flow family; omission register; reviewer sign-off
dq_route_and_site	Technology and geography	Identify chemical or physical refining, actual degumming, neutralisation, bleaching, and deodorisation configuration, vacuum and wastewater systems, site integration, and geography.	Process flow diagram; equipment list; site description; operator confirmation
dq_source_currency	External ranges and method rules	Record source edition and retrieval date; treat BAT ranges as QA screens and reassess applicability after a material technology, feedstock, or regulatory change.	Source register; applicability review; change log

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validation_reference_identity	Reference flow	The reference output UUID shall be e30cf6ff-7dfb-4972-affc-6cab3ae17283, its quantitative flow property shall be Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, and the normalized amount shall be exactly 1 kg.
validation_product_scope	Product identity	Reject a package that does not declare named oil source, grade, refining route, crude-oil pretreatment, geography, period, and bulk delivery state, or that represents a crude, hydrogenated, interesterified, volatile, blended, or biodiesel product outside this scope.	codex-cxs-210-1999; unsd-cpc-v3-2025
validation_route_inventory	Process completeness	Chemical refining shall include collected records for degumming or neutralisation, bleaching, and deodorisation. Physical refining shall include collected records for adequate pretreatment or degumming, bleaching, and distillative deacidification or deodorisation. Bypassed steps require explicit justification.	eu-fdm-bref-2019
validation_mass_closure	Oil-phase mass balance	Investigate oil-phase closure outside 95-105 percent; do not force closure by changing the fixed reference output or hiding unmeasured residues. The interval is a provisional QA tolerance, not a permitted process loss.	mass-balance-identity
validation_bat_screens	Annual stand-alone refinery totals	Flag, but do not automatically reject, final energy outside 0.1-0.45 MWh/t oil or net water consumption outside 0.15-0.9 m3/t oil. Confirm installation type, boundary, route, and operating context before concluding that data are erroneous.	eu-fdm-bat-2019
validation_coproduct_allocation	Co-products and wastes	Allocation fractions shall sum to 1 within rounding; every included co-product shall have measured mass and documented beneficial destination, while every excluded residue shall be linked to waste treatment without an allocation credit.	eu-pef-2021; eu-fdm-bref-2019
validation_no_double_count	Upstream and downstream datasets	Do not duplicate seed cultivation, crushing or extraction burdens contained in the crude-oil dataset, direct emissions already represented in purchased-energy datasets, or wastewater treatment both on site and in an off-site treatment dataset.	eu-pef-2021

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground production dataset for stand-alone refinery-gate refined named oil
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset after methodology and translation review and publication
allowed_use	Product and process LCA requiring bulk refined rape, colza, canola, or mustard fixed oil at the refinery gate when geography, period, grade, route, upstream crude-oil dataset, and allocation are compatible
excluded_use	Crude or virgin oil; farm-gate seed; integrated crushing and refining without explicit boundary expansion; hydrogenated or interesterified oil; biodiesel; volatile mustard oil; packaged retail oil; comparative food-safety or legal-conformity claims without separate verification
required_metadata	PCR id and version state; reference-flow UUID; named oil source and low-erucic status where applicable; grade and specification; chemical or physical route; crude-oil pretreatment and upstream dataset; geography; technology; production period; bulk delivery state; co-product status and allocation; wastewater treatment; data owner and review state
required_quality_disclosure	Foreground share; measurement and estimation shares; temporal coverage; completeness by flow family; mass closure; energy and water BAT-screen result; omitted flows; provisional reasoned ranges used; source applicability; allocation sensitivity; unresolved UUIDs
update_trigger	Material change in feedstock identity or origin, refining route or equipment, energy or water system, co-product destination, allocation, product specification, regulation, site geography, or normalized major inputs or outputs beyond documented uncertainty or process-control limits

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
codex-cxs-210-1999	standard	Codex Alimentarius, CXS 210-1999, Standard for Named Vegetable Oils, official standard listing last modified 2024 and official text; https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/list-standards/en/ ; retrieved 2026-08-10	Rapeseed, low-erucic or canola, and mustardseed oil identity; edible-oil applicability and product specification linkage
unsd-cpc-v3-2025	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 3.0 explanatory notes, subclass 21642; https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf ; retrieved 2026-08-10	Classification context and refined named-oil product boundary
eu-fdm-bref-2019	official_guidance	European Commission Joint Research Centre, Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries, JRC118627, 2019; https://bureau-industrial-transformation.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2020-01/JRC118627_FDM_Bref_2019_published.pdf ; retrieved 2026-08-10	Chemical and physical refining sequence; degumming, neutralisation, bleaching, and deodorisation; reagent ranges; co-products, residues, and emissions
eu-fdm-bat-2019	standard	Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/2031 establishing BAT conclusions for the food, drink and milk industries, especially Section 10 oilseed processing and vegetable oil refining; https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec_impl/2019/2031/oj ; retrieved 2026-08-10	Stand-alone refining energy and water QA screens; monitoring and environmental-performance context
eu-pef-2021	official_guidance	Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on Environmental Footprint methods, Annex I; https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32021H2279 ; retrieved 2026-08-10	Multi-functionality hierarchy, allocation disclosure, material completeness, data collection, and quality principles
mass-balance-identity	method_factor	Mass conservation identity applied to the measured oil phase of the foreground refining train	Reference normalization, oil-phase closure, and physical mass allocation calculations