Other pelagic fish (excluding tunas, skipjack, or stripe-bellied bonito), frozen

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers the foreground preparation, freezing, finishing, packaging, and frozen storage of eligible pelagic finfish sold frozen as whole, round, headed, gutted, dressed, or comparable non-fillet presentations. The product may be individually frozen or block frozen and may be glazed, provided the presentation and glaze status are declared.

The category includes the pelagic species group described by CPC 3.0 subclass 21216, including herrings, sardines, sardinellas, brisling or sprats, mackerels, jack and horse mackerels, cobia, swordfish, and other pelagic fish not assigned to the excluded tuna/skipjack/stripe-bellied-bonito subclass. Species identity, scientific name where available, harvest area, production system, and presentation remain required lot-level qualifiers.

Excluded products are tunas, skipjack, stripe-bellied bonito, frozen fish fillets, frozen fish meat whether or not minced, frozen fish livers and roes, coated fish products, canned fish, smoked fish, dried or salted fish, and products for which the declared reference output includes cooking or another preservation route beyond freezing. CXS 190-1995 is a comparable quality and cold-chain reference only; its fillet scope does not bring fillets into this PCR.

The default foreground boundary begins with receipt of landed or supplied eligible fish at the freezing/processing facility and ends with 1 kg net frozen fish at the facility dispatch gate after the declared frozen-storage period. Capture or aquaculture, landing, inbound transport, downstream distribution, retail, cooking, consumption, and end-of-life are outside the foreground boundary and require separate upstream or downstream datasets when included in a study.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.meat-fish-fruits-vegetables-oils-and-fats.other-pelagic-fish-excluding-tunas-skipjack-or-stripe-bellied-bonito-frozen
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 21216, exact scope reference
covered_products	Frozen eligible pelagic finfish in whole, round, headed, gutted, dressed, or comparable non-fillet presentations; glazed or unglazed; individually or block frozen
excluded_products	Tunas, skipjack, stripe-bellied bonito; fillets; minced or other fish meat; livers and roes; coated, canned, smoked, dried, salted, cooked, or otherwise preserved fish
representative_product	Net frozen eligible pelagic fish, packed for dispatch from a freezing/processing facility
production_route	Receipt and lot verification; sorting and preparation as applicable; freezing; optional glazing; packaging; frozen storage; dispatch
market_state	Frozen food product for human consumption, with species, presentation, glaze status, storage regime, and net mass declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provision of eligible frozen pelagic fish for human consumption at the freezing/processing facility dispatch gate
How much	1 kg net fish mass, excluding glaze water and packaging
How well	Food-grade, lot-traceable product meeting the declared presentation, species, freezing, storage, and applicable food-safety specifications
How long or cycle	One completed production lot through the declared frozen-storage period to dispatch
reference_flow_link	rf_other_pelagic_fish_frozen_net_mass

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg net frozen fish mass
Reference product flow	Other pelagic fish (excluding tunas, skipjack, or stripe-bellied bonito), frozen c8aa403f-97b6-44b2-afa8-862d825fec2f
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	species common name; scientific name where available; harvest area; wild-caught or aquaculture origin; supplier or vessel and lot identifier; product presentation; whole/round/headed/gutted/dressed state; individually or block frozen; freezing method; glaze status and glaze fraction; packaging configuration; net fish mass; receipt temperature; thermal-centre freezing endpoint; frozen-storage temperature and duration; facility geography; production period

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Report exactly 1 kg net fish mass. Exclude glaze water and packaging from the reference amount and disclose their separately measured masses.
lot_mass_balance	Received fish, product, residues, glaze, and wastewater	Mass	kg	Use calibrated lot-level mass records on a consistent wet-mass basis and reconcile inputs, products, retained intermediates, residues, and measured liquid discharges.
energy_units	Electricity and fuels	Energy	kWh or MJ	Preserve the metered unit and conversion factor; do not mix electrical kWh and fuel lower-heating-value energy without an explicit conversion record.
temperature_records	Receipt, freezing, and frozen storage	Temperature	°C	Retain calibrated time-temperature records. For a quick-frozen route, verify a thermal-centre temperature of -18 °C or colder after thermal stabilization and continued deep-frozen storage.
storage_duration	Frozen storage	Time	day	Report actual lot-weighted storage duration and normalize storage energy to the reference product using product-mass-days.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Eligible landed or supplied pelagic fish received at the freezing/processing facility, with species, origin, presentation, supplier/vessel lot, inbound mass, and receipt temperature declared
starting_condition_role	Upstream product input to foreground frozen-fish preparation and preservation
product_classification_scope	Frozen non-fillet pelagic fish within the semantic scope represented by CPC 3.0 subclass 21216; classification is an external scope reference, not PCR identity
recursive_input_rule	If received fish is already frozen and falls in the same product category, record it as an upstream product input with a separately referenced upstream dataset; do not recursively reproduce its prior freezing inventory in this foreground package
upstream_dataset_requirement	Provide or cite species-, origin-, harvest/production-system-, and presentation-representative upstream datasets for received fish and other material or energy inputs
disclosure	Declare foreground gate, upstream cut, included preparation steps, freezing technology, glazing, packaging, storage duration, shared-utility allocation, co-product treatment, exclusions, and any data gaps

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
sb_foreground_gate	Foreground process system	Include receipt/verification, applicable preparation, freezing, optional glazing, packaging, frozen storage, on-site utilities, wastes, wastewater, and direct refrigerant losses through facility dispatch.	codex-cxc-52-2003; eu-pef-2021-2279
sb_upstream_inputs	Received fish and purchased inputs	Link received fish, ice, water, energy carriers, refrigerants, and packaging to representative upstream datasets; do not treat missing upstream burdens as zero.	eu-pef-2021-2279
sb_cold_chain	Freezing and frozen storage	Include time-temperature-controlled freezing and storage operations and retain records sufficient to demonstrate the declared frozen state and food-safety controls.	codex-cxc-52-2003; codex-cxs-190-1995
sb_exclusions	Study boundary	Exclude capture/aquaculture, inbound transport, downstream distribution, retail, cooking, consumption, and end-of-life from this foreground package unless explicitly added with separate datasets and disclosed.	unsd-cpc-3-2025; eu-pef-2021-2279

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
receipt_preparation	Receipt, sorting, and preparation	required	Always; individual preparation operations apply only when performed at the reporting facility	Foreground material reception and conditioning	per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
freezing	Freezing	required	Always for fish frozen at the reporting facility; for already-frozen recursive input, record only re-freezing or temperature recovery actually performed	Foreground preservation	per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
finishing_packaging	Glazing, finishing, and packaging	required	Packaging is required; glazing, washing, grading, and repacking are included when performed	Foreground finishing	per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
frozen_storage	Frozen storage and dispatch	required	Always; report actual storage duration, including zero-day direct dispatch if supported	Foreground cold storage	per 1 kg net frozen fish and declared storage duration

Process: Receipt, sorting, and preparation (receipt_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Received wild pelagic fish (received_wild_fish)

Record the wet mass of wild-caught pelagic fish in this PCR scope crossing the facility gate and link it to a harvest-area-, species-, presentation-, and temperature-matched upstream dataset.

• Selected flow: Other wild pelagic fish (excluding tunas, skipjack, or stripe-bellied bonito), live, fresh or chilled 5e2db07e-9bba-476e-8c58-ff347637a51d
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured wild-caught lot input mass normalized to 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_traceability
• Sources: unsd-cpc-3-2025; codex-cxc-52-2003

Received farmed pelagic fish (received_farmed_fish)

Record the wet mass of farmed pelagic fish in this PCR scope crossing the facility gate and link it to a production-system-, species-, presentation-, and temperature-matched upstream dataset.

• Selected flow: Other farmed pelagic fish (excluding tunas, skipjack, or stripe-bellied bonito), live, fresh or chilled f752adf8-9415-415a-98f8-df1dd78d7a11
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured farmed-fish lot input mass normalized to 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_traceability
• Sources: unsd-cpc-3-2025; codex-cxc-52-2003

Preparation water (preparation_water)

Record tap water used for washing, product cleaning, or preparation; product-contact water must meet the applicable potable-water requirement.

• Selected flow: Tap water d1e0e36c-07f0-4a75-bdcb-efb5d9e2ac36
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured water use assigned to the lot, net of separately measured recirculation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_ice_records
• Sources: codex-cxc-52-2003
• Range: Provisional preparation-water QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg/kg net frozen fish
  • Basis: facility preparation water assigned per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Ice for handling and temperature control (handling_ice)

Record ice consumed for lot handling and temperature control; exclude recovered meltwater only when it is measured and reused within the same system.

• Selected flow: Ice 24f9f87d-3f3e-49cb-9413-c7471f5d290b
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured issued ice less measured recovered ice returned to the same system
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_ice_records
• Sources: codex-cxc-52-2003
• Range: Provisional handling-ice QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg/kg net frozen fish
  • Basis: ice consumed per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Preparation low-voltage grid electricity (preparation_electricity_low_voltage)

Record only alternating-current low-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, low-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: process meter or documented allocation of facility meter readings
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Preparation medium-voltage grid electricity (preparation_electricity_medium_voltage)

Record only alternating-current medium-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, medium-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: process meter or documented allocation of facility meter readings
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Preparation high-voltage grid electricity (preparation_electricity_high_voltage)

Record only alternating-current high-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, high-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: process meter or documented allocation of facility meter readings
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared pelagic-fish intermediate (prepared_fish)

Record the mass of the non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate transferred to freezing after the preparation operations actually performed.

• Selected flow: Prepared non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer mass or calculated lot mass balance
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_traceability

Waste flows

Rejected pelagic fish (rejected_fish)

Record whole fish rejected from the eligible lot as its own waste exchange.

• Selected flow: Rejected non-tuna pelagic fish
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured rejected-fish mass by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_traceability

Removed fish heads (fish_heads)

Record fish heads removed during preparation as their own waste exchange.

• Selected flow: Pelagic-fish heads
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured removed-head mass by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_traceability

Removed fish viscera (fish_viscera)

Record fish viscera removed during preparation as their own waste exchange.

• Selected flow: Pelagic-fish viscera
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured removed-viscera mass by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_traceability

Fish trimmings and offcuts (fish_trimmings)

Record fish trimmings and offcuts generated during preparation as their own waste exchange.

• Selected flow: Pelagic-fish trimmings and offcuts
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured trimming and offcut mass by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_traceability

Preparation wastewater (preparation_wastewater)

Record wastewater leaving preparation, including product-contact water and melted ice, net of measured reuse and retained water.

• Selected flow: Wastewater from pelagic-fish preparation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured discharge or calculated water balance assigned to the lot
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_ice_records
• Range: Provisional preparation-wastewater QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg/kg net frozen fish
  • Basis: discharged preparation wastewater per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Freezing (freezing)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared fish entering freezer (fish_to_freezer)

Record the measured mass, presentation, and entry temperature of the prepared non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate loaded to the freezer.

• Selected flow: Prepared non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured freezer-load mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_freezing_records
• Sources: codex-cxc-52-2003

Freezing low-voltage grid electricity (freezing_electricity_low_voltage)

Record only alternating-current low-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, low-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: freezing-system meter or documented physical allocation of shared refrigeration electricity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Freezing medium-voltage grid electricity (freezing_electricity_medium_voltage)

Record only alternating-current medium-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, medium-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: freezing-system meter or documented physical allocation of shared refrigeration electricity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Freezing high-voltage grid electricity (freezing_electricity_high_voltage)

Record only alternating-current high-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, high-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: freezing-system meter or documented physical allocation of shared refrigeration electricity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Freezing refrigerant R134a make-up (freezing_refrigerant_r134a_makeup)

Apply this row only when the refrigeration equipment serving this process uses R134a; record its make-up separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant, R134a 047bf9fb-8b5a-4070-8927-8df04e7241b3
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: allocated measured refrigerant additions reconciled with beginning charge, ending charge, recovery, and transfer records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Freezing refrigerant R404A make-up (freezing_refrigerant_r404a_makeup)

Apply this row only when the refrigeration equipment serving this process uses R404A; record its make-up separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R404A 76513c71-a148-484e-865f-2ab54afb4331
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: allocated measured refrigerant additions reconciled with beginning charge, ending charge, recovery, and transfer records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Freezing refrigerant R717 (ammonia) make-up (freezing_refrigerant_r717_makeup)

Apply this row only when the refrigeration equipment serving this process uses R717 (ammonia); record its make-up separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R717 (ammonia)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: allocated measured refrigerant additions reconciled with beginning charge, ending charge, recovery, and transfer records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Freezing refrigerant R744 (carbon dioxide) make-up (freezing_refrigerant_r744_makeup)

Apply this row only when the refrigeration equipment serving this process uses R744 (carbon dioxide); record its make-up separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R744 (carbon dioxide)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: allocated measured refrigerant additions reconciled with beginning charge, ending charge, recovery, and transfer records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Frozen pelagic-fish intermediate (frozen_fish_intermediate)

Record frozen non-tuna pelagic fish leaving the freezer, including mass, freezing method, loading time, and verified thermal-centre endpoint.

• Selected flow: Frozen non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured freezer-unload mass linked to time-temperature records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_freezing_records
• Sources: codex-cxc-52-2003; codex-cxs-190-1995

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Freezing refrigerant R134a emitted to air (freezing_refrigerant_r134a_air)

Apply this elementary-flow row only when R134a is used and its calculated loss is released to air; keep the substance separate from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: HFC-134a, to air, unspecified fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a6d2-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: refrigerant mass-balance loss assigned to freezing, excluding documented recovery and transfers
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Freezing refrigerant R404A emitted to air (freezing_refrigerant_r404a_air)

Apply this elementary-flow row only when R404A is used and its calculated loss is released to air; keep the substance separate from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R404A, to air, unspecified
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: refrigerant mass-balance loss assigned to freezing, excluding documented recovery and transfers
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Freezing refrigerant R717 (ammonia) emitted to air (freezing_refrigerant_r717_air)

Apply this elementary-flow row only when R717 (ammonia) is used and its calculated loss is released to air; keep the substance separate from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Ammonia, to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a2a9-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: refrigerant mass-balance loss assigned to freezing, excluding documented recovery and transfers
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Freezing refrigerant R744 (carbon dioxide) emitted to air (freezing_refrigerant_r744_air)

Apply this elementary-flow row only when R744 (carbon dioxide) is used and its calculated loss is released to air; keep the substance separate from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide (R744), to air, unspecified
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: refrigerant mass-balance loss assigned to freezing, excluding documented recovery and transfers
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Process: Glazing, finishing, and packaging (finishing_packaging)

Inputs

Product flows

Frozen fish entering finishing (fish_to_finishing)

Record the frozen non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate transferred to finishing and retain presentation and lot linkage.

• Selected flow: Frozen non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records

Glazing water (glazing_water)

When glazing is performed, record tap water applied and separately determine glaze mass so the reference amount remains net fish mass; product-contact water must meet the applicable potable-water requirement.

• Selected flow: Tap water d1e0e36c-07f0-4a75-bdcb-efb5d9e2ac36
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured glazing-water input assigned to the lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995
• Range: Provisional glaze-water QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg/kg net frozen fish
  • Basis: glaze water applied per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Plastic-film package component (packaging_plastic_film)

Record this packaging component separately when it is present in the declared package configuration; reusable returns must be measured separately.

• Selected flow: Plastic Film 8c3dd40c-a22b-48b5-bdec-7da4d3282bfa
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: bill-of-materials or measured component consumption less documented reusable returns
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995

Corrugated-board box (packaging_corrugated_box)

Record this packaging component separately when it is present in the declared package configuration; reusable returns must be measured separately.

• Selected flow: corrugated board boxes 4f197bec-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: bill-of-materials or measured component consumption less documented reusable returns
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995

Expanded-polystyrene fish box (packaging_expanded_polystyrene_box)

Record this packaging component separately when it is present in the declared package configuration; reusable returns must be measured separately.

• Selected flow: Expanded-polystyrene fish box
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: bill-of-materials or measured component consumption less documented reusable returns
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995

Wood pallet (packaging_wood_pallet)

Record this packaging component separately when it is present in the declared package configuration; reusable returns must be measured separately.

• Selected flow: Wood pallet
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: bill-of-materials or measured component consumption less documented reusable returns
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995

Paper packaging label (packaging_paper_label)

Record this packaging component separately when it is present in the declared package configuration; reusable returns must be measured separately.

• Selected flow: Packaging label, paper d5890643-6859-42b5-9e05-556b072c6a8c
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: bill-of-materials or measured component consumption less documented reusable returns
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995

Finishing and packaging low-voltage grid electricity (packaging_electricity_low_voltage)

Record only alternating-current low-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, low-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: process meter or documented allocation of facility meter readings
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Finishing and packaging medium-voltage grid electricity (packaging_electricity_medium_voltage)

Record only alternating-current medium-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, medium-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: process meter or documented allocation of facility meter readings
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Finishing and packaging high-voltage grid electricity (packaging_electricity_high_voltage)

Record only alternating-current high-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, high-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: process meter or documented allocation of facility meter readings
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Packaged frozen fish before storage (packaged_frozen_fish)

Record the packaged frozen non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate and separately retain gross packaged mass, net fish mass, glaze mass, packaging mass, and lot identity.

• Selected flow: Packaged frozen non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: net fish mass calculated from verified product, glaze, and packaging measurements
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995

Waste flows

Plastic-film packaging scrap (plastic_film_packaging_scrap)

Record this rejected packaging component as its own waste exchange and retain its measured destination record.

• Selected flow: Plastic-film packaging scrap
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured component scrap assigned to the lot by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records

Corrugated-board box packaging scrap (corrugated_box_packaging_scrap)

Record this rejected packaging component as its own waste exchange and retain its measured destination record.

• Selected flow: Packaging waste, cardboard 72270223-04b1-4986-a546-94e5a0821317
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured component scrap assigned to the lot by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records

Expanded-polystyrene fish-box scrap (expanded_polystyrene_box_scrap)

Record this rejected packaging component as its own waste exchange and retain its measured destination record.

• Selected flow: Expanded-polystyrene fish-box scrap
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured component scrap assigned to the lot by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records

Broken wood-pallet waste (wood_pallet_scrap)

Record this rejected packaging component as its own waste exchange and retain its measured destination record.

• Selected flow: Broken wood pallet
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured component scrap assigned to the lot by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records

Paper-label packaging scrap (paper_label_packaging_scrap)

Record this rejected packaging component as its own waste exchange and retain its measured destination record.

• Selected flow: Paper-label packaging scrap
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured component scrap assigned to the lot by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records

Finishing wastewater (finishing_wastewater)

Record wastewater from glazing and finishing, including glaze drainage and cleaning water assigned to finishing, net of measured reuse.

• Selected flow: Wastewater from glazing and fish finishing
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured discharge or calculated water balance assigned to the lot
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_glaze_records
• Range: Provisional finishing-wastewater QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: kg/kg net frozen fish
  • Basis: finishing wastewater per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Frozen storage and dispatch (frozen_storage)

Inputs

Product flows

Packaged frozen fish entering storage (fish_to_storage)

Record the lot mass and entry temperature of the packaged frozen non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate entering frozen storage.

• Selected flow: Packaged frozen non-tuna pelagic-fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured lot mass entering frozen storage
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_dispatch_records

Frozen-storage low-voltage grid electricity (storage_electricity_low_voltage)

Record only alternating-current low-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, low-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: metered storage electricity allocated by measured product-mass-days or a more causal documented driver
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish and declared storage day
• Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_dispatch_records

Frozen-storage medium-voltage grid electricity (storage_electricity_medium_voltage)

Record only alternating-current medium-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, medium-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: metered storage electricity allocated by measured product-mass-days or a more causal documented driver
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish and declared storage day
• Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_dispatch_records

Frozen-storage high-voltage grid electricity (storage_electricity_high_voltage)

Record only alternating-current high-voltage grid supply delivered to the equipment serving this process; keep every other voltage and supply scenario in its own row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current, high-voltage grid supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: metered storage electricity allocated by measured product-mass-days or a more causal documented driver
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish and declared storage day
• Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_dispatch_records

Frozen-storage refrigerant R134a make-up (storage_refrigerant_r134a_makeup)

Apply this row only when the refrigeration equipment serving this process uses R134a; record its make-up separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant, R134a 047bf9fb-8b5a-4070-8927-8df04e7241b3
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated refrigerant make-up assigned to storage by equipment charge and operating record
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Frozen-storage refrigerant R404A make-up (storage_refrigerant_r404a_makeup)

Apply this row only when the refrigeration equipment serving this process uses R404A; record its make-up separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R404A 33db0143-ba65-4036-a57b-e32dcdecb779
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated refrigerant make-up assigned to storage by equipment charge and operating record
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Frozen-storage refrigerant R717 (ammonia) make-up (storage_refrigerant_r717_makeup)

Apply this row only when the refrigeration equipment serving this process uses R717 (ammonia); record its make-up separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R717 (ammonia)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated refrigerant make-up assigned to storage by equipment charge and operating record
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Frozen-storage refrigerant R744 (carbon dioxide) make-up (storage_refrigerant_r744_makeup)

Apply this row only when the refrigeration equipment serving this process uses R744 (carbon dioxide); record its make-up separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R744 (carbon dioxide)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated refrigerant make-up assigned to storage by equipment charge and operating record
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Net frozen fish at dispatch (reference_frozen_fish_output)

This is the reference product output after the declared storage period. Report net fish mass separately from glaze and packaging.

• Selected flow: Other pelagic fish (excluding tunas, skipjack, or stripe-bellied bonito), frozen c8aa403f-97b6-44b2-afa8-862d825fec2f
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: fixed reference output of 1 kg net fish mass
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Not applicable (not_applicable)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
• Sources: unsd-cpc-3-2025

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Frozen-storage refrigerant R134a emitted to air (storage_refrigerant_r134a_air)

Apply this elementary-flow row only when R134a is used and its calculated loss is released to air; keep the substance separate from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: HFC-134a, to air, unspecified fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a6d2-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: refrigerant mass-balance loss assigned to storage, excluding documented recovery and transfers
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Frozen-storage refrigerant R404A emitted to air (storage_refrigerant_r404a_air)

Apply this elementary-flow row only when R404A is used and its calculated loss is released to air; keep the substance separate from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R404A, to air, unspecified
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: refrigerant mass-balance loss assigned to storage, excluding documented recovery and transfers
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Frozen-storage refrigerant R717 (ammonia) emitted to air (storage_refrigerant_r717_air)

Apply this elementary-flow row only when R717 (ammonia) is used and its calculated loss is released to air; keep the substance separate from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Ammonia, to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a2a9-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: refrigerant mass-balance loss assigned to storage, excluding documented recovery and transfers
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Frozen-storage refrigerant R744 (carbon dioxide) emitted to air (storage_refrigerant_r744_air)

Apply this elementary-flow row only when R744 (carbon dioxide) is used and its calculated loss is released to air; keep the substance separate from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide (R744), to air, unspecified
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: refrigerant mass-balance loss assigned to storage, excluding documented recovery and transfers
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish at dispatch
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
alloc_subdivision_first	Multi-product facility and shared process lines	Prefer process subdivision, lot separation, and direct metering. Do not allocate a directly measured lot input or emission to unrelated products.	eu-pef-2021-2279
alloc_physical_driver	Shared utilities, water, refrigeration, storage, and cleaning	Allocate remaining shared flows using documented causal physical drivers such as metered energy, equipment operating time, mass throughput, cleaning events, or product-mass-days; disclose the driver and denominator.	eu-pef-2021-2279
alloc_coproducts	Marketable fish parts or other exported co-products	Where subdivision is not possible, use a demonstrated physical causal relationship; if no defensible physical relationship exists, use lot- or annual-period economic allocation based on recorded quantities and representative prices and disclose sensitivity.	eu-pef-2021-2279
alloc_waste_and_recovery	Residues, wastewater, packaging scrap, recovered refrigerant, and recycled materials	Classify outputs by actual legal and commercial status and destination. Do not assign avoided-burden credits inside this foreground package unless the downstream substitution method is explicitly declared and consistently applied.	eu-pef-2021-2279

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_lot_mass_traceability	receipt_preparation	received fish, prepared fish, residues, lot identity	scale tickets and lot records	species; scientific name if available; origin; supplier/vessel; lot id; presentation; inbound mass; prepared mass; residue mass by destination; timestamps	calibrated scales linked to lot traceability records	kg	every lot and material transfer	representative production period, at least all included lots	all reporting-facility lines in scope	sum masses by lot and normalize to verified net dispatch mass	calibration certificates; reconciliation record; supplier/landing records; disposition evidence
cp_water_ice_records	receipt_preparation	preparation water, ice, wastewater	meter, purchase, production, and discharge records	water meter readings; ice issues; recovered ice/water; wastewater meter or balance fields	process meters where available; otherwise documented facility balance and allocation	kg or m3 with density conversion	each production day or lot	same period as production inventory	all relevant preparation operations	net use and discharge allocated by causal process driver	meter checks; potable-water evidence; balance reconciliation
cp_energy_records	receipt_preparation; freezing; finishing_packaging	process electricity	meter and equipment records	meter start/end; equipment; operating hours; allocation driver; conversion factor	dedicated meter preferred; otherwise documented physical allocation	kWh	each lot, shift, or day	same period as production inventory	all in-scope equipment	sum by process and allocate to lots using documented causal driver	meter calibration or invoice reconciliation; allocation worksheet
cp_freezing_records	freezing	freezer load, temperature, time, and output	freezer batch and continuous logger records	lot id; load mass; entry temperature; start/end time; freezing method; thermal-centre measurements; unload mass; alarms; corrective actions	calibrated probes and continuous or batch time-temperature logs	kg; °C; h	every freezer batch or continuous lot	all included production lots	all in-scope freezers	link each lot to its actual freezing record; mass-weight aggregates only after lot checks	probe calibration; logger file; HACCP/CCP or equivalent control record
cp_packaging_glaze_records	finishing_packaging	glaze, net mass, packaging, scrap, wastewater	recipe/BOM, scales, water meter, and waste records	gross product mass; net fish mass; glaze mass; packaging mass by material; packaging scrap; water input; discharge; label claims	calibrated scales, packaging issue records, and water balance	kg	every lot and packaging configuration	all included production lots	all in-scope finishing and packaging lines	calculate lot net mass and material intensities, then mass-weight	scale calibration; label/net-content check; packaging specifications; water-quality evidence
cp_storage_dispatch_records	frozen_storage	storage duration, temperature, energy, and dispatch mass	warehouse management, temperature logger, and energy meter records	lot entry/exit; mass; entry/exit temperature; chamber temperature; alarms; kWh; storage zone; dispatch net mass	continuous chamber logging with lot timestamps and metered energy	kg; day; °C; kWh	continuous temperature; each lot movement; daily or billing-period energy	full storage period for all included lots	all in-scope cold rooms and dispatch zones	allocate energy by product-mass-days or more causal driver and normalize to dispatch net mass	logger calibration; alarm/corrective-action records; meter/invoice reconciliation
cp_refrigerant_records	freezing; frozen_storage	refrigerant make-up and emissions	equipment inventory and service records	substance; equipment id; opening/closing charge; additions; recovery; transfers; service loss; allocation driver	annual or campaign mass balance reconciled to service records	kg by refrigerant substance	every service event and inventory period	inventory period overlapping reported production	all in-scope freezing and storage refrigeration equipment	calculate loss by substance and allocate by equipment-specific causal driver	invoices; technician reports; recovery records; charge reconciliation

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_net_reference_mass	Glazed or packaged output	net fish mass = gross packed mass - measured glaze mass - packaging mass; for unglazed product, set glaze mass to measured zero	gross packed mass; glaze mass; packaging mass	kg net frozen fish	codex-cxs-190-1995
calc_preparation_yield	Receipt and preparation	preparation yield = prepared fish mass / received eligible fish mass; separately report excluded or diverted lots	prepared fish mass; received fish mass	kg/kg
calc_water_balance	Preparation and finishing	wastewater = water input + ice melt + other measured liquid input - product/glaze retention - measured reuse - evaporation or other measured destination	water, ice, retention, reuse, discharge records	kg wastewater
calc_energy_intensity	Each energy-using process	process energy intensity = process-metered or physically allocated energy / net reference output	meter readings; allocation driver; net fish mass	kWh/kg net frozen fish	eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_storage_energy	Frozen storage	storage energy intensity = allocated storage electricity / sum of product-mass-days; report lot storage duration separately	chamber electricity; lot mass; entry/exit timestamps	kWh/(kg·day) and kWh/kg lot	eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_refrigerant_loss	Refrigeration systems	refrigerant loss = opening charge + additions + received transfers - closing charge - recovered refrigerant - outgoing transfers, calculated separately by substance	charge inventory and service records	kg refrigerant emitted, subject to reconciliation
calc_shared_flow_allocation	Shared processes	allocate only residual shared flow after subdivision using the documented causal physical driver; retain numerator, denominator, and sensitivity for any economic fallback	shared-flow total; product driver values; price/quantity records if needed	allocated flow per product lot	eu-pef-2021-2279

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity_traceability	Product and received fish	Preserve one-to-one lot linkage for species, origin, supplier/vessel, presentation, production system, and dispatch product; excluded tuna/bonito categories and fillets must be detectably rejected from scope.	lot genealogy; species declaration; supplier/landing documents; product specification
dq_measurement	Mass, energy, water, temperature, and time	Use calibrated instruments where available, retain unit conversions, and document estimation and allocation whenever direct measurement is unavailable.	calibration records; meter logs; conversion worksheet; allocation record
dq_temporal_coverage	Foreground inventory	Cover a representative production period including seasonal species mix and operational variation; disclose excluded downtime, abnormal batches, and data gaps.	production calendar; lot list; completeness reconciliation
dq_completeness	Foreground boundary	Reconcile received fish, net product, residues, water/wastewater, energy, packaging, refrigerant, and cold-storage records; explain any material imbalance or missing flow.	signed mass and utility balances; exception log
dq_food_safety_quality	Product-contact operations and frozen chain	Retain potable-water evidence, sanitation prerequisites, hazard-control records, freezing endpoint, storage temperature, alarms, corrective actions, and net-content checks appropriate to the declared product.	HACCP/CCP or equivalent records; water tests; time-temperature logs; quality-release records
dq_provisional_ranges	All reasoned-estimate ranges	Treat provisional ranges only as QA screens, never as evidence that foreground values are correct; replace with reviewed evidence or accumulated foreground distributions before publication-critical use.	range-review record and replacement plan

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
val_identity_scope	Product identity	Fail if species/category or presentation falls in an excluded tuna/bonito, fillet, fish-meat, liver/roe, coated, canned, smoked, dried, salted, or cooked scope, or if the required qualifiers are absent.	unsd-cpc-3-2025
val_reference_mass	Reference flow	Verify exactly 1 kg net fish mass and separate non-negative glaze and packaging masses; gross packaged mass must reconcile with declared components.	codex-cxs-190-1995
val_mass_balance	Lot and process mass	Check received fish against prepared fish, reference product, glaze retention, residues, wastewater solids where measured, and retained intermediates; flag unexplained imbalance for review.
val_freezing_cold_chain	Freezing and storage	Require lot-linked time-temperature evidence, freezing endpoint, storage duration, alarm handling, and dispatch condition; for a quick-frozen route, verify thermal-centre temperature reached -18 °C or colder after stabilization and was maintained deep frozen.	codex-cxc-52-2003; codex-cxs-190-1995
val_food_safety_records	Product-contact operations	Require water-quality, sanitation, hazard-control, product release, and traceability evidence appropriate to the facility and destination market; missing evidence makes validation inconclusive.	codex-cxc-52-2003; codex-cxs-190-1995
val_allocation	Shared processes and co-products	Verify subdivision was attempted, the selected allocation driver is causal and reproducible, exported co-products and wastes are classified by actual destination, and any economic fallback includes quantities, prices, period, and sensitivity.	eu-pef-2021-2279
val_inventory_completeness	Foreground package	Require accepted input, checks performed, checks skipped, findings, and completeness for fish mass, water, ice, energy, packaging, wastes, wastewater, refrigerants, freezing, and storage; do not interpret skipped checks as passed.	eu-pef-2021-2279
val_provisional_estimates	Reasoned-estimate ranges	Flag every provisional range as replaceable review evidence; values outside a range require explanation, while values inside a range do not establish conformity.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground production data package for frozen eligible pelagic fish at the processing-facility dispatch gate
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset after methodology, identity, evidence, and translation review
allowed_use	Species-, origin-, presentation-, technology-, geography-, time-, and storage-duration-matched LCA process or lifecycle model; supply-chain studies that add compatible upstream capture/aquaculture and transport datasets
excluded_use	Unqualified substitution for tuna/bonito products, fillets or fish meat, other preservation routes, unknown species/origin, retail or cooked products, or frozen products with materially different foreground boundaries
required_metadata	PCR id and version; product flow UUID; species and scientific name if available; origin and production system; harvest area; supplier/vessel lot; presentation; freezing method; glaze status and fraction; packaging; net mass; geography; period; storage temperature and duration; allocation method; upstream dataset references
required_quality_disclosure	Data coverage and representativeness; scale/meter/logger calibration; mass and utility balance; cold-chain and food-safety evidence; shared-utility and co-product allocation; provisional estimates; unresolved UUIDs; excluded processes and data gaps
update_trigger	Change in species or origin mix, product presentation, freezing or glazing technology, packaging, refrigeration system, storage duration, facility geography, allocation basis, applicable food-safety specification, Tiangong identity, or replacement of provisional ranges with reviewed evidence

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-2025	standard	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 3.0, Explanatory Notes, subclass 21216, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-11)	Product-category inclusion and exclusion boundary and classification wording
codex-cxc-52-2003	official_guidance	Codex Alimentarius, CXC 52-2003, Code of Practice for Fish and Fishery Products, https://www.fao.org/4/i2382e/i2382e.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-11)	Fish handling and preparation process structure, potable/product-contact water, freezing records, cold storage, hygiene, hazard control, and food-safety evidence
codex-cxs-190-1995	standard	Codex Alimentarius, CXS 190-1995, Standard for Quick-Frozen Fish Fillets, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXS%2B190-1995%252FCXS_190e.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-11)	Comparable quick-freezing, deep-frozen storage, glazing-water quality, packaging, label, and net-mass practices; not used to expand scope to fillets
eu-pef-2021-2279	official_guidance	European Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on the use of the Environmental Footprint methods to measure and communicate the life cycle environmental performance of products and organisations, CELEX 32021H2279, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32021H2279 (retrieved 2026-08-11)	Life-cycle boundary framing, high-quality foreground data, reproducible allocation disclosure, dataset use, and verification