Jams, fruit jellies, marmalades, fruit or nut purée and fruit or nut pastes

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR provides a common factory-gate foreground-data rule for marketable jams, fruit jellies, marmalades, fruit purées and pastes, and nut purées and pastes. A concrete data package shall represent one declared product, formulation, route, production site, reporting period, and market state. It shall not treat the category-average name as a substitute for those qualifiers.

The route declaration shall use one of the following route families:

1. cxs_jam_jelly_marmalade: jam, jelly, citrus marmalade, non-citrus marmalade, or jelly marmalade offered for direct consumption and claimed to conform to CXS 296-2009.
2. non_cxs_fruit_preserve: another jam, jelly, marmalade, fruit spread, reduced-sugar product, special-diet product, sweetener-formulated product, or product intended for further processing that remains within the semantic product category but is outside the CXS 296-2009 scope. Its applicable legal or buyer specification shall be declared; CXS composition limits shall not be imposed by analogy.
3. fruit_puree_or_paste: a marketable fruit purée or fruit paste made by preparation and size reduction, with route-specific optional sieving, blanching, deaeration, concentration, preservation, or aseptic treatment.
4. nut_puree_or_paste: a marketable nut purée or paste made by preparation and grinding or refining, with route-specific optional roasting, blanching, dehulling, homogenization, stabilization, or preservation.

CXS 296-2009 defines fruit purée as a possible ingredient in jam, but does not thereby establish a finished-product standard for all fruit purées, nut purées, or fruit or nut pastes. Its composition, soluble-solids, fill, defect, additive, and labelling provisions apply only to products within its stated scope and the applicable product definition. UNECE fresh-fruit and dry-produce commercial quality standards do not establish a general finished-product rule for this whole category and are not used as category-wide evidence here.

The PCR excludes unprocessed fresh fruit or nuts, fruit juices and nectars sold as beverages, frozen fruit or nuts sold as such, simply dried fruit or nuts, roasted or salted nuts sold as such, confectionery whose identity is not a fruit or nut purée or paste, and products whose declared identity falls outside the covered product names.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.meat-fish-fruits-vegetables-oils-and-fats.jams-fruit-jellies-marmalades-fruit-or-nut-purree-and-fruit-or-nut-pastes
classification_refs	UNSD CPC 3.0: 21494, “Jams, fruit jellies, marmalades, fruit or nut purree and fruit or nut pastes”
covered_products	Marketable jams, fruit jellies, citrus and non-citrus marmalades, fruit purées and pastes, and nut purées and pastes, including packaged or bulk factory-gate products and both CXS-conforming and explicitly non-CXS routes
excluded_products	Unprocessed, frozen, or simply dried fruit or nuts sold as such; fruit juices or nectars sold as beverages; roasted or salted nuts sold as such; products outside the declared fruit-or-nut preserve, purée, or paste identity
representative_product	One declared marketable product from one of the four route families, normalized to net product mass at the factory gate
production_route	Ingredient receipt and preparation; exactly one declared transformation route; final conditioning and pack-out; site utilities, cleaning, and wastewater handling
market_state	Shelf-stable, chilled, frozen, aseptic, or otherwise preserved product, packaged for sale or transferred in a declared bulk container at the factory gate

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Produce a declared jam, fruit jelly, marmalade, fruit purée or paste, or nut purée or paste
How much	1 kg net marketable product, excluding packaging mass
How well	Meets the declared route-specific composition, food-safety release, quality, preservation, and market specification; CXS 296-2009 requirements apply only when cxs_jam_jelly_marmalade is declared
How long or cycle	One released production lot at the factory gate; declared shelf life and its packaging dependence are metadata but downstream storage losses and service are outside this factory-gate unit
reference_flow_link	The reference flow is the normalized net mass of released product needed to provide the stated factory-gate function

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg net marketable product at factory gate
Reference product flow	Jams, fruit jellies, marmalades, fruit or nut purée and fruit or nut pastes 7d119b90-a5ca-4bbc-8ab7-b1b3e3f878f9
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	route family; product name and fruit or nut species; formulation and ingredient mass fractions; CXS applicability and claimed product definition; soluble solids or dry-matter basis and test method; preservation technology; packaged or bulk market state; packaging format and net fill; declared shelf life and storage condition; production geography; production site; reporting period

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_net_mass	Reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize to released net product mass after final quality disposition and excluding primary, secondary, and transport packaging mass.
mass_input_consistency	Ingredients, water, product, residues, wastes, and wastewater	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Preserve measured wet-mass values; declare any conversion from volume, dry matter, concentrate, or formulation records and retain density, moisture, or solids evidence.
solids_basis_declaration	Soluble-solids or dry-matter results	Route-specific analytical property	% mass fraction or °Brix as reported	State the analytical method, sample state, temperature correction if applicable, and whether the value is soluble solids, total solids, or dry matter; do not interchange these measures.
energy_carrier_separation	Electricity, fuels, steam, and purchased heat	Carrier-specific energy property	kWh, MJ, kg, or m3 as metered	Keep each carrier in its measured unit and convert only with a disclosed conversion factor; do not merge electricity and thermal energy into an undocumented energy total.

5. System Boundary

The foreground boundary starts when fruit, nuts, fruit-derived intermediates, sweetening ingredients, formulation ingredients, packaging, utilities, and cleaning materials are received at the manufacturing site. It ends when released net product and its declared packaging or bulk containment leave the factory gate. Upstream production and inbound transport are linked as secondary datasets. Distribution after the factory gate, retail and consumer storage, use, food loss after the gate, and end-of-life are excluded from this foreground dataset and must be added by a downstream full-life-cycle model when relevant.

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_known_flows	foreground_manufacturing	Record all known product, energy, water, waste, wastewater, and direct elementary flows for included manufacturing processes; avoid cut-off. If a downstream PEF study applies cut-off, it may exclude no more than the PEF cumulative 3% condition and shall explicitly justify environmental significance.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279
boundary_packaging	packaging_and_packout	Include production of primary, secondary, transport, and bulk-container packaging required at the factory gate, plus on-site packaging losses; exclude packaging mass from the 1 kg net reference product.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279
boundary_route_evidence	route_specific_processes	Apply CXS 296-2009 requirements only when the declared product and market purpose fall within its scope. For non-CXS preserves and all finished fruit or nut purée/paste routes, use actual foreground specifications and applicable legal or buyer requirements without extrapolating CXS thresholds.	codex-cxs-296-2009
boundary_upstream_links	purchased_inputs	Link each purchased ingredient, packaging material, energy carrier, water supply, and externally treated waste to geographically, technologically, and temporally representative upstream datasets; disclose proxies and missing links.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Measured quantities and declared states of all received fruit, nuts, intermediates, sweetening and other formulation ingredients, packaging, utilities, and cleaning materials at the manufacturing-site boundary
starting_condition_role	Factory-gate foreground manufacturing starting condition
product_classification_scope	Semantic category represented by CPC 3.0 code 21494; the concrete dataset is narrowed by mandatory product and route qualifiers
recursive_input_rule	If a purchased input is itself a jam, jelly, marmalade, fruit or nut purée, or fruit or nut paste, record it as a technosphere product input with its supplier dataset and do not recursively re-run its production inside the receiving process
upstream_dataset_requirement	Supplier-specific or representative secondary datasets are required for fruit and nut production or processing, sweeteners and other ingredients, packaging, energy, water, inbound transport, and off-site treatment
disclosure	Declare route family, CXS applicability, input states and origins, preservation technology, packaging or bulk state, allocation choices, cut-offs, proxies, data gaps, and excluded downstream stages

6. Process Inventory Structure

All provisional ranges below have reasoned_estimate evidence. They are deliberately broad authoring and QA priors, not compliance limits or substitutes for foreground records. Every such range shall be checked against batch mass balance and meter, invoice, formulation, waste, or wastewater records. It shall be replaced when site-specific records or reviewed external evidence become available, before methodology is promoted beyond candidate status, or whenever a foreground value falls outside the range; an out-of-range result triggers investigation and disclosure rather than automatic rejection.

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
ingredient_preparation	Ingredient receipt and preparation	required	Include for every route; record no-operation or pre-prepared inputs explicitly	Foreground receipt, sorting, washing, trimming, de-stoning, dehulling, or preparation	kg prepared ingredient stream
fruit_preserve_transformation	Jam, jelly, marmalade, or other fruit-preserve transformation	conditional	Include for route family cxs_jam_jelly_marmalade or non_cxs_fruit_preserve	Foreground formulation, extraction, cooking, concentration, gelling, and preservation as applicable	kg bulk fruit-preserve output
puree_paste_transformation	Fruit or nut purée/paste transformation	conditional	Include for route family fruit_puree_or_paste or nut_puree_or_paste	Foreground pulping, sieving, grinding, refining, concentration, roasting, or stabilization as applicable	kg bulk purée or paste output
final_conditioning_packout	Final conditioning and pack-out	required	Include release conditioning and packaged or bulk filling; record no separate conditioning if not used	Foreground cooling, deaeration, thermal or aseptic hold, filling, closure, and pack-out	1 kg released net product
site_utilities_cleaning	Site utilities, cleaning, and wastewater handling	required	Include site services attributable to the declared product; record zero with evidence where a carrier is not used	Foreground utility supply, cleaning-in-place or other sanitation, and wastewater transfer	per 1 kg released net product

Process: Ingredient receipt and preparation (ingredient_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Fruit, nut, or fruit-derived main ingredient (main_ingredient_input)

Record each received main ingredient separately by species, origin, condition, and supplier lot. Do not combine fresh fruit, frozen fruit, pulp, purée, juice, concentrate, or nuts without a transparent formulation calculation.

• Selected flow: Route-specific fruit, nut, pulp, juice, purée, concentrate, or other main ingredient
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured received mass allocated to released product lots
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_formula_records
• Range: Provisional main-ingredient screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.05
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: received main ingredient per kg released net product across dilute, sweetened, and concentrated route variants
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with product-specific bill-of-material and weighbridge or batch-scale evidence; investigate route identity or mass balance if outside the provisional range.

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared fruit or nut stream (prepared_main_stream)

Record the mass passed to the declared transformation route after preparation.

• Selected flow: Prepared route-specific fruit or nut stream
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured prepared stream mass transferred to transformation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_formula_records
• Range: Provisional prepared-stream screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.03
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: prepared main stream per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with transfer-scale or reconciled batch records; investigate unrecorded water, residues, evaporation, or inventory change if outside the provisional range.

Waste flows

Sorting, trimming, stones, peels, shells, or preparation residues (preparation_residues)

Record each residue stream by material type and destination, including edible recovery, feed, by-product sale, treatment, or disposal.

• Selected flow: Route-specific preparation residue or waste
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured residue mass leaving ingredient preparation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_byproduct_records
• Range: Provisional preparation-residue screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: preparation residues per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with weighed residue records by species and preparation route; investigate mass-balance gaps if outside the provisional range.

Elementary flows

Process: Jam, jelly, marmalade, or other fruit-preserve transformation (fruit_preserve_transformation)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared fruit, juice, extract, pulp, or purée (preserve_fruit_input)

Record the actual fruit ingredient form used. For a CXS route, retain the data needed to calculate the applicable Section 3.1.2 fruit content and any aqueous-extract water deduction.

• Selected flow: Prepared fruit ingredient for the declared preserve
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass entering the preserve batch
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_formula_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-296-2009

Sweetening ingredients (sweetening_ingredient_input)

Record each sugar, fruit sugar, syrup, honey, or other declared sweetening ingredient separately. A non-CXS sweetener-formulated route shall be identified as non-CXS rather than treated as conforming by analogy.

• Selected flow: Route-specific sweetening ingredient
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured formulation mass by ingredient
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_formula_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-296-2009
• Range: Provisional sweetening-ingredient screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: total sweetening ingredients per kg released net product across CXS and non-CXS preserves
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with the released formulation and batch dispensing records; investigate formulation identity or concentration loss if outside the provisional range.

Other formulation ingredients (preserve_other_ingredients)

Record pectin or other gelling agents, acids, salts, spices, plant ingredients, oils, antifoaming agents, preservatives, colours, and flavours individually where used and legally permitted.

• Selected flow: Route-specific formulation ingredient
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured formulation mass by ingredient
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_formula_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-296-2009

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Bulk jam, jelly, marmalade, or preserve (bulk_preserve_output)

Record the transferred bulk product mass and route-specific quality disposition before pack-out.

• Selected flow: Bulk declared fruit-preserve product
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured accepted bulk product transferred to final conditioning and pack-out
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_release_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-296-2009

Waste flows

Off-specification preserve and process residues (preserve_offspec_waste)

Record rework separately from material leaving the product system for treatment or disposal.

• Selected flow: Off-specification preserve or process residue
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass by disposition
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_byproduct_records
• Range: Provisional preserve-waste screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: off-specification preserve and residues per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with lot disposition and waste-scale records; investigate rework accounting and yield if outside the provisional range.

Elementary flows

Process: Fruit or nut purée/paste transformation (puree_paste_transformation)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared fruit or nut stream (puree_paste_main_input)

For fruit routes, record pulping, sieving, optional blanching, deaeration, concentration, and preservation. For nut routes, record optional roasting, blanching or dehulling, grinding or refining, homogenization, stabilization, and preservation. These operations are route candidates and shall be included only when performed.

• Selected flow: Prepared route-specific fruit or nut stream
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass entering the purée or paste route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_formula_records

Purée or paste formulation ingredients (puree_paste_other_ingredients)

Record every added water, oil, sweetener, salt, acid, stabilizer, antioxidant, or other ingredient from the actual formulation. CXS 296-2009 does not supply composition limits for this finished-product route.

• Selected flow: Route-specific purée or paste formulation ingredient
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured formulation mass by ingredient
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_formula_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Bulk fruit or nut purée or paste (bulk_puree_paste_output)

Record accepted bulk output with its measured dry matter or soluble solids, particle-size or texture specification where relevant, preservation state, and quality disposition.

• Selected flow: Bulk declared fruit or nut purée or paste
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured accepted bulk output transferred to final conditioning and pack-out
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_release_records

Waste flows

Sieving residues, skins, shells, fines, or off-specification purée/paste (puree_paste_residues)

Record separated material and rejected product by type, mass, and destination. Recovered co-products shall not be relabelled as zero-burden waste.

• Selected flow: Route-specific purée or paste residue or waste
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass by disposition
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_byproduct_records
• Range: Provisional purée/paste residue screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: route residues and off-specification product per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with route-specific separator, residue, and disposition records; investigate yield or co-product classification if outside the provisional range.

Elementary flows

Process: Final conditioning and pack-out (final_conditioning_packout)

Inputs

Product flows

Accepted bulk product (accepted_bulk_product)

Record the accepted bulk stream received from exactly one declared transformation route.

• Selected flow: Accepted bulk preserve, fruit purée/paste, or nut purée/paste
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured transfer mass to final conditioning and pack-out
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_release_records

Packaging and bulk-container materials (packaging_input)

Record primary, closure, label, secondary, transport, and bulk-container materials separately, including reusable-container trip or loss data when applicable.

• Selected flow: Material-specific packaging or bulk-container input
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Issued packaging mass minus returned unused material, allocated to released product
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
• Sources: eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279
• Range: Provisional packaging screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: packaging and bulk containment per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with bill-of-packaging, tare, issue-return, and reusable-trip records; investigate market-state or net-fill mismatch if outside the provisional range.

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Released reference product (released_reference_product)

This is the sole reference product output. Packaging mass is not included in its amount.

• Selected flow: Jams, fruit jellies, marmalades, fruit or nut purée and fruit or nut pastes 7d119b90-a5ca-4bbc-8ab7-b1b3e3f878f9
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg after normalization from measured released net product mass
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_release_records
• Sources: eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279

Waste flows

Packaging scrap and rejected containers (packaging_waste)

Record packaging scrap, breakage, rejected containers, labels, closures, and unrecovered reusable-container losses by material and destination.

• Selected flow: Material-specific packaging waste
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured or inventory-reconciled packaging waste mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
• Range: Provisional packaging-waste screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.2
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: packaging waste per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with waste-scale or packaging inventory-reconciliation records; investigate breakage and issue-return accounting if outside the provisional range.

Elementary flows

Process: Site utilities, cleaning, and wastewater handling (site_utilities_cleaning)

Inputs

Product flows

Process and cleaning water (process_cleaning_water)

Record water by source and use, separating ingredient water where possible from process, cooling, and cleaning water.

• Selected flow: Source-specific water supply
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Metered or reconciled water supplied to included foreground processes
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
• Range: Provisional process-water screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: ingredient, process, cooling, and cleaning water recorded at the site per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with submetered or reconciled water records by use; investigate reuse loops, leaks, evaporation, and wastewater balance if outside the provisional range.

Electricity (electricity_input)

Record metered electricity and the applicable supplier or grid mix separately from fuels and purchased heat.

• Selected flow: Site-specific electricity supply
• Flow property / unit: Electric energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Metered electricity attributable to included processes
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
• Range: Provisional electricity screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: kWh/kg reference product
  • Basis: attributable site electricity per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with submeter or defensible allocation records and supplier/grid evidence; investigate process scope and meter boundaries if outside the provisional range.

Fuels, steam, or purchased heat (thermal_energy_input)

Record each fuel, steam, or purchased-heat carrier separately in its measured unit and retain the conversion used for any MJ-normalized screening.

• Selected flow: Carrier-specific fuel, steam, or purchased heat
• Flow property / unit: Carrier-specific energy or mass unit
• Amount rule: Metered or purchased amount attributable to included processes
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
• Range: Provisional thermal-energy screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: MJ/kg reference product
  • Basis: attributable lower-heating-value energy or purchased heat per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with carrier-specific meters, invoices, heating values, and allocation records; investigate cooking, concentration, roasting, thermal preservation, and cleaning scope if outside the provisional range.

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Manufacturing wastewater sent to treatment (manufacturing_wastewater)

Record wastewater mass or volume, destination, and measured pollutant loads or concentrations. Keep internally recycled water out of the leaving-wastewater amount.

• Selected flow: Site-specific manufacturing wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Metered or volume-and-density converted wastewater leaving the foreground boundary
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg released net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_records
• Range: Provisional wastewater screening range
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg/kg reference product
  • Basis: wastewater leaving the site per kg released net product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
• Replacement trigger: Replace with effluent meter or volume-and-density records and treatment transfer documentation; investigate water balance and internal reuse if outside the provisional range.

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivision_first	multi_product_lines_and_shared_services	Avoid allocation first by product-specific batch records, submetering, process subdivision, or system expansion. Collect only flows directly attributable to the declared product when subdivision is possible.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279
allocation_physical_second	unavoidable_shared_inputs_and_outputs	If subdivision or system expansion is not possible, use and justify a measurable causal physical relationship such as batch mass, operating time, metered energy, or equipment throughput that represents resource use.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279
allocation_other_last	no_defensible_physical_relationship	Use economic or another relationship only after documenting why subdivision, system expansion, and physical allocation are not feasible; use process-stage market values and disclose period, geography, prices, and sensitivity.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279
allocation_residue_status	preparation_and_transformation_outputs	Classify edible or saleable residues as co-products when they carry a function or value; classify only streams sent for treatment or disposal as waste. Record rework as an internal loop, not a co-product or avoided burden.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_formula_records	ingredient_preparation	Main and formulation ingredients plus prepared transfers	Batch and inventory records	lot_id; product_code; ingredient_id; species; origin; received_state; opening_stock; receipts; issued_mass; returns; closing_stock; formulation_version; prepared_transfer_mass	Calibrated scales, weighbridge, tank level with verified density, and inventory reconciliation	kg	Each receipt and batch	Entire declared reporting period	All included receiving, preparation, and formulation areas	Reconcile beginning stock plus receipts minus ending stock and non-product dispositions; allocate only by documented batch linkage	Calibration certificates, supplier lot records, formulation approval, stock reconciliation, and variance investigation
cp_product_release_records	final_conditioning_packout	Bulk transfer, route quality, and released net product	Batch, laboratory, fill, and release records	route_family; cxs_applicability; product_definition; batch_id; bulk_mass; net_fill; released_units; released_net_mass; soluble_solids_or_dry_matter; method; preservation_state; shelf_life; disposition	Calibrated transfer/fill measurements and approved laboratory or quality records	kg and declared quality units	Each batch and release lot	Entire declared reporting period	All included transformation and pack-out lines	Sum released net mass excluding packaging; preserve route-specific quality results and rejected or reworked quantities separately	Scale calibration, test method, sampling plan, release authorization, and lot traceability
cp_waste_byproduct_records	ingredient_preparation	Preparation residues, co-products, rework, and transformation wastes	Waste, by-product, and disposition records	batch_id; stream_id; material_type; mass; moisture_or_solids_if_used; destination; waste_or_coproduct_status; revenue_if_economic_allocation; rework_return	Calibrated scales, container counts with verified tare, and transfer documentation	kg	Each batch or removal	Entire declared reporting period	All included process areas and destinations	Aggregate by stream and disposition; subtract documented rework returned to the same product system	Scale or tare evidence, transfer notes, treatment receipts, sales records, and classification rationale
cp_packaging_records	final_conditioning_packout	Packaging inputs and wastes	Bill-of-packaging and issue-return records	packaging_item; material; unit_mass; issued_count; returned_count; rejected_count; reusable_trips; loss_rate; net_fill	Supplier specifications verified by tare measurements and inventory reconciliation	kg and count	Each packaging lot and production batch	Entire declared reporting period	All primary, closure, label, secondary, transport, and bulk-container materials	Convert counts to mass with verified unit mass; subtract unused returns; separate reusable trip allocation and losses	Supplier specification, sampled tare, line issue-return record, and waste reconciliation
cp_utility_records	site_utilities_cleaning	Water, electricity, fuels, steam, purchased heat, and cleaning materials	Meter, invoice, and operating records	meter_id; carrier; opening_reading; closing_reading; unit; calibration; batch_or_line; operating_time; heating_value_if_used; cleaning_cycle; internal_reuse	Submeters preferred; otherwise main meter or invoices allocated by documented physical driver	Carrier-specific unit	Continuous, shift, batch, or billing interval	Entire declared reporting period with complete meter reconciliation	All included production, utilities, and sanitation areas	Difference readings, subtract documented excluded loads, allocate shared loads using section 7 hierarchy, and preserve carrier units	Meter calibration, invoices, control-system export, operating logs, and allocation worksheet
cp_wastewater_records	site_utilities_cleaning	Wastewater quantity and pollutant data	Effluent meter, sampling, and transfer records	outlet_id; volume; density_if_mass_conversion; flow_period; COD; BOD; suspended_solids; nutrients; pH; treatment_destination; internal_reuse	Calibrated effluent meter plus representative sampling or verified off-site treatment records	kg or m3 and analyte-specific units	Continuous or each discharge and sampling event	Entire declared reporting period	All included wastewater outlets	Convert volume to mass only with documented density; flow-weight pollutant concentrations; exclude verified internal reuse	Meter calibration, laboratory reports, chain of custody, permit monitoring, and treatment receipts

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	All inventory rows	normalized amount = attributable reporting-period amount / released net product mass; packaging mass is excluded from the denominator	attributable flow amount; released net product mass	flow amount per 1 kg reference product	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279
calc_batch_mass_balance	Each transformation route	mass-balance residual = total measured inputs - released product - co-products - wastes - wastewater - measured or calculated evaporated water - documented inventory change; report residual and investigation	all batch input and output masses; inventory change; evaporation evidence	reconciled mass balance and residual
calc_cxs_fruit_content	Declared CXS jam, jelly, or marmalade route	Calculate fruit ingredient as a percentage of finished product under the applicable CXS 296-2009 Section 3.1.2 provision; for jelly deduct water used to prepare aqueous extracts where required; apply fruit-specific and mixed-fruit provisions rather than a generic threshold	fruit ingredient mass by type; finished product mass; aqueous-extract water; declared CXS product definition	CXS fruit-content result and applicable threshold	codex-cxs-296-2009
calc_packaging_mass	Packaging inputs	packaging mass = sum of material-specific net issued counts multiplied by verified unit mass, adjusted for documented reusable trips or losses	counts; unit masses; returns; rejected units; reusable-trip data	kg packaging per kg reference product	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279
calc_shared_service_allocation	Shared utilities and services	Apply section 7 hierarchy and calculate the declared product share from submetered use or the justified physical driver; economic allocation is last resort	shared total; product-specific meter or physical driver; co-product values if last resort	attributable shared-service amount and allocation factor	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_completeness_consistency	Foreground dataset	Include all known inputs and outputs for included processes and reconcile process, batch, utility, packaging, waste, and wastewater records to the same reporting period and product scope.	Completeness checklist, reconciliations, and documented cut-offs or data gaps; PEF completeness and methodological consistency principles
dq_representativeness	Foreground and secondary data	Assess technological, geographical, and time-related representativeness and precision; state product, route, site, geography, reporting period, measurement basis, and uncertainty or proxy status.	DQR or equivalent documented assessment following Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279
dq_cxs_scope	CXS claims	Retain evidence that the product definition, direct-consumption purpose, formulation, fruit content, soluble solids, fill, labelling, and applicable national choice correspond to the relevant CXS provision. Do not mark non-CXS routes as compliant.	Approved specification, formula, laboratory results, fill records, label, and applicable legal review
dq_reasoned_estimates	All reasoned_estimate ranges	Treat every provisional range as screening-only. Validate it against foreground records, replace it with site-specific or reviewed evidence before maturity advances beyond candidate, and investigate and disclose any out-of-range result.	Range replacement log, foreground records, reviewed source, and variance investigation
dq_source_traceability	Purchased inputs and treatment services	Link each material upstream and treatment dataset to supplier, geography, technology, time period, and any proxy decision; do not use an unqualified category average when product-specific information exists.	Supplier records, dataset metadata, and proxy justification

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validate_identity_and_reference	dataset_identity	Confirm the manifest PCR id, common product-flow UUID, Mass flow-property UUID, Units of mass UUID, kg unit, route family, product identity, net-mass basis, and all required qualifiers are present and consistent.	unsd-cpc-3-0-21494
validate_exactly_one_route	process_inventory	Confirm exactly one transformation route family describes the reference product and that the matching conditional process is included; exclude the other transformation process unless separately metered co-production is explicitly modelled and allocated.
validate_cxs_scope_and_composition	cxs_jam_jelly_marmalade	Only for a declared CXS route, verify scope and the applicable CXS product definition and Section 3.1.2 formulation: jam/jelly uses the applicable 45% or 35% general provision with its listed fruit exceptions and mixed-fruit adjustment; citrus marmalade uses at least 200 g citrus ingredient per 1000 g finished product including at least 75 g endocarp; non-citrus marmalade uses at least 30% fruit generally or 11% for ginger. Do not apply these thresholds to non-CXS preserves, finished purées, or nut pastes.	codex-cxs-296-2009
validate_cxs_solids_fill	cxs_jam_jelly_marmalade	Only for a declared CXS route, verify the applicable national choice for soluble solids and the CXS provision: products under Section 3.1.2(a-c) are 60-65% or greater as applicable, non-citrus marmalade is 40-65% or less as applicable, and container fill is at least 90% of water capacity minus necessary headspace. Preserve the test and fill evidence.	codex-cxs-296-2009
validate_non_cxs_boundary	non_cxs_and_puree_paste_routes	Confirm the data package does not cite CXS thresholds as compliance evidence for reduced-sugar or further-processing preserves, special-diet or sweetener-formulated products, or any finished fruit purée, nut purée, or fruit/nut paste; validate against the declared applicable specification instead.	codex-cxs-296-2009
validate_mass_and_allocation	foreground_inventory	Reconcile reference product, ingredients, packaging, residues, co-products, wastes, wastewater, evaporation, and inventory changes; confirm shared flows follow the allocation hierarchy and all factors sum to one for the allocated total.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279
validate_data_quality_and_ranges	foreground_and_secondary_data	Confirm completeness, methodological consistency, technological, geographical, and temporal representativeness, precision, source traceability, and disposition of every reasoned-estimate range and out-of-range value.	eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Product-specific factory-gate foreground data package and resulting unit-process dataset for one declared route and market state
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset after review and publication under the library lifecycle contract
allowed_use	Product-system modelling for the declared product, route, site, geography, reporting period, and packaging or bulk state; downstream models may add distribution, storage, use, loss, and end-of-life stages
excluded_use	Unqualified category-average claims; comparative assertions between unlike route families or product specifications; CXS conformity claims for non-CXS products; direct extrapolation to fruit juices, whole fruit or nuts, or other excluded products
required_metadata	PCR id; UUID references; route family; product and species; formulation; CXS applicability; quality and solids basis; preservation technology; packaging or bulk state; net fill; shelf life and storage condition; site, geography, reporting period; allocation; cut-offs; upstream datasets; proxies; data gaps
required_quality_disclosure	Record coverage and reconciliation; measurement and calculation methods; calibration; representativeness and precision; CXS evidence where applicable; allocation and cut-offs; reasoned-estimate status and replacement; out-of-range investigations; uncertainty and missing-flow limitations
update_trigger	Material change to product identity, formulation, route, preservation, packaging, site, utility supply, allocation, applicable law or standard; revised official CPC or CXS scope; new reviewed evidence replacing a reasoned estimate; or a data-quality finding that changes results or fitness for use

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-0-21494	Official guidance (official_guidance)	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 3.0, subclass 21494, “Jams, fruit jellies, marmalades, fruit or nut purree and fruit or nut pastes”, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf (accessed 2026-08-11)	Classification identity only; it does not supply process, composition, or quantitative inventory rules
codex-cxs-296-2009	Standard (standard)	Codex Alimentarius, CXS 296-2009, Standard for Jams, Jellies and Marmalades, adopted 2009 and official text amended through 2025, https://workspace.fao.org/sites/codex/Standards/CXS%20296-2009/CXS_296e.pdf (accessed 2026-08-11)	Scope, product definitions, applicable fruit-content and soluble-solids provisions, quality, fill, and explicit boundary against non-covered products
eu-pef-recommendation-2021-2279	Official guidance (official_guidance)	European Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 of 15 December 2021, Annex I Product Environmental Footprint Method, CELEX 32021H2279, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/2021-12-30/eng (accessed 2026-08-11)	Functional unit and reference flow, supply-chain and packaging boundary, company-specific data, cut-off, allocation hierarchy, data quality, and reporting