Vinegar and substitutes therefor obtained from acetic acid · 8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_product_identity_output	finishing; packaging	finished product identity and output	release, laboratory, and dispatch records	product name; route; substrate or acetic-acid origin; acid strength; method; physical form; treatment; packaging state; flow UUID; batch; net mass; density if used	Reconcile quality release and calibrated mass records; document why the selected flow is exact or a disclosed proxy	kg plus declared quality units	each batch, aggregated monthly or annually	representative continuous 12-month period or all batches in the declared shorter campaign	every included site and line	sum released net mass by product and route; no cross-route averaging before separate results are available	calibration, laboratory method, batch release, flow-selection record, dispatch reconciliation
cp_material_inputs	all material-consuming processes	feedstocks, acetic acid, water, cultures, ingredients, auxiliaries, and internal transfers	receiving, inventory, recipe, meter, and transfer records	material identity; supplier; flow UUID; batch; route; quantity; unit; concentration; density; opening stock; receipts; closing stock; returns; internal transfer	Reconcile purchasing and stock movement with batch issues; separate internal recirculation from external inputs	kg or declared native unit with conversion evidence	each receipt and batch	same period as product output	every included site and route	consumption equals opening stock plus receipts minus closing stock, returns, and documented transfers; normalize after route separation	supplier specification, scale or meter calibration, stock reconciliation, batch sheet
cp_energy_utilities	all processes	electricity, fuels, steam, cooling, water, and cleaning utilities	sub-meter, invoice, and operating records	meter id; carrier; opening and closing reading; quantity; unit; process or line; operating hours; allocation driver	Prefer process sub-meters; otherwise allocate facility totals using a documented physical driver and reconcile to invoices	declared energy or mass unit	continuous or per batch; aggregate monthly	same period as product output	every included site	subtract excluded uses, assign direct meters, allocate residual documented totals, then normalize to the applicable process output	meter calibration, invoice reconciliation, allocation worksheet
cp_process_operation	alcoholic_fermentation; acetification; acetic_acid_formulation; finishing	route and operating state	batch log and control-system record	route; equipment; start and end time; input and output batch; technology; aeration or mixing basis; temperature; aging duration; filtration; thermal treatment; rework	Capture contemporaneous batch and control-system records; link all internal intermediate transfers	declared operating units	each batch	all batches in reporting period	every included line	retain batch-level route identity; aggregate only like products and technologies	signed batch record, control-system export, deviation log
cp_process_outputs	feedstock_preparation; alcoholic_fermentation; acetification; acetic_acid_formulation	internal intermediate outputs	calibrated vessel, scale, and transfer records	intermediate identity; batch; mass or volume; density; concentration; sender; receiver; losses	Reconcile sender and receiver transfer records and use measured density for volume conversion	kg	each transfer	all transfers in reporting period	every included site	sum reconciled accepted transfers; keep route-specific intermediates separate	calibration, paired transfer records, mass-balance reconciliation
cp_waste_emissions	all processes	wastes, wastewater, and direct emissions	waste tickets, wastewater meters and analyses, emission monitors, and calculation records	flow identity; state; quantity; unit; destination; treatment; fossil or biogenic basis; sampling and calculation method	Measure at source where possible; otherwise use a documented calculation from collected activity data without inventing factors	kg or declared emission unit	each shipment, discharge, sample, or batch; aggregate monthly	same period as product output	every included site and discharge point	sum by flow and destination; keep measured and calculated results separate before normalization	manifests, laboratory reports, meter calibration, formula and input trace
cp_packaging_records	packaging	packaging materials, packed product, and scrap	bill of materials, issue, count, fill-weight, and reject records	packaging material; supplier; flow UUID; item mass; units issued; units packed; rejects; net fill mass	Reconcile packaging issues and rejects to packed units; verify count-to-mass conversion with measured item mass	kg	each packaging run	all included runs in reporting period	every included packaging line	sum by packaging material; normalize to net product mass, not gross packed mass	packaging specification, sample weighing, fill-control and reject records

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	all inventory rows	normalized amount = route-specific inventory amount divided by released net product mass for the same route, site, and period	collected inventory amount; released net product mass	amount per 1 kg reference product
calc_volume_to_mass	any volume-based liquid record	mass = measured volume multiplied by product- or batch-specific measured density at the documented condition	volume; density; measurement temperature and method	kg liquid
calc_mass_reconciliation	each foreground process	reconcile external inputs plus internal received transfers with product, internal sent transfers, waste, emissions, stock change, and documented measurement difference; investigate rather than force-close material differences	all measured mass inputs, outputs, transfers, stock changes, waste, and emissions	process mass-balance check and disclosed residual	jrc-fdm-bref-2019
calc_allocation	shared processes	apply the documented hierarchy in Section 7 after direct assignment; retain the chosen driver and all numerator and denominator values	directly assigned records; co-product quantities; physical driver or economic data	allocated inventory by product	eu-pef-2021-2279

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	product and material flows	Product form, route, substrate or acetic-acid origin, physical state, packaging state, and selected flow UUID shall be traceable. The representative UUID requires an explicit exact-use statement; all replacements require a reason.	product specification, batch record, supplier record, Tiangong flow readback or selection record
dq_measurement	mass, volume, energy, water, waste, and emission data	Use calibrated instruments or reconciled records; retain conversions, density, sampling, laboratory, and allocation methods.	calibration certificates, invoices, meter logs, laboratory reports, reconciliation worksheets
dq_temporal	all foreground records	Cover a representative 12-month period or all batches in a shorter declared campaign and explain shutdowns, seasonal effects, and excluded batches.	production calendar, batch list, period completeness check
dq_completeness	process map and inventory	Check every applicable process and all material, energy, water, product, waste, wastewater, and direct-emission pathways; quantify or justify each exclusion.	signed boundary checklist, mass balance, utility and waste reconciliation
dq_route_separation	multi-route plants	Preserve separate activity and output data for fermentation vinegar and acetic-acid substitutes before any aggregation.	route-coded batch records, sub-meters or documented allocation records
dq_source_fitness	upstream datasets and external rules	Match upstream geography, technology, time, and product identity; disclose proxies and do not convert jurisdiction-specific product specifications into universal limits.	dataset metadata, source applicability note, proxy register

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_category_and_route	product identity	Confirm that the product belongs to CPC 3.0 code 23994 and that exactly one product route is declared. A formulated acetic-acid substitute shall not be labelled or modelled as fermentation vinegar.	unsd-cpc-v3-2025; eu-commission-2016-263; us-fda-cpg-562-100
validate_reference_identity	reference flow	Confirm 1 kg net mass, Mass UUID, Units of mass UUID, kg, required qualifiers, and selected product-flow UUID. Fail if the representative UUID is used for a substitute or materially different form without a documented proxy and no more specific real flow search.
validate_route_processes	process map	Fermentation-vinegar packages shall include acetification and shall include feedstock preparation or alcoholic fermentation when performed on site. Substitute packages shall include food-grade acetic acid formulation. All packages shall include finishing and conditional packaging.	spain-rd-661-2012-consolidated-2026; mas-et-al-2014-wine-vinegar
validate_boundary_completeness	foreground inventory	Check applicable material, energy, water, cleaning, internal transfer, waste, wastewater, direct-emission, and product rows against source records and investigate unexplained mass-balance residuals.	jrc-fdm-bref-2019
validate_allocation	shared processes	Verify direct assignment was attempted first, the selected allocation relationship is relevant and documented, and economic allocation is used only after the earlier hierarchy steps are shown infeasible.	eu-pef-2021-2279
validate_temporal_coverage	reporting period	Verify the production, material, utility, waste, emission, and product-output records cover the same declared period and sites, with gaps disclosed.	jrc-fdm-bref-2019
validate_packaging_state	plant-gate output	Confirm that packaging inventory is present when the output is packaged and absent or separately excluded when the declared output is bulk; product mass shall remain net of packaging.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground manufacturing dataset for one declared vinegar or edible acetic-acid-based vinegar substitute at the plant gate
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset when product, route, geography, time, technology, and packaging state are representative for the receiving model
allowed_use	Product carbon-footprint and LCA studies, foreground process construction, supplier-data replacement, and background use within the declared product and route scope
excluded_use	Silent substitution between fermentation vinegar and acetic-acid substitutes; use of the representative UUID for another form without the required replacement check; consumer-use or cradle-to-grave claims without added downstream stages; comparative assertions when representativeness differs materially
required_metadata	canonical PCR id; CPC coordinate; product name and form; route; substrate or acetic-acid origin; acid strength and method; physical and packaging state; selected flow UUID and replacement reason; geography; site and technology; reporting period; boundary; allocation; upstream datasets; data-owner and review status
required_quality_disclosure	primary-data share; measurement and calibration basis; period and site coverage; route separation; mass-balance residuals; allocation choices; proxy flows and datasets; excluded processes; wastewater and emission coverage; uncertainty and review status
update_trigger	Change in product form, route, feedstock or acetic-acid source, technology, site, acid specification, packaging state, allocation, material supplier, energy mix, wastewater treatment, reporting period, governing market specification, or availability of a more specific real Tiangong product flow

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-v3-2025	dataset	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Explanatory Notes, subclass 23994, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf, retrieved 2026-08-10	Category scope and title
eu-commission-2016-263	standard	Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/263, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32016R0263, retrieved 2026-08-10	Distinction and common food-category treatment of agricultural-origin vinegar and edible diluted acetic acid
spain-rd-661-2012-consolidated-2026	standard	Spain, Real Decreto 661/2012 consolidated through 27 February 2026, ELI https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rd/2012/04/13/661/con, retrieved 2026-08-10	Current official examples of vinegar definitions, permitted process routes, raw materials, finishing, packaging, and quality disclosure; jurisdiction-specific limits are not universal PCR defaults
us-fda-cpg-562-100	official_guidance	U.S. FDA CPG Sec. 562.100, Acetic Acid - Use in Foods - Labeling of Foods in Which Used, https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/cpg-sec-562100-acetic-acid-use-foods-labeling-foods-which-used, retrieved 2026-08-10	Product identity separation between vinegar and diluted food-grade acetic acid
mas-et-al-2014-wine-vinegar	literature	Mas, Torija, García-Parrilla and Troncoso, Acetic Acid Bacteria and the Production and Quality of Wine Vinegar, 2014, DOI 10.1155/2014/394671	Fermentation-vinegar process decomposition, aerobic acetification technologies, aging, and quality determinants
jrc-fdm-bref-2019	official_guidance	European Commission JRC, Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries, JRC118627, EUR 29978 EN, DOI 10.2760/243911	Common food-manufacturing operations and foreground collection priorities for water, energy, cleaning, emissions, and wastewater
eu-pef-2021-2279	official_guidance	Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on Environmental Footprint methods, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:02021H2279-20211230, retrieved 2026-08-10	System boundary, multifunctionality, subdivision, physical allocation, and fallback allocation hierarchy