Bovine semen

Lifecycle status: Candidate
Content maturity: Authored methodology
Current version: No published versionLast updated2026-10-20
Readiness: Review required

Methodology and translation states come from the source record; publishing this website does not change their review status.

Content languages

zh-CN · Aligned

Status, classification and source details

Readiness

Warnings methodology_not_reviewed Authored methodology is candidate guidance and still requires methodology review.

Classification mapping

CPC 3.0:02411 · exact

Source

library/pcrs/agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products/live-animals-and-animal-products-excluding-meat/bovine-semensha256:c63ee4b5b906…

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers usable semen from cattle and buffalo donors at the collection-centre dispatch gate. Another Bovini donor, such as bison, requires direct species and route evidence, not assumed cattle factors. Fresh, chilled and frozen doses are distinct routes. Live bulls, embryos, non-bovine semen, insemination services and post-dispatch distribution are excluded. Physically combined centre tasks retain separately measured interfaces where material or quality state changes.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.live-animals-and-animal-products-excluding-meat.bovine-semen
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 `02411`
covered_products	Usable cattle and buffalo semen doses; other Bovini only with donor-specific evidence.
excluded_products	Live bulls, embryos, non-bovine semen, rejected material without a product handoff, insemination services.
representative_product	One quality-accepted dose in a sealed straw at centre dispatch.
production_route	Donor management → collection → quality grading → first preparation → extender formulation → filling → conditional preservation → dispatch packaging.
market_state	Fresh, chilled or frozen; donor, quality, volume, sperm count, container and centre gate declared.

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	One usable bovine semen insemination dose at centre dispatch.
How much	1 accepted dose; report measured volume or mass and sperm count.
How well	Declared donor species/breed, health status, acceptance grade, motility, viability, sperm count, extender and preservation state.
How long or cycle	One collection-to-dispatch batch with upkeep allocated across its observed donor period.
reference_flow_link	`usable_dose`

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Usable bovine semen dose at collection-centre dispatch
Reference flow property	Number of items `01846770-4cfe-4a25-8ad9-919d8d378345`
Reference unit group	Units of items `5beb6eed-33a9-47b8-9ede-1dfe8f679159`
Reference unit	item
Required qualifiers	Donor species/breed and health; batch; sperm concentration/count, motility and grade; dose volume; fresh/chilled/frozen state; extender; container; centre gate; reporting period.

The platform mass-based farm-gate bovine-semen candidate is not a centre-dispatch dose and has contradictory non-bovine commentary. It is not bound.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
`dose_identity`	reference output	Number of items `01846770-4cfe-4a25-8ad9-919d8d378345`	item	Count only quality-accepted released doses; one item is one dose meeting the declared specification, not one sperm or an arbitrary container. Report sperm count and viability separately.
`material_balance`	semen, extender and filled doses	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66` or calibrated volume	kg or mL	Reconcile raw semen and extender with accepted, downgraded, rejected and lost material using measured density where conversion is needed.
`state_separation`	preservation	dose count	dose	Fresh, chilled and frozen units require separate denominators and quality specifications, not universal equivalence.
`period_link`	donor upkeep	donor-days and dose count	day; dose	Attribute service and outputs to the same documented donor period.
`accepted_item_count`	reference product and its output card	Number of items `01846770-4cfe-4a25-8ad9-919d8d378345`	item	The machine unit item is the local representation of the confirmed unit-group reference unit Item(s), with multiplier 1. One item means one quality-accepted breeding dose of the declared species, state, grade and release specification. Preserve native dose counts in collection records. This count representation does not equate containers, volume, sperm count, oocytes or treatment attempts to accepted goods, and does not establish equivalence across species, states or dose specifications.
`inventory_reference_normalization`	all inventory rows	Actual flow property	exchange unit per reference flow	The inventory and collection aggregation fields below express final amounts per declared reference flow. Keep all raw collection records, original denominator qualifiers, route/period strata, unit conversions and allocation requirements. For each flow, first obtain its attributable amount in its own numerator unit using the existing rules; then divide by the measured accepted reference-output quantity of the same scope and multiply by the declared reference quantity. Do not mix species, states, gates or incompatible routes; count transfers and shared burdens once. A missing, zero or untraceable accepted-output denominator is a blocking data-quality issue. Keep provisional QA ranges on their explicitly stated bases; they are not conversion factors or production defaults. These are final foreground-package contributions, not replacements for stage quantitative references or stage-native unit-process datasets. Retain stage records separately. Compute normalized amount = attributable raw amount * declared reference quantity / measured accepted final reference-output quantity. Apply normalization exactly once.
`stage_throughput_linkage`	stage records and final package contributions	Actual flow property and its stated raw basis	retain native numerator and stage denominator units	Keep the original lot, event, cohort, period and stage denominators with their units. Reconstruct the attributable numerator A with measured stage quantity Q_stage and documented attribution before final normalization. If a quoted amount a_B corresponds to an explicit stage basis B_stage (for example, 1000 kg), use A = a_B * Q_stage / B_stage. If r_stage is already an intensity in exchange-unit per stage-unit, instead use A = r_stage * Q_stage, with no second division by B_stage. A raw attributable total is used directly. Final contribution = A * declared reference quantity / measured accepted final output. Convert compatible units explicitly and apply each attribution/allocation share exactly once; never treat a quoted amount or intensity as a raw total. Link stage transfers, losses, rejects, stocks, shared services and allocation to the same actual route, period and final-output stratum. For a 1000 kg basis retain 1000 kg explicitly. Do not assume unit yield, equal fresh/dried mass, equal head mass, equal dose quality or interchangeable gates. Missing links, unsupported unit conversion, zero denominators and untraceable allocation block dataset production. Stage-native datasets retain their own stage reference; package contributions are a separate projection.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Identified eligible bovine donor entering a recorded centre service period, plus upstream feed, water, energy, extender, packaging and cryogen supplies.
starting_condition_role	Donor biological management and centre preparation of reproductive goods, not live-animal sale or insemination service.
product_classification_scope	CPC 3.0 `02411`; cattle and buffalo, with other Bovini only on direct evidence.
recursive_input_rule	Purchased bovine semen is a traced upstream input, never counted again as on-site donor production.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Species- and route-matched supplies, utilities, consumables and capital services.
disclosure	Donor, period, gate, health/quality criteria, state route, rejects, co-outputs, shared assets and allocation.

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`gate`	all routes	End at quality release from the collection centre after actual preparation and protective packing; exclude later distribution and insemination.	`woah-hygiene-2024`; `woah-bovine-2024`
`donor`	donor management	Trace cattle and buffalo separately; other Bovini need source-specific evidence. Attribute observed feed, water, health and residues by donor-period, not a universal straw factor.	`un-cpc-3`; `fao-cryoconservation-2021`
`interfaces`	centre processing	Identify collected raw, graded, first prepared, formulated bulk, filled, preserved and packed states; record rejected and lost states.	`woah-hygiene-2024`; `fao-cryoconservation-2021`
`route_delta`	preservation	Fresh, chilled and frozen are mutually exclusive final states. The preservation parent activity differs in energy, cryogen, storage time, testing and losses; partition mixed lots.	`fao-cryoconservation-2021`
`shared_service`	assets	Housing, laboratory, refrigeration and reusable vessels serve multiple nodes or periods; record service and burden once, separately from disposable packaging.	`woah-hygiene-2024`

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
`donor_management`	Donor-bull management	required	observed donor period	Biological maintenance, culls and residues	accepted doses per donor-period
`semen_collection`	Semen collection	required	each collection event	Independent ejaculate capture	mL raw ejaculate
`quality_grading`	Quality evaluation and grading	required	each ejaculate	Accepted, downgraded and rejected states	mL graded semen
`first_preparation`	First semen preparation	required	each prepared batch	Raw-to-prepared handoff and rejects	mL prepared semen
`formulation`	Extender formulation	required	each formulation batch	Composition inputs to bulk state	mL formulated bulk
`dosing`	Dose filling and sealing	required	each fill run	Bulk-to-discrete handoff	filled dose count
`preservation`	Chilling or cryopreservation	conditional	if preservation before dispatch	State-specific intervention and losses	accepted preserved doses
`centre_dispatch`	Protective packing and dispatch	required	each released lot	Final dose and package handoff	1 accepted dose

Process: Donor-bull management (`donor_management`)

Inputs

Product flows

Donor water (`donor_water`)

Measure drinking and husbandry water; its precise supply group depends on foreground use.

Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted dose

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Meter or reconcile tanks for donor period. Original collection denominator kind: reference_flow.

Selected flow: Donor water (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_donor
Range: Provisional water screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 1000000
- Unit: kg per dose
- Basis: measured donor-period supply over linked accepted doses
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Independent live donor cull (`donor_cull`)

Only an actual legitimate animal handoff is an independent output.

Denominator and scope requirements：per donor period

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Record transferred mass and donor-period attribution. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Culled bovine animal (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg live mass
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_donor
Range: Conditional cull mass
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: kg per donor period
- Basis: actual transferred live animal
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Donor manure to treatment (`donor_manure`)

Classify as waste only when not independently transferred as a useful product.

Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted dose

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Measure manure by treatment path, period and donor group. Original collection denominator kind: reference_flow.

Selected flow: Managed donor manure (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_donor
Range: Provisional manure screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: kg per dose
- Basis: donor-period treatment waste over linked doses
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Enteric biogenic methane to air (`enteric_ch4_air`)

Donor enteric methane is calculated from the documented species, intake and donor-days, not from a flow UUID as a factor.

Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted dose

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Apply a disclosed species-appropriate enteric method to donor-days and measured activity. Original collection denominator kind: reference_flow.

Selected flow: Methane, biogenic fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a8e8-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg CH4
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_donor
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019
Range: Provisional emissions screen, not factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: kg CH4 per dose
- Basis: species-specific donor period over linked accepted doses
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Manure nitrous oxide to air (`manure_n2o_air`)

Apply a documented manure-system method to donor-specific excretion and management rather than borrowing a universal factor.

Coverage of this single N2O card: use calc_manure_n2o_coverage to calculate direct and applicable indirect components separately for the represented node, then report only their non-overlapping molecular-N2O sum assigned to this card. Keep storage and managed-soil calculations distinct. Exclude components explicitly covered by a linked process, retain the coverage evidence, and do not duplicate them as both aggregate and component exchanges. Missing indirect-pathway evidence is not zero.

Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted dose

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Calculate manure-system N2O for actual managed manure and donor period. Original collection denominator kind: reference_flow.

Selected flow: Nitrous oxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c3-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg N2O
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_donor
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019
Range: Provisional emissions screen, not factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: kg N2O per dose
- Basis: managed-manure emissions over linked accepted doses
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Coverage of this existing N2O card: retain separate direct-management and applicable indirect volatilisation/leaching calculations in cp_pathway_emissions, and sum only non-overlapping N2O releases assigned to this node. Do not hide an absent indirect-pathway estimate in a direct-only value. Convert raw N2O-N to kg N2O by 44/28 once.

Manure ammonia to air (`manure_nh3_air`)

Calculate reported ammonia from actual housing and manure-management pathway with method and nitrogen basis declared.

Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted dose

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Calculate reported NH3 from recorded manure and housing pathway; do not infer a factor from identity. Original collection denominator kind: reference_flow.

Selected flow: Ammonia 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a2a9-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NH3
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_donor
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019
Range: Provisional emissions screen, not factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: kg NH3 per dose
- Basis: reported manure ammonia over linked accepted doses
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Manure biogenic methane to air (`review_donor_management_manure_ch4`)

Calculate actual atmospheric release by manure system, climate, residence time and volatile-solids activity. Reconcile captured, destroyed or oxidised methane; produced methane is not automatically emitted methane. Applies only to the operated donor_management node; preserve its existing route and period conditions. A dataset must resolve actual activity, method applicability and an evidence-based range or physical bound for this pathway before treating the inventory as complete. Missing evidence is not zero or not_applicable. A verified substance/origin/compartment UUID is still required for a final bound exchange.

Selected flow: Methane, biogenic, to air (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg CH4
Amount rule: Calculate the pathway total for this node and period, apply the existing allocation and stage_throughput_linkage, then inventory_reference_normalization exactly once to the measured final accepted reference output.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pathway_emissions
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019

Process: Semen collection (`semen_collection`)

Inputs

Product flows

Disposable polyethylene protective glove (`collection_consumables_glove`)

Only when compatible polyethylene gloves are actually consumed for operator protection during collection. Record mass per item, item count and returns. This non-sterile example does not establish suitability for semen contact; retain actual hygiene requirements.

Selected flow: Disposable polyethylene protective glove
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record actual material mass consumed at this node, excluding returns and upstream-service inclusions; apply documented period/output attribution once and divide by the number of accepted released doses for the matched batch and period (kg glove per dose); retain measured glove mass per item and do not divide by semen mass. Preserve raw quantities and do not normalize an already normalized amount again.
Value mode: calculated_value
Specificity: site_specific
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: reference_flow
Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
Collection protocol: cp_collection
Sources: collection-pe-gloves

No numerical range is inherited from the former group. Collect actual quantity and uncertainty; lack of applicable range evidence does not justify a default or zero.

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Raw collected ejaculate (`raw_ejaculate`)

The collected state transfers independently from animal management to laboratory evaluation.

Denominator and scope requirements：per collection event

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Measure collection volume by donor and event, including failed events. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Raw bovine ejaculate (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_collection
Sources: woah-bovine-2024
Range: Provisional collection-volume screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000
- Unit: mL per event
- Basis: raw volume collected
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Quality evaluation and grading (`quality_grading`)

Inputs

Product flows

Ejaculate submitted to grading (`grading_input`)

Keep donor and collection-event linkage through quality tests.

Denominator and scope requirements：per grading event

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Transfer collected volume net of separately recorded samples. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Raw bovine ejaculate to grading (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_quality
Range: Grading-input balance
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000
- Unit: mL per event
- Basis: submitted raw volume
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted semen grade (`accepted_grade`)

Accepted grade transfers to preparation after sperm count, motility and other declared tests.

Denominator and scope requirements：per grading event

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Sum accepted graded portions by donor and destination. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Quality-accepted raw bovine semen (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_quality
Sources: woah-bovine-2024
Range: Accepted-grade volume
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000
- Unit: mL per event
- Basis: accepted portion
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Independent downgraded grade (`downgraded_grade`)

Only a separate usable specification and actual handoff permit an intended lower-grade product.

Denominator and scope requirements：per grading event

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Measure independently transferred lower-grade material; otherwise reject. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Downgraded bovine semen (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_quality
Range: Conditional downgraded-grade volume
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000
- Unit: mL per event
- Basis: independent intended handoff only
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: First semen preparation (`first_preparation`)

Inputs

Product flows

Accepted raw input (`preparation_input`)

The first bounded laboratory preparation receives quality-accepted raw semen.

Denominator and scope requirements：per preparation batch

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Measured accepted volume transferred from grading. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Accepted raw bovine semen (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_preparation
Range: Preparation-input volume
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: mL per batch
- Basis: accepted material received
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared semen (`prepared_semen`)

Prepared usable state, net of removed fractions, transfers to extender blending.

Denominator and scope requirements：per preparation batch

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Measure recovered volume and sperm count. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Prepared bovine semen before extension (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_preparation
Range: Prepared-volume balance
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: mL per batch
- Basis: usable prepared state
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Preparation rejects (`preparation_reject`)

Removed fractions and unusable prepared portions go to the actual waste treatment.

Denominator and scope requirements：per preparation batch

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Reconcile input, prepared output, sample and loss. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Semen-preparation reject (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_preparation
Range: Conditional preparation reject
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: mL per batch
- Basis: removed unusable material
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Extender formulation (`formulation`)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared semen component (`formulation_semen`)

Measure the semen component entering the recorded composition recipe.

Denominator and scope requirements：per formulation batch

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Measured semen input per batch. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Prepared bovine semen before extension (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_formulation
Range: Semen-component volume
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: mL per batch
- Basis: prepared semen in formulation
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Formulated bulk semen (`formulated_bulk`)

Quality-accepted blended bulk transfers to discrete dose filling.

Denominator and scope requirements：per formulation batch

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Measure batch bulk volume and composition. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Formulated bovine semen bulk (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_formulation
Range: Formulated bulk balance
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 1000000
- Unit: mL per batch
- Basis: accepted mixed bulk
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Off-spec formulation (`formulation_reject`)

Failed mixture goes to declared disposal unless separately demonstrated as a useful independent output.

Denominator and scope requirements：per formulation batch

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Inputs minus accepted bulk and measured process losses. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Off-spec semen formulation (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_formulation
Range: Conditional off-spec volume
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 1000000
- Unit: mL per batch
- Basis: rejected formulated state
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Dose filling and sealing (`dosing`)

Inputs

Product flows

Formulated bulk for filling (`dosing_bulk`)

Measured mixture enters the separate bulk-to-discrete-dose responsibility.

Denominator and scope requirements：per fill run

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Measure input by fill run. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Formulated bovine semen bulk (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Volume / mL
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_dosing
Range: Filling-input balance
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 1000000
- Unit: mL per run
- Basis: formulated input to filling
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted filled doses (`filled_doses`)

Filled sealed units move to preservation or directly to dispatch packing if fresh.

Denominator and scope requirements：per fill run

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Count quality-accepted fills with volume and sperm count by lot. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Filled bovine semen dose before preservation (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Count / dose
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_dosing
Range: Accepted-fill count
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000000
- Unit: doses per run
- Basis: acceptable discrete units
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Rejected fills (`fill_reject`)

Underfilled, broken and unsealed units follow waste destination; track lost semen volume separately.

Denominator and scope requirements：per fill run

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Count rejects and reconcile associated material loss. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Rejected filled bovine semen dose (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Count / dose
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_dosing
Range: Reject-count balance
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000000
- Unit: doses per run
- Basis: failed units
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Chilling or cryopreservation (`preservation`)

Inputs

Product flows

Filled doses to preservation (`preservation_input`)

Fresh doses bypass this intervention; chilled and frozen lots enter by documented route.

Denominator and scope requirements：per preservation batch

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Count route-assigned incoming filled units. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Filled bovine semen dose before preservation (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Count / dose
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_preservation
Range: Preserved-route input count
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000000
- Unit: doses per batch
- Basis: units assigned to chilled or frozen route
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Liquid nitrogen for frozen lots (`nitrogen`)

Measure cryogen consumption and vessel refill loss; reusable tank is a separate shared asset.

Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted frozen dose

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Purchases minus returns and end inventory, apportioned to frozen lots. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Liquid nitrogen at centre input (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_preservation
Sources: fao-cryoconservation-2021
Range: Provisional nitrogen screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100000
- Unit: kg per frozen dose
- Basis: measured cryogen over actual storage period
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted preserved doses (`preserved_doses`)

Quality-accepted chilled or frozen units pass to dispatch packing with state label.

Denominator and scope requirements：per preservation batch

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Count units accepted after route-specific hold or thaw tests. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Chilled or frozen bovine semen dose (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Count / dose
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_preservation
Range: Accepted preservation count
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000000
- Unit: doses per batch
- Basis: accepted state-specific units
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Preservation rejects (`preservation_reject`)

Failed quality or storage losses are waste at their actual destination.

Denominator and scope requirements：per preservation batch

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Count loss by route, cause, lot and service period. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Rejected preserved bovine semen dose (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Count / dose
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_preservation
Range: Preservation-reject count
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000000
- Unit: doses per batch
- Basis: actually rejected stored units
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Protective packing and dispatch (`centre_dispatch`)

Inputs

Product flows

Accepted doses to packing (`dispatch_input`)

Receive fresh filled or accepted preserved units once, retaining donor, quality and state.

Denominator and scope requirements：per dispatch lot

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Count one source path for each released lot. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Accepted bovine semen doses before dispatch (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Count / dose
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_dispatch
Range: Dispatch-input count
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000000
- Unit: doses per lot
- Basis: accepted units arriving at pack line
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Usable centre-dispatch dose (`usable_dose`)

One quality-released insemination dose crosses the semen-centre dispatch gate.

Raw reference-output records: Exactly one accepted released dose per reference flow. Preserve the measured accepted lot quantity and every required qualifier. The amount below is the normalized reference exchange, not an assertion that a physical lot contains only one unit.

The machine unit item is the local representation of the confirmed unit-group reference unit Item(s), with multiplier 1. One item means one quality-accepted breeding dose of the declared species, state, grade and release specification. Preserve native dose counts in collection records. This count representation does not equate containers, volume, sperm count, oocytes or treatment attempts to accepted goods, and does not establish equivalence across species, states or dose specifications.

Denominator and scope requirements：per reference flow

Selected flow: Usable bovine semen dose at collection-centre dispatch
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: 1 item
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_dispatch
Sources: un-cpc-3; woah-bovine-2024
Range: Reference-dose identity
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1
- Upper: 1
- Unit: dose
- Basis: per accepted centre-dispatch reference dose
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`subdivide`	all nodes	Partition independently measured activity by donor species, donor, batch and route before allocation. Retain the complete observed donor and collection service period, including failed collections and rejected material, and attribute it over the actual accepted outputs.	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`
`output_status`	culls and downgraded grades	Independent culls or saleable downgraded semen need actual destination and handoff; rejects and manure to treatment are waste.	`un-cpc-3`; `woah-bovine-2024`
`residual`	inseparable burdens	Prefer causal donor-days, batch use or storage occupancy; disclose any residual physical/economic split and sensitivity, never hypothetical avoided-product credit.	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`
`period_asset`	donor and shared assets	Link feed, health, donor replacement/cull, laboratory and tank service to actual periods and consuming nodes once; prevent duplicate tank or room burden.	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`
`allocation_method_basis`	Residual joint burdens and shared service	Apply the general LCA hierarchy: examine subdivision or an appropriately justified system expansion before residual allocation; then prefer a supported physical causal relationship, and justify an economic basis when physical attribution is not established. The donor-day, occupancy or throughput driver is a PCR modelling choice requiring case-specific evidence and sensitivity, not a requirement of sanitary guidance. Include failed attempts and losses in the service period; do not select only successful outputs or introduce hypothetical substitution credits.	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Specific input identification before dataset completion

Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.

requirement_id	collection_protocol_id	Preserved collection scope
`donor_feed_specific_input`	`cp_donor`	Operation donor_management: Measure feed dry matter by donor species and service period. Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted dose Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Use separate feed-supply, intake and loss ledgers under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. The quantity carrying feed-production burden includes in-boundary refusals, spoilage and uneaten feed; it is not reduced to animal intake. Retain source, species/cohort, phase and original mass/moisture basis. Calculate the final contribution with inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage exactly once. Original collection denominator kind: reference_flow. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using reconciled feed-supply records that retain in-boundary losses and their production burden.
`preservation_energy_specific_input`	`cp_preservation`	Operation preservation: Meter refrigeration, controlled freezing and storage utility by route and occupancy period. Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted preserved dose Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Attribute metered shared energy once to actual routes and periods. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
`dispatch_packaging_specific_input`	`cp_dispatch`	Operation centre_dispatch: Record actual secondary package materials; returnable transport vessels are cycle-attributed assets, not consumables. Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted dispatched dose Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Issued minus unused packaging by material and lot. Original collection denominator kind: reference_flow. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.

Material and service identification requirements

Identify each actual material or independently supplied service from supplier and activity records; record composition/specification, quantity, unit, node and period separately. Add one concrete exchange per identity before dataset completion; these requirements are not a single exchange. Reconcile with existing cards and inclusive services to avoid duplication. Allocate reusable assets over evidenced use and preserve physical quantities; normalize once to the matched final reference output. Missing identity or use evidence is a completeness gap, not zero use. Conditional examples below are not an exhaustive bill of materials and do not prescribe use or amounts.

requirement_id	collection_protocol_id	Required scope
`collection_consumables_identification`	`cp_collection`	semen collection contact sleeves and single-use materials

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
`cp_donor`	`donor_management`	feed, water, cull, manure, assets	donor ledger	donor_id, species, breed, donor_days, feed_DM, water, health, cull_mass, manure, asset_service	weigh, meter, husbandry log; Raw aggregation requirements: Use calc_feed_supply_and_intake to distinguish supplied feed carrying production burden, actual intake and losses; preserve all native stock and period records, then normalize the attributable quantity once to accepted final output. `donor_feed_specific_input`: Operation donor_management: Measure feed dry matter by donor species and service period. Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted dose Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Use separate feed-supply, intake and loss ledgers under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. The quantity carrying feed-production burden includes in-boundary refusals, spoilage and uneaten feed; it is not reduced to animal intake. Retain source, species/cohort, phase and original mass/moisture basis. Calculate the final contribution with inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage exactly once. Original collection denominator kind: reference_flow. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using reconciled feed-supply records that retain in-boundary losses and their production burden. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kg, day	daily/event	complete donor service	all supplying donors	per reference flow	dated donor and purchase logs; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_collection`	`semen_collection`	raw ejaculate and supplies	collection log	donor_id, event_id, volume, consumables, failed_event	volume and material issue record; Raw aggregation requirements: sum by event. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again.	mL, kg	event	all eligible events	centre collection room	per reference flow	calibrated collection record; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_quality`	`quality_grading`	accepted, downgraded, reject	laboratory assay	event_id, sperm_count, concentration, motility, grade, sample_volume, destination	grade assay; Raw aggregation requirements: reconcile each destination. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. `grading_reject_specific_output`: Failed-quality semen and assay residue follow the documented waste destination. Denominator and scope requirements：per grading event Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Reconcile input with accepted, downgraded, sampled and rejected states. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. This is a mandatory specific-output collection requirement, not a selected exchange. Preserve every actual waste, residue, reject and co-product from this operation. Create separate cards for physically distinct streams with actual material, composition/state, quantity, receiving route and Product/Waste role before dataset completeness; verify a compatible UUID or explicitly retain its unresolved identity. A genuinely mixed stream may remain one physically defined mixture supported by composition records; never invent separation or count its components again. Keep liquid and solid treatment quantities separate. Preserve original period, output balance, reference normalization and allocation rules; missing records do not establish zero or exclusion.	mL, count	event	all collections	centre laboratory	per reference flow	signed test and grade record; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_preparation`	`first_preparation`	prepared and rejected	batch log	batch_id, incoming_volume, prepared_volume, removed_volume	calibrated balance; Raw aggregation requirements: input-output balance. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again.	mL	batch	all preparation batches	centre laboratory	per reference flow	batch trace; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_formulation`	`formulation`	semen, constituents, bulk, reject	recipe log	batch_id, semen_volume, ingredient_mass, batch_volume, reject_volume	weigh actual recipe; Raw aggregation requirements: material balance. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. `extender_components_specific_input`: Record actual diluent, buffer, nutrients, antibiotic if used and cryoprotectant for the frozen route; no universal recipe. Denominator and scope requirements：per formulation batch Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh each component and reconcile with formulated bulk. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kg, mL	batch	all blended batches	centre laboratory	per reference flow	lot and scale log; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_dosing`	`dosing`	bulk, straw, filled, reject	fill-run ledger	run_id, bulk_volume, straw_issued, straw_returned, filled_count, reject_count, dose_volume, sperm_per_dose	counter and fill balance; Raw aggregation requirements: count and volume balance. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. `straws_specific_input`: Count primary containers and seals; secondary dispatch packages are separate. Denominator and scope requirements：per fill run Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Issued minus unused returns, reconciled to filled and rejected units. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	mL, dose	run	all fill runs	fill line	per reference flow	machine calibration; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_preservation`	`preservation`	energy, nitrogen, accepted, reject	cold-chain log	batch_id, route, temperature, hold_days, kWh, nitrogen_mass, vessel_service, accepted_count, reject_count	meter, logger, vessel balance; Raw aggregation requirements: route-period denominator. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. `preservation_energy_specific_input`: Operation preservation: Meter refrigeration, controlled freezing and storage utility by route and occupancy period. Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted preserved dose Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Attribute metered shared energy once to actual routes and periods. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kWh, kg, dose	batch/day	all stored lots	cold room and tanks	per reference flow	logger and purchase logs; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_dispatch`	`centre_dispatch`	package, release, reject	release ledger	lot_id, donor, species, route, grade, package_mass, vessel_cycle, released_count, reject_count, gate_time	release count and issue log; Raw aggregation requirements: count released once. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. `dispatch_packaging_specific_input`: Operation centre_dispatch: Record actual secondary package materials; returnable transport vessels are cycle-attributed assets, not consumables. Denominator and scope requirements：per accepted dispatched dose Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Issued minus unused packaging by material and lot. Original collection denominator kind: reference_flow. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default. `packing_reject_specific_output`: Damaged doses and packaging rejected before release follow actual waste routes. Denominator and scope requirements：per dispatch lot Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Reconcile released and rejected unit counts, with package mass separately measured. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. This is a mandatory output-identification requirement, not an aggregate exchange. Preserve every actual co-product, reject, packaging waste and treatment stream in this operation. Before dataset completeness create separate cards for physically distinct streams, with actual material/state, quantity, destination and Product/Waste role. A genuinely mixed waste stream may remain one physically defined mixture with measured composition; do not invent separation or count its components again. Keep unlike units separate, retain the original allocation and reference normalization, and reconcile the output balance. Identify actual functions before co-product allocation; waste does not acquire a co-product share merely by having mass. Confirm a compatible UUID or explicitly retain its unresolved identity. Missing records never establish zero or exclusion.	dose, kg	lot	all dispatches	centre gate	per reference flow	QA release and receipt; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_pathway_emissions`	`donor_management`	pathway-specific gases and manure N/C	herd, feed, manure, field and method ledger	species/class; animal-days; intake/DM/digestibility; volatile solids; manure N/TAN; system shares; climate; storage time; fertiliser N; grazing; volatilisation/leaching; methane recovery; factor source/unit; final accepted output ; collected manure wet mass; dry matter; destination	collect primary activity by node and period, document parameter applicability, retain each pathway worksheet and any linked treatment/pasture dataset Retain raw totals and normalize attributed quantities once to the measured accepted final reference output.	animal-day; kg DM; kg VS; kg N; kg CH4; kg N2O; kg NH3	each operating period and management change	complete represented cohort and service period	actual operated nodes only	per reference flow	meter/analysis records, nitrogen cascade, method and factor evidence, no-duplication ledger
`cp_feed_supply_and_intake`	`donor_management`	Feed supply, intake and loss	stock, receipt, issue and loss ledger	feed identity/source; cohort/phase; period; opening/closing stock; receipts; on-site provision; unused returns/transfers; uneaten/spoiled mass and destination; as-fed/DM; actual intake; burden owner; accepted final output	Reconcile matched stock, scales, ration/forage estimates and disposal records under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. Keep raw totals and stage denominators; assign production and treatment burden once, then normalize to accepted final output.	kg as-fed; kg DM	each issue and period close	complete represented cohort/period	actual operated feeding nodes	per reference flow	stock and supplier records; moisture evidence; loss and no-duplication reconciliation
`cp_manure_n2o_coverage`	`donor_management`	Direct and indirect manure/soil N2O coverage	pathway N ledger and method worksheet	species/class; period; excreted N; stage stocks/transfers; system shares; volatilised NH3-N/NOx-N; leached/runoff N; application/grazing N; factor source, unit and applicability; direct/indirect components; receiving medium; linked process and assigned card; accepted final output	Retain raw stage N and component calculations under calc_manure_n2o_coverage, matched to actual operation and existing manure protocols. Document unsupported or inapplicable paths and coverage boundaries; normalize attributable N2O once.	kg N; kg N2O	each reporting period and management change	complete represented management period	actual operated and explicitly linked nodes	per reference flow	N balance, factor unit/applicability, component-to-card and no-duplication worksheet

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
`material_reconcile`	collection through dispatch	Raw semen plus extender components equals accepted, downgraded, rejected, sampled and lost material after calibrated unit conversions.	`cp_collection`, `cp_quality`, `cp_preparation`, `cp_formulation`, `cp_dosing`, `cp_preservation`, `cp_dispatch`	batch material and dose balance	`fao-cryoconservation-2021`
`donor_intensity`	donor upkeep	Same-period donor burden divided by linked accepted doses after independent output attribution.	`cp_donor`, `cp_dispatch`	burden per dose	`woah-hygiene-2024`
`route_intensity`	preservation	State-specific energy, nitrogen, losses and storage occupancy divided by state-specific accepted doses.	`cp_preservation`, `cp_dispatch`	burden per route dose	`fao-cryoconservation-2021`
`shared_asset`	infrastructure	Allocate measured service/occupancy over the full service period to consuming nodes once.	`cp_donor`, `cp_preservation`, `cp_dispatch`	unique attributed asset burden	`woah-hygiene-2024`
`calc_pathway_emissions`	`donor_management`	Use species- and management-compatible methods and retain disaggregated pathway totals. Convert N2O-N to N2O by 44/28 and NH3-N to NH3 by 17/14 exactly once; already molecular masses are not reconverted. Check methane against the documented available-carbon/methane-potential balance and nitrogen losses against each stage's available N. Indirect formation from previously volatilised N is a downstream transformation, not a second source-stage N loss. Attribute and normalize once; do not duplicate linked treatment or fate-model emissions. Use matched raw-period quantities before allocation for physical screens: CH4 mass × 12/16 must not exceed the carbon available to the represented pathway; source-stage NH3 mass × 14/17 plus direct N2O mass × 28/44 and other source N losses must not exceed that stage's available N, after accounting for stocks and transfers. Bound each indirect N2O-N calculation by its documented volatilised or leached N precursor, not by subtracting that downstream transformation again from the source ledger. These are conservation checks, not emission factors or an empirical per-product range.	`cp_pathway_emissions`	kg named compound per final reference flow	`ipcc-livestock-2019`; `review-eea-manure-2023`; `review-ipcc-soils-2019`
`calc_feed_supply_and_intake`	`donor_feed`	Feed supply used by the represented operation = opening feed stock + receipts + on-site feed entering the operation - closing feed stock - documented unused returns or transfers out. Retain in-boundary spoilage, refusals and discarded leftovers in that supply. Actual intake = that supply - measured uneaten/discarded losses, after matching moisture/DM and period; use intake only for nutrition/metabolism. Opening stock retains its prior burden and is not another purchase. Trace any unused return or transfer and its burden destination; no automatic substitution credit. Attribute production once, through either the purchased-feed dataset or the represented on-site crop/collection node, never both for the same feed. Include actual waste treatment and manure contributions once, not as a second feed-production burden.	`cp_feed_supply_and_intake`	separate feed supply, intake and loss quantities, in matched as-fed/DM units	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`
`calc_manure_n2o_coverage`	`manure_n2o_air`	For each actual manure stage, calculate direct N2O, volatilisation/deposition-derived indirect N2O, and applicable leaching/runoff-derived indirect N2O separately with documented species/system activity and factor basis. Convert N2O-N to molecular N2O by 44/28 once; do not reconvert molecular masses. Retain component worksheets. Where an existing N2O card covers both direct and indirect emissions, report their non-overlapping sum; where separate direct/indirect cards exist, assign each component once to its matching card and never also report the sum. Pasture deposition and land application use the managed-soil method, not a manure-storage factor. Assign foreground versus linked treatment/pasture coverage explicitly; a manure export does not erase earlier emissions, and already covered downstream emissions are not repeated. Account for stock, transfers and previous N losses in the nitrogen cascade; indirect N2O is a downstream transformation of its precursor, not a second source-stage N loss. Normalize attributed molecular masses once to the accepted reference output. Document inapplicability; absent pathway data are not zero.	`cp_manure_n2o_coverage`	kg molecular N2O by pathway and assigned existing card	`ipcc-livestock-2019`; `review-ipcc-soils-2019`
`chemical_species_mass_accounting`	`elementary_nutrient_emissions`	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	`cp_donor`; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
`identity`	released doses	Preserve donor species/breed, batch, route, quality, sperm per dose and volume.	donor, assay and release records
`completeness`	whole centre	Include failed collections, grade rejects, formulation and fill losses, packaging, utilities and assets.	reconciled process ledgers
`temporal`	donor and storage	Match donor-days, storage occupancy, replacement/cull and outputs to declared periods.	dated husbandry and vessel logs
`comparability`	preservation states	Keep fresh/chilled/frozen denominators and quality distinct; no universal dose-yield or freezing factor.	route and quality logs

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`reference`	final dose	Require centre gate, donor species, accepted count, quality and state; unresolved product UUID blocks fixed-flow publication.	`un-cpc-3`; `woah-bovine-2024`
`route`	fresh/chilled/frozen	One state per released unit; preserve only actual route inputs, storage periods and rejects.	`fao-cryoconservation-2021`
`balance`	all material interfaces	Reconcile semen, components, grade destinations, filled count, waste and packaging with actual records.	`fao-cryoconservation-2021`
`attribution`	outputs, periods, assets	Verify cull/downgrade handoffs, donor period, causal split and unique shared-asset ownership.	`woah-hygiene-2024`
`identity_review`	flow UUIDs	Contradictory platform bovine-semen candidate remains unbound pending source correction and new detail review.	`un-cpc-3`
`v_pathway_emission_coverage`	`donor_management`	Require a pathway coverage ledger for enteric CH4 where biologically applicable, manure CH4, direct/indirect N2O, NH3 and relevant field emissions. Every pathway needs a measured/calculated value, a named linked process with matching coverage, or supported inapplicability; absent data cannot become zero. Keep wild life before capture outside managed husbandry, assess actual managed holding separately, and retain species-specific evidence.	`ipcc-livestock-2019`; `review-ipcc-soils-2019`; `review-eea-manure-2023`
`v_foreground_emission_responsibility`	Actual operated nodes and linked services	Record responsibility for on-site fuel combustion and refrigerant leakage when applicable: either quantified foreground emissions or a named linked process explicitly covering them, never merely a fuel-supply or electricity-production input. Assess special-taxon biological and residue emissions using species/route evidence, without a generic livestock factor. Identify any unresolved pathway and withhold a completeness claim; document supported absence and prevent duplicate upstream/downstream accounting.
`v_feed_supply_intake_separation`	All feed inputs	Reject an upstream feed inventory reduced by in-boundary refusal, spoilage or discarded leftovers without retaining their production burden. Reconcile supply, intake, stock, transfers and loss destinations under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. Do not reuse intake as supplied feed, assume zero-burden on-site feed or grant automatic avoided-product credits.	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`
`v_manure_n2o_coverage`	Applicable manure and managed-soil N pathways	Require explicit direct and indirect pathway coverage, stage N balances and molecular-mass conversion. Map each component to an existing N2O card or an explicitly covering linked process once under calc_manure_n2o_coverage. Missing indirect-pathway evidence prevents a completeness claim; no default zero or duplicate aggregate-plus-components.	`ipcc-livestock-2019`; `review-ipcc-soils-2019`

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground bovine-semen production package at centre dispatch.
downstream_use	`secondary_dataset`; `background_dataset` only after route, identity and data-quality review.
allowed_use	Species-, quality- and preservation-state-matched semen dose modelling.
excluded_use	Live animals, embryos, non-bovine semen, insemination service or undifferentiated fresh/frozen comparison.
required_metadata	Centre, gate, donor, health, batch, acceptance grade, sperm and volume per dose, preservation, package, storage period, outputs and allocation.
required_quality_disclosure	Unresolved UUIDs, missing records, allocation assumptions, provisional ranges and material-balance gaps.
update_trigger	Changed donor scope, quality standard, extender, preservation method, packaging, flow identity or allocation evidence.

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
`un-cpc-3`	standard	https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf	Product identity and exclusions
`woah-hygiene-2024`	standard	https://www.woah.org/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahc/2024/en_chapitre_general_hygiene_semen.htm	Donor management, centre hygiene and storage
`woah-bovine-2024`	standard	https://www.woah.org/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahc/2024/en_chapitre_coll_semen.htm	Semen collection, processing and traceability
`fao-cryoconservation-2021`	official_guidance	https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/animal_genetics/docs/CGRFA-18-21-10_2_Inf1_forPDF.pdf	Cattle and water-buffalo semen, processing and preservation routes
`ipcc-livestock-2019`	method_factor	https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch10_Livestock.pdf	Species- and pathway-specific livestock and manure emission calculations
`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`	official_guidance	FAO 2018, Environmental performance of pig supply chains: Guidelines for assessment, section 11.2.2 and Appendix 2.13	Feed-loss accounting and general LCA allocation hierarchy; extension to other taxa or reproductive products is this PCR's explicit methodological choice, not a pig parameter transfer
`review-ipcc-soils-2019`	official_guidance	IPCC 2019 Refinement, Volume 4, Chapter 11: N2O Emissions from Managed Soils	Managed-soil direct and indirect nitrogen pathways and boundary reconciliation
`review-eea-manure-2023`	official_guidance	EMEP/EEA Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Guidebook 2023, 3.B Manure Management	NH3 nitrogen-flow method; verify actual species, management and geographical applicability before adopting parameters
`collection-pe-gloves`	handbook	IMV Technologies, Polyethylene protective gloves. https://www.imv-technologies.us/product/polyethylene-protective-gloves	Polyethylene glove identity for a documented compatible operator-protection use; non-sterile product evidence does not authorize semen-contact or sterile use.

Raw downloads

These files are byte-identical to the canonical files for this revision in the repository.

pcr.en-US.md83 KB · c63ee4b5b906…
manifest.yaml14 KB · b1a568f11a42…
pcr.zh-CN.md74 KB · bcc51e324849…
structured.yaml106 KB · 9e509f560f88…

Structured rule index

This index comes from verified structured.yaml and retains the canonical English rule text.

System boundary rules · 5

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`gate`	all routes	End at quality release from the collection centre after actual preparation and protective packing; exclude later distribution and insemination.	woah-hygiene-2024, woah-bovine-2024
`donor`	donor management	Trace cattle and buffalo separately; other Bovini need source-specific evidence. Attribute observed feed, water, health and residues by donor-period, not a universal straw factor.	un-cpc-3, fao-cryoconservation-2021
`interfaces`	centre processing	Identify collected raw, graded, first prepared, formulated bulk, filled, preserved and packed states; record rejected and lost states.	woah-hygiene-2024, fao-cryoconservation-2021
`route_delta`	preservation	Fresh, chilled and frozen are mutually exclusive final states. The preservation parent activity differs in energy, cryogen, storage time, testing and losses; partition mixed lots.	fao-cryoconservation-2021
`shared_service`	assets	Housing, laboratory, refrigeration and reusable vessels serve multiple nodes or periods; record service and burden once, separately from disposable packaging.	woah-hygiene-2024

Allocation rules · 5

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`subdivide`	all nodes	Partition independently measured activity by donor species, donor, batch and route before allocation. Retain the complete observed donor and collection service period, including failed collections and rejected material, and attribute it over the actual accepted outputs.	review-fao-pig-lca-2018
`output_status`	culls and downgraded grades	Independent culls or saleable downgraded semen need actual destination and handoff; rejects and manure to treatment are waste.	un-cpc-3, woah-bovine-2024
`residual`	inseparable burdens	Prefer causal donor-days, batch use or storage occupancy; disclose any residual physical/economic split and sensitivity, never hypothetical avoided-product credit.	review-fao-pig-lca-2018
`period_asset`	donor and shared assets	Link feed, health, donor replacement/cull, laboratory and tank service to actual periods and consuming nodes once; prevent duplicate tank or room burden.	review-fao-pig-lca-2018
`allocation_method_basis`	Residual joint burdens and shared service	Apply the general LCA hierarchy: examine subdivision or an appropriately justified system expansion before residual allocation; then prefer a supported physical causal relationship, and justify an economic basis when physical attribution is not established. The donor-day, occupancy or throughput driver is a PCR modelling choice requiring case-specific evidence and sensitivity, not a requirement of sanitary guidance. Include failed attempts and losses in the service period; do not select only successful outputs or introduce hypothetical substitution credits.	review-fao-pig-lca-2018

Validation rules · 9

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`reference`	final dose	Require centre gate, donor species, accepted count, quality and state; unresolved product UUID blocks fixed-flow publication.	un-cpc-3, woah-bovine-2024
`route`	fresh/chilled/frozen	One state per released unit; preserve only actual route inputs, storage periods and rejects.	fao-cryoconservation-2021
`balance`	all material interfaces	Reconcile semen, components, grade destinations, filled count, waste and packaging with actual records.	fao-cryoconservation-2021
`attribution`	outputs, periods, assets	Verify cull/downgrade handoffs, donor period, causal split and unique shared-asset ownership.	woah-hygiene-2024
`identity_review`	flow UUIDs	Contradictory platform bovine-semen candidate remains unbound pending source correction and new detail review.	un-cpc-3
`v_pathway_emission_coverage`	donor_management	Require a pathway coverage ledger for enteric CH4 where biologically applicable, manure CH4, direct/indirect N2O, NH3 and relevant field emissions. Every pathway needs a measured/calculated value, a named linked process with matching coverage, or supported inapplicability; absent data cannot become zero. Keep wild life before capture outside managed husbandry, assess actual managed holding separately, and retain species-specific evidence.	ipcc-livestock-2019, review-ipcc-soils-2019, review-eea-manure-2023
`v_foreground_emission_responsibility`	Actual operated nodes and linked services	Record responsibility for on-site fuel combustion and refrigerant leakage when applicable: either quantified foreground emissions or a named linked process explicitly covering them, never merely a fuel-supply or electricity-production input. Assess special-taxon biological and residue emissions using species/route evidence, without a generic livestock factor. Identify any unresolved pathway and withhold a completeness claim; document supported absence and prevent duplicate upstream/downstream accounting.
`v_feed_supply_intake_separation`	All feed inputs	Reject an upstream feed inventory reduced by in-boundary refusal, spoilage or discarded leftovers without retaining their production burden. Reconcile supply, intake, stock, transfers and loss destinations under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. Do not reuse intake as supplied feed, assume zero-burden on-site feed or grant automatic avoided-product credits.	review-fao-pig-lca-2018
`v_manure_n2o_coverage`	Applicable manure and managed-soil N pathways	Require explicit direct and indirect pathway coverage, stage N balances and molecular-mass conversion. Map each component to an existing N2O card or an explicitly covering linked process once under calc_manure_n2o_coverage. Missing indirect-pathway evidence prevents a completeness claim; no default zero or duplicate aggregate-plus-components.	ipcc-livestock-2019, review-ipcc-soils-2019

Processes and inputs/outputs · 8

Process ID	Process name	Input flows	Output flows
`donor_management`	Donor-bull management	1	6
`semen_collection`	Semen collection	1	1
`quality_grading`	Quality evaluation and grading	1	2
`first_preparation`	First semen preparation	1	2
`formulation`	Extender formulation	1	2
`dosing`	Dose filling and sealing	1	2
`preservation`	Chilling or cryopreservation	2	2
`centre_dispatch`	Protective packing and dispatch	1	1

Complete field inspector

Loads this record’s complete manifest and structured projection on demand; values are never truncated. Requires JavaScript.

Bovine semen

Content languages

Readiness

Classification mapping

Source

1. Scope and Applicability

2. Product Category Identity

3. Reference Flow

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Boundary Rules

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

Process: Donor-bull management (donor_management)

Inputs

Product flows

Donor water (donor_water)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Independent live donor cull (donor_cull)

Waste flows

Donor manure to treatment (donor_manure)

Elementary flows

Enteric biogenic methane to air (enteric_ch4_air)

Manure nitrous oxide to air (manure_n2o_air)

Manure ammonia to air (manure_nh3_air)

Manure biogenic methane to air (review_donor_management_manure_ch4)

Process: Semen collection (semen_collection)

Inputs

Product flows

Disposable polyethylene protective glove (collection_consumables_glove)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Raw collected ejaculate (raw_ejaculate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Quality evaluation and grading (quality_grading)

Inputs

Product flows

Ejaculate submitted to grading (grading_input)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted semen grade (accepted_grade)

Independent downgraded grade (downgraded_grade)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: First semen preparation (first_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Accepted raw input (preparation_input)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared semen (prepared_semen)

Waste flows

Preparation rejects (preparation_reject)

Elementary flows

Process: Extender formulation (formulation)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared semen component (formulation_semen)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Formulated bulk semen (formulated_bulk)

Waste flows

Off-spec formulation (formulation_reject)

Elementary flows

Process: Dose filling and sealing (dosing)

Inputs

Product flows

Process: Donor-bull management (`donor_management`)

Donor water (`donor_water`)

Independent live donor cull (`donor_cull`)

Donor manure to treatment (`donor_manure`)

Enteric biogenic methane to air (`enteric_ch4_air`)

Manure nitrous oxide to air (`manure_n2o_air`)

Manure ammonia to air (`manure_nh3_air`)

Manure biogenic methane to air (`review_donor_management_manure_ch4`)

Process: Semen collection (`semen_collection`)

Disposable polyethylene protective glove (`collection_consumables_glove`)

Raw collected ejaculate (`raw_ejaculate`)

Process: Quality evaluation and grading (`quality_grading`)

Ejaculate submitted to grading (`grading_input`)

Accepted semen grade (`accepted_grade`)

Independent downgraded grade (`downgraded_grade`)

Process: First semen preparation (`first_preparation`)

Accepted raw input (`preparation_input`)

Prepared semen (`prepared_semen`)

Preparation rejects (`preparation_reject`)

Process: Extender formulation (`formulation`)

Prepared semen component (`formulation_semen`)

Formulated bulk semen (`formulated_bulk`)

Off-spec formulation (`formulation_reject`)

Process: Dose filling and sealing (`dosing`)

Formulated bulk for filling (`dosing_bulk`)

Accepted filled doses (`filled_doses`)

Rejected fills (`fill_reject`)

Process: Chilling or cryopreservation (`preservation`)

Filled doses to preservation (`preservation_input`)

Liquid nitrogen for frozen lots (`nitrogen`)

Accepted preserved doses (`preserved_doses`)

Preservation rejects (`preservation_reject`)

Process: Protective packing and dispatch (`centre_dispatch`)

Accepted doses to packing (`dispatch_input`)

Usable centre-dispatch dose (`usable_dose`)