Automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus, hydraulic or pneumatic

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR defines foreground data-production rules for the manufacture, factory testing, and factory-gate delivery of automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus whose control output or actuation is hydraulic or pneumatic. Covered products include complete hydraulic or pneumatic regulators, controllers, control-valve positioners, pressure or flow controllers, and functionally equivalent automatic control apparatus delivered as finished manufactured products.

The PCR covers configurable analogue, electronic, electro-hydraulic, electro-pneumatic, and fluidic products when their declared primary function is automatic regulation or control through a hydraulic or pneumatic output or mechanism. Product-specific construction, controlled variable, input signal, output signal, pressure or flow range, materials, and test specification remain mandatory qualifiers.

The PCR excludes sensors or measuring-only instruments without automatic control action; hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders, motors, pumps, compressors, and power-transmission equipment; manually operated valves; electrical-only controllers without hydraulic or pneumatic control output; parts and accessories sold separately; and integrated machines for which the controller is not a separately declared product. Distribution, installation, use, maintenance, and end-of-life are outside the default factory-gate foreground boundary.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.medical-appliances-precision-and-optical-instruments-watches-and-clocks.automatic-regulating-or-controlling-instruments-and-apparatus-hydraulic-or-pneumatic
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 48266 — Automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus, hydraulic or pneumatic
covered_products	Finished hydraulic or pneumatic automatic regulators, controllers, control-valve positioners, and equivalent automatic control apparatus with a hydraulic or pneumatic output or mechanism
excluded_products	Measuring-only instruments; cylinders, motors, pumps and compressors; manually operated valves; electrical-only controllers; separately sold parts; controllers inseparable from a larger machine
representative_product	A factory-tested automatic regulator or controller supplied as a finished hydraulic, pneumatic, electro-hydraulic, or electro-pneumatic instrument
production_route	Purchased and/or internally prepared components → assembly → functional calibration and pressure/flow/leak testing → final finishing, identification and packaging
market_state	Finished manufactured product at the factory gate, with net product mass and packaging reported separately

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide a finished automatic regulating or controlling instrument that performs the declared hydraulic or pneumatic control function
How much	1 kg net mass of conforming finished instrument at the factory gate
How well	Meets the declared control function, signal interface, pressure or flow range, accuracy or performance class, and applicable factory acceptance test specification
How long or cycle	One completed production output at factory gate; service life and use-stage performance are not represented by this mass-based reference flow
reference_flow_link	The amount of the selected finished-product flow required to deliver 1 kg net conforming product output

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus, hydraulic or pneumatic 2e112504-677d-408e-817c-751e1746af52
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	hydraulic or pneumatic route; controller or regulator type; controlled variable; input signal; output or actuation principle; rated pressure or flow range; accuracy or performance class; principal materials and electronics content; manufacturing geography; production route; factory-test specification; packaging inclusion

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_net_mass	reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize every inventory amount to 1 kg net mass of conforming finished instrument. Include permanently installed components, integral fill fluids and factory-applied lubricants; exclude shipping packaging and separately supplied installation accessories from the reference mass and report them as separate inputs.
packaging_mass_separation	packaging	Mass	kg	Measure primary, secondary and tertiary packaging by material and keep it outside the net product reference mass.
energy_carrier_preservation	electricity, fuels and compressed-air supply	Energy or carrier-specific property	kWh, MJ, kg or m3 as metered	Preserve the meter or invoice unit and conversion factor; do not convert compressed-air consumption into electricity unless compressor energy and allocation are documented.
test_medium_balance	hydraulic fluids, water, gases and other factory-test media	Mass or volume	kg or m3	Record charge, make-up, recovered/reused quantity, discharge, and closing inventory consistently so that net test-medium consumption and releases are auditable.
production_mass_reconciliation	material inputs, products, rejects and wastes	Mass	kg	Reconcile product and material masses over the declared production period, including inventory change and moisture or fluid additions where relevant; document the facility accounting tolerance and every unresolved difference.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased materials and subassemblies received at the manufacturing site, plus internally transferred components entering the first included foreground operation
starting_condition_role	Factory-gate foreground start for product manufacture
product_classification_scope	Finished products matching the semantic scope of hydraulic or pneumatic automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus; CPC 3.0 code 48266 is a classification reference, not the canonical identity
recursive_input_rule	When an unfinished or complete controller in the same product category enters an included process, record it once as a product input and use a separately identified upstream dataset; do not recursively reproduce its manufacturing inventory inside the receiving process
upstream_dataset_requirement	Every purchased material, component, energy carrier, packaging material, treatment service, and same-category input shall link to an appropriate upstream dataset or carry a documented data gap
disclosure	Declare the manufacturing site and period, hydraulic or pneumatic route, in-house versus outsourced operations, included tests, treatment of factory infrastructure, packaging boundary, and all deviations from the default process map

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_factory_gate_manufacture	all included foreground operations	Include material receipt and internal transfer, in-house component preparation, assembly, adjustment, calibration, pressure/flow/function/leak testing, final cleaning or finishing, identification, packaging, internal transport, utilities, consumables, manufacturing rejects, wastes and direct releases whenever they occur within the declared factory-gate production route.	eu-pef-2021; iso-4413-2010; iso-4414-2010
boundary_purchased_inputs	purchased materials, components and services	Quantify purchased inputs at the factory gate and connect them to upstream datasets. Supplier production is outside the foreground process map but not omitted from downstream life-cycle modelling.	eu-pef-2021
boundary_test_and_calibration	factory acceptance testing	Include the actual factory test programme and record electricity, compressed air, hydraulic fluid, water or other test media, recovery loops, failed units, replaced parts and direct releases. State whether the product was tested alone or with an actuator or test rig and cite the applicable test specification.	iso-10770-hydraulic-control-valves; iec-61514-2026
boundary_no_unreviewed_cutoff	foreground inputs and outputs	Do not omit a required foreground process or a material, energy, waste or direct-emission flow solely because its mass or cost is small. Any exclusion shall be identified, justified, and assessed for potential significance.	eu-pef-2021
boundary_default_exclusions	downstream and capital activities	Exclude distribution beyond the factory gate, installation, use, maintenance and end-of-life by default. Exclude capital equipment and buildings unless the study goal brings them into scope; disclose any inclusion.	eu-pef-2021
boundary_recursive_product_input	same-category inputs	Apply the Boundary Abstraction recursive input rule and retain the upstream dataset identity, amount and product-state qualifier for each same-category input.

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
component_preparation	Component fabrication, cleaning and preparation	conditional	Include when machining, forming, cleaning, coating, circuit preparation, seal preparation, or comparable component work occurs at the reporting site	foreground component preparation	kg prepared components transferred to assembly
product_assembly	Product assembly and adjustment	required	Always include	foreground production	kg assembled instrument sent to factory testing
functional_test_and_calibration	Functional calibration, pressure/flow and leak testing	required	Always include the actual acceptance-test route used for conforming output	foreground quality assurance	kg conforming tested instrument
finishing_and_packaging	Final finishing, identification and packaging	required	Always include	foreground factory-gate completion	1 kg net finished reference product

Process: Component fabrication, cleaning and preparation (component_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Materials and purchased components for in-house preparation (prep_materials_components)

Record BOM-resolved metals, polymers, elastomers, electronic parts, hydraulic or pneumatic parts, fasteners, housings and other purchased items that enter in-house component preparation.

• Selected flow: Product-specific material or component flow; no generic UUID is prescribed
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: received or issued mass from purchase, warehouse and BOM records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_and_materials

Preparation consumables (prep_consumables)

Record cleaners, machining fluids, surface-treatment chemicals, coatings, solders, adhesives and other process consumables actually used in component preparation.

• Selected flow: Substance- or product-specific consumable flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: purchased or issued quantity adjusted for inventory change and returns
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_consumables_and_inventory

Electricity and fuels for component preparation (prep_energy)

Record metered electricity and any fuel or heat consumed by included machining, forming, cleaning, drying, coating and local extraction equipment.

• Selected flow: Site-specific electricity, fuel or heat carrier
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh or MJ; carrier mass or volume where invoiced
• Amount rule: submetered consumption or allocated facility meter balance for included operations
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_utilities

Waste flows

No waste enters this process by default. Record a waste input only when an externally generated waste is accepted and processed within the declared foreground operation.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed. Record direct withdrawals from the environment when they occur and are not represented by a supplied product flow.

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared components transferred to assembly (prepared_components)

Record the mass of conforming internally prepared components transferred to product assembly.

• Selected flow: Product-specific prepared component or subassembly
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: transfer quantity from production and warehouse records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg prepared component output and reconciled per 1 kg net finished product
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_production_and_quality

Waste flows

Preparation scrap and spent process materials (prep_waste)

Record metal and polymer scrap, spent fluids, sludge, off-spec components, used filters and other preparation waste by treatment route and hazardous status.

• Selected flow: Waste-specific flow by material and treatment route
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured waste shipment, container or production-reject quantity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_rejects

Elementary flows

Direct preparation emissions (prep_direct_emissions)

Record measured or permitted direct releases to air, water or soil from preparation, cleaning, coating or local treatment, without duplicating emissions already represented by an upstream energy or treatment dataset.

• Selected flow: Substance-specific elementary flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured release or calculation from collected activity data and an identified method
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions

Process: Product assembly and adjustment (product_assembly)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared and purchased components for assembly (assembly_components)

Record each internally prepared or purchased housing, valve body, diaphragm, bellows, spring, seal, nozzle, relay, actuator interface, sensor, circuit, connector, fastener and other BOM item entering final assembly.

• Selected flow: Product-specific component or subassembly flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: BOM quantity reconciled with issue, return and inventory records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_and_materials

Assembly consumables and integral fluids (assembly_consumables)

Record solder, adhesive, thread sealant, lubricant, hydraulic fill, grease, cleaning materials and other consumables; identify the fraction remaining in the finished product.

• Selected flow: Substance- or product-specific assembly consumable
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: issued quantity adjusted for returns, inventory change and recovered material
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_consumables_and_inventory

Assembly electricity and utilities (assembly_energy)

Record electricity, compressed air and other utilities used for assembly, joining, adjustment, cleaning and local environmental control.

• Selected flow: Site-specific electricity or utility carrier
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh or MJ; compressed-air volume / m3 where metered
• Amount rule: submetered use or allocated facility meter balance for the assembly line
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_utilities

Waste flows

No waste input is prescribed for ordinary assembly.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed for ordinary assembly.

Outputs

Product flows

Assembled instrument sent to testing (assembled_instrument)

Record the mass and count of assembled instruments entering functional test and calibration.

• Selected flow: Product-specific assembled but not yet accepted instrument
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg and supplementary item count
• Amount rule: production transfer record
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg assembled instrument output and reconciled per 1 kg net finished product
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_production_and_quality

Waste flows

Assembly rejects and discarded consumables (assembly_waste)

Record rejected components, solder or adhesive residues, used wipes, replaced seals and other assembly wastes by treatment route.

• Selected flow: Waste-specific flow by material and treatment route
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured reject and waste-handling records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_rejects

Elementary flows

Direct assembly emissions (assembly_direct_emissions)

Record direct substance releases from soldering, bonding, cleaning or other assembly operations when site measurements or a documented calculation establish that they cross the environmental boundary.

• Selected flow: Substance-specific elementary flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured release or calculation from collected activity data and an identified method
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions

Process: Functional calibration, pressure/flow and leak testing (functional_test_and_calibration)

Inputs

Product flows

Assembled instruments entering factory acceptance testing (test_instruments)

Record the assembled instrument mass and count entering the declared test and calibration programme.

• Selected flow: Product-specific assembled instrument
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg and supplementary item count
• Amount rule: test-lot entry record
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_and_calibration

Test energy and compressed-air supply (test_energy)

Record electricity and compressed air consumed by pressure, flow, response, calibration, leak and endurance tests included in the production acceptance route.

• Selected flow: Site-specific electricity and compressed-air supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh or compressed-air volume / m3; retain compressor electricity separately when directly metered
• Amount rule: test-bench meter readings or allocated utility balance linked to test cycles
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_utilities
• Sources: iso-10770-hydraulic-control-valves; iec-61514-2026

Hydraulic fluid, water, gas and other test media (test_media)

Record each test medium charged to the bench, including make-up quantities and media retained in the finished product; distinguish recovered and recirculated media.

• Selected flow: Medium-specific product flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg or volume / m3
• Amount rule: opening inventory plus charged and make-up quantity minus recovered closing inventory, with discharged quantities reported separately
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_and_calibration
• Sources: iso-10770-hydraulic-control-valves; iec-61514-2026

Waste flows

No waste enters factory acceptance testing by default.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed. Record any direct environmental withdrawal used as a test medium only when it is not represented as a supplied product flow.

Outputs

Product flows

Conforming tested instrument (tested_instrument)

Record the mass and count of instruments that pass the declared acceptance criteria and proceed to final finishing and packaging.

• Selected flow: Product-specific conforming tested instrument
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg and supplementary item count
• Amount rule: passed quantity from signed test or calibration records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg conforming tested output and reconciled per 1 kg net finished product
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_and_calibration
• Sources: iso-10770-hydraulic-control-valves; iec-61514-2026

Recovered test medium returned to the loop (recovered_test_medium)

Record recovered hydraulic fluid, water or other media returned to storage or a subsequent test cycle so that gross circulation is not reported as net consumption.

• Selected flow: Medium-specific recovered product flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg or volume / m3
• Amount rule: measured recovered quantity returned to usable inventory
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_and_calibration

Waste flows

Failed units, replaced parts and spent test media (test_waste)

Record failed instruments or parts not returned to production, spent hydraulic fluid, filters, contaminated absorbents and other test waste by treatment route.

• Selected flow: Waste-specific flow by material and treatment route
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: failed-unit disposition and waste shipment records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_rejects

Elementary flows

Direct releases during testing (test_direct_releases)

Record test fluids, aerosols or other substances released directly to air, water or soil. Do not represent ordinary vented compressed air as a pollutant unless a substance-specific environmental flow is present.

• Selected flow: Substance-specific elementary flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured discharge or test-medium balance attributable to direct release
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions

Process: Final finishing, identification and packaging (finishing_and_packaging)

Inputs

Product flows

Conforming tested instruments for final completion (finish_tested_instrument)

Record conforming tested instruments entering final cleaning, identification and packaging.

• Selected flow: Product-specific conforming tested instrument
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: production transfer record
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_production_and_quality

Packaging, labels and final-finishing materials (packaging_materials)

Record packaging by material and level, plus labels, protective caps, desiccants, final cleaners and preservation materials; identify separately supplied accessories.

• Selected flow: Material-specific packaging or finishing flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: BOM or packing-list quantity reconciled with issue and inventory records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_and_dispatch

Finishing and packaging energy (packaging_energy)

Record electricity and other utilities used for final cleaning, marking, preservation and packaging.

• Selected flow: Site-specific electricity or utility carrier
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh or MJ
• Amount rule: submetered use or allocated meter balance for included finishing and packaging operations
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_utilities

Waste flows

No waste input is prescribed for final finishing and packaging.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed for final finishing and packaging.

Outputs

Product flows

Factory-gate reference product (reference_product)

The output is the conforming finished hydraulic or pneumatic automatic regulating or controlling instrument, excluding separately reported shipping packaging.

• Selected flow: Automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus, hydraulic or pneumatic 2e112504-677d-408e-817c-751e1746af52
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: exactly 1 kg net conforming finished instrument output
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Generic (generic)
• Normalization basis: PCR reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)

Waste flows

Packaging scraps, final rejects and discarded finishing materials (packaging_waste)

Record packaging offcuts, damaged packs, final rejected products, used cleaning materials and other finishing waste by treatment route.

• Selected flow: Waste-specific flow by material and treatment route
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured waste and final-reject records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_rejects

Elementary flows

Direct finishing emissions (finishing_direct_emissions)

Record substance-specific direct releases from final cleaning, marking, preservation or coating when they cross the environmental boundary.

• Selected flow: Substance-specific elementary flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured release or calculation from collected activity data and an identified method
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming finished instrument
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid_by_subdivision	multi-product lines and shared processes	Prefer subdivision using product- or line-specific BOM, production, test, energy, waste and emission records. Keep separately measured operations separate rather than allocating them.	eu-pef-2021
allocation_causal_driver	unavoidable shared utilities and operations	Where subdivision is not feasible, allocate using a documented causal physical driver: measured energy, machine or test-bench time and rated power for utilities; processed mass or item count for handling; occupied test cycles for test equipment; and measured waste mass for treatment.	eu-pef-2021
allocation_other_relationship	residual multifunctionality	Use another relationship, including economic value, only when neither subdivision nor a defensible physical relationship is feasible. Record the reason, period, products, factor values and sensitivity of the result.	eu-pef-2021
allocation_scrap_and_recovery	recyclable scrap and recovered test media	Record recovered test media returned to the foreground loop as an internal return and report only net make-up consumption. Record scrap leaving the system by waste type and treatment route; do not apply an avoided-burden credit inside this factory-gate dataset unless a downstream modelling method explicitly requires and documents it.	eu-pef-2021
allocation_rework	reworked instruments and components	Keep rework materials, energy, testing and wastes in the foreground inventory of the conforming output. Do not treat rework as a co-product.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_bom_and_materials	component_preparation; product_assembly	material and component inputs	BOM, purchase, warehouse issue/return and inventory records	item_id; description; supplier; material; quantity; unit_mass; issued_quantity; returned_quantity; opening_inventory; closing_inventory; lot; product_variant	Export controlled BOM and reconcile with warehouse movements and physical inventory	kg and item	each lot or monthly reconciliation	complete declared production period	all included lines and outsourced inputs received at the site	net consumed quantity = opening inventory + receipts/issues − returns − closing inventory; map to product variant and normalize to conforming net output	approved BOM revision, supplier record, inventory reconciliation, scale calibration
cp_consumables_and_inventory	component_preparation; product_assembly	chemicals, fluids, lubricants and consumables	purchase, issue, return, tank or container inventory records	substance_id; composition_or_grade; quantity; unit; opening_inventory; closing_inventory; returned_or_recovered_quantity; process; retained_in_product_fraction	Reconcile stores and process inventory; retain substance or grade identity	kg, L or m3	monthly and at campaign close	complete declared production period	all included foreground processes	calculate net use by process and identify amount retained in product, emitted, recovered or discarded	invoices, SDS or specification, inventory log, calibrated tank/container measurement
cp_energy_and_utilities	all process ids	electricity, fuel, heat and compressed-air supply	submeters, facility meters, invoices and equipment operating logs	meter_id; carrier; opening_reading; closing_reading; unit; timestamp; line; machine_time; test_cycles; rated_power; compressor_output	Prefer submetering; otherwise reconcile facility balance and allocate by documented causal driver	kWh, MJ, kg, L or m3	continuous or at least monthly	complete declared production period	reporting site and included lines	meter difference minus excluded loads, then allocate only the unresolved shared balance and normalize to conforming output	meter calibration, invoice reconciliation, allocation worksheet
cp_production_and_quality	all process ids	transfers, yields, rejects and conforming output	production orders, transfer records, count and mass records, nonconformance and rework logs	product_variant; started_count; started_mass; transfer_count; transfer_mass; passed_count; passed_mass; rejected_count; rejected_mass; reworked_count; timestamp	Reconcile each process transfer and quality disposition by product variant	kg and item	each batch or production order	complete declared production period	all included lines	aggregate conforming and rejected quantities, retain rework in the relevant operation, and normalize by net conforming output mass	signed batch record, calibrated scale, quality release and nonconformance records
cp_test_and_calibration	functional_test_and_calibration	test route, test media, results and recovery	test-bench logs, calibration certificates, medium inventories and failure records	unit_id; test_standard; test_configuration; controlled_variable; setpoint_range; pressure_or_flow_range; input_signal; output_signal; start_time; end_time; pass_fail; medium_charge; make_up; recovered; discharged; retained	Capture machine-readable test records and reconcile medium balance for each test configuration	test-specific units, kg or m3	each tested unit or statistically justified lot	complete declared production period	every included test bench and outsourced acceptance test	aggregate test cycles, passes, failures and net media use by product variant; preserve the test specification and configuration	calibrated reference instruments, traceable calibration certificate, signed test record, medium inventory reconciliation
cp_packaging_and_dispatch	finishing_and_packaging	packaging and separately supplied accessories	packaging BOM, packing lists, material issue and dispatch records	packaging_item; material; level; unit_mass; quantity; returned_quantity; accessory_id; included_in_reference_mass; dispatch_lot	Reconcile packaging BOM and issued quantity with packed and dispatched units	kg and item	each packing lot or monthly	complete declared production period	all included packing lines	calculate packaging mass by material and level per kg net product; keep accessories and packaging outside reference mass unless permanently installed	approved packaging specification, packing list, scale record, dispatch reconciliation
cp_waste_and_rejects	all process ids	waste, scrap, rejected parts and spent media	waste manifests, container weights, treatment invoices and reject disposition records	waste_type; material; hazardous_status; source_process; gross_weight; tare; net_weight; treatment_route; destination; date; rejected_product_link	Weigh or otherwise quantify each waste shipment and reconcile production rejects	kg	each shipment and monthly reconciliation	complete declared production period	all included foreground processes	subtract tare, aggregate by source process and treatment route, reconcile rejected product mass and normalize to conforming output	calibrated scale, waste manifest, treatment certificate, nonconformance record
cp_direct_emissions	all process ids	direct releases to air, water and soil	continuous monitoring, sampling, permit reports or activity-factor calculations	substance; compartment; concentration; flow_rate; duration; activity_data; factor; method; uncertainty; control_efficiency	Prefer direct measurement; otherwise calculate from collected activity data using an identified method without duplicating upstream emissions	kg or method-specific unit	per monitoring plan and each abnormal event	complete declared production period	all on-site included release points	integrate measured concentration and flow or apply the documented calculation; subtract only measured recovery and normalize to conforming output	laboratory report, monitor calibration, permit return, calculation method and uncertainty record

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	every inventory amount	normalized amount = period amount / period net mass of conforming finished instruments × 1 kg	period flow amount; conforming net output mass	amount per 1 kg reference product	eu-pef-2021
calc_material_consumption	BOM materials and consumables	net consumption = opening inventory + receipts or issues − returns − recovered usable material − closing inventory; reconcile with product, waste, emission and stock-change masses	inventory and movement records	net material consumption by item and process
calc_energy_utility	electricity, fuels, heat and compressed air	included utility = meter closing − opening − excluded loads; allocate only unresolved shared use with the selected causal driver	meters, invoices, excluded loads, driver values	utility consumption by process and product	eu-pef-2021
calc_test_medium_balance	hydraulic fluid, water, gas and other test media	net medium consumption = opening inventory + charge + make-up − recovered usable closing inventory − separately accounted discharge; separately report retained product fill, waste and direct release	test and inventory records	net medium input and reconciled output routes	iso-10770-hydraulic-control-valves; iec-61514-2026
calc_process_yield	each manufacturing process	yield = conforming transferred mass or count / started mass or count; retain rework inputs and final disposition in the inventory	production, transfer, pass, reject and rework records	process yield and reject fraction
calc_mass_reconciliation	complete foreground system	input mass = product mass + waste mass + direct mass releases + closing stock increase − opening stock increase, with moisture and fluid additions identified; investigate the residual against the declared accounting tolerance	all mass records	mass-balance residual and explanation

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_product_identity	reference product and product variants	Use the exact reference product UUID and declare every required qualifier, BOM revision, product variant and hydraulic or pneumatic route represented by the dataset.	Tiangong identity readback, controlled product specification, released BOM and dataset metadata
dq_technology_representativeness	process map and tests	The included component preparation, assembly and test route shall represent the technology actually used for the declared product; identify outsourced operations and omitted conditional processes.	process map, work instructions, supplier scope and test plan
dq_time_representativeness	all foreground records	Use one complete, internally consistent production period or campaign that captures normal production, rework and test activity; disclose start/end dates, shutdowns, abnormal events and any mixed-period source.	dated meter, production, inventory, waste and quality records
dq_geographical_representativeness	site and upstream links	Declare each manufacturing site and the geography of energy and major upstream datasets; do not silently combine sites with materially different routes.	site metadata, supplier records and dataset geography
dq_precision_and_uncertainty	measurements and calculations	Retain meter resolution, calibration status, sampling basis, allocation driver and known uncertainty for material flows, utilities, test media, waste and direct emissions.	calibration certificates, sampling plan, meter register and calculation worksheet
dq_completeness	required and applicable processes	Account for every required process, every applicable conditional process, all BOM materials, utilities, test media, packaging, rejects, wastes and direct releases; identify and justify each data gap or exclusion.	completeness matrix, BOM-to-inventory reconciliation, process map and exclusion log
dq_test_traceability	functional test and calibration	Preserve the applicable test specification, test configuration, reference-instrument calibration, pass/fail criterion and linkage from test record to product variant or lot.	test-bench record, calibration certificate and quality release
dq_quality_rating_disclosure	published dataset	Assess and disclose technological, geographical and time representativeness and precision, together with limitations affecting reuse.	data-quality assessment aligned with the PEF data-quality dimensions

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validate_reference_identity	reference flow	The reference product shall be 2e112504-677d-408e-817c-751e1746af52, flow type Product, CPC 48266, state_code=100, with Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, and kg as the reference unit.
validate_required_qualifiers	reference product metadata	Fail completeness when any required qualifier is missing or when the declared product is measuring-only, manually operated, electrical-only, a power actuator, a separately sold part, or an inseparable machine component outside this PCR scope.	unsd-cpc-3-0
validate_process_coverage	process inventory	Product assembly, functional test and calibration, and finishing and packaging shall be present. Component preparation shall be present when performed at the site, or explicitly marked not applicable with the outsourced upstream dataset identified.	eu-pef-2021; iso-4413-2010; iso-4414-2010
validate_test_route	factory acceptance testing	The dataset shall identify the tested configuration, applicable specification, test conditions and acceptance result; test energy, media, failures and releases shall be inventoried for the actual route.	iso-10770-hydraulic-control-valves; iec-61514-2026
validate_reference_mass	normalization	The reference output shall equal 1 kg net conforming finished instrument. Packaging and separately supplied accessories shall not be included in that net mass.
validate_mass_reconciliation	foreground mass flows	Product, waste, direct release and inventory-change masses shall reconcile with material inputs within the declared facility accounting tolerance. Every residual outside that tolerance shall be investigated and disclosed.
validate_energy_and_test_media	utilities and testing	Energy carriers and test media shall retain their measured units and conversion factors. Gross circulation of recovered test medium shall not be reported as net consumption, and compressed-air volume shall not be converted to electricity without documented compressor energy and allocation.	iso-10770-hydraulic-control-valves; iec-61514-2026
validate_no_unreviewed_cutoff	foreground completeness	Every exclusion shall name the affected process or flow and justify its potential significance; an unreviewed mass- or cost-only cut-off fails completeness.	eu-pef-2021
validate_allocation	shared and multifunctional operations	Verify that subdivision was attempted first, that any physical driver is causal and period-consistent, and that every residual allocation factor and sensitivity is disclosed.	eu-pef-2021
validate_data_quality	foreground evidence	Verify record-period consistency, site and technology representativeness, calibration or quality evidence, test traceability, upstream dataset links and explicit disclosure of gaps and limitations.	eu-pef-2021

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	foreground_product_manufacturing_dataset
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	Factory-gate modelling of a declared hydraulic or pneumatic automatic controller or regulator when product qualifiers, production route, geography, technology and period are compatible with the study
excluded_use	Measuring-only instruments, manually operated valves, hydraulic or pneumatic power actuators, electrical-only controllers, separately sold parts, use-stage energy or leakage, service-life comparison, and comparative assertions between products with different functions or performance qualifiers
required_metadata	canonical PCR id; reference flow UUID and unit chain; product name and variant; hydraulic or pneumatic route; controlled variable; input and output signals; rated pressure or flow range; performance or accuracy class; principal materials and electronics content; site and geography; production period; included and outsourced processes; test specification and configuration; allocation methods; packaging boundary
required_quality_disclosure	data sources and collection protocols; metering and allocation coverage; BOM and mass-balance reconciliation; test traceability; technological, geographical and time representativeness; precision and uncertainty; data gaps, exclusions and unresolved residuals
update_trigger	Material change to product function or qualifiers, BOM or integral fluid, manufacturing or test technology, supplier or site route, energy or utility system, allocation method, waste or emission control, applicable test standard, or evidence showing that the dataset no longer represents current production

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-0	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 3.0 structure and explanatory notes, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/CPC (retrieved 2026-08-09)	Classification scope and product-category identity for CPC 48266
eu-pef-2021	official_guidance	European Commission, Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279, Annex I Product Environmental Footprint Method, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32021H2279 (retrieved 2026-08-09)	Functional-unit structure, reference-flow normalization, manufacturing boundary, foreground completeness, allocation hierarchy and data-quality dimensions
iso-4413-2010	standard	ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components, https://www.iso.org/standard/44781.html (retrieved 2026-08-09)	Hydraulic product route scope and inclusion of assembly, adjustment, cleaning, reliable operation, energy and environmental considerations
iso-4414-2010	standard	ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components, https://www.iso.org/standard/44790.html (retrieved 2026-08-09)	Pneumatic product route scope and inclusion of assembly, adjustment, cleaning, reliable operation, energy and environmental considerations
iso-10770-hydraulic-control-valves	standard	ISO 10770-2:2012, Hydraulic fluid power — Electrically modulated hydraulic control valves — Part 2: Test methods for three-port directional flow-control valves, https://www.iso.org/standard/55084.html; ISO 10770-3:2020, Part 3: Test methods for pressure control valves, https://www.iso.org/standard/73619.html (retrieved 2026-08-09)	Hydraulic controller performance-test scope, test-route declaration and foreground test-media/energy collection
iec-61514-2026	standard	IEC 61514:2026, Industrial-process control systems — Methods of evaluating the performance of valve positioners with pneumatic outputs, https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/69949 (retrieved 2026-08-09)	Pneumatic positioner test configurations, performance testing, test reporting and acceptance-record traceability