Other vegetables and pulses, preserved other than by vinegar, acetic acid or sugar, n.e.c. · 8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
protocol-materials	preparation; preservation	vegetable or pulse input; intermediate	weighbridge, scale or batch record	material identity, supplier, lot, gross mass, tare, accepted mass, route, batch	Calibrated weighing reconciled to inventory movement	kg	Each receipt or batch	At least one representative annual period including seasonal campaigns	Each included site and route	Sum accepted mass by exact material and route; no aggregation across botanical identities	Calibration, lot traceability and annual mass balance
protocol-ingredients	preservation	ingredient	formulation and dispensing record	ingredient identity, batch, issued mass, returned mass, concentration	Calibrated dispensing or verified formulation record	kg	Each batch	Same period as product output	Each included line	Sum net additions by atomic ingredient	Formula authorization and stock reconciliation
protocol-packaging	packaging_release	packaging component	component issue and line return	component identity, composition, unit mass, issued count, returned count, rejects	Count multiplied by verified unit mass	kg	Each production order	Same period as product output	Each package format	Sum each component separately; allocate shared tertiary packaging by shipped mass	Supplier specification, count reconciliation and unit-mass checks
protocol-product	preservation; packaging_release	conforming output	filler, check-weigher and release record	product identity, route, gross mass, tare, net mass, packing medium, solids, package, status	Calibrated weighing and quality release	kg	Each batch	Same period as all inputs	Each included product route	Sum only conforming released net content	Calibration and release certificate
protocol-water	all applicable processes	incoming water	water meter and tank record	meter id, opening, closing, recirculation, use area	Submeter or reconciled water balance	m3	Daily or per batch	Representative annual period	Each included site	Sum make-up water by use; do not count recirculation as new input	Meter calibration and site water balance
protocol-energy	all applicable processes	electricity, heat or steam	meter and utility record	meter id, opening, closing, export, steam state, condensate return, process time	Calibrated submeter; documented allocation only for shared meter	kWh or MJ	Daily or per batch	Representative annual period	Each included site and line	Sum by energy carrier and route; subtract documented exports	Meter calibration, invoices and allocation check
protocol-fuels	onsite_utilities	individual fuel	meter, purchase and tank record	fuel identity, quantity, density, LHV, moisture, opening and closing stock	Metered or stock-reconciled consumption	MJ LHV	Delivery and monthly reconciliation	Representative annual period	Each on-site utility unit	Convert each fuel separately; do not use a combined fuel flow	Invoice, tank reconciliation and supplier LHV
protocol-refrigerants	onsite_utilities	individual refrigerant loss	service and inventory record	chemical identity, opening stock, additions, recovery, closing stock, equipment	Refrigerant mass balance	kg	Every service event and annual reconciliation	Representative annual period	Each refrigeration system	Calculate each chemical separately	Service tickets and inventory reconciliation
protocol-cleaning	cleaning	individual cleaning agent	dosing and chemical issue record	chemical identity, concentration, issued mass, returned mass, program	Calibrated dosing or stock reconciliation	kg	Each cleaning program	Representative annual period	Each included line	Sum active supplied product by chemical	Dosing calibration and safety-data-sheet identity
protocol-treatment-chemicals	wastewater_treatment	individual treatment chemical	dosing and chemical issue record	chemical identity, concentration, issued mass, returned mass, treatment stage	Calibrated dosing or stock reconciliation	kg	Each dosing period	Representative annual period	Each on-site treatment system	Sum net addition by chemical; do not aggregate coagulant and flocculant	Dosing calibration, chemical identity and stock reconciliation
protocol-waste	all applicable processes	solid waste or sludge	waste scale and consignment record	waste identity, gross mass, tare, dry matter, destination, recovery status	Calibrated scale or contractor ticket	kg	Each collection	Same period as product output	Each included site	Sum each physically separate waste stream and destination	Ticket reconciliation and dry-matter analysis for sludge
protocol-wastewater	all applicable processes	wastewater volume	flow meter and batch discharge	stream identity, volume, destination, recirculation	Submeter or verified water balance	m3	Continuous total or each discharge	Representative annual period	Each source and treatment system	Preserve source streams before treatment aggregation	Meter calibration and water-balance closure
protocol-effluent	wastewater_treatment	pollutant to water	flow and laboratory record	sampling time, flow, concentration, method, detection limit	Flow-weighted sampling and accredited analysis	kg	Permit frequency or representative composite sampling	Same period as treatment operation	Final discharge point	Multiply flow-weighted concentration by discharge volume for each pollutant	Laboratory report, method and detection-limit treatment
protocol-emissions	preservation; onsite_utilities; wastewater_treatment	direct emission to air	stack, off-gas or engineering record	species, concentration or factor, gas flow, fuel or activity, control state	Measurement preferred; otherwise equipment-specific calculation from collected activity	kg	Permit frequency and representative operation	Representative annual period	Each direct emission source	Calculate each species separately	Monitoring report or calculation inputs and factor provenance

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
normalize-reference	All exchanges	normalized exchange = reporting-period exchange / reporting-period conforming net product content	atomic exchange amount; kg net product	exchange per 1 kg net product	eu-pef-2021-2279
material-balance	Each route	accepted raw material + ingredients + retained packing water = conforming product + measured product losses + residues + water removed, after consistent moisture basis	mass records; solids or moisture analyses	route mass-balance closure	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
steam-energy	Purchased or on-site steam	useful steam energy = steam mass × (supply enthalpy - returned-condensate enthalpy)	steam mass, pressure, temperature, condensate state	MJ useful steam	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
pollutant-load	Wastewater release	pollutant mass = flow-weighted concentration × discharged volume, with explicit unit conversion	concentration; discharge volume	kg pollutant	eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019
refrigerant-loss	Each refrigerant	loss = opening inventory + additions - recovered mass - closing inventory; investigate negative or implausible balances	refrigerant inventory and service records	kg emitted chemical	eu-pef-2021-2279

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq-identity	Product and all inputs	Preserve exact product, vegetable or pulse, ingredient, package, fuel, refrigerant, waste and emission identity; prohibit selector text and unverified UUID substitution.	Product specification, supplier document, Tiangong direct-read evidence where a UUID is used
dq-time	All foreground data	Use one consistent representative reporting period covering seasonal starts, shutdowns and normal campaigns; disclose exclusions and exceptional production.	Production calendar, meter coverage and reconciliation
dq-technology	Preservation route	Record actual equipment, scheduled thermal process or cold condition, solids, packing medium and process control; do not substitute a generic route.	Process authority record, batch log, equipment list and product release record
dq-geography	Upstream links	Match electricity, heat, water, agricultural inputs, packaging and treatment to the supplying geography; disclose proxies.	Supplier location, contracts and dataset metadata
dq-completeness	Inventory	Account for all atomic inputs, outputs, wastes and direct emissions in Section 6 that apply to the route; document a true zero or non-applicability.	Signed route checklist and annual mass, water and energy balances
dq-measurement	Foreground amounts	Prefer calibrated meters and scales; document calibration, estimation method, uncertainty and any shared-meter allocation.	Calibration certificates and raw records
dq-source	External evidence	Use original official or peer-reviewed sources for method and route rules; do not use search snippets or another PCR as evidence.	Source register in Section 11

9. Validation Rules

Reject or return the foreground data package for correction when any of the following applies:

1. The product does not satisfy CPC 3.0 21399, or the vegetable or pulse, route, product state, packing medium, package and reference basis are not declared.
2. The reference output is not exactly 1 kg net product content, packaging mass is included in that kilogram, or packing medium inclusion is inconsistent across records.
3. A card contains more than one electricity, steam, heat, fuel, refrigerant, ingredient, packaging component, waste, sludge or direct-emission species; an applicable card is replaced with “other”, “various”, “as applicable”, or selector text.
4. Merely frozen vegetables are included without the preparation or preservation condition required by CPC 21399, or vinegar, acetic acid or sugar is the principal preservative.
5. A generic heat schedule replaces the product-, container- and retort-specific scheduled process, or the frozen route lacks recorded thermal-centre and cold-chain evidence.
6. Purchased electricity, steam and heat are double counted with on-site fuel and utility output, or recirculated water is counted as new water input.
7. Refrigerant loss is aggregated across chemicals, direct combustion emissions are missing while on-site fuel is used, or treated-effluent pollutants are embedded only in a wastewater volume flow.
8. Packaging components, cleaning agents, wastewater source streams, primary sludge, biological sludge, screenings, food residues and package scrap are aggregated in a way that conceals a physically separate record or destination.
9. Allocation is used before subdivision, lacks a measured causal basis, or omits sensitivity analysis when economic allocation is used.
10. A non-empty amount range lacks at least two independent, compatible original sources and traceable source ids. This PCR authors no ranges; absence of a range never authorizes a default amount.
11. Any UUID-bearing identity was not verified by direct read, or a full-category reference flow was replaced by a narrower Tiangong candidate.
12. Annual mass, water and energy reconciliations are absent, source records do not cover the product reporting period, or cut-offs and proxies are undisclosed.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Site- and route-specific foreground data package for one qualifying preserved vegetable or pulse
downstream_use	Construction of TianGong LCA flow, process and lifecycle-model datasets and comparative or product-footprint studies with matched functions
allowed_use	Factory-gate inventory, hotspot analysis, supplier engagement and downstream modelling when product identity, reference basis, boundary and data quality are compatible
excluded_use	Direct comparison of products with different edible-content, drained-content, solids, storage or packaging functions; representation of an excluded CPC class; use of this candidate as a published reviewed PCR
required_metadata	CPC code; botanical/product identity; preservation route; recipe and packing medium; drained basis; solids where relevant; scheduled process or cold condition; package composition and level; geography; technology; reporting period; allocation; cut-offs; upstream datasets; treatment destinations
required_quality_disclosure	Meter coverage, calibration, mass/water/energy balance closure, estimation and allocation shares, seasonal representativeness, proxy datasets, unresolved UUIDs, missing applicable records and uncertainty
update_trigger	Product reformulation, preservation-route or package change, new scheduled process, refrigeration or fuel change, site or supplier change, material meter change, reporting-period refresh, classification revision, verified flow identity or compatible range evidence

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-v3-21399-2025	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 3.0 Explanatory Notes, CPC 21399, 30 June 2025, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf	Exact product-category scope, examples and exclusions
codex-cxs-297-2009	standard	Codex Alimentarius CXS 297-2009, Standard for Certain Canned Vegetables, amended through 2023, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/ua/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXS%2B297-2009%252FCXS_297e.pdf	Thermal canned route, preparation, packing medium, hermetic package and product release
codex-cxc-23-1979	standard	Codex Alimentarius CXC 23-1979, Code of Hygienic Practice for Low and Acidified Low-Acid Canned Foods, revised 1993, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXC%2B23-1979%252FCXC_023e.pdf	Product-specific scheduled process, filling, closure, cooling, cleaning and production records
codex-cxs-13-1981	standard	Codex Alimentarius CXS 13-1981, Standard for Preserved Tomatoes, amended through 2022, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/pl/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXS%2B13-1981%252FCXS_013e.pdf	Preserved whole and cut tomato identity and packing media
codex-cxs-57-1981	standard	Codex Alimentarius CXS 57-1981, Standard for Processed Tomato Concentrates, amended through 2013, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/es/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXS%2B57-1981%252FCXS_057e.pdf	Tomato screening, concentration, solids declaration and separated residues
codex-cxs-66-1981	standard	Codex Alimentarius CXS 66-1981, Standard for Table Olives, revised 2013 and amended 2024, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXS%2B66-1981%252FCXS_066e.pdf	Table-olive alkali, brining, fermentation, oxidation and sterilization routes
codex-cxs-223-2001	standard	Codex Alimentarius CXS 223-2001, Standard for Kimchi, amended 2017, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXS%2B223-2001%252FCXS_223e.pdf	Chinese-cabbage preparation, salting, seasoning and low-temperature lactic fermentation route
codex-cxs-320-2015	standard	Codex Alimentarius CXS 320-2015, Standard for Quick Frozen Vegetables, amended through 2022, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXS%2B320-2015%252FCXS_320e.pdf	Further-processed frozen route, blanching, quick freezing and cold-chain condition
eu-jrc-fdm-bref-2019	official_guidance	European Commission Joint Research Centre, Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries, JRC118627, 2019, DOI 10.2760/243911, https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC118627	Process decomposition, energy and water use, wastewater, waste, emissions and monitoring
eu-pef-2021-2279	official_guidance	European Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on the use of Environmental Footprint methods, http://data.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/2021-12-30	Boundary, company-specific data, allocation hierarchy, quality and emission accounting
iso-14044-2006	standard	ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines, reviewed and confirmed 2022, https://www.iso.org/standard/38498.html	LCI boundary, allocation and data-quality principles
frankowska-vegetables-2019	literature	Frankowska, A.; Jeswani, H. K.; Azapagic, A., Environmental impacts of vegetables consumption in the UK, Science of the Total Environment 682 (2019) 80–105, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.424, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.424	Independent support for separately collecting vegetable-processing energy and glass, metal and other packaging inputs; no amount range derived