Fish including fillets, smoked

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers fish and fish fillets preserved by smoking and supplied as a saleable food product. It applies to hot-smoked and cold-smoked forms, whether whole, headed, gutted, portioned, or filleted, when smoking is the defining preservation or processing route. A foreground data package shall identify the species, incoming state, preparation form, salting or brining route, smoking route, smoke-generation medium, final storage condition, packaging, and net product mass.

The foreground boundary begins with fish received at the smoking facility and ends with packaged smoked fish at the facility gate, including on-site chilled or frozen holding before dispatch. Upstream capture or aquaculture, landing, primary chilling, and transport to the facility are represented by supplier-specific or appropriate upstream datasets. Distribution after dispatch, retail, preparation, consumption, and packaging end-of-life are outside this foreground boundary unless the study scope explicitly adds them.

Products preserved principally by canning, drying without smoking, cooking without smoking, salting alone, pickling, or fermentation are excluded. Smoke-flavoured products with no declared smoking operation shall not be represented as smoked fish unless the product specification and process records demonstrate that they meet the intended product boundary.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.meat-fish-fruits-vegetables-oils-and-fats.fish-including-fillets-smoked
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 21232, Fish including fillets, smoked
covered_products	Whole, portioned, or filleted fish for which hot smoking or cold smoking is the defining processing and preservation route
excluded_products	Fish preserved principally by canning, non-smoke drying, cooking without smoking, salting alone, pickling, or fermentation; products described only as smoke-flavoured without a declared smoking operation
representative_product	Packaged smoked fish or smoked fish fillet at the smoking-facility gate
production_route	Receipt and preparation of fish; optional salting or brining; smoking with recorded process controls; cooling; packaging; on-site conditioned storage
market_state	Saleable packaged product, with chilled, frozen, or other validated storage state declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Smoked fish, including smoked fish fillets, supplied as a saleable food product
How much	1 kg net mass of product, excluding tertiary transport packaging
How well	Conforming to the declared species, cut, smoking route, salt treatment, packaging, storage condition, food-safety plan, and market specification
How long or cycle	One production lot through packaged product at the facility gate; any on-site holding duration is declared
reference_flow_link	Net packaged smoked-fish output from cool_pack_store

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Fish including fillets, smoked 6d9e8d0f-edaf-4960-b9db-557ef8220d26
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	Species and scientific or accepted market name; whole, portioned, or filleted form; incoming fresh, chilled, or frozen state; hot- or cold-smoking route; direct or regenerated smoke and smoking medium; salting or brining route; final moisture or water-activity specification when controlled; net mass; packaging format and material; chilled, frozen, or other validated storage state and temperature; raw-fish origin and production system; processing geography; production and holding dates

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_net_mass	Reference smoked-fish output	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize all inventory results to 1 kg net smoked-fish product. Exclude tare and packaging mass from the reference amount and report packaging separately.
wet_mass_consistency	Fish, salt, water, ice, residues, wastewater, and packaging	Mass	kg	Preserve measured wet-mass basis. When dry matter, salt concentration, or moisture is used, retain the measurement basis and conversion records rather than silently mixing wet and dry mass.
energy_conversion	Electricity and thermal energy	Energy	kWh or MJ	Preserve metered units and declared lower- or higher-heating-value basis; document every conversion and avoid treating electricity and thermal energy as interchangeable.
lot_normalization	Lot-level foreground records	Mass	kg/kg reference product	Aggregate records over the declared lot or representative period, then divide by conforming net smoked-fish output after excluding packaging mass.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Fish received at the smoking facility, with species, supplier, capture or aquaculture origin, cut, fresh/chilled/frozen state, receipt mass, temperature, and transport condition declared
starting_condition_role	Purchased upstream product input and hand-off point between upstream fish production/logistics datasets and foreground smoking operations
product_classification_scope	Smoked fish and smoked fish fillets; the external CPC reference is classification context rather than canonical PCR identity
recursive_input_rule	A purchased input already meeting the smoked-fish category is recorded once as an upstream product input with its own dataset and shall not be recursively decomposed under this PCR; disclose any further smoking or repacking performed
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use supplier-specific datasets when available; otherwise use geographically, technologically, temporally, species-, and production-system-representative datasets for capture or aquaculture, landing, primary preservation, and inbound transport
disclosure	Declare excluded upstream and downstream stages, source-fish origin and state, process route, smoke-generation route, salting/brining, on-site cold storage, co-products, wastes, wastewater treatment, packaging, data period, and allocation choices

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_gate_to_gate	Foreground package	Include receipt, thawing when used, washing and trimming, salting or brining when used, smoking, cooling, packaging, sanitation-related water and energy attributable to production, on-site conditioned storage, residues, wastewater, direct emissions, and refrigerant losses through the facility gate.	codex-cxc-52-2003; eu-pef-2021-2279
boundary_upstream_handoff	Received fish and other purchased inputs	Represent capture or aquaculture, upstream primary preservation, input production, and inbound transport with disclosed upstream datasets; do not omit these from a cradle-to-gate model merely because they are outside the foreground process.	eu-pef-2021-2279
boundary_route_disclosure	Product and processes	Record the actual hot- or cold-smoking route, smoke-generation medium, salting/brining, thermal controls, cooling, packaging, and storage condition; do not substitute an unrecorded generic route.	codex-cxc-52-2003

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
receive_prepare	Fish receipt and preparation	required	Always included	Foreground receipt, thawing when applicable, washing, heading/gutting/trimming/filleting as performed	kg prepared fish transferred to curing and smoking
cure_smoke	Salting, brining, and smoking	required	Always included; salting/brining sub-operations are recorded as zero when demonstrably absent	Foreground preservation and defining smoking operation	kg smoked fish before final cooling and packaging
cool_pack_store	Cooling, packaging, and on-site storage	required	Always included; chilled, frozen, or other validated storage route is declared	Foreground product finishing and reference-flow delivery	1 kg net packaged smoked fish

Process: Fish receipt and preparation (receive_prepare)

Inputs

Product flows

Received whole fish (received_whole_fish)

Record whole fish crossing the facility boundary, with species, supplier, origin, production system, and fresh, chilled, or frozen state retained as qualifiers.

• Selected flow: Raw whole fish
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured accepted receipt mass for this product form, net of transport packaging and rejected loads
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_raw_fish_receipts

Received fish fillets (received_fish_fillets)

Record fish fillets crossing the facility boundary, with species, supplier, origin, production system, and fresh, chilled, or frozen state retained as qualifiers.

• Selected flow: Raw fish fillets
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured accepted receipt mass for this product form, net of transport packaging and rejected loads
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_raw_fish_receipts

Preparation water (preparation_water)

Record metered or allocated water used for thawing, washing, product cleaning, and preparation operations attributable to the production lot.

• Selected flow: Process water
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered water or documented allocation from a calibrated shared meter
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_records
• Range: Provisional preparation-water QA screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg/kg prepared fish
  • Basis: broad replaceable water-use screen per process output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Ice used on site (preparation_ice)

Record purchased or on-site-produced ice used after receipt; do not double count the water and energy used for on-site ice production.

• Selected flow: Ice for food processing
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchased mass or production and issue records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_ice_records
• Range: Provisional ice-use QA screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg/kg prepared fish
  • Basis: broad replaceable ice-use screen per process output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared fish transferred to smoking (prepared_fish)

Calculate the wet mass transferred after thawing, washing, cutting, and draining from batch weigh records.

• Selected flow: Prepared fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured transfer mass; otherwise closing mass balance from collected receipt, residue, and loss records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per preparation batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_preparation_mass_balance
• Range: Provisional preparation-yield QA screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.25
  • Upper: 1.05
  • Unit: kg/kg accepted received fish
  • Basis: broad replaceable transfer-yield screen
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Removed fish heads (preparation_fish_heads)

Record fish heads removed during preparation as a separate material stream.

• Selected flow: Fish heads from preparation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured container or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Removed fish viscera (preparation_fish_viscera)

Record fish viscera removed during preparation as a separate material stream.

• Selected flow: Fish viscera from preparation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured container or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Removed fish bones (preparation_fish_bones)

Record fish bones removed during preparation as a separate material stream.

• Selected flow: Fish bones from preparation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured container or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Removed fish skin (preparation_fish_skin)

Record fish skin removed during preparation as a separate material stream.

• Selected flow: Fish skin from preparation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured container or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Fish trimmings (preparation_fish_trimmings)

Record fish trimmings removed during cutting or filleting as a separate material stream.

• Selected flow: Fish trimmings from preparation
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured container or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Rejected raw fish (preparation_rejected_fish)

Record raw fish rejected after receipt or preparation separately from removed anatomical materials.

• Selected flow: Rejected raw fish
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured container or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Preparation wastewater (preparation_wastewater)

Record wastewater leaving preparation, its destination, and whether its amount is measured or derived from water balance.

• Selected flow: Fish-preparation wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured discharge or calculated water balance with retained assumptions
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_records

Elementary flows

Process: Salting, brining, and smoking (cure_smoke)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared fish input (prepared_fish_input)

Record the matched transfer mass from receive_prepare without creating a second upstream fish input.

• Selected flow: Prepared fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Matched batch transfer mass from prepared_fish
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per smoking batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_preparation_mass_balance

Food-grade salt (food_grade_salt)

Record food-grade sodium chloride used for dry salting or fresh brine make-up separately from recirculated brine.

• Selected flow: Food-grade salt for brine preparation 3a5fa711-4648-4d58-b94d-67b79e7476c7
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase, issue, formulation, and brine make-up records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_salt_brine_records
• Range: Provisional salt-input QA screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg/kg smoked fish
  • Basis: broad replaceable salt-input screen excluding process water
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Brining and cleaning water (smoking_water)

Record water used for brine make-up, rinsing, and smoking-area product-contact cleaning attributable to the lot or period.

• Selected flow: Process water
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered water or documented allocation from calibrated shared meters
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_records
• Range: Provisional smoking-area water QA screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg/kg smoked fish
  • Basis: broad replaceable water-use screen per process output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Hardwood logs for smoke generation (smoking_hardwood_logs)

Record untreated hardwood logs when they are the direct smoke-generation medium.

• Selected flow: Untreated hardwood logs for food smoking
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and batch issue records, net of returned unused material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_smoking_medium_records

Hardwood chips for smoke generation (smoking_hardwood_chips)

Record untreated hardwood chips when they are the direct smoke-generation medium.

• Selected flow: Untreated hardwood chips for food smoking
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and batch issue records, net of returned unused material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_smoking_medium_records

Hardwood sawdust for smoke generation (smoking_hardwood_sawdust)

Record untreated hardwood sawdust when it is the direct smoke-generation medium.

• Selected flow: Untreated hardwood sawdust for food smoking
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and batch issue records, net of returned unused material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_smoking_medium_records

Liquid smoke preparation (smoking_liquid_smoke)

Record food-grade smoke condensate when regenerated smoke or a liquid-smoke preparation crosses the foreground boundary.

• Selected flow: Food-grade liquid smoke condensate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and batch issue records, net of returned unused material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_smoking_medium_records

Low-voltage grid electricity for curing and smoking (smoking_grid_electricity_low_voltage)

Record public-grid electricity supplied below 1 kV when that voltage and supply scenario apply.

• Selected flow: Grid electricity, low voltage
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Metered electricity or equipment-load-and-runtime calculation reconciled to facility totals
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Medium-voltage grid electricity for curing and smoking (smoking_grid_electricity_medium_voltage)

Record public-grid electricity supplied at 1–35 kV when that voltage and supply scenario apply.

• Selected flow: Grid electricity, medium voltage
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Metered electricity or equipment-load-and-runtime calculation reconciled to facility totals
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Purchased process steam (smoking_steam)

Record purchased steam separately and retain supply pressure, temperature, and condensate-return conditions.

• Selected flow: Purchased process steam
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered carrier or fuel quantity converted with recorded heating value and efficiency assumptions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Purchased hot water (smoking_hot_water)

Record purchased hot water separately and retain supply and return temperatures.

• Selected flow: Purchased industrial hot water
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered carrier or fuel quantity converted with recorded heating value and efficiency assumptions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Natural gas for on-site heat (smoking_natural_gas)

Record natural gas supplied to on-site heat generation separately from every other fuel.

• Selected flow: Natural gas, burned in industrial furnace 4bfd1abb-9106-495a-a291-ce410f205691
• Flow property / unit: Gross calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered carrier or fuel quantity converted with recorded heating value and efficiency assumptions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Liquefied petroleum gas for on-site heat (smoking_lpg)

Record liquefied petroleum gas supplied to on-site heat generation separately from every other fuel.

• Selected flow: Liquefied petroleum gas d54ae71a-1245-4e3f-b694-dbf2b22bbf7d
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered carrier or fuel quantity converted with recorded heating value and efficiency assumptions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Diesel oil for on-site heat (smoking_diesel)

Record diesel oil supplied to on-site heat generation separately from every other fuel.

• Selected flow: Diesel oil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered carrier or fuel quantity converted with recorded heating value and efficiency assumptions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Heavy fuel oil for on-site heat (smoking_fuel_oil)

Record heavy fuel oil supplied to on-site heat generation separately from every other fuel.

• Selected flow: Heavy fuel oil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered carrier or fuel quantity converted with recorded heating value and efficiency assumptions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Wood pellets for on-site heat (smoking_wood_pellets)

Record untreated wood pellets supplied as biomass fuel separately from smoking media and every other fuel.

• Selected flow: Untreated wood pellets
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered carrier or fuel quantity converted with recorded heating value and efficiency assumptions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Compressed air for curing and smoking (smoking_compressed_air)

Record compressed air supplied to pneumatic process equipment separately from electricity and fuels.

• Selected flow: Compressed air 46e2b1e4-5a4e-4579-b6a2-65b03f9ce825
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered compressed-air volume or compressor-load-and-runtime calculation reconciled to facility totals
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Smoked fish before final packaging (smoked_fish_intermediate)

Record cooled or cooling-ready smoked-fish transfer mass and link it to the smoking control record.

• Selected flow: Smoked fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured transfer mass after smoking and before final packaging
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per smoking batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_smoking_batch_records
• Range: Provisional smoking-yield QA screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.2
  • Upper: 1.2
  • Unit: kg/kg prepared fish input
  • Basis: broad replaceable yield screen including possible brine uptake and moisture loss
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Spent brine (spent_brine)

Record discarded curing brine separately from other wastewater and solid residues.

• Selected flow: Spent high-salinity brine
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured collection or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Spent smoking wood (spent_smoking_wood)

Record charred or otherwise spent hardwood logs from smoke generation as a separate waste material.

• Selected flow: Spent hardwood smoking logs
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured collection or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Spent smoking wood chips (spent_smoking_wood_chips)

Record spent hardwood chips from smoke generation as a separate waste material.

• Selected flow: Spent hardwood smoking chips
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured collection or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Spent smoking sawdust (spent_smoking_sawdust)

Record spent hardwood sawdust from smoke generation as a separate waste material.

• Selected flow: Spent hardwood smoking sawdust
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured collection or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Rejected smoked fish (rejected_smoked_fish)

Record smoked fish rejected before finishing separately from smoking media and brine residues.

• Selected flow: Off-specification smoked fish
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured collection or dispatch mass for this material, kept separate from other residues and destinations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Brining and smoking-area wastewater (smoking_wastewater)

Record non-brine wastewater from curing and smoking-area cleaning separately, retaining salt load, treatment, and destination records.

• Selected flow: Saline fish-processing wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured discharge or calculated water balance with retained assumptions
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_records
• Range: Provisional smoking-wastewater QA screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg/kg smoked fish
  • Basis: broad replaceable discharge screen per process output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide to air (smoking_fossil_co2)

Record fossil carbon dioxide from on-site fossil-fuel combustion as a separate elementary flow.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide (fossil), to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Biogenic carbon dioxide to air (smoking_biogenic_co2)

Record biogenic carbon dioxide from smoking wood or biomass fuel as a separate elementary flow.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide (biogenic), to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9c15-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Fossil carbon monoxide to air (smoking_fossil_co)

Record fossil-origin carbon monoxide from on-site fossil-fuel combustion separately.

• Selected flow: Carbon monoxide (fossil), to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-924e-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Biogenic carbon monoxide to air (smoking_biogenic_co)

Record biogenic-origin carbon monoxide from smoking wood or biomass fuel separately.

• Selected flow: Carbon monoxide (biogenic), to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Nitrogen oxides to air (smoking_nox)

Record nitrogen oxides using the monitored or factor-defined reporting basis and retain that basis.

• Selected flow: Nitrogen oxides to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Sulfur dioxide to air (smoking_so2)

Record sulfur dioxide from on-site fuel or smoke generation as a separate elementary flow.

• Selected flow: Sulfur dioxide, to air, unspecified fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac48-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Fine particulate matter to air (smoking_pm25)

Record fine particulate matter in the stated size fraction and retain the monitored stack or release context.

• Selected flow: Particles (PM0.2 - PM2.5) to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Fossil methane to air (smoking_fossil_ch4)

Record methane from fossil-fuel combustion separately from methane attributable to biomass.

• Selected flow: Methane (fossil), to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Biogenic methane to air (smoking_biogenic_ch4)

Record methane from smoking wood or biomass fuel separately from fossil-origin methane.

• Selected flow: Methane (biogenic), to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Nitrous oxide to air (smoking_n2o)

Record nitrous oxide from on-site fuel or smoke generation as a separate elementary flow.

• Selected flow: Nitrous oxide, to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c3-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Non-methane volatile organic compounds to air (smoking_nmvoc)

Record non-methane volatile organic compounds on the monitored or factor-defined reporting basis.

• Selected flow: Non-methane volatile organic compounds to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Monitoring result or calculation from collected activity data and reviewed emission factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg smoked fish before packaging
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records

Process: Cooling, packaging, and on-site storage (cool_pack_store)

Inputs

Product flows

Smoked fish transferred for finishing (smoked_fish_input)

Match this input to smoked_fish_intermediate by batch and mass.

• Selected flow: Smoked fish intermediate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Matched batch transfer mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per finishing batch
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_smoking_batch_records

Low-voltage grid electricity for finishing (finishing_grid_electricity_low_voltage)

Record public-grid electricity supplied below 1 kV for cooling, freezing, packaging, and storage when that voltage and supply scenario apply.

• Selected flow: Grid electricity, low voltage
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Sub-metered use or documented allocation from equipment load, runtime, throughput, and facility totals
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Medium-voltage grid electricity for finishing (finishing_grid_electricity_medium_voltage)

Record public-grid electricity supplied at 1–35 kV for cooling, freezing, packaging, and storage when that voltage and supply scenario apply.

• Selected flow: Grid electricity, medium voltage
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Sub-metered use or documented allocation from equipment load, runtime, throughput, and facility totals
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Vacuum pouch (packaging_vacuum_pouch)

Record the mass of multilayer vacuum pouches when this primary packaging component is used.

• Selected flow: Multilayer plastic vacuum pouch
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and issue records reconciled to packed units, minus returned unused material for this component
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records

Polyethylene packaging film (packaging_polyethylene_film)

Record polyethylene heat-seal film separately from pouches, trays, cartons, and labels.

• Selected flow: Polyethylene heat-seal film
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and issue records reconciled to packed units, minus returned unused material for this component
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records

Polypropylene packaging tray (packaging_polypropylene_tray)

Record polypropylene trays separately when used for modified-atmosphere or other primary packaging.

• Selected flow: Polypropylene food packaging tray
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and issue records reconciled to packed units, minus returned unused material for this component
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records

Corrugated cardboard packaging (packaging_corrugated_cardboard)

Record corrugated cardboard used for secondary cases or cartons separately.

• Selected flow: Corrugated cardboard 8bde297e-98df-463f-bcb4-0db52bf6e0b5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and issue records reconciled to packed units, minus returned unused material for this component
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records

Paper packaging label (packaging_paper_label)

Record paper labels separately from every structural packaging component.

• Selected flow: Paper label 64321117-433d-43a5-97f9-2ea624c15656
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and issue records reconciled to packed units, minus returned unused material for this component
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records

R717 refrigerant make-up (refrigerant_r717_makeup)

Record R717 additions attributable to the reporting period separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigeration-grade anhydrous ammonia (R717)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Service invoices, cylinder mass reconciliation, or maintenance-system addition records for this refrigerant
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

R404A refrigerant make-up (refrigerant_r404a_makeup)

Record R404A additions attributable to the reporting period separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R404A 76513c71-a148-484e-865f-2ab54afb4331
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Service invoices, cylinder mass reconciliation, or maintenance-system addition records for this refrigerant
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

R134a refrigerant make-up (refrigerant_r134a_makeup)

Record R134a additions attributable to the reporting period separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R134a 047bf9fb-8b5a-4070-8927-8df04e7241b3
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Service invoices, cylinder mass reconciliation, or maintenance-system addition records for this refrigerant
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

R744 refrigerant make-up (refrigerant_r744_makeup)

Record R744 additions attributable to the reporting period separately from every other refrigerant.

• Selected flow: Refrigeration-grade carbon dioxide (R744)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Service invoices, cylinder mass reconciliation, or maintenance-system addition records for this refrigerant
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Net packaged smoked fish reference output (packaged_smoked_fish)

Record saleable net product mass excluding packaging; this is the reference-flow output.

• Selected flow: Fish including fillets, smoked 6d9e8d0f-edaf-4960-b9db-557ef8220d26
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg net mass after normalization from measured conforming lot output
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Not applicable (not_applicable)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_output_records

Waste flows

Vacuum pouch scrap (vacuum_pouch_scrap)

Record rejected or trimmed multilayer vacuum pouches separately from other packaging waste.

• Selected flow: Multilayer plastic vacuum pouch scrap
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured waste-container, stock-reconciliation, or dispatch records for this material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Polyethylene film scrap (polyethylene_film_scrap)

Record polyethylene packaging film scrap separately from other packaging waste.

• Selected flow: Polyethylene packaging film scrap
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured waste-container, stock-reconciliation, or dispatch records for this material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Polypropylene tray scrap (polypropylene_tray_scrap)

Record rejected polypropylene trays separately from other packaging waste.

• Selected flow: Rejected polypropylene packaging trays
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured waste-container, stock-reconciliation, or dispatch records for this material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Corrugated cardboard packaging scrap (corrugated_cardboard_scrap)

Record corrugated cardboard trim and rejected cartons separately from other packaging waste.

• Selected flow: Packaging waste, cardboard 72270223-04b1-4986-a546-94e5a0821317
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured waste-container, stock-reconciliation, or dispatch records for this material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Paper label scrap (paper_label_scrap)

Record rejected paper labels separately from other packaging waste.

• Selected flow: Paper packaging label scrap
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured waste-container, stock-reconciliation, or dispatch records for this material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Off-specification finished smoked fish (offspec_finished_smoked_fish)

Record finished smoked fish rejected during packaging or release separately from packaging scraps.

• Selected flow: Off-specification finished smoked fish
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured waste-container, stock-reconciliation, or dispatch records for this material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_records

Elementary flows

R717 refrigerant emission to air (refrigerant_r717_emission)

Report R717 loss as ammonia mass to air, adjusted for documented recovery, stock change, and transfers.

• Selected flow: Ammonia, to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a2a9-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculated from the collected balance for this refrigerant; never substitute carbon-dioxide-equivalent mass for substance mass
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

R404A refrigerant emission to air (refrigerant_r404a_emission)

Report R404A loss as refrigerant-mixture mass; do not replace it with component flows without a reviewed composition and splitting rule.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant R404A to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculated from the collected balance for this refrigerant; never substitute carbon-dioxide-equivalent mass for substance mass
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

R134a refrigerant emission to air (refrigerant_r134a_emission)

Report R134a loss as HFC-134a mass to air, adjusted for documented recovery, stock change, and transfers.

• Selected flow: HFC-134a, to air, unspecified fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a6d2-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculated from the collected balance for this refrigerant; never substitute carbon-dioxide-equivalent mass for substance mass
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

R744 refrigerant emission to air (refrigerant_r744_emission)

Report R744 loss as refrigerant carbon-dioxide mass to air without assigning fossil or biogenic origin unless the supply record supports it.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide from R744 to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculated from the collected balance for this refrigerant; never substitute carbon-dioxide-equivalent mass for substance mass
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net packaged smoked fish
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_records

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid_first	All multifunctional operations	First avoid allocation through process subdivision or expansion with separately measured process and destination records where technically justified.	eu-pef-2021-2279
allocation_residue_status	Fish trimmings, recovered edible material, spent smoking medium, and other outputs	Classify each output as product, co-product, recyclable material, or waste using its documented destination and market function; do not assign co-product credit to material sent for treatment as waste.	eu-pef-2021-2279
allocation_physical_then_economic	Unavoidable shared burdens	Where subdivision is not feasible, use a documented physical relationship that reflects the causal use of resources. If no defensible physical relationship exists, use economic allocation with prices, reference period, currency, and sensitivity disclosed.	eu-pef-2021-2279
allocation_mass_balance	Lot outputs	Reconcile received fish, added ingredients, moisture change, reference product, co-products, residues, and wastewater before allocation; explain material imbalance outside measured uncertainty.	eu-pef-2021-2279

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_raw_fish_receipts	receive_prepare	received fish	supplier and receiving records	supplier; species; origin; capture_or_aquaculture; cut; state; gross_mass; tare; accepted_mass; receipt_temperature; date; lot	Calibrated scale plus receiving and traceability records	kg; °C	every lot	full study period	all supplying routes to included site	sum accepted net mass by product and lot	scale calibration; supplier traceability; rejection log
cp_water_records	receive_prepare; cure_smoke	process water	meter and production records	opening_meter; closing_meter; shared_use_allocation; lot; process; date	Sub-meter or documented allocation from calibrated site meter	kg or m3	daily or batch	full study period with seasonal coverage	all included water users	convert volume using recorded conditions when material; allocate shared use by documented causal driver	meter calibration; reconciliation to invoice or main meter
cp_ice_records	receive_prepare	ice	purchase or production records	purchased_mass; produced_mass; issued_mass; returned_mass; lot; date	Weighing, invoices, and issue records	kg	every lot or daily	full study period	included preparation operations	net issued ice; separately account on-site production water and energy	scale record; invoice; production log
cp_preparation_mass_balance	receive_prepare	preparation transfers	batch mass balance	accepted_fish; prepared_transfer; residues; wastewater; stock_change; lot	Calibrated batch scales and reconciled production records	kg	every batch	full study period	included preparation lines	calculate lot balance and aggregate mass-weighted values	calibration; batch reconciliation; explanation of imbalance
cp_salt_brine_records	cure_smoke	salt and brine	formulation and issue records	ingredient; concentration; fresh_makeup; recirculated_mass; discard_mass; lot; date	Formulation sheets, calibrated weighing, and tank records	kg; mass fraction	every batch	full study period	all included curing systems	count fresh input once; track recirculation internally	formulation approval; scale calibration; tank reconciliation
cp_smoking_medium_records	cure_smoke	smoking medium	purchase and issue records	medium_type; supplier; mass; moisture_basis; returned_mass; batch	Calibrated weighing and inventory reconciliation	kg	every batch or delivery	full study period	all smoke generators serving included production	net consumed mass by medium and batch	invoice; scale calibration; stock reconciliation
cp_energy_records	cure_smoke; cool_pack_store	electricity and thermal energy	meters, fuel records, and runtime logs	meter_start; meter_end; fuel_quantity; heating_value_basis; equipment; runtime; throughput; holding_duration; date	Sub-metering preferred; otherwise documented engineering allocation reconciled to facility totals	kWh; MJ; fuel unit	batch, daily, or monthly meter interval	at least one representative year or justified full campaign	all included equipment and storage zones	aggregate by energy carrier and allocate shared use using causal driver	meter calibration; invoice reconciliation; equipment log
cp_smoking_batch_records	cure_smoke	smoking controls and output	validated food-safety and batch records	species; cut; salting_or_brining; smoke_route; medium; chamber_time; chamber_temperature; product_temperature; moisture_or_aw_if_controlled; input_mass; output_mass; deviations; disposition	Approved batch record and calibrated control instruments	kg; time; °C; declared moisture or aw unit	every batch	full study period	every included smoking chamber and product route	retain batch values; aggregate mass-weighted only after deviation review	instrument calibration; food-safety plan; release authorization
cp_residue_records	receive_prepare; cure_smoke; cool_pack_store	residues and waste	weighing and destination records	material; mass; destination; product_or_waste_status; transporter; date; lot	Calibrated scale, container records, and dispatch documentation	kg	every batch or dispatch	full study period	all included process wastes and recovered outputs	sum by material, status, and destination; do not net unlike outputs	calibration; waste transfer note; sales record where applicable
cp_wastewater_records	receive_prepare; cure_smoke	wastewater	meter, balance, and treatment records	inflow; discharge; stock_change; evaporation; stream; salt_load_if_measured; treatment; destination; period	Discharge meter preferred; otherwise documented water balance	kg or m3; concentration where measured	daily, batch, or billing period	full study period	all included drains and segregated streams	convert and aggregate by stream and treatment route	meter calibration; sampling record; treatment invoice; balance closure
cp_air_emission_records	cure_smoke	direct air emissions	monitoring or factor calculation records	pollutant; measured_concentration; gas_flow; fuel; smoking_medium; factor; factor_source; runtime; control_device	Stack monitoring or calculation from recorded activity and reviewed factors	pollutant-specific mass	monitoring campaign or every calculation period	representative operating modes in study period	all included on-site combustion and smoke generation	pollutant-specific mass; retain method and uncertainty	laboratory report; instrument calibration; factor reference
cp_packaging_records	cool_pack_store	packaging	bill of materials and issue records	component; material; unit_mass; units_packed; scrap; returned_material; supplier	Component weighing and stock reconciliation	kg	each packaging specification and reporting period	full study period	all included packaging formats	component mass times packed units plus measured attributable scrap	specification; calibrated scale; purchase reconciliation
cp_refrigerant_records	cool_pack_store	refrigerant	service and stock-balance records	substance; opening_stock; purchases; additions; recovery; closing_stock; equipment; throughput; period	Maintenance system, invoices, and cylinder mass balance	kg by substance	every service event and annual closure	full study period	all refrigeration serving included operations	additions minus documented recovery and stock transfers, allocated by causal equipment use	service invoice; technician record; cylinder reconciliation
cp_product_output_records	cool_pack_store	reference product	packing and dispatch records	product_code; species; form; smoke_route; pack_count; gross_mass; tare; net_mass; rejects; lot; date	Calibrated checkweigher or batch scales linked to release records	kg	every lot	full study period	all included final products	sum conforming net mass excluding packaging	calibration; release record; inventory reconciliation

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	All inventory rows	normalized amount = attributable period or lot amount / conforming net packaged smoked-fish mass	attributable amount; conforming net output	amount per 1 kg reference product	eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_preparation_yield	receive_prepare	prepared-fish yield = prepared transfer mass / accepted received-fish mass	accepted received fish; prepared transfer	kg/kg	eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_smoking_yield	cure_smoke	smoking yield = smoked-fish transfer mass / prepared-fish input mass; report ingredient uptake and moisture loss when measured	prepared fish; ingredients; smoked-fish transfer; measured moisture data	kg/kg and disclosed mass-change drivers	codex-cxc-52-2003
calc_water_balance	Wastewater rows	wastewater = measured discharge, or water and ice inputs plus relevant product water released minus retained water, evaporation, and other documented outputs	water; ice; brine; stock change; retained water; evaporation	kg wastewater by stream	eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_refrigerant_loss	refrigerant_r717_emission; refrigerant_r404a_emission; refrigerant_r134a_emission; refrigerant_r744_emission	substance loss = additions + opening stock + purchases - recovery - closing stock - documented transfers, constrained to the equipment boundary	substance-specific refrigerant records	kg substance emitted	eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_mass_balance	Each process and whole foreground system	inputs + opening stock = products + co-products + wastes + measured emissions + closing stock + documented moisture change and uncertainty	all mass records	closure percentage and unexplained imbalance	eu-pef-2021-2279

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity_traceability	Raw fish and final product	Retain lot-level linkage for species, origin, capture or aquaculture system, incoming state, process route, packaging, and final storage specification.	Supplier traceability, receiving, batch, release, and dispatch records; codex-cxc-52-2003
dq_measurement	Mass, water, energy, temperature, time, and control parameters	Use calibrated instruments appropriate to the decision and retain calibration status, units, missing-data treatment, and conversion basis.	Calibration certificates, meter reconciliation, approved procedures; codex-cxc-52-2003
dq_temporal	Foreground study period	Cover a representative production year or the complete seasonal campaign and disclose shutdowns, atypical lots, storage duration, and substitutions.	Production calendar, meter periods, purchasing and dispatch reconciliation; eu-pef-2021-2279
dq_technology_geography	Process and upstream datasets	Match smoking technology, smoke medium, hot/cold route, cooling/storage system, geography, species, and capture/aquaculture origin; document proxy use.	Site specification, supplier records, dataset metadata; eu-pef-2021-2279
dq_completeness	Foreground inventory	Reconcile fish, ingredients, water, energy, packaging, products, co-products, wastes, wastewater, direct emissions, and refrigerant losses; explain exclusions and material imbalances.	Mass, water, energy, refrigerant, and waste balances; eu-pef-2021-2279
dq_food_safety_controls	Smoking, cooling, packaging, and storage	Retain the approved product-specific control plan, monitored critical parameters, deviations, corrective action, and release decision; this PCR does not invent universal time-temperature, microbiological, contaminant, moisture, or shelf-life limits.	Food-safety plan and batch records; codex-cxc-52-2003

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_flow	Reference output	Confirm exactly 1 kg net packaged smoked fish using the declared product UUID, Mass property, mass unit group, and kg; packaging mass shall not be included.	unsd-cpc-3-0
validate_qualifiers	Dataset metadata	Reject an incomplete package when required species, form, incoming state, smoking route and medium, salting/brining, storage state, packaging, origin, geography, or production/holding dates are absent.	unsd-cpc-3-0; codex-cxc-52-2003
validate_process_route	Foreground inventory	Confirm that each required process has a matched detailed inventory, route-specific records, and no double counting of intermediate fish, smoking medium versus fuel, ice production, or shared utilities.	codex-cxc-52-2003
validate_mass_balance	Process and system totals	Calculate process and overall mass-balance closure and require explanation of moisture change, stock change, measurement uncertainty, or missing flows for material imbalance.	eu-pef-2021-2279
validate_allocation	Multifunctional processes	Confirm allocation avoidance was attempted first and that every remaining physical or economic allocation key, co-product status, data period, and sensitivity is disclosed.	eu-pef-2021-2279
validate_food_safety_evidence	Smoking and finishing records	Confirm that the actual product specification supplies applicable smoking, cooling, storage, microbiological, chemical-contaminant, moisture or water-activity, and shelf-life criteria plus monitored release evidence; report inconclusive if these criteria are absent.	codex-cxc-52-2003
validate_provisional_ranges	Important inventory flows	Treat every reasoned_estimate interval only as a QA flag. A value outside the interval requires explanation, while a value inside it does not constitute evidence; replace provisional ranges before publication-critical use.
validate_data_quality	Completed data package	Report temporal, geographical, technological, precision, completeness, consistency, and source representativeness, including proxy datasets and skipped checks.	eu-pef-2021-2279

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground production dataset for smoked fish at the smoking-facility gate
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset when geography, species, production route, technology, storage state, and data-quality needs are compatible
allowed_use	Cradle-to-gate or broader models that add compatible upstream fish and input datasets and avoid overlap with this foreground boundary; comparisons only when functional, quality, storage, and route specifications are equivalent
excluded_use	Direct representation of unsmoked, canned, salted-only, dried-only, pickled, fermented, or merely smoke-flavoured fish; substitution across materially different species, hot/cold routes, production systems, storage states, or geographies without review
required_metadata	PCR id and status; product-flow UUID; species and form; origin and capture/aquaculture system; incoming state; smoking and smoke-generation route; salt/brine route; storage and packaging specification; facility geography and technology; study period; net output; upstream datasets; co-products and allocation; data sources and provisional estimates
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data share; meter and scale coverage; temporal, geographical, and technological representativeness; data gaps and proxy datasets; mass/water/energy balance closure; food-safety control evidence; uncertainty; all reasoned_estimate uses and unresolved UUIDs
update_trigger	Change in species mix, sourcing or production system, smoking route or medium, formulation, equipment, energy carrier, cooling/freezing/storage route, packaging, co-product destination, allocation, wastewater or emissions control, refrigerant, regulation, product safety specification, or evidence causing a material inventory change

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-0	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification (CPC) Version 3.0, code 21232, Fish including fillets, smoked. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/cpc	Product category boundary and classification context
codex-cxc-52-2003	standard	Codex Alimentarius, CXC 52-2003, Code of Practice for Fish and Fishery Products, official Codex text (listed as revised through 2019). https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/codes-of-practice/en/	Fish-processing route decomposition, hygiene and process-control records, smoking/cooling/packaging quality requirements
eu-pef-2021-2279	official_guidance	European Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on the use of the Environmental Footprint methods, CELEX 32021H2279. http://data.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/oj	Boundary completeness, allocation hierarchy, foreground data quality, normalization, and validation disclosure