Mixes and doughs for the preparation of bakers’ wares

Mixes and doughs for the preparation of bakers’ wares: This PCR covers factory production of unbaked dry mixes and prepared wet doughs or batters intended for…

Lifecycle status: Candidate
Content maturity: Authored methodology
Current version: No published version
Readiness: Review required
Last updated: 2026-09-02

Methodology and translation states come from the source record; publishing this website does not change their review status.

Content languages

zh-CN · Aligned

Status, classification and source details

Readiness

Warnings methodology_not_reviewed Authored methodology is candidate guidance and still requires methodology review.

Classification mapping

CPC 3.0:23180 · exact

Source

library/pcrs/food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products/grain-mill-products-starches-and-starch-products-other-food-products/mixes-and-doughs-for-the-preparation-of-bakers-waressha256:8835ef07ca24…

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers factory production of unbaked dry mixes and prepared wet doughs or batters intended for subsequent preparation of bakers' wares. It covers product-specific ingredient receiving and dosing, dry blending or wet dough preparation, any declared fermentation and make-up, route-specific chilling or freezing, packaging, storage to the factory gate, sanitation, and directly attributable utilities.

Every foreground data package shall select exactly one route_code: dry_mix_ambient, wet_dough_ambient, wet_dough_chilled, or wet_dough_frozen. Route-specific formulation, moisture, leavening, temperature conditioning, packaging, storage duration, and losses shall be recorded for that route. Results for dry mix, ambient dough, chilled dough, and frozen dough shall not be averaged into one dataset. A multi-route facility shall publish separate route datasets and use route sub-metering or a disclosed causal allocation only for genuinely shared services.

Included products are retail, food-service, or industrial dry bakery premixes; unbaked dough or batter sold or transferred in bulk, divided, or shaped form; and chilled or frozen unbaked dough. Excluded are flour or starch sold as such, finished or part-baked bakers' wares, baked bread, cakes, biscuits, pizza, and pastries, prepared meals, onsite baking at the customer, and distribution beyond the declared factory gate. A frozen part-baked product is a baked ware and is outside this PCR.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.grain-mill-products-starches-and-starch-products-other-food-products.mixes-and-doughs-for-the-preparation-of-bakers-wares
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 23180, exact
covered_products	Unbaked dry bakery mixes; unbaked wet doughs or batters in ambient, chilled, or frozen market state; bulk, divided, or shaped product forms
excluded_products	Flour and starch sold as such; finished or part-baked bakers' wares; baked bread, cakes, biscuits, pizza, and pastries; prepared meals; customer baking; post-gate distribution
representative_product	One declared formulation and one mutually exclusive route of unbaked bakery mix or dough at the manufacturing factory gate
production_route	Exactly one of `dry_mix_ambient`, `wet_dough_ambient`, `wet_dough_chilled`, `wet_dough_frozen`
market_state	Dry ambient mix, ambient wet dough or batter, chilled wet dough or batter, or frozen wet dough or batter, declared without cross-state averaging

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Net mass of one declared formulation of unbaked bakery mix, dough, or batter at the factory gate
How much	1 kg net product, excluding packaging
How well	Conforming to the declared `route_code`, formulation, leavening mode, moisture, make-up state, storage temperature, shelf-life, and quality specification
How long or cycle	One production campaign normalized to 1 kg of released product after route-specific storage to the declared factory gate
reference_flow_link	0252f353-8398-4eab-9e26-6a13e4b4f06b

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Mixes and doughs for the preparation of bakers' wares `0252f353-8398-4eab-9e26-6a13e4b4f06b`
Reference flow property	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`
Reference unit group	Units of mass `93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66`
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	route_code; formulation_id; leavening_mode; make_up_state; net_mass_basis; moisture_or_water_mass_fraction; storage_temperature_setpoint; storage_duration; packaging_configuration; shelf_life; production_site_and_geography

The Tiangong record has a verified UUID, English base name, CPC 23180 classification leaf, Product flow type, and Mass quantitative reference. Its common:generalComment incorrectly states CPC 232. Treat that comment as a metadata defect: it is not evidence for scope, process selection, amounts, or any other methodological rule.

When constructing a foreground data package, every item in Required qualifiers shall be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, the reference flow comment, the product description, or an equivalent field. Missing qualifiers make the reference flow incomplete.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
`reference_net_mass`	Reference product	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`	kg	Report net product mass after route-specific conditioning and storage and before packaging mass; packaging is a separate inventory input.
`formulation_mass`	Ingredients and intermediate product	Mass	kg	Record every actual ingredient as an individual named flow and retain batch recipe, issue, return, and rework records; do not report an aggregate ingredients or materials flow.
`water_and_moisture`	Formulation water and product moisture	Mass	kg	Record added water separately from ingredient moisture and report the measured or specification-based final moisture or water mass fraction.
`electricity_energy`	Electricity	Energy	kWh	Record metered electricity by included process; convert other electrical energy units to kWh with the disclosed exact conversion.
`thermal_energy`	Natural gas, LPG, diesel, purchased steam, and purchased hot water	Net calorific energy	MJ	Keep each carrier as a separate flow; state net calorific value, source, and conversion for fuel quantities and do not merge carriers as thermal energy.
`cold_storage_time`	Chilling, freezing, and cold storage	Energy and time	kWh; tonne-day	Record conditioning electricity separately from storage electricity where meters allow; report storage duration and normalize shared cold-store electricity using product mass × residence time only when direct sub-metering is unavailable.
`refrigerant_mass`	Refrigerant charge, addition, recovery, and loss	Mass	kg	Identify the actual refrigerant chemical and calculate each refrigerant loss separately; do not report a generic refrigerants flow or combine different chemicals.
`packaging_mass`	Primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging	Mass	kg	Measure each packaging material separately and report net packaging placed on the reference product plus separately measured scrap.
`wastewater_and_pollutants`	Wastewater and direct water emissions	Volume and mass	m3; kg	Record wastewater volume as a waste flow; if discharge is direct, report each measured pollutant load as a separate elementary flow and avoid double counting loads already modelled in an external wastewater-treatment dataset.
`air_emissions`	Direct air emissions	Mass	kg	Report each measured or calculated substance separately, including combustion emissions, refrigerant releases, ingredient dust, biogenic carbon dioxide, and ethanol where applicable.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Individually identified ingredients, packaging, purchased energy, water, and cleaning chemicals received at the manufacturing site boundary with quantity, supplier geography, and upstream dataset reference declared
starting_condition_role	Foreground gate-to-gate production starts at receipt; upstream production and inbound transport remain linked product systems rather than omitted burdens
product_classification_scope	Unbaked bakery mixes and doughs within the reviewed CPC 3.0 23180 semantic boundary; classification is context, not canonical identity
recursive_input_rule	A purchased mix or dough already within this PCR category is an individual technosphere input with its own upstream dataset and declared route; do not recursively reopen or silently absorb its production inventory
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link representative upstream datasets for every ingredient, packaging material, energy carrier, water supply, cleaning chemical, refrigerant, transport service, and waste treatment used by the selected route
disclosure	Declare route_code, formulation_id, leavening_mode, make_up_state, site, geography, campaign period, product temperature, storage duration, packaging, cut-offs, allocation, rework, and all deviations from this boundary

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`sb_route_lock`	All foreground datasets	Select exactly one route_code and one formulation_id. Do not average dry mix, ambient wet dough, chilled wet dough, or frozen wet dough, and do not combine different leavening or preservation routes.	`un-cpc-v3-explanatory-notes-2025`
`sb_included_operations`	Selected route	Include every listed process whose gate is satisfied, from ingredient receipt through factory-gate storage, together with directly attributable sanitation, refrigerant loss, wastewater, waste, and onsite utility burdens.	`us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992`; `eu-emas-food-beverage-2017`; `eu-fdm-bref-2019`
`sb_upstream_links`	Purchased inputs	Keep upstream production and inbound transport outside the foreground process but link representative datasets; disclose any missing upstream coverage.	`ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011`
`sb_excluded_downstream`	Downstream preparation	Exclude proofing, thawing, baking, retail storage, consumption, and end-of-life after the declared factory gate unless the dataset explicitly expands its boundary; never import finished-bakery-product oven burdens into this product route.	`un-cpc-v3-explanatory-notes-2025`; `us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992`
`sb_cold_route`	wet_dough_chilled and wet_dough_frozen	Include actual conditioning and cold-storage electricity, temperature records, refrigerant additions and releases, cold losses, and storage duration. Apply the Codex quick-frozen temperature rules only when the product is declared quick frozen.	`codex-cxc-8-1976`; `eu-emas-food-beverage-2017`
`sb_shared_services`	Shared utility, cleaning, warehouse, and refrigeration systems	Prefer process subdivision and sub-metering. If shared services remain, allocate by a documented causal driver and retain the unallocated facility total and reconciliation.	`ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011`
`sb_direct_emissions`	Site emissions	Include separate elementary flows for each direct emission actually occurring; do not hide combustion, refrigerant, dust, fermentation, or direct-water releases inside generic emissions cards.	`eu-emas-food-beverage-2017`; `eu-fdm-bref-2019`

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
`ingredient_receiving_and_dosing`	Ingredient receiving, storage, and dosing	required	All routes; instantiate only the individually named formulation flows actually used	Foreground material preparation	Per 1,000 kg released reference product
`dry_sieving_and_blending`	Dry sieving and blending	conditional	Include only when route_code = dry_mix_ambient	Foreground dry-mix production	Per 1,000 kg released dry mix
`dough_mixing_and_kneading`	Wet mixing and kneading	conditional	Include only when route_code is wet_dough_ambient, wet_dough_chilled, or wet_dough_frozen	Foreground wet-dough production	Per 1,000 kg released wet dough or batter
`fermentation_resting_and_makeup`	Fermentation, resting, dividing, and shaping	conditional	Include each operation only when performed; fermentation requires leavening_mode = yeast or mixed	Foreground product development and make-up	Per 1,000 kg product leaving the operation
`temperature_conditioning_and_cold_storage`	Chilling or freezing and cold storage	conditional	Include only when route_code = wet_dough_chilled or wet_dough_frozen; lock conditioning method and storage state	Foreground preservation	Per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product and declared storage duration
`packaging`	Primary and secondary packaging	required	All routes; instantiate only actual named packaging materials	Foreground packing	Per 1,000 kg net product packed
`ambient_finished_storage`	Ambient finished-product storage	conditional	Include only when route_code = dry_mix_ambient or wet_dough_ambient	Foreground storage	Per 1,000 kg released product and declared storage duration
`cleaning_and_sanitation`	Cleaning and sanitation	required	Include actual dry and wet cleaning attributable to included production	Foreground hygiene support	Per 1,000 kg released reference product
`onsite_thermal_utility`	Onsite steam or hot-water generation	conditional	Include only when an onsite fuelled utility supplies an included process; otherwise record purchased steam or hot water directly	Foreground utility supply	Per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied to included processes

Process: Ingredient receiving, storage, and dosing (`ingredient_receiving_and_dosing`)

Inputs

Product flows

Wheat flour (`wheat_flour`)

Record wheat flour only when present in the locked formulation.

Selected flow: Wheat flour
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return, normalized to released product
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Rice flour (`rice_flour`)

Record rice flour separately when used, including gluten-free formulations.

Selected flow: Rice flour
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return, normalized to released product
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources:

Maize flour (`maize_flour`)

Record maize flour separately when used.

Selected flow: Maize flour
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return, normalized to released product
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources:

Potato starch (`potato_starch`)

Record potato starch separately when used as a formulation ingredient; the input does not change the output category identity.

Selected flow: Potato starch
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return, normalized to released product
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources:

Potable formulation water (`formulation_water`)

Record added formulation water separately from cleaning water and ingredient moisture.

Selected flow: Potable water
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Metered or weighed water charged to the locked formulation
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Baker's yeast (`bakers_yeast`)

Record baker's yeast only for yeast or mixed leavening modes.

Selected flow: Baker's yeast
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue, reported as received product mass
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Sodium chloride (`sodium_chloride`)

Record food-grade sodium chloride separately when used.

Selected flow: Sodium chloride
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Sucrose (`sucrose`)

Record sucrose separately from other sweeteners when used.

Selected flow: Sucrose
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Palm shortening (`palm_shortening`)

Record palm shortening separately when used; another fat or oil requires its own named atomic flow card in the foreground package.

Selected flow: Palm shortening
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Skim milk powder (`skim_milk_powder`)

Record skim milk powder separately when used.

Selected flow: Skim milk powder
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Whole egg powder (`whole_egg_powder`)

Record whole egg powder separately when used; liquid egg requires its own named row in the foreground package.

Selected flow: Whole egg powder
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources:

Sodium hydrogen carbonate (`sodium_hydrogen_carbonate`)

Record sodium hydrogen carbonate separately for chemical or mixed leavening.

Selected flow: Sodium hydrogen carbonate
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources:

Monocalcium phosphate (`monocalcium_phosphate`)

Record monocalcium phosphate separately when it is the declared leavening acid.

Selected flow: Monocalcium phosphate
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources:

Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (`mono_diglycerides`)

Record the declared mono- and diglyceride emulsifier preparation separately when used.

Selected flow: Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Alpha-amylase enzyme preparation (`alpha_amylase_preparation`)

Record the formulated alpha-amylase preparation separately when used, using purchased preparation mass rather than active enzyme mass unless both are reported.

Selected flow: Alpha-amylase enzyme preparation
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue of the purchased preparation
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Calcium propionate (`calcium_propionate`)

Record calcium propionate separately when used as a preservative.

Selected flow: Calcium propionate
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Net batch issue minus documented return
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Receiving and dosing electricity (`receiving_dosing_electricity`)

Record electricity for unloading, conveying, storage, sieving before dosing, and weighing that is attributable to the selected formulation.

Selected flow: Electricity, supplied to the manufacturing site
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Sub-metered electricity or calculated equipment power × operating time
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_receiving_dosing_energy
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional receiving and dosing electricity QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0.5
- Upper: 30
- Unit: kWh
- Basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Outputs

Product flows

Dosed formulation batch (`dosed_formulation_batch`)

Record the mass transferred to dry blending or wet mixing; ingredient identities remain available in the underlying inventory.

Selected flow: Dosed formulation batch
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Sum of net individual ingredient charges after receiving and dosing losses
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ingredient_mass
Sources:

Waste flows

Waste wheat flour (`wheat_flour_waste`)

Record separately weighed wheat-flour spills and rejected wheat flour sent to the declared treatment route. Each other discarded ingredient shall use its own specifically named atomic waste-flow card.

Selected flow: Waste wheat flour
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured discarded ingredient mass net of documented return or rework
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_receiving_dosing_losses
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional ingredient-loss QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 50
- Unit: kg
- Basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Empty incoming paper sacks (`incoming_paper_sack_waste`)

Record paper ingredient sacks discarded after emptying; reusable or returned packaging is reported separately.

Selected flow: Waste kraft paper sacks
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed discarded paper sack mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_receiving_dosing_losses
Sources:

Empty incoming plastic liners (`incoming_plastic_liner_waste`)

Record plastic ingredient liners discarded after emptying.

Selected flow: Waste polyethylene liners
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed discarded liner mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_receiving_dosing_losses
Sources:

Elementary flows

Flour particulate matter to air (`flour_particulate_to_air_receiving`)

Record captured-and-released or directly emitted flour particulate mass from receiving and dosing, based on monitoring or a documented site emission calculation.

Selected flow: Particulate matter, flour dust, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured emission or calculated handled mass × site-specific release factor after control
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_receiving_dosing_losses
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Process: Dry sieving and blending (`dry_sieving_and_blending`)

Inputs

Product flows

Dosed dry formulation batch (`dry_dosed_batch_input`)

Record the dosed formulation entering the dry route without adding wet-route material.

Selected flow: Dosed dry formulation batch
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured transferred batch mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg dry blend output
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_dry_blend_records
Sources:

Dry blending electricity (`dry_blending_electricity`)

Record electricity for sieving, conveying, blending, and dust collection on the dry route.

Selected flow: Electricity, supplied to the manufacturing site
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Sub-metered electricity or equipment power × operating time
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg dry blend output
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_dry_blend_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional dry blending electricity QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 2
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kWh
- Basis: per 1,000 kg dry blend output
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Outputs

Product flows

Blended dry bakery premix (`blended_dry_premix`)

Record dry premix released to packaging.

Selected flow: Blended dry bakery premix
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured good output mass after dry blending
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg dry blend output
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_dry_blend_records
Sources:

Waste flows

Dry blending reject (`dry_blending_reject`)

Record screened oversize, off-specification blend, and unreworked line residue as one declared waste treatment flow only when their treatment route is the same; otherwise split them.

Selected flow: Rejected dry bakery premix
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured dry reject mass net of documented same-product rework
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg dry blend output
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_dry_blend_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional dry reject QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 50
- Unit: kg
- Basis: per 1,000 kg dry blend output
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Flour particulate matter to air (`flour_particulate_to_air_blending`)

Record dry blending particulate released after the actual control system.

Selected flow: Particulate matter, flour dust, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured emission or calculated handled mass × site-specific release factor after control
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg dry blend output
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_dry_blend_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Process: Wet mixing and kneading (`dough_mixing_and_kneading`)

Inputs

Product flows

Dosed wet formulation batch (`wet_dosed_batch_input`)

Record the dosed formulation entering the selected wet route.

Selected flow: Dosed wet formulation batch
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured transferred batch mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg mixed dough or batter output
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_dough_mixing_records
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Dough mixing electricity (`dough_mixing_electricity`)

Record electricity for mixers, kneaders, pumps, and local conveying.

Selected flow: Electricity, supplied to the manufacturing site
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Sub-metered electricity or equipment power × loaded operating time
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg mixed dough or batter output
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_dough_mixing_records
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992; eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional wet mixing electricity QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 5
- Upper: 180
- Unit: kWh
- Basis: per 1,000 kg mixed dough or batter output
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Outputs

Product flows

Mixed dough or batter (`mixed_dough_or_batter`)

Record the measured mixed output and identify dough or batter state in product metadata.

Selected flow: Mixed bakery dough or batter
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured good output mass from the mixer
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg mixed dough or batter output
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_dough_mixing_records
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Waste flows

Wet mixing reject (`wet_mixing_reject`)

Record dough or batter rejected during mixing and transfer, net of same-product rework.

Selected flow: Rejected wet bakery dough or batter
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured rejected mass net of documented same-product rework
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg mixed dough or batter output
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_dough_mixing_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional wet mixing reject QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 80
- Unit: kg
- Basis: per 1,000 kg mixed dough or batter output
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Fermentation, resting, dividing, and shaping (`fermentation_resting_and_makeup`)

Inputs

Product flows

Mixed dough input (`mixed_dough_input`)

Record mixed dough entering only the fermentation, resting, dividing, or shaping steps actually performed.

Selected flow: Mixed bakery dough
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured transferred dough mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg product leaving this process
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_fermentation_makeup_records
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Fermentation and make-up electricity (`fermentation_makeup_electricity`)

Record electricity for agitation, conveyors, dividers, rounders, moulders, and controlled rooms that are actually used.

Selected flow: Electricity, supplied to the manufacturing site
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Sub-metered electricity or equipment power × operating time
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg product leaving this process
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_fermentation_makeup_records
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992; eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional fermentation and make-up electricity QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 250
- Unit: kWh
- Basis: per 1,000 kg product leaving this process
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Purchased steam for humidity control (`fermentation_purchased_steam`)

Record purchased steam separately when used for controlled humidity; onsite steam is supplied by onsite_thermal_utility and is not also recorded as purchased steam.

Selected flow: Steam, purchased
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Metered steam quantity converted with measured or supplier enthalpy difference
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg product leaving this process
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_fermentation_makeup_records
Sources:

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared dough after make-up (`prepared_dough_after_makeup`)

Record bulk, divided, or shaped product as declared by make_up_state.

Selected flow: Prepared unbaked bakery dough
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured good output mass after the last included operation
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg product leaving this process
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_fermentation_makeup_records
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Waste flows

Fermentation or make-up reject (`fermentation_makeup_reject`)

Record dough rejected during fermentation, resting, dividing, or shaping, net of rework.

Selected flow: Rejected prepared bakery dough
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured rejected mass net of documented same-product rework
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg product leaving this process
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_fermentation_makeup_records
Sources:

Elementary flows

Biogenic carbon dioxide from dough fermentation (`fermentation_biogenic_co2`)

Record biogenic carbon dioxide released before the factory gate only when yeast fermentation occurs and the release is measured or calculated from a documented mass balance.

Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, biogenic, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured release or documented substrate-to-carbon-dioxide calculation for the included fermentation time
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg product leaving this process
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_fermentation_makeup_records
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Ethanol from dough fermentation to air (`fermentation_ethanol_to_air`)

Record ethanol released before baking only when yeast fermentation occurs and a site measurement or defensible pre-oven balance is available; do not apply bakery oven emission factors to unbaked dough production.

Selected flow: Ethanol, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Site measurement or documented pre-oven fermentation balance only
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg product leaving this process
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_fermentation_makeup_records
Sources: us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992

Process: Chilling or freezing and cold storage (`temperature_conditioning_and_cold_storage`)

Inputs

Product flows

Unconditioned wet dough or batter (`unconditioned_wet_product`)

Record the wet product entering the locked chilled or frozen route.

Selected flow: Unconditioned wet bakery dough or batter
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured mass entering conditioning
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources:

Conditioning and cold-storage electricity (`cold_route_electricity`)

Record chilling or freezing electricity and cold-storage electricity for the selected state; retain separate meter channels where available and never average chilled and frozen routes.

Selected flow: Electricity, supplied to the manufacturing site
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Conditioning sub-meter kWh + allocated cold-store kWh for actual tonne-day residence
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product and declared storage duration
Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: codex-cxc-8-1976; eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional cold-route electricity sensitivity prior
- Range role: Uncertainty range (uncertainty_range)
- Lower: 10
- Upper: 1200
- Unit: kWh
- Basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product including declared factory storage
- Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Ammonia refrigerant addition (`ammonia_refrigerant_input`)

Record net ammonia addition attributable to the selected cold route when ammonia is the installed refrigerant.

Selected flow: Ammonia, refrigerant grade
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Opening charge + purchases - closing charge - recovered mass, allocated only after system reconciliation
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; codex-cxc-8-1976

R404A refrigerant addition (`r404a_refrigerant_input`)

Record net R404A addition separately when R404A is the installed refrigerant.

Selected flow: Refrigerant R404A
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Opening charge + purchases - closing charge - recovered mass, allocated only after system reconciliation
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; codex-cxc-8-1976

R134a refrigerant addition (`r134a_refrigerant_input`)

Record net R134a addition separately when R134a is the installed refrigerant.

Selected flow: Refrigerant R134a
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Opening charge + purchases - closing charge - recovered mass, allocated only after system reconciliation
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; codex-cxc-8-1976

Carbon dioxide refrigerant addition (`r744_refrigerant_input`)

Record net R744 carbon dioxide addition separately when R744 is the installed refrigerant.

Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, refrigerant grade, R744
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Opening charge + purchases - closing charge - recovered mass, allocated only after system reconciliation
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; codex-cxc-8-1976

Outputs

Product flows

Chilled or frozen reference product at factory gate (`cold_reference_product_output`)

Record only the selected market state and actual release temperature after the declared packaging sequence and factory cold storage; quick-frozen claims require thermal-centre and cold-chain records.

Selected flow: Mixes and doughs for the preparation of bakers' wares 0252f353-8398-4eab-9e26-6a13e4b4f06b
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: 1,000 kg net released reference product for normalization
Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
Collection protocol:
Sources: codex-cxc-8-1976

Waste flows

Cold-route product loss (`cold_route_product_loss`)

Record temperature-abused, freezer-damaged, or otherwise rejected product net of rework.

Selected flow: Rejected chilled or frozen bakery dough or batter
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured rejected mass net of documented same-product rework
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: codex-cxc-8-1976; eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Elementary flows

Ammonia refrigerant to air (`ammonia_refrigerant_to_air`)

Record reconciled ammonia loss to air separately.

Selected flow: Ammonia, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Reconciled ammonia loss not transferred to recovery or waste treatment
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; codex-cxc-8-1976

R404A refrigerant to air (`r404a_refrigerant_to_air`)

Record reconciled R404A loss to air separately.

Selected flow: Refrigerant R404A, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Reconciled R404A loss not transferred to recovery or waste treatment
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; codex-cxc-8-1976

R134a refrigerant to air (`r134a_refrigerant_to_air`)

Record reconciled R134a loss to air separately.

Selected flow: Refrigerant R134a, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Reconciled R134a loss not transferred to recovery or waste treatment
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; codex-cxc-8-1976

R744 carbon dioxide refrigerant to air (`r744_refrigerant_to_air`)

Record reconciled R744 loss to air separately from combustion and biogenic carbon dioxide.

Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air, from refrigerant R744
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Reconciled R744 loss not transferred to recovery or waste treatment
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released chilled or frozen product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cold_route_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; codex-cxc-8-1976

Process: Primary and secondary packaging (`packaging`)

Inputs

Product flows

Unpacked route product (`unpacked_route_product`)

Record the good product mass entering packaging from exactly one route.

Selected flow: Unpacked bakery mix, dough, or batter
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured mass entering packaging
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources:

Packaging electricity (`packaging_electricity`)

Record electricity for filling, sealing, labelling, case packing, and pallet wrapping.

Selected flow: Electricity, supplied to the manufacturing site
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Sub-metered electricity or equipment power × operating time
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional packaging electricity QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1
- Upper: 120
- Unit: kWh
- Basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Low-density polyethylene film (`ldpe_packaging_film`)

Record LDPE film separately when used for liners, pouches, or wrapping.

Selected flow: Low-density polyethylene film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Issued LDPE film - returned film - measured LDPE scrap
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Polypropylene film (`pp_packaging_film`)

Record polypropylene film separately when used.

Selected flow: Polypropylene film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Issued polypropylene film - returned film - measured polypropylene scrap
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Kraft paper bag (`kraft_paper_bag`)

Record kraft paper bag mass separately when used.

Selected flow: Kraft paper bag
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Issued bag count × verified mass per bag - returned bag mass
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Corrugated board case (`corrugated_board_case`)

Record corrugated board cases separately when used.

Selected flow: Corrugated board case
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Issued case count × verified mass per case - returned case mass
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Polyethylene stretch film (`pe_stretch_film`)

Record pallet stretch film separately when used.

Selected flow: Polyethylene stretch film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Issued stretch-film roll mass - remaining roll mass - measured scrap
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional PE stretch-film mass QA prior
- Range role: Uncertainty range (uncertainty_range)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 50
- Unit: kg
- Basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed; replace with measured issued-and-returned roll mass
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Outputs

Product flows

Packed route product (`packed_route_product`)

Record packed product gross mass and retain net product and each packaging component separately.

Selected flow: Packed bakery mix, dough, or batter
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured net product + measured packaging mass
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources:

Waste flows

LDPE packaging scrap (`ldpe_packaging_scrap`)

Record LDPE scrap separately from other polymers and paper.

Selected flow: Waste low-density polyethylene film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured LDPE trim and rejected-film mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Polypropylene packaging scrap (`pp_packaging_scrap`)

Record polypropylene scrap separately.

Selected flow: Waste polypropylene film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured polypropylene trim and rejected-film mass
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Kraft-paper packaging scrap (`kraft_paper_packaging_scrap`)

Record kraft-paper bag and label scrap separately from corrugated board and polymer scrap.

Selected flow: Waste kraft paper
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured rejected kraft-paper bag and label mass sent to the declared treatment route
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Corrugated-board packaging scrap (`corrugated_board_packaging_scrap`)

Record corrugated-board case scrap separately from kraft paper and polymer scrap.

Selected flow: Waste corrugated board
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured rejected corrugated-board case mass sent to the declared treatment route
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net product packed
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Elementary flows

Process: Ambient finished-product storage (`ambient_finished_storage`)

Inputs

Product flows

Packed ambient-route product (`packed_ambient_product`)

Record packed dry mix or ambient wet product entering ambient storage.

Selected flow: Packed ambient bakery mix, dough, or batter
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured mass received into ambient finished storage
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_ambient_storage_records
Sources:

Ambient storage electricity (`ambient_storage_electricity`)

Record attributable lighting, ventilation, and handling electricity; exclude cold-store electricity.

Selected flow: Electricity, supplied to the manufacturing site
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Sub-metered kWh or warehouse kWh allocated by product mass × residence time
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product and declared storage duration
Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_ambient_storage_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
Range: Provisional ambient storage electricity QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0.1
- Upper: 80
- Unit: kWh
- Basis: per 1,000 kg released product for declared factory storage
- Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Outputs

Product flows

Reference product at factory gate (`reference_product_output`)

Record net released product mass; packaging remains separate.

Selected flow: Mixes and doughs for the preparation of bakers' wares 0252f353-8398-4eab-9e26-6a13e4b4f06b
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: 1,000 kg net released reference product for normalization
Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
Collection protocol:
Sources:

Waste flows

Ambient storage product loss (`ambient_storage_product_loss`)

Record expired, damaged, or contaminated ambient product net of rework.

Selected flow: Rejected ambient bakery mix, dough, or batter
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured discarded mass net of documented same-product rework
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_ambient_storage_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017

Elementary flows

Process: Cleaning and sanitation (`cleaning_and_sanitation`)

Inputs

Product flows

Cleaning electricity (`cleaning_electricity`)

Record electricity for pumps, floor machines, clean-in-place systems, and ventilation during cleaning.

Selected flow: Electricity, supplied to the manufacturing site
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Sub-metered cleaning electricity or equipment power × cleaning time
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cleaning_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; eu-fdm-bref-2019
Range: Provisional cleaning electricity QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 250
- Unit: kWh
- Basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Cleaning water (`cleaning_water`)

Record potable or process water used for wet cleaning separately from formulation water.

Selected flow: Process water
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered cleaning water or calibrated flow × duration
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cleaning_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; eu-fdm-bref-2019
Range: Provisional cleaning-water QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0.02
- Upper: 12
- Unit: m3
- Basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Purchased hot water (`purchased_hot_water`)

Record purchased hot water separately when no onsite utility supplies it.

Selected flow: Hot water, purchased
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Metered mass × measured or supplier enthalpy difference
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cleaning_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Purchased steam for cleaning (`cleaning_purchased_steam`)

Record purchased steam separately when used and not supplied by the onsite thermal utility.

Selected flow: Steam, purchased
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Metered steam mass × measured or supplier enthalpy difference
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cleaning_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Sodium hydroxide cleaning solution (`sodium_hydroxide_cleaner`)

Record purchased sodium hydroxide product mass separately, with concentration disclosed.

Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide cleaning solution
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Purchased formulated-product mass issued to included cleaning
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cleaning_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Nitric acid cleaning solution (`nitric_acid_cleaner`)

Record purchased nitric acid product mass separately, with concentration disclosed.

Selected flow: Nitric acid cleaning solution
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Purchased formulated-product mass issued to included cleaning
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cleaning_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Peracetic acid sanitizer (`peracetic_acid_sanitizer`)

Record purchased peracetic-acid sanitizer mass separately, with concentration disclosed.

Selected flow: Peracetic acid sanitizer
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Purchased formulated-product mass issued to included sanitation
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_cleaning_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Wastewater to treatment (`cleaning_wastewater`)

Record wastewater volume sent to the declared onsite or external treatment route.

Selected flow: Wastewater from bakery mix and dough cleaning
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered discharge volume attributable to included cleaning
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; eu-fdm-bref-2019
Range: Provisional wastewater-volume QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0.02
- Upper: 12
- Unit: m3
- Basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Recovered food solids from cleaning (`cleaning_food_solids_waste`)

Record dry-cleaned and screened food solids sent to the declared treatment route.

Selected flow: Recovered bakery mix and dough solids from cleaning
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Measured recovered solids net of documented rework
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent_records
Sources: eu-emas-food-beverage-2017; eu-fdm-bref-2019

Elementary flows

Chemical oxygen demand to water (`cod_to_water`)

Record direct COD load only for onsite final discharge; omit when an external treatment dataset already carries the pollutant releases.

Selected flow: Chemical oxygen demand, to water
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Flow-weighted COD concentration × direct-discharge volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Biochemical oxygen demand to water (`bod5_to_water`)

Record direct BOD5 load separately when monitored and directly discharged.

Selected flow: Biochemical oxygen demand, 5-day, to water
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Flow-weighted BOD5 concentration × direct-discharge volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Total suspended solids to water (`tss_to_water`)

Record direct suspended-solids load separately when monitored and directly discharged.

Selected flow: Total suspended solids, to water
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Flow-weighted suspended-solids concentration × direct-discharge volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Total nitrogen to water (`total_nitrogen_to_water`)

Record direct total-nitrogen load separately when monitored and directly discharged.

Selected flow: Nitrogen, total, to water
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Flow-weighted total-nitrogen concentration × direct-discharge volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Total phosphorus to water (`total_phosphorus_to_water`)

Record direct total-phosphorus load separately when monitored and directly discharged.

Selected flow: Phosphorus, total, to water
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Flow-weighted total-phosphorus concentration × direct-discharge volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg released reference product
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent_records
Sources: eu-fdm-bref-2019

Process: Onsite steam or hot-water generation (`onsite_thermal_utility`)

Inputs

Product flows

Natural gas (`natural_gas_fuel`)

Record natural gas separately when burned onsite for included steam or hot water.

Selected flow: Natural gas
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Metered gas quantity × site or supplier net calorific value
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied to included processes
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_utility_records
Sources:
Range: Provisional natural-gas efficiency QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1.05
- Upper: 3
- Unit: MJ
- Basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water output
- Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Liquefied petroleum gas (`lpg_fuel`)

Record LPG separately when burned onsite; do not combine with natural gas or diesel.

Selected flow: Liquefied petroleum gas
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Metered LPG mass or volume × site or supplier net calorific value
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied to included processes
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_utility_records
Sources:
Range: Provisional LPG efficiency QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1.05
- Upper: 3
- Unit: MJ
- Basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water output
- Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Diesel fuel (`diesel_fuel`)

Record diesel separately when burned in an included boiler or heater.

Selected flow: Diesel fuel
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Metered diesel volume × density × site or supplier net calorific value
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied to included processes
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_utility_records
Sources:
Range: Provisional diesel efficiency QA prior
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1.05
- Upper: 3.5
- Unit: MJ
- Basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water output
- Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Thermal-utility electricity (`thermal_utility_electricity`)

Record boiler fans, pumps, controls, and water-treatment electricity separately.

Selected flow: Electricity, supplied to the manufacturing site
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Sub-metered utility electricity or equipment power × operating time
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied to included processes
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_utility_records
Sources:

Boiler feedwater (`boiler_feedwater`)

Record treated feedwater entering the onsite utility separately from cleaning water.

Selected flow: Boiler feedwater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered makeup feedwater
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied to included processes
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_utility_records
Sources:

Outputs

Product flows

Onsite steam supplied (`onsite_steam_output`)

Record useful steam delivered to included processes.

Selected flow: Steam, onsite
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Delivered steam mass × measured enthalpy difference
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_utility_records
Sources:

Onsite hot water supplied (`onsite_hot_water_output`)

Record useful hot water delivered to included processes.

Selected flow: Hot water, onsite
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Delivered water mass × heat capacity × measured temperature rise
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful hot water supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_utility_records
Sources:

Waste flows

Boiler blowdown wastewater (`boiler_blowdown_wastewater`)

Record boiler blowdown sent to the declared treatment route.

Selected flow: Boiler blowdown wastewater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered or calculated blowdown volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_utility_records
Sources:

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide from fuel combustion (`combustion_fossil_co2`)

Record fossil carbon dioxide separately for the actual fuel inventory.

Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Fuel net calorific energy × disclosed fuel-specific emission factor
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_combustion_emissions
Sources:

Methane from fuel combustion (`combustion_methane`)

Record combustion methane separately.

Selected flow: Methane, fossil, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Fuel net calorific energy × disclosed fuel- and technology-specific emission factor
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_combustion_emissions
Sources:

Nitrous oxide from fuel combustion (`combustion_nitrous_oxide`)

Record combustion nitrous oxide separately.

Selected flow: Nitrous oxide, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Fuel net calorific energy × disclosed fuel- and technology-specific emission factor
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_combustion_emissions
Sources:

Nitrogen oxides from fuel combustion (`combustion_nox`)

Record nitrogen oxides separately as the inventory convention requires.

Selected flow: Nitrogen oxides, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Stack measurement or fuel net calorific energy × disclosed technology-specific emission factor
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_combustion_emissions
Sources:

Carbon monoxide from fuel combustion (`combustion_carbon_monoxide`)

Record carbon monoxide separately.

Selected flow: Carbon monoxide, fossil, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Stack measurement or fuel net calorific energy × disclosed technology-specific emission factor
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_combustion_emissions
Sources:

Fine particulate matter from fuel combustion (`combustion_pm25`)

Record PM2.5 separately when applicable to the selected fuel and equipment.

Selected flow: Particulate matter, less than 2.5 micrometres, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Stack measurement or fuel net calorific energy × disclosed technology-specific emission factor
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per MJ useful steam or hot water supplied
Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_combustion_emissions
Sources:

Raw downloads

These files are byte-identical to the canonical files for this revision in the repository.

pcr.en-US.md109 KB · 8835ef07ca24…
manifest.yaml2.6 KB · 290ebd789ba8…
pcr.zh-CN.md101 KB · d29b3d3b14e0…
structured.yaml130 KB · 4de49defff39…

Structured rule index

This index comes from verified structured.yaml and retains the canonical English rule text.

System boundary rules · 7

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`sb_route_lock`	All foreground datasets	Select exactly one route_code and one formulation_id. Do not average dry mix, ambient wet dough, chilled wet dough, or frozen wet dough, and do not combine different leavening or preservation routes.	un-cpc-v3-explanatory-notes-2025
`sb_included_operations`	Selected route	Include every listed process whose gate is satisfied, from ingredient receipt through factory-gate storage, together with directly attributable sanitation, refrigerant loss, wastewater, waste, and onsite utility burdens.	us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992, eu-emas-food-beverage-2017, eu-fdm-bref-2019
`sb_upstream_links`	Purchased inputs	Keep upstream production and inbound transport outside the foreground process but link representative datasets; disclose any missing upstream coverage.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011
`sb_excluded_downstream`	Downstream preparation	Exclude proofing, thawing, baking, retail storage, consumption, and end-of-life after the declared factory gate unless the dataset explicitly expands its boundary; never import finished-bakery-product oven burdens into this product route.	un-cpc-v3-explanatory-notes-2025, us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992
`sb_cold_route`	wet_dough_chilled and wet_dough_frozen	Include actual conditioning and cold-storage electricity, temperature records, refrigerant additions and releases, cold losses, and storage duration. Apply the Codex quick-frozen temperature rules only when the product is declared quick frozen.	codex-cxc-8-1976, eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
`sb_shared_services`	Shared utility, cleaning, warehouse, and refrigeration systems	Prefer process subdivision and sub-metering. If shared services remain, allocate by a documented causal driver and retain the unallocated facility total and reconciliation.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011
`sb_direct_emissions`	Site emissions	Include separate elementary flows for each direct emission actually occurring; do not hide combustion, refrigerant, dust, fermentation, or direct-water releases inside generic emissions cards.	eu-emas-food-beverage-2017, eu-fdm-bref-2019

Allocation rules · 7

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`al_avoid_allocation`	All multi-output or shared processes	Avoid allocation first through route-specific datasets, process subdivision, separate batch records, and sub-metering.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011
`al_no_route_average`	Facilities producing multiple product states	Never allocate by first averaging dry, ambient, chilled, and frozen routes. Establish separate route inventories before treating genuinely shared services.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011, codex-cxc-8-1976
`al_rework`	Same-product rework	Return same-formulation rework to the originating route as an internal loop and disclose gross generation and returned mass; do not count returned mass as waste or a co-product.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011
`al_shared_service_physical`	Shared electricity, cleaning, storage, refrigeration, and utilities	If subdivision is unavailable, use a causal physical driver: metered operating time for equipment, cleaned surface or cleaning cycle for sanitation, tonne-day and temperature lift for storage, or delivered useful heat for thermal utilities.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011, eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
`al_economic_fallback`	Residual shared burdens	Use economic allocation only when no defensible physical relationship exists; disclose prices, period, geography, volatility, and a physical-versus-economic sensitivity result.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011
`al_waste_and_saleable_output`	Residues and off-specification product	Treat an output with no economic value and a required treatment route as waste. If sold or used as a functionally valuable output, classify it as a co-product and apply the allocation hierarchy.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011
`al_recycling`	Packaging and other recyclable wastes	Report the selected recycling convention and keep collection, sorting, treatment, recycled-content credit, and any avoided-burden claim explicit; do not mix conventions within one dataset.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011

Validation rules · 16

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`val_reference_identity`	Reference flow	Require UUID 0252f353-8398-4eab-9e26-6a13e4b4f06b, exact product name, CPC 23180 classification leaf, Product flow type, and Mass property; flag the CPC 232 generalComment defect without using it as evidence.
`val_route_exclusive`	Dataset route	Fail if route_code is missing, outside the four allowed values, or if records from more than one route_code are averaged.	un-cpc-v3-explanatory-notes-2025
`val_process_gates`	Process map	Require every process whose condition is true and reject dry blending on wet routes, wet mixing on dry routes, cold conditioning on ambient routes, or fermentation where the operation is not performed.	us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992, codex-cxc-8-1976
`val_atomic_inputs`	Product inputs	Fail any aggregate materials, ingredients, chemicals, cleaning agents, packaging, energy carriers, fuels, thermal energy, or refrigerants row; require one named flow per actual substance or product.	eu-emas-food-beverage-2017, eu-fdm-bref-2019
`val_atomic_outputs`	Waste and elementary outputs	Fail any aggregate wastes or emissions row; require separate treatment flows and separate substances for air and water releases.	eu-fdm-bref-2019
`val_uuid_scope`	UUID-bearing inventory	Permit the verified UUIDs only on the reference product and its Mass reference property; all other flow UUIDs remain blank until individually mapped by the foreground author.
`val_mass_balance`	Each process and whole system	Require a reported mass-balance gap and investigation of unexplained differences; never close the balance with an unnamed other material, waste, or emission.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011
`val_cold_records`	Chilled and frozen routes	Require conditioning method, product temperature, storage setpoint, duration, electricity, named refrigerant reconciliation, and product loss.	codex-cxc-8-1976, eu-emas-food-beverage-2017
`val_quick_frozen_claim`	Quick-frozen product	When freezing_claim = quick_frozen, require evidence that the thermal centre reached -18 °C or colder after stabilization and that subsequent storage was maintained at -18 °C or colder, subject to declared permitted tolerances.	codex-cxc-8-1976
`val_energy_carriers`	Thermal utility	Fail combined fuel or thermal-energy inputs; natural gas, LPG, diesel, purchased steam, and purchased hot water shall remain separate and reconcile to useful heat.	eu-emas-food-beverage-2017, eu-fdm-bref-2019
`val_refrigerants`	Cold systems	Fail generic refrigerant entries or combined refrigerant losses; require actual chemical identity and a non-negative reconciled mass balance.	eu-emas-food-beverage-2017, codex-cxc-8-1976
`val_effluent_double_count`	Wastewater and water emissions	If wastewater is sent to external treatment, do not also report treatment-plant releases as direct site emissions; if discharge is onsite final, require measured individual loads and discharge destination.	eu-fdm-bref-2019
`val_allocation`	Shared processes	Require documented subdivision attempt, causal driver, unallocated total, allocated total, and reconciliation; require sensitivity when economic allocation is used.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011
`val_reasoned_estimates`	Amount ranges	Prohibit a reasoned_estimate from silently becoming the foreground amount. Require collection protocol values and disclose any sensitivity use of provisional bounds.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011
`val_source_applicability`	Method evidence	Reject bakery-oven emission factors for this unbaked product boundary and reject the erroneous Tiangong generalComment as a source.	us-epa-bakery-oven-act-1992
`val_bilingual_machine_semantics`	Bilingual PCR	Require identical ordered process_id, row_id, rule_id, protocol_id, controlled tokens, formulas, numerical values, UUIDs, source_ids, and source URLs across en-US and zh-CN.

Processes and inputs/outputs · 9

Process ID	Process name	Input flows	Output flows
`ingredient_receiving_and_dosing`	Ingredient receiving, storage, and dosing	17	5
`dry_sieving_and_blending`	Dry sieving and blending	2	3
`dough_mixing_and_kneading`	Wet mixing and kneading	2	2
`fermentation_resting_and_makeup`	Fermentation, resting, dividing, and shaping	3	4
`temperature_conditioning_and_cold_storage`	Chilling or freezing and cold storage	6	6
`packaging`	Primary and secondary packaging	7	5
`ambient_finished_storage`	Ambient finished-product storage	2	2
`cleaning_and_sanitation`	Cleaning and sanitation	7	7
`onsite_thermal_utility`	Onsite steam or hot-water generation	5	9

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Mixes and doughs for the preparation of bakers’ wares

Content languages

Readiness

Classification mapping

Source

1. Scope and Applicability

2. Product Category Identity

3. Reference Flow

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

Process: Ingredient receiving, storage, and dosing (ingredient_receiving_and_dosing)

Inputs

Product flows

Wheat flour (wheat_flour)

Rice flour (rice_flour)

Maize flour (maize_flour)

Potato starch (potato_starch)

Potable formulation water (formulation_water)

Baker's yeast (bakers_yeast)

Sodium chloride (sodium_chloride)

Sucrose (sucrose)

Palm shortening (palm_shortening)

Skim milk powder (skim_milk_powder)

Whole egg powder (whole_egg_powder)

Sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium_hydrogen_carbonate)

Monocalcium phosphate (monocalcium_phosphate)

Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (mono_diglycerides)

Alpha-amylase enzyme preparation (alpha_amylase_preparation)

Calcium propionate (calcium_propionate)

Receiving and dosing electricity (receiving_dosing_electricity)

Outputs

Product flows

Dosed formulation batch (dosed_formulation_batch)

Waste flows

Waste wheat flour (wheat_flour_waste)

Empty incoming paper sacks (incoming_paper_sack_waste)

Empty incoming plastic liners (incoming_plastic_liner_waste)

Elementary flows

Flour particulate matter to air (flour_particulate_to_air_receiving)

Process: Dry sieving and blending (dry_sieving_and_blending)

Inputs

Product flows

Dosed dry formulation batch (dry_dosed_batch_input)

Dry blending electricity (dry_blending_electricity)

Outputs

Product flows

Blended dry bakery premix (blended_dry_premix)

Waste flows

Dry blending reject (dry_blending_reject)

Elementary flows

Flour particulate matter to air (flour_particulate_to_air_blending)

Process: Wet mixing and kneading (dough_mixing_and_kneading)

Inputs

Product flows

Dosed wet formulation batch (wet_dosed_batch_input)

Dough mixing electricity (dough_mixing_electricity)

Outputs

Product flows

Mixed dough or batter (mixed_dough_or_batter)

Waste flows

Wet mixing reject (wet_mixing_reject)

Elementary flows

Process: Fermentation, resting, dividing, and shaping (fermentation_resting_and_makeup)

Inputs

Product flows

Mixed dough input (mixed_dough_input)

Fermentation and make-up electricity (fermentation_makeup_electricity)

Purchased steam for humidity control (fermentation_purchased_steam)

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared dough after make-up (prepared_dough_after_makeup)

Waste flows

Fermentation or make-up reject (fermentation_makeup_reject)

Elementary flows

Biogenic carbon dioxide from dough fermentation (fermentation_biogenic_co2)

Ethanol from dough fermentation to air (fermentation_ethanol_to_air)

Process: Chilling or freezing and cold storage (temperature_conditioning_and_cold_storage)

Process: Ingredient receiving, storage, and dosing (`ingredient_receiving_and_dosing`)

Wheat flour (`wheat_flour`)

Rice flour (`rice_flour`)

Maize flour (`maize_flour`)

Potato starch (`potato_starch`)

Potable formulation water (`formulation_water`)

Baker's yeast (`bakers_yeast`)

Sodium chloride (`sodium_chloride`)

Sucrose (`sucrose`)

Palm shortening (`palm_shortening`)

Skim milk powder (`skim_milk_powder`)

Whole egg powder (`whole_egg_powder`)

Sodium hydrogen carbonate (`sodium_hydrogen_carbonate`)

Monocalcium phosphate (`monocalcium_phosphate`)

Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (`mono_diglycerides`)

Alpha-amylase enzyme preparation (`alpha_amylase_preparation`)

Calcium propionate (`calcium_propionate`)

Receiving and dosing electricity (`receiving_dosing_electricity`)

Dosed formulation batch (`dosed_formulation_batch`)

Waste wheat flour (`wheat_flour_waste`)

Empty incoming paper sacks (`incoming_paper_sack_waste`)

Empty incoming plastic liners (`incoming_plastic_liner_waste`)

Flour particulate matter to air (`flour_particulate_to_air_receiving`)

Process: Dry sieving and blending (`dry_sieving_and_blending`)

Dosed dry formulation batch (`dry_dosed_batch_input`)

Dry blending electricity (`dry_blending_electricity`)

Blended dry bakery premix (`blended_dry_premix`)

Dry blending reject (`dry_blending_reject`)

Flour particulate matter to air (`flour_particulate_to_air_blending`)

Process: Wet mixing and kneading (`dough_mixing_and_kneading`)

Dosed wet formulation batch (`wet_dosed_batch_input`)

Dough mixing electricity (`dough_mixing_electricity`)

Mixed dough or batter (`mixed_dough_or_batter`)

Wet mixing reject (`wet_mixing_reject`)

Process: Fermentation, resting, dividing, and shaping (`fermentation_resting_and_makeup`)

Mixed dough input (`mixed_dough_input`)

Fermentation and make-up electricity (`fermentation_makeup_electricity`)

Purchased steam for humidity control (`fermentation_purchased_steam`)

Prepared dough after make-up (`prepared_dough_after_makeup`)

Fermentation or make-up reject (`fermentation_makeup_reject`)

Biogenic carbon dioxide from dough fermentation (`fermentation_biogenic_co2`)

Ethanol from dough fermentation to air (`fermentation_ethanol_to_air`)

Process: Chilling or freezing and cold storage (`temperature_conditioning_and_cold_storage`)

Unconditioned wet dough or batter (`unconditioned_wet_product`)

Conditioning and cold-storage electricity (`cold_route_electricity`)

Ammonia refrigerant addition (`ammonia_refrigerant_input`)

R404A refrigerant addition (`r404a_refrigerant_input`)

R134a refrigerant addition (`r134a_refrigerant_input`)

Carbon dioxide refrigerant addition (`r744_refrigerant_input`)

Chilled or frozen reference product at factory gate (`cold_reference_product_output`)

Cold-route product loss (`cold_route_product_loss`)

Ammonia refrigerant to air (`ammonia_refrigerant_to_air`)

R404A refrigerant to air (`r404a_refrigerant_to_air`)

R134a refrigerant to air (`r134a_refrigerant_to_air`)

R744 carbon dioxide refrigerant to air (`r744_refrigerant_to_air`)

Process: Primary and secondary packaging (`packaging`)

Unpacked route product (`unpacked_route_product`)

Packaging electricity (`packaging_electricity`)

Low-density polyethylene film (`ldpe_packaging_film`)

Polypropylene film (`pp_packaging_film`)

Kraft paper bag (`kraft_paper_bag`)

Corrugated board case (`corrugated_board_case`)

Polyethylene stretch film (`pe_stretch_film`)

Packed route product (`packed_route_product`)

LDPE packaging scrap (`ldpe_packaging_scrap`)

Polypropylene packaging scrap (`pp_packaging_scrap`)

Kraft-paper packaging scrap (`kraft_paper_packaging_scrap`)

Corrugated-board packaging scrap (`corrugated_board_packaging_scrap`)

Process: Ambient finished-product storage (`ambient_finished_storage`)

Packed ambient-route product (`packed_ambient_product`)

Ambient storage electricity (`ambient_storage_electricity`)

Reference product at factory gate (`reference_product_output`)

Ambient storage product loss (`ambient_storage_product_loss`)

Process: Cleaning and sanitation (`cleaning_and_sanitation`)

Cleaning electricity (`cleaning_electricity`)

Cleaning water (`cleaning_water`)

Purchased hot water (`purchased_hot_water`)

Purchased steam for cleaning (`cleaning_purchased_steam`)

Sodium hydroxide cleaning solution (`sodium_hydroxide_cleaner`)

Nitric acid cleaning solution (`nitric_acid_cleaner`)