Water-supply aqueduct and nonpipeline conduit construction delivery

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR applies to the complete, geographically bounded physical water-supply aqueduct, open channel, flume, covered conduit or nonpipeline underground conveyance work delivered through actual construction and acceptance. It is a civil-engineering entity, not a construction service or a materials package. Supply purpose, structure, route and owner-defined interfaces determine applicability; classification alone never creates an identity. The UN explanatory notes exclude irrigation/flood-control works and local or long-distance pipelines (un-cpc3-2025, printed pp. 279–280). LADWP's actual supply system demonstrates open channels, covered conduit and tunnels alongside separately excluded pipes (ladwp-wip-2024, p. 10).

Include the complete declared new or fully rebuilt reach and integral foundations, support piers, lining, roof, transitions, joints and controls. Do not narrow an elevated, covered or underground project to its easiest lining material. Exclude irrigation/flood control, navigation canals, dams and reservoirs delivered as separate assets, road/rail bridges and tunnels, water-treatment plants, pipeline components and construction services. Integral water-conveyance tunnels remain in scope; unrelated transport/mining tunnels do not. Mixed-purpose or mixed pipe/nonpipe projects require an explicit asset/interface decision and separate quantities before use. This construction dataset stops at handover; later conveyed water, operating pumping, maintenance, renewal and final demolition are separate stages with no invented lifetime.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.constructions-and-construction-services.constructions.water-supply-aqueduct-and-nonpipeline-conduit-delivery
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 53231
covered_products	Complete supply-purpose aqueducts, open channels, flumes, covered conduits and nonpipeline underground conveyance entities with integral structures
excluded_products	Irrigation/flood control; navigation canals; pipelines; standalone dams/reservoirs; transport bridges/tunnels; treatment plants; materials/equipment; construction services
representative_product	One complete accepted conveyance work with defined interfaces, measured geometry and hydraulic conditions
production_route	Actual earthworks, earth/concrete/membrane/masonry lining, flume erection or underground excavation/lining; integral joints/controls; testing, correction and handover
market_state	Installed accepted physical civil work at site; not conveyed water output

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide the supply-water conveyance passage between declared inlet/outlet under declared hydraulic conditions; assess its construction delivery
How much	One complete accepted work; declare surveyed chainage/length, section width/height, slope, invert/cover/support dimensions, actual conveyance capacity and test head. These qualify the same work and are not alternative denominators.
How well	Constrain with actual contract specification, structural/lining/joint configuration, supply purpose and seepage/hydraulic acceptance records; no default load, strength or approval
How long or cycle	One actual construction-to-complete-acceptance cycle; no operational lifespan or yearly water-delivery service is established
reference_flow_link	finished_conduit

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Accepted complete nonpipeline water-supply aqueduct or conduit work
Reference flow property	Number of items 01846770-4cfe-4a25-8ad9-919d8d378345
Reference unit group	Units of items 5beb6eed-33a9-47b8-9ede-1dfe8f679159
Reference unit	item
Required qualifiers	site/asset id; supply purpose; interfaces and perimeter; surveyed length/sections/slopes/volumes; structure/lining/support/cover/joints; hydraulic capacity and head/test conditions; component list; supply state; construction/acceptance dates and evidence; starting condition; stage exclusions

item is the display alias of public Item(s), counting one complete configured work. Different geometries or functions are not equivalent. Declare all qualifiers in the data package; partial handover is not a complete output.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_count	reference product	Number of items	item	Reference output is 1 item for the same complete accepted work, collected using cp_delivery. All inventories and collection aggregates use per declared reference flow. No assumed per-metre or per-work mass.
actual_quantities	all inventory rows	Mass; Volume; Energy; Mass*distance; Number of items	kg; m3; MJ; kg*km; item	Preserve each verified identity primary property/unit. Weigh mass and survey geometry/volume; area/length/volume-to-mass requires measured areal mass or density in the same lot/state. Never default to 1000 kg/m3. Match the property to each exchange: mass/kg, volume/m3, energy/MJ, mass-distance/kg*km, and Number of items/item for the complete delivered conduit and counted excavator manufacture share. Their auxiliary physical records do not replace native item exchanges; unknown equipment lifetime or total activity still requires review.
electricity_conversion	electricity_cn_lv	Net calorific value	MJ	Convert meter kWh using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ; preserve public Net calorific value, not Mass.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Recorded preconstruction site, retained existing entity, inlet interfaces and actual supplier-gate material state
starting_condition_role	foreground_start
product_classification_scope	Complete supply-purpose nonpipeline conveyance work; classification only informs scope
recursive_input_rule	Retained existing conduit is starting stock, not newly produced output; purchased same-category works need distinct upstream boundaries without recursive double counting
upstream_dataset_requirement	Separately verify and link material, equipment and utility route/geography/property and production/transport boundary; supplier-gate data do not prove complete upstream coverage
disclosure	Construction foreground through acceptance, with linked upstream module completeness reported separately; not an unqualified full-life or complete cradle-to-gate result

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
b_build	Include actual preparation, cut/fill, support, foundations, lining, covers, flume erection, integral controls, curing, tests/correction/cleanup and temporary works. Record equipment/utilities once by task; underground routes must include actual support and muck handling.	usbr-construction; ladwp-wip-2024
b_supplied	Separate supplied component/mixture manufacture, delivery and onsite installation. Actual onsite mixing, precasting or fabrication needs separate real atomic inputs; never count mixtures and embedded ingredients simultaneously. Upstream production is not silently merged into construction.	usbr-construction; epa-washout-2012
b_consumed_inputs	For every supplied material or assembly input, construction/installation applicability identifies the intended work, not only successfully installed quantities. In each native unit use attributable gross receipts + opening stock - verified returns/transfers - closing reusable stock; include pre-acceptance spillage, damage, rejected-but-consumed items and replacements. Verified returns and reusable carryover are excluded from consumed input, while any attributable handling, transport or rework remains. Reconcile installed acceptance and waste separately; do not cancel consumed manufacture. Reusable temporary assets retain their conserved manufacturing share under the asset-allocation rules.
b_stages	Exclude later operation/conveyed-water pumping, maintenance/renewal and final demolition. Actual existing-asset removal at site preparation is construction input. Disclose land/hydrology/ecology, noise and traffic disturbance gaps without declaring zero impact; operational water supply is not construction water.	ladwp-wip-2024; un-cpc3-2025
b_complete_route	Conditional cards do not authorize scope deletion. Actual other polymers, metal/timber flumes, prestressing, rock bolts, steel ribs, blasting, onsite batching, coatings or controls require additional atomic cards, original project method, collection and identity checks before project completeness can be claimed.	usbr-construction; usbr-canals-2017

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
earthworks	Site preparation, excavation and formation	conditional	Actual clearing, excavation, embankment, foundations or existing obstruction removal	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
earth_lining	Compacted-earth lining	conditional	Actual compacted clay lining	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
concrete	Concrete channel, cover and support construction	conditional	Actual concrete invert, sides, covers, piers or foundations	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
membrane	Membrane lining and anchorage	conditional	Actual geomembrane system	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
masonry	Masonry conduit construction	conditional	Actual masonry route	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
flume	Trough installation and elevated aqueduct erection	conditional	Actual prefabricated or steel flume and supports	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
underground	Nonpipeline underground water-conduit excavation and lining	conditional	Actual water-conveyance tunnel or gallery; not a transport tunnel or pipeline	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
joints_controls	Joints and integral hydraulic control installation	conditional	Actual joints, waterstops or integral controls	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
support	Equipment operation, water control and site utilities	required	All actual construction tasks; each exchange conditional on occurrence	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
assets	Reusable formwork and construction-equipment manufacture attribution	conditional	Actual included reusable assets; documented shared manufacture basis	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
transport	Construction logistics and waste transport	conditional	Actual movements outside separately accounted supply/onsite operations	foreground_process	per declared reference flow
handover	Testing, correction, cleanup and complete acceptance	required	All work through complete handover; rework inputs assigned to original task	reference_process	per declared reference flow

Select conditional processes from as-built structure and actual construction records; no default route. Use the actual excavator/compactor/crane/pump/concrete-vibration/tunnel-drive/ventilation equipment ledger. Energy/water/emissions in support are attributed once by task. Test/rework materials belong to the corresponding task. Reusable manufacture is in assets and operating consumption in support.

Process: Site preparation, excavation and formation (earthworks)

Actual clearing, excavation, embankment, foundations or existing obstruction removal.

Inputs

Product flows

Selected uncontaminated mineral soil for embankment fill (fill_soil)

Only imported suitable fill; survey excavation, compaction and moisture. Internal cut-to-fill is an internal transfer, not a second purchased input.

• Selected flow: Selected uncontaminated mineral soil for embankment fill
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Waste flows

Surplus uncontaminated excavated mineral soil (spoil_soil)

Only actual surplus transferred as waste; record analysis, wet/dry basis and destination; distinguish reused soil.

• Selected flow: Surplus uncontaminated excavated mineral soil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_waste; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: usbr-construction

Surplus excavated rock (spoil_rock)

Actual rock excavation or tunnel spoil transferred as waste; do not combine with soil or drilling slurry.

• Selected flow: Surplus excavated rock
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_waste; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: usbr-construction

Process: Compacted-earth lining (earth_lining)

Actual compacted clay lining.

Inputs

Product flows

Selected compactable clay for canal lining (lining_clay)

Only an actual compacted-clay lining; record mineralogy, moisture, borrow source and placed geometry. No default clay fraction or seepage reduction.

• Selected flow: Selected compactable clay for canal lining
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Process: Concrete channel, cover and support construction (concrete)

Actual concrete invert, sides, covers, piers or foundations.

Inputs

Product flows

Fresh concrete mixture delivered for channel placement (fresh_concrete)

Actual fresh mixture for invert, sides, cover, pier or foundation; reconcile dispatch ticket and poured geometry with measured lot density. Supplied mix is not a completed channel. For actual onsite batching, separately model every cement, aggregate, water and admixture input from batch records instead of counting purchased mix again.

• Selected flow: Fresh concrete mixture delivered for channel placement
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Hot rolled rebar steel (rebar)

Only actual low-alloy hot-rolled rebar with C≤0.2% matching supplied mill state; require certificates. Not mandatory for unreinforced lining. Other grade or fabrication state needs its own identity; cutting/bending and scrap are onsite.

• Selected flow: Hot rolled rebar steel 43050e3b-42be-465c-a021-17f606484151
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

crushed stone 16/32 (stone_drain)

Use actual 16/32 crushed stone supplied for this work's drainage or bedding layer; include attributable spillage and pre-acceptance replacement consumption under b_consumed_inputs, and record installed quantity separately. Do not substitute for other concrete aggregate gradings.

• Selected flow: crushed stone 16/32 4f197bee-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Waste flows

Hardened waste concrete (concrete_waste)

Actual hardened excess or rejected concrete; separate from fresh returns, slurry and reinforcement; waste transfer without automatic recycling credit.

• Selected flow: Hardened waste concrete
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_waste; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: epa-washout-2012

Steel reinforcing-bar offcuts (steel_offcut)

Only actual offcuts; distinguish traded secondary product from waste through transfer records, and change flow type only with verified identity.

• Selected flow: Steel reinforcing-bar offcuts
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_waste; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: usbr-construction

Process: Membrane lining and anchorage (membrane)

Actual geomembrane system.

Inputs

Product flows

HDPE geomembrane canal liner (hdpe_liner)

Only actual HDPE liner; measure thickness, density or weighed mass, welds, overlaps and losses. Clay, PVC and other polymers are distinct routes requiring distinct cards.

• Selected flow: HDPE geomembrane canal liner
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Polypropylene geotextile fabric (pp_geotextile)

Only actual polypropylene protective geotextile specified in the installed liner system, using measured areal mass and installed/received areas.

• Selected flow: Polypropylene geotextile fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Process: Masonry conduit construction (masonry)

Actual masonry route.

Inputs

Product flows

Natural stone masonry block (stone_block)

Only actual masonry conduit or protection work; record stone species, dimensions, delivered mass and installed location.

• Selected flow: Natural stone masonry block
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Fresh Portland-cement masonry mortar (mortar)

Only actual supplied cementitious mortar; record recipe and source. Site-mixed mortar requires separate measured cement, sand and water inputs without double-counting supplied mortar.

• Selected flow: Fresh Portland-cement masonry mortar
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Process: Trough installation and elevated aqueduct erection (flume)

Actual prefabricated or steel flume and supports.

Inputs

Product flows

Precast concrete water-conveyance trough (precast_trough)

Use actual trough units supplied for this work with measured configuration and mass; include attributable units damaged or consumed before acceptance under b_consumed_inputs, and record accepted installation separately. Count supplier-defined embedded reinforcement once; do not substitute generic wall panels.

• Selected flow: Precast concrete water-conveyance trough
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Fabricated steel water-conveyance trough (steel_trough)

Only actual steel flume route; capture supplied surface treatment, mounting, supports, joints and lifting tasks. Raw steel is not a fabricated trough.

• Selected flow: Fabricated steel water-conveyance trough
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Process: Nonpipeline underground water-conduit excavation and lining (underground)

Actual water-conveyance tunnel or gallery; not a transport tunnel or pipeline.

Inputs

Product flows

Fresh shotcrete mixture (shotcrete)

Only actual sprayed concrete support or lining in a nonpipeline water-conveyance tunnel. Identify supplied state, rebound, support system and sprayed thickness from original project methods. Never substitute tunnel geometry from another project.

• Selected flow: Fresh shotcrete mixture
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Precast concrete tunnel-lining segment (lining_segment)

Only actual segmental structural lining, not a water pipeline; record ring geometry, embedded reinforcement, gaskets and supplier scope, avoiding duplication of bundled components.

• Selected flow: Precast concrete tunnel-lining segment
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Cementitious tunnel backfill grout (cement_grout)

Only actual supplied grout; measured composition and injection records. Onsite formulation needs separate ingredients, additives, mixing and pumping; do not assume a pressure, ratio or injection volume.

• Selected flow: Cementitious tunnel backfill grout
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Waste flows

Spent aqueous bentonite drilling slurry (bentonite_slurry)

Only if a verified bentonite slurry tunneling/drilling method actually generates it; record solids fraction, additives, contamination and treatment. Blasting, rock bolts, steel ribs or other actual support require added atomic rows before project completeness is claimed.

• Selected flow: Spent aqueous bentonite drilling slurry
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_waste; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: usbr-construction

Process: Joints and integral hydraulic control installation (joints_controls)

Actual joints, waterstops or integral controls.

Inputs

Product flows

EPDM rubber waterstop strip (epdm_waterstop)

Only the actual finished EPDM waterstop at measured joints; supplied raw rubber is not a finished waterstop. Other joint materials need separate identification.

• Selected flow: EPDM rubber waterstop strip
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Fabricated steel canal-control gate (steel_gate)

Only an integral actual channel-control gate with supplied dimensions, coating and operator scope. Include actual installed actuator and sensors as distinct verified components if not bundled. Standalone dams are excluded.

• Selected flow: Fabricated steel canal-control gate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_material; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Process: Equipment operation, water control and site utilities (support)

All actual construction tasks; each exchange conditional on occurrence.

Inputs

Product flows

Diesel fuel for construction equipment (diesel)

The public diesel identity leaves grade, formulation, density, heating value, refinery and supply geography unspecified; declare these from the actual source and do not treat it as a combustion dataset. Actual fuel consumed by excavator, roller, pump, crane or other logged machine; fuel delivery/storage inventory reconciled with mass or measured density. Combustion emissions are distinct; upstream diesel datasets must not also include the same combustion.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel 9d258d75-6792-4f1c-9856-81602ed8f816
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_utilities; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: usbr-construction

Alternating current (electricity_cn_lv)

Only grid-average supply to a CN user at <1 kV with actual site/voltage evidence. Preserve the public Net calorific value reference; kWh meters convert with 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ. Other geography, voltage or generation needs a distinct identity, never restrict the project to China to fit this row.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 50657322-939c-4829-a87b-47c093bfa6a7
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_utilities; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: usbr-construction

Alternating-current electricity supplied to the construction site (electricity_other)

Actual site supply not covered by the CN low-voltage row; record geography, voltage, supplier boundary and primary property of the subsequently verified public identity; no simultaneous double count.

• Selected flow: Alternating-current electricity supplied to the construction site
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_utilities; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: usbr-construction

Tap water supplied for construction (supplied_water)

Only actual utility-supplied water for curing, cleaning, dust suppression or test filling; submeter each task and exclude embedded water already in purchased mixtures. HK plant-gate water is not a universal onsite identity; no assumed density.

• Selected flow: Tap water supplied for construction
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_water; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: usbr-construction

Elementary flows

River water withdrawn for construction (river_withdrawal)

The public river-water flow is a renewable resource from water, Volume, not supplied water or wastewater; keep actual extraction country in unit-process location for country-specific characterization. Only actual direct river abstraction for construction/test activity, not future conveyed water. Verify source catchment, metered withdrawal, permit evidence and actual return. Supplier water and resource extraction must not duplicate each other.

• Selected flow: river water 805a7346-1664-4483-afe3-4b224be5e361
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_water; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Waste flows

Construction dewatering effluent with mineral suspended solids (drainage_liquid)

Actual pit/tunnel dewatering transferred to treatment; record dissolved substances, solids and destination. It is a liquid waste transfer, not automatically a freshwater elementary release; pure diverted river flow is not a consumptive withdrawal.

• Selected flow: Construction dewatering effluent with mineral suspended solids
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_water; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: usbr-construction

Concrete washout water with cementitious suspended solids (washout_water)

Actual contained washout sent for treatment; separate recovered hardened concrete. No default pH, metals concentration or universal release. Offsite truck drum washout belongs to its actual operator boundary.

• Selected flow: Concrete washout water with cementitious suspended solids
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_water; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: epa-washout-2012

Elementary flows

carbon dioxide (fossil) (co2_fossil)

Only supported immediate fossil-fuel combustion release to air with unspecified air subcompartment; document any finer available location. Measure or use a cited equipment/fuel-specific factor and oxidation basis. Separate biogenic carbon and land-use change.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_emissions; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources: usbr-construction

nitrogen monoxide (no_air)

Only separately measured or supported NO release to unspecified air, immediate. An aggregate NOx-as-NO2 factor cannot populate this NO mass row without verified speciation.

• Selected flow: nitrogen monoxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-96ee-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_emissions; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources: usbr-construction

Nitrogen dioxide emitted to air (no2_air)

Only molecular NO2 (CAS 10102-44-0) measured separately or calculated from a supported species-specific factor for actual equipment/site, released immediately to unspecified air. Aggregate NOx reported as NO2-equivalent is not measured molecular NO2. NO, N2O, nitrogen, nitrite and N2O4 are different exchanges; public N2O4 synonyms do not change the defined molecular identity. Other media or long-term releases require another verified identity.

• Selected flow: nitrogen dioxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-96e5-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_emissions; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources: usbr-construction

particles (PM10) (pm10_air)

Only actual PM10 mass released to unspecified air from supported earth handling or exhaust; record measured/modelled source separation and control efficiency. Do not copy total dust or PM2.5 mass into PM10, or assume dust from every task.

• Selected flow: particles (PM10) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-91be-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_emissions; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_emissions
• Sources: usbr-construction

Water discharged to fresh surface water (water_release)

Only actual permitted/disclosed direct freshwater discharge after treatment or test drainage, with measured recipient and pollutant concentrations. Split each quantified chemical into its own elementary row; no generic wastewater identity or unsupported pollutant.

• Selected flow: Water 5e50fc01-19c6-4377-a1cc-bc65a12498ea
• Flow property / unit: Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66 / m3
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_water; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: usbr-construction

Process: Reusable formwork and construction-equipment manufacture attribution (assets)

Actual included reusable assets; documented shared manufacture basis.

Inputs

Product flows

Plywood (plywood)

Only actual glued/pressed veneer plywood formwork. Measure board volume and ledger the manufacturing share attributed across all projects/reuses; sum of shares for the same physical boards must not exceed one. Do not allocate the full manufacture to each project.

• Selected flow: Plywood 8b239d58-5fc2-40a5-8003-33f4082bc995
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_assets; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_assets
• Sources: usbr-construction

Complete hydraulic excavator manufacturing share (excavator_share)

Only the attributable manufacturing burden of an actual identified excavator with a supported activity/life basis and conserved cumulative share across projects. Operational diesel is separately metered. Unknown total activity/life is a review gap, not a default lifetime. Actual crane, TBM or other equipment needs its own card when included.

• Selected flow: Complete hydraulic excavator manufacturing share
• Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_assets; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_assets
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Process: Construction logistics and waste transport (transport)

Actual movements outside separately accounted supply/onsite operations.

Inputs

Product flows

Road freight transport of construction inputs and waste (road_freight)

Actual loaded mass and route distance by trip and material; include attributable empty returns only with evidence. Verify whether upstream supply already includes delivery; dedicated onsite haul diesel is not counted again as freight service.

• Selected flow: Road freight transport of construction inputs and waste
• Flow property / unit: Massdistance / kgkm
• Amount rule: Collect and attribute the actual exchange for this complete work using cp_transport; preserve task, lot, original physical unit and applicability conditions.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_transport
• Sources: usbr-construction

Outputs

Process: Testing, correction, cleanup and complete acceptance (handover)

All work through complete handover; rework inputs assigned to original task.

Inputs

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted complete nonpipeline water-supply aqueduct or conduit work (finished_conduit)

Only the same complete configured engineering entity that passes the documented actual acceptance checks; measured geometry, inlet/outlet, structural system, hydraulic conditions and excluded adjoining assets must be recorded.

• Selected flow: Accepted complete nonpipeline water-supply aqueduct or conduit work
• Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
• Amount rule: 1 item
• Value mode: fixed_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_delivery
• Sources: un-cpc3-2025

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
a_task	Avoid allocation with work/task submeters and subcontract physical ledgers. Unavoidable shared utilities use measured equipment hours, pumping or other physically causal activity; list all beneficiaries and conserved shares. Unknown relationships require review; cost is not a default.
a_asset	Manufacturing attribution shares for the same physical equipment/reusable component must sum to no more than one across projects, periods and reuses. Derive a dimensionless share from supported total activity and project activity, multiplying measured count/mass/volume. Unknown life/total activity remains review; operating burdens are actual separately measured consumption.
a_waste	Reused excavated soil/rock is an internal transfer; waste follows actual destination. No automatic substitution credit for steel/concrete waste. A traded co-product requires evidence of status/use and a separately declared allocation/system-expansion method and factor sources; disposal payment does not create output.	epa-washout-2012

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material	all applicable construction processes	material	delivery_and_placement	lot; material state; source gate; accepted receipt; return; installed geometry; measured density where converted; waste ; opening and closing reusable stock; verified transfers; pre-acceptance damage/rejection/replacement; separate consumed and accepted installed quantities	Weigh receipts and returns, reconcile tickets with surveyed installed dimensions; use actual tested density only for the same state/lot. Record embedded component supplier scope. Aggregation detail: Sum attributable physical exchanges per declared reference flow Apply b_consumed_inputs in the row native unit: gross attributable receipts + opening stock - verified returns/transfers - closing reusable stock; include consumed losses and replacements, with accepted installation and waste reconciled separately.	kg	each task, lot, trip or acceptance event	actual start through complete acceptance, including correction	same declared work perimeter, including subcontractors	per declared reference flow	calibration, raw ledgers, tests, revisions and handover records
cp_utilities	support	energy	meter_and_fuel_ledger	equipment id; task; hours; receipts; opening/closing stock; fuel density; voltage; supply geography; meter readings	Read calibrated task meters and fuel ledger; reconcile subcontractor records; preserve actual fuel property and meter energy unit. Aggregation detail: Sum attributable use per declared reference flow, once by task	kg; MJ	each task, lot, trip or acceptance event	actual start through complete acceptance, including correction	same declared work perimeter, including subcontractors	per declared reference flow	calibration, raw ledgers, tests, revisions and handover records
cp_water	support	water	meter_and_transfer	source; catchment; supplied/abstracted volume; curing/test use; dewatering; washout; recycle; recipient; concentration; discharge permission	Meter distinct supply, river withdrawal, dewatering, washout and actual discharge; record reuse as internal transfer. Separate treatment waste transfer from measured direct environmental release. Aggregation detail: Sum each distinct water exchange per declared reference flow; never net away withdrawals/returns silently	m3	each task, lot, trip or acceptance event	actual start through complete acceptance, including correction	same declared work perimeter, including subcontractors	per declared reference flow	calibration, raw ledgers, tests, revisions and handover records
cp_waste	all applicable construction processes	waste	weighbridge_transfer	row_id; task; composition; wet/dry state; moisture; mass; receiver; treatment/reuse evidence	Use calibrated scales or weighbridge transfers; sample composition/moisture and reconcile with site mass balance; do not assume recycling. Aggregation detail: Sum each waste row per declared reference flow	kg	each task, lot, trip or acceptance event	actual start through complete acceptance, including correction	same declared work perimeter, including subcontractors	per declared reference flow	calibration, raw ledgers, tests, revisions and handover records
cp_emissions	support	elementary_emission	measurement_or_supported_factor	substance; CAS; source equipment/task; air subcompartment; sample/factor; fuel activity; chemical basis; control; uncertainty	Measure the specified species or retain primary published equipment/fuel-specific factor with its original conditions and activity records. Missing factor/speciation stays an assessment gap, not zero. Aggregation detail: Sum supported species releases per declared reference flow	kg	each task, lot, trip or acceptance event	actual start through complete acceptance, including correction	same declared work perimeter, including subcontractors	per declared reference flow	calibration, raw ledgers, tests, revisions and handover records
cp_assets	assets	reusable_asset	asset_share_ledger	physical asset id; configuration; measured count/volume/mass; manufacture dataset; supported cumulative activity; project activity; prior shares; remaining share	Measure actual boards or identify actual equipment and keep a cross-project ledger; evidence must support lifetime/activity denominator and attribution. Unknown denominator requires review before an asset-burden result. Aggregation detail: Attributable manufacture share per declared reference flow; same asset cumulative share ≤1	item; m3; kg	each task, lot, trip or acceptance event	actual start through complete acceptance, including correction	same declared work perimeter, including subcontractors	per declared reference flow	calibration, raw ledgers, tests, revisions and handover records
cp_transport	transport	transport	trip_ledger	trip; material; loaded mass; actual route km; delivery inclusion; empty return attribution	Reconcile weighbridge, dispatch and route logs; separate trip legs and check supplier datasets to avoid duplicate delivery. Aggregation detail: Sum attributable transport activity per declared reference flow	kg*km	each task, lot, trip or acceptance event	actual start through complete acceptance, including correction	same declared work perimeter, including subcontractors	per declared reference flow	calibration, raw ledgers, tests, revisions and handover records
cp_delivery	handover	reference_product	survey_and_acceptance	asset/site id; start/end chainage; inlet/outlet; surveyed length; sections; slopes; invert/cover/support dimensions; flow rate and head conditions; installed controls; acceptance tests; nonconformities; date	Reconcile as-built survey and complete asset list with actual dimensional, structural, joint/seepage and hydraulic acceptance evidence and owner handover; no assumed approvals. Aggregation detail: One complete accepted configured work per declared reference flow	item	each task, lot, trip or acceptance event	actual start through complete acceptance, including correction	same declared work perimeter, including subcontractors	per declared reference flow	calibration, raw ledgers, tests, revisions and handover records

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
inventory_aggregation	all inventory rows	Sum actual attributable task exchanges for the same complete work per declared reference flow; reconcile receipts, returns, surplus and installation separately, excluding internal transfers from external exchange. Apply b_consumed_inputs to supplied inputs, including pre-acceptance consumed losses and replacements; accepted installed amounts are not the input quantity.	cp_material; cp_utilities; cp_water; cp_waste; cp_delivery	row amount on the same basis	usbr-construction
physical_conversion	all inventory rows	Measured volume × measured same-lot/state density = mass; measured area × same-lot areal mass = mass. Retain raw value/state/factor/uncertainty; secondary screening ratios are not universal densities.	measured volume/area; tested density/areal mass; cp_material	actual quantity in the original property
energy_meter	electricity_cn_lv	Meter kWh × 3.6 = MJ; count same-work user consumption once.	meter kWh; cp_utilities	MJ
transport_activity	road_freight	Sum attributable trip loaded mass kg × actual distance km; if the identity uses tkm, 1 tkm = 1000 kg*km.	trip mass; km; cp_transport	kg*km
asset_attribution	plywood; excavator_share	Manufacturing-equivalent physical amount = measured same-configuration physical amount × dimensionless project activity share; cumulative shares across all projects/periods ≤1 with remaining balance. No calculation with unsupported denominator.	physical quantity; project activity; supported total activity; prior shares; cp_assets	work manufacture share in the original physical unit
emission_evidence	co2_fossil; no_air; no2_air; pm10_air	Use measured specified-species mass or matched actual activity × cited species factor, retaining fuel/technology/control/chemical basis/compartment. Aggregate NOx is not automatically speciated; a gap is not zero.	measurement or primary factor; activity; cp_emissions	kg
water_balance	supplied_water; river_withdrawal; drainage_liquid; washout_water; water_release	Reconcile supply, direct withdrawal, embodied water, reuse, waste transfer and measured discharge separately. Dewatering has separate groundwater ingress/outflow and is not forced to equal construction abstraction. Concentration × compatible liquid amount applies only to identified species with consistent units.	meters; samples; receivers; cp_water	separate water exchanges and identified species quantities	epa-washout-2012

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_configuration	finished_conduit	Same asset interfaces, surveyed geometry, structure and hydraulic conditions with actual tests/nonconformities. Length alone does not establish equivalence.	cp_delivery; ladwp-wip-2024
dq_sources	all inventory rows	Use actual lots, full-cycle and all-subcontract records; material grade/lining/supply state/geography/voltage/compartment/public property must match.	cp_material; cp_utilities; cp_water
dq_completeness	all processes	Reconcile complete quantity schedule with processes, atomic inventories, temporary works and wastes. Missing process/scope/identity/factor or unrepresentative sample remains explicit, not zero.	cp_delivery; cp_waste
dq_ranges	all quantities	No universal recipe, energy/loss/lifetime/geometry or per-work mass range. Site evidence supplies measured factors/uncertainty; future cross-project benchmarks need independent boundary-compatible evidence.	cp_material; cp_delivery
dq_environment	support	Confirm each direct-release substance, air subcompartment and receiving water; disclose uncovered noise/ecology/land/hydrology impacts without inventing mass exchanges.	cp_emissions; cp_water

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
v_reference	Reject a materials bundle, construction service, partial lining or unaccepted task substituted for the same complete reference work. Check 1 item, surveyed geometry/hydraulic conditions and finished_conduit consistency; missing qualifiers invalidate the data package.	un-cpc3-2025; ladwp-wip-2024
v_route	Check every necessary process/condition against as-built methods; onsite mixture production, blasting or specialty support without separate exchanges prevents a completeness claim. Resolve mixed purpose/category/interfaces first.	usbr-construction
v_identity	Verify public substance/state/route/geography/compartment/reference property/unit for every UUID. NO, NO2 and N2O are distinct; wastewater transfer is not resource water or environmental water discharge. Keep specific blank identities and review where unmatched.	epa-washout-2012
v_balance	Reconcile quantity schedule, stocks, waste/water ledger, energy, transport boundaries and cumulative asset shares. Correct double counts, incompatible units, default density/lifetime or unsupported factors. A candidate structural check without real project measurements establishes neither performance nor scientific approval.	usbr-canals-2017; usbr-construction

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
downstream_use	Supply-water conveyance construction module with matching boundary/configuration and preserved qualifiers
allowed_use	Modelling within matched supply function, structural geometry, hydraulics and construction stage; declare linked upstream completeness
excluded_use	Length-only comparison across different capacity/configuration; operational water supply; irrigation/flood control; pipelines; whole life or unsupported lifetime comparison
required_metadata	All reference qualifiers, surveyed quantities, methods, supply interfaces, task/subcontracts, test/handover records, electricity/water conditions and stage boundaries
required_quality_disclosure	Identity/process/factor gaps, upstream completeness, sample representativeness, uncertainty, shared allocation/asset shares, applicability warnings and unmeasured environmental impacts
update_trigger	Changes in as-built configuration, supply conditions, route, geography/gate, method, acceptance, emission factors or boundary

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc3-2025	official_guidance	UNSD, CPC Version 3.0 Explanatory Notes, 30 June 2025, printed pp. 279–280. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf	Supply-purpose nonpipeline entity and adjacent category boundary; not a manufacture/quantity factor
ladwp-wip-2024	official_guidance	LADWP, Water Infrastructure Plan 2024-25, p. 10. https://www.ladwp.com/sites/default/files/2025-01/2024_BOOKLETS_WIP_Digital%20Final.pdf	Actual supply-system open channels/covered conduits/tunnels and separate upkeep; configuration/stage evidence only, not copied mileage/lifetime/maintenance schedule
usbr-construction	official_guidance	USBR, Crow Irrigation Project – Construction Activity Descriptions, Structures (Flumes; Replacing/Rehabilitating) and Canals (Cleaning/Shaping; Lining). https://www.usbr.gov/gp/nepa/cip/activity_descriptions.html	Transferable excavation/shaping/compaction, concrete flume/elevated supports and membrane operations only. Original irrigation purpose is outside this category; no default cost/dimensions/emissions/equipment rates
usbr-canals-2017	official_guidance	USBR, Canal Operation and Maintenance: Concrete Lining and Structures, November 2017, printed p. 3 (construction/curing), p. 10 (support/voids), Section 5.8 Shotcrete (printed p. 22). https://www.usbr.gov/assetmanagement/docs/Canal_Concrete.pdf	Concrete placement/curing/support state and shotcrete, qualitative physical operations only. Irrigation O&M context is not supply whole-life evidence; historic temperatures/strengths/recipes are not project constraints
epa-washout-2012	official_guidance	US EPA, Stormwater Best Management Practice: Concrete Washout, EPA 833-F-11-006, February 2012, pp. 1–2. https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-11/documents/concretewashout_0.pdf	Historical qualitative washout liquid/solids, containment and transfer boundaries; no copied pH/metals concentration or current compliance approval