Sewage and water treatment plant and sewer-system construction delivery

Lifecycle status: Candidate
Content maturity: Authored methodology
Current version: 0.1.0Last updated2026-10-10
Readiness: Review required

Methodology and translation states come from the source record; publishing this website does not change their review status.

Content languages

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Status, classification and source details

Readiness

Warnings methodology_not_reviewed Authored methodology is candidate guidance and still requires methodology review.

Classification mapping

CPC 3.0:53253 · exact

Source

library/pcrs/constructions-and-construction-services/constructions/sewage-and-water-treatment-plant-deliverysha256:15b21e62970f…

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers the construction and actual accepted delivery of sewage systems, sewage disposal/treatment plants and water-treatment/purification plants. The delivered object includes its declared civil structures, fixed hydraulic/process/E&M installations and real commissioning, not a construction service invoice, a package of building materials, one filter or the operating treatment service per m3. CPC 3.0 53253 supplies category context only. A new complete plant or a complete independently delivered expansion/reprovisioning stage must declare its existing-asset and external-pipeline interfaces.

Sewer systems explicitly remain within the classification meaning; separate long-distance water pipelines and local water/sewer mains are excluded by CPC, rather than silently absorbing their construction. A specific dataset must document which sewer-system chambers, conveyance/disposal structures and plant links are actually in its accepted delivery. An unclear mains/system boundary needs review. Conventional clarification/filtration, preliminary or chemically enhanced sewage treatment, biological/MBR, reuse and desalination are route conditions, not mutually mandatory technologies. A non-represented actual route needs complete atomic inventory expansion and evidence before a complete-category claim.

The default result is site-construction-to-handover. Material and equipment manufacture, transport, installation, actual later maintenance/renewal and demolition/destinations are distinct stages. Upstream providers may be linked only with declared gates and without duplicated embodied materials. No default mix, loss, site energy, geometry, capacity, service life, regulatory approval or whole-life result is supplied.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.constructions-and-construction-services.constructions.sewage-and-water-treatment-plant-delivery
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 53253 — Sewage and water treatment plants
covered_products	Accepted sewer-system entities; sewage disposal/treatment plants; water treatment/purification plants; complete delivered new or reconstructed stages with explicit interfaces
excluded_products	Separately delivered long-distance water pipelines/local water or sewer mains; stand-alone filtering equipment manufacture; pure construction/engineering or operating treatment services; building shell presented as whole process plant
representative_product	One complete site-built treatment entity with actual declared civil and installed process scope, accepted functional test and measured geometry
production_route	Actual ground/civil works → fixed process and E&M installation → water/mechanical/functional trials → accepted handover; route-selected structures and treatment units
market_state	Installed at the declared site, complete within stated accepted stage and interfaces; no future ultimate capacity assumed

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide one actually accepted sewage-system or treatment-plant construction entity with declared treatment/disposal/purification function
How much	One complete delivered entity; declare measured capacity under actual accepted influent quality/load and test conditions in m3/day where relevant, actual tank volumes, building area and sewer-system length/diameters
How well	As-built configuration and delivery completeness; actual watertightness, hydraulic/process, mechanical/electrical/control and quality test results at declared conditions, with remaining defects disclosed
How long or cycle	One actual construction-to-handover campaign, with recorded commissioning dates/test duration; no operating lifetime assumed
reference_flow_link	accepted_entity

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Accepted sewage or water treatment plant or sewer-system entity
Reference flow property	Number of items `01846770-4cfe-4a25-8ad9-919d8d378345`
Reference unit group	Units of items `5beb6eed-33a9-47b8-9ede-1dfe8f679159`
Reference unit	item
Required qualifiers	site/country and coordinates; entity or independently accepted stage identifier; complete new/existing asset interface; sewer/mains distinction; treatment and feed type/salinity; delivered civil/structure/building/pipework scope; installed train and equipment/media list; measured footprint/floor area, tank usable/gross volumes and sewer lengths/diameters; actual capacity and influent/test conditions; acceptance date and trial duration; exclusion/upstream-link and capital-equipment coverage; water/waste/emission destinations

item denotes the public Item(s) count unit. Record qualifiers for the actual configuration of the same entity: a sewer system without treatment tanks/media or a plant without a sewer network may use not_applicable only with bounded interface/as-built evidence; an applicable but unmeasured field remains a gap. Use actual treatment, conveyance or disposal function tests as applicable, without inventing tanks, filter media or capacity. One entity cannot be compared to another merely because both output one item. Mass-based reference identity may be reconsidered only with complete same-entity measured material/assembly scope and a supported conversion; this PCR does not supply such mass.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
`reference_item`	reference product	Number of items `01846770-4cfe-4a25-8ad9-919d8d378345`	item	1 item is one actually accepted complete declared plant/system entity or complete delivered expansion stage. item is the display alias of public Item(s); actual geometry and treatment/conveyance/disposal duty are qualifiers for applicable installed configuration; absent fields require evidence-backed not_applicable. These are not an assumed multiplier or lifetime output.
`physical_quantities`	all inventory rows	Declared original property	kg; m3; m; item; MJ; tkm	Preserve actual wet/dry/material/assembly scope; volume-to-mass requires same batch density and condition. Counts of pumps measured by Mass require same-configuration measured net mass. No plant-wide guessed mass or forced 1 kg reference. Match units to each row’s original property: mass/kg, volume/m3, length/m, count/item, energy/MJ under energy_units, and goods transport (mass*distance)/tkm under cp_transport. Preserve the measured energy conversions and actual freight activity; the listed units are alternatives by dimension, not simultaneous requirements.
`energy_units`	diesel; cn_lv_electricity; cn_mv_electricity; other_electricity	Net calorific value `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66`	MJ	Public reference property remains Net calorific value and energy unit group. Electricity MJ = recorded kWh × 3.6 per verified unit definition; fuel MJ = actual kg × batch-specific LHV (MJ/kg). Do not turn energy into kg or confuse gross and net calorific value.
`water_physical_state`	river_intake; groundwater_intake; sea_intake; freshwater_discharge; marine_water_discharge	Original Volume or Mass	m3; kg	River/groundwater and freshwater discharge retain Volume. Sea-water resource retains Mass, with measured volume×same-salinity/temperature evidenced density if needed; keep both ledgers. Water supply, resource extraction, technosphere effluent and actual elementary release are different crossings.
`nonadditive_qualifiers`	reference product; acceptance tests	Measured function and geometry	m; m2; m3; m3/day	Measure each tank/building/network scope separately and state footprint versus floor area, usable versus gross volume and hydraulic duty/test duration. Do not sum unlike dimensions or infer treatment function from area, cost, population or default service life.

Verified public support bindings: Mass → Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, kg; Volume → Units of volume 93a60a57-a3c8-12da-a746-0800200c9a66, m3; Net calorific value → Units of energy 93a60a57-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, MJ; Length → Units of length 838aaa22-0117-11db-92e3-0800200c9a66, m. Flow-specific original reference properties control; these bindings do not approve any product identity.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Actual existing site and assets recorded before construction; purchased materials/equipment at declared supplier gates and actual site-entry/transport interfaces
starting_condition_role	foreground_entry_gate
product_classification_scope	Sewer systems, sewage disposal and water-treatment/purification civil entities; separate excluded mains/long-distance water-pipeline interfaces
recursive_input_rule	A purchased complete treatment module/previous plant in the same category is an upstream asset/provider input with its accepted boundary; never recursively recreate its manufacture while also including its provider. Existing retained plant is not a new whole-plant output
upstream_dataset_requirement	Compatible supplier gate, region, actual technology/material state and embodied assembly content. Separate raw material manufacture from onsite batching/installation; no provider UUID alone proves upstream LCI completeness
disclosure	Site/stage geometry/function; existing asset use and removals; actual route and trial gate; upstream/transport/capital coverage; later operation, maintenance/renewal and demolition excluded or explicitly separate; no full-life claim

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
`construction_delivery`	dataset	Collect actual site works and pre-handover commissioning through signed complete delivery. Upstream material/equipment manufacture and transport have separate provider gates; this site dataset is not automatically complete cradle-to-gate or whole life. Report unmatched upstream links explicitly.	`wsd-shatin-project`; `dsd-shek-wu-hui-project`; `dsd-sewage-overview-2017`
`route_completeness`	all inventory rows	Build the real as-built process/train and civil-package register before selecting flows. Sewer systems, sewage disposal, conventional purification, biological/MBR and desalination/reuse are not reduced to a building shell or one filter. Add each actual atomic flow omitted by the illustrative cards, including non-concrete structures, sewers/chambers, fittings, valves, joints, welding consumables, media, chemicals and actual waste. A missing identity does not excuse dropping a needed unit.	`un-cpc-treatment-2025`; `wsd-water-treatment`; `dsd-shek-wu-hui-project`; `wsd-desalination`
`test_operation_gate`	commission	Define actual trial dates, tested train/duty and acceptance contract. Include repairs/retests, initial media and first-fill installation. Exclude continuing existing-plant commercial operation and all post-handover service unless separately modelled. Split DBO construction from actual maintenance/renewal/removal and destinations; no assumed life or repeat rate.	`dsd-sewage-overview-2017`; `wsd-desalination`
`water_release_gate`	utilities; commission	Track supplied water, direct abstraction, dewatering, internal recycle, contained washout, external treatment and direct discharge separately. Direct releases require actual chemistry, compartment and measurement/model evidence. Assess and disclose construction noise/vibration, land disturbance, odors and unmeasured constituents; no invention of default emission mass from monitoring concentrations or dB. Direct marine outfall needs water and each actual constituent with marine-compatible identities.	`epa-concrete-washout-2012`; `epd-shek-wu-hui-2007`; `wsd-desalination`

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
ground	Site formation and temporary retaining works	required	Actual clearance, excavation, backfill, subbase and drainage from the delivered system; all work-package quantities are retained even if example cards are absent.	foreground	per declared reference flow
civil	Foundations, water-retaining structures and ancillary buildings	conditional	Actual design: reinforcement, formwork, concrete placing/vibration/curing, joints and watertightness; non-concrete structures have their own material rows. Includes actual access roads/building shell within plant gate, not only one basin.	foreground	per declared reference flow
installation	Plant pipework, fixed equipment and initial media installation	conditional	Actual declared treatment route and sewer-system interface, fixed hydraulic/process/E&M works, initial media, electrical and control connections; equipment examples are conditional, not all required.	foreground	per declared reference flow
utilities	Site equipment operation, construction water and direct releases	required	Attribute actual fuel, supplied/direct water, power, reusable equipment and evidenced release to the responsible work package, including cleaning and defects.	foreground	per declared reference flow
commission	Water tests, route-specific commissioning and delivery trials	required	Actual dimensional, watertightness, mechanical, electrical/control and functional acceptance tests; record actual water, chemicals, sewage trials or RO trials only when performed. Isolate ongoing existing-plant operation and post-handover service.	foreground	per declared reference flow
transport	Material deliveries and exported-waste transport	conditional	Actual road legs with complete gates; other actual transport modes get separately verified atomic service rows.	foreground	per declared reference flow
handover	Documented acceptance and complete entity handover	required	Signed as-built scope, site and measured geometry, installed equipment list and functional-test records; one complete plant/system or complete delivered stage only.	reference_product	per declared reference flow

Process: Site formation and temporary retaining works (`ground`)

Inputs

Product flows

Crushed rock for foundation subbase (`subbase`)

Only actual imported crushed rock of declared grading; reconcile receipt, installed subbase and surplus. Excavated material reused within site is an internal transfer, not another purchased input.

Selected flow: Crushed rock for foundation subbase
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Reusable steel sheet pile (`temporary_sheet_pile`)

Conditional temporary retaining route; collect actual pile section, mass, installation/extraction and use ledger. Manufacturing-equivalent mass is the verified attributable share; physical installed mass is retained separately.

Selected flow: Reusable steel sheet pile
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_temporary
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Outputs

Waste flows

Excavated mineral soil exported off site (`excavated_soil`)

Only soil actually exported; retain contamination tests, wet mass, moisture, reuse/disposal destination. Record excavated rock or contaminated sludge as separate additional exchanges if present.

Selected flow: Excavated mineral soil exported off site
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Process: Foundations, water-retaining structures and ancillary buildings (`civil`)

Inputs

Product flows

Fresh ready-mixed hydraulic-cement concrete (`ready_mix`)

Conditional purchased ready-mix route for actual foundations, water-retaining tanks, chambers or buildings. Record batch design, exposure/strength specification, fresh density and placement location. Do not pair its full burden with separately purchased cement/aggregate for the same batch.

Selected flow: Fresh ready-mixed hydraulic-cement concrete
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: usace-concrete-1994; epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Portland cement powder for on-site concrete batching (`batch_cement`)

Only separately procured Portland cement in an actual on-site batching route; measure each batch, remaining stock and rejected mix. No default composition or cement content.

Selected flow: Portland cement powder for on-site concrete batching
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: usace-concrete-1994; epa-concrete-washout-2012

sand 0/2 (`batch_sand`)

Only actual undried natural fine aggregate with 0/2 grading, supplied from wet/dry quarry production at plant; retain measured batch moisture and original wet-mass basis. Other grades or dried sand require separate identity.

Selected flow: sand 0/2 4f1a182d-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: epa-concrete-washout-2012

Crushed coarse aggregate for on-site concrete batching (`batch_stone`)

Conditional on actual site batching; document geological composition, particle grading and wet/dry basis per batch, without a prescribed ratio.

Selected flow: Crushed coarse aggregate for on-site concrete batching
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: epa-concrete-washout-2012

Hot rolled rebar steel (`reinforcing_bar`)

Only hot-rolled low-alloy steel rebar with carbon C≤0.2%, matching the public original material condition, alloy bar classification and factory rolling route. Record grade, diameters, bar schedule and actual cut/bend/installed mass; non-alloy or other grade identities require separate verification.

Selected flow: Hot rolled rebar steel 43050e3b-42be-465c-a021-17f606484151
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: usace-concrete-1994

Reusable plywood formwork panel with declared wood species and coating (`formwork_panel`)

Only actual plywood formwork; physical volume follows measured thickness and area. Allocate manufacturing through the conserved reuse ledger; do not count purchased replacement and the same share twice.

Selected flow: Reusable plywood formwork panel with declared wood species and coating
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_temporary
Sources: usace-concrete-1994

PVC waterstop strip (`waterstop`)

Conditional actual PVC joint-waterstop design; record section, compound, delivered length and measured mass per length. Other elastomeric waterstops are separate products.

Selected flow: PVC waterstop strip
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: usace-concrete-1994

Epoxy-resin tank lining formulation (`epoxy_lining`)

Only actual lining specification; separately record each supplied resin/hardener if they cross the gate separately, mixing ratio from records, application mass and curing. No requirement that every tank is lined.

Selected flow: Epoxy-resin tank lining formulation
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_material
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Outputs

Waste flows

Discarded hardened hydraulic-cement concrete (`concrete_waste`)

Only separated hardened offcuts or rejected concrete; distinguish wet returned ready mix and reinforcing steel. Retain actual receiving route.

Selected flow: Discarded hardened hydraulic-cement concrete
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: epa-concrete-washout-2012

Hot-rolled alloy reinforcing-steel offcut for recycling (`steel_offcut`)

Actual sorted cuttings; reconcile with purchased and installed rebar without automatic avoided-production credit.

Selected flow: Hot-rolled alloy reinforcing-steel offcut for recycling
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: usace-concrete-1994

Contained alkaline concrete washout slurry water (`washout_water`)

Conditional chute/pump/form cleaning; record contained liquid composition and actual recovery/export. It is technosphere waste, not water-resource use or automatic environmental release. Dry washout solids are a separate row.

Selected flow: Contained alkaline concrete washout slurry water
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water
Sources: epa-concrete-washout-2012

Separated hardened concrete washout solids (`washout_solids`)

Only separated solids with measured moisture/state and destination; do not count the same solids again within slurry exported as a whole.

Selected flow: Separated hardened concrete washout solids
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: epa-concrete-washout-2012

Process: Plant pipework, fixed equipment and initial media installation (`installation`)

Record the following inputs as actual net consumption attributable to delivery, including damage, rejected-and-scrapped units and replacement inputs before installation or acceptance, not only the final installed quantity. Reconcile gross receipts, opening stock, verified returns/transfers and closing usable stock through cp_install, keeping accepted installation configuration and waste destinations separate.

Inputs

Product flows

Steel Pipe (`steel_pipe`)

Only factory-produced welded circular steel pipe matching public route; actual diameter, wall, alloy, corrosion protection and service compatibility are required. Supplier coatings/fittings are within the measured assembly only when evidenced.

Selected flow: Steel Pipe 370d14a6-55f3-4fdd-90b2-84751125ff00
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Ductile-iron pressure pipe with declared lining (`ductile_pipe`)

Conditional actual pipe specification and delivery gate; record joint system, pressure class and installed geometry. Cast-iron fittings are not the pipe identity.

Selected flow: Ductile-iron pressure pipe with declared lining
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Precast reinforced-concrete sewer pipe (`concrete_sewer_pipe`)

Conditional sewer-system civil works within declared disposal-system delivery; reconcile pipe dimensions, joint leakage testing and separate excluded mains interface.

Selected flow: Precast reinforced-concrete sewer pipe
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: un-cpc-treatment-2025; epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Pump (`pump`)

Actual liquid-pump factory-gate assemblies consumed for this project, including pre-installation damage, scrapping and replacements. Retain duty, fluid, materials, motor inclusion, quantity and measured net assembly mass; use the public Mass property. A separate motor is counted only if not included.

Selected flow: Pump bbd91be4-dc00-44c2-8bc1-f67ee79174a7
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: wsd-shatin-project; dsd-sewage-overview-2017

Mechanical bar-screen assembly for sewage (`screen`)

Conditional sewage preliminary treatment; actual bar spacing, capacity, structure and drive inclusion. No universal screening equipment count.

Selected flow: Mechanical bar-screen assembly for sewage
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: dsd-sewage-overview-2017

Clarifier sludge-scraper assembly (`scraper`)

Conditional actual sedimentation/flotation design; record tank interface and installed assembly, not the whole clarifier twice.

Selected flow: Clarifier sludge-scraper assembly
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: wsd-water-treatment; dsd-shek-wu-hui-project

Wastewater aeration blower assembly (`blower`)

Only actual biological or other aerated process; record flow/pressure test conditions, motor/controls scope. A fan/heater or compressed-air flow does not identify a blower assembly.

Selected flow: Wastewater aeration blower assembly
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: dsd-shek-wu-hui-project; dsd-sewage-overview-2017

Elastomer-membrane fine-bubble aeration diffuser (`diffuser`)

Conditional actual installed diffuser; retain membrane polymer, active area, supporting body and expected duty only from project records.

Selected flow: Elastomer-membrane fine-bubble aeration diffuser
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: dsd-shek-wu-hui-project

Polymeric membrane-bioreactor cassette (`mbr_cassette`)

Only actual MBR route; specify polymer, pore/cut-off definition, membrane area, cassette frame and delivered completeness. Do not substitute ion-exchange membrane.

Selected flow: Polymeric membrane-bioreactor cassette
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: dsd-shek-wu-hui-project

Reverse-osmosis membrane pressure-vessel module (`ro_module`)

Only actual desalination or reuse RO design; record membrane chemistry, active area, pressure-vessel inclusion and pressure/temperature/salinity test basis.

Selected flow: Reverse-osmosis membrane pressure-vessel module
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: wsd-desalination

Washed quartz filter sand of declared grading (`filter_sand`)

Only actual granular-bed initial fill; collect grade, cleanliness, moisture, bed depth and placed mass. A glass raw-material silica sand does not establish filtration-grade supply.

Selected flow: Washed quartz filter sand of declared grading
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: wsd-water-treatment

Graded anthracite filter medium (`filter_anthracite`)

Only actual filter-media initial fill, not combustion. Coal-washing factory product requires independently verified grading and downstream filter-media preparation before it can be selected for this row.

Selected flow: Graded anthracite filter medium
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: wsd-water-treatment

Granular activated-carbon filter medium (`gac_medium`)

Only actual initial adsorption bed; specify precursor, activation, grade, moisture and net fill mass. A complete carbon unit is not the loose medium. Granular adsorption beds are distinct from powdered activated-carbon dosing; EPA technology evidence does not prescribe a bed size or universal route.

Selected flow: Granular activated-carbon filter medium
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: epa-gac-treatment

Ultraviolet water-disinfection reactor assembly (`uv_unit`)

Only actual UV route; record lamp/reactor/ballast inclusion, installed channels and test flow/UV-transmittance. Chlorine disinfectant is not UV equipment.

Selected flow: Ultraviolet water-disinfection reactor assembly
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: dsd-sewage-overview-2017

Sewage-sludge dewatering filter-press assembly (`sludge_press`)

Conditional actual sludge-handling route; record included feed pump, plates/belt, frame and accepted duty; centrifuges need their own row.

Selected flow: Sewage-sludge dewatering filter-press assembly
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: dsd-sewage-overview-2017; wsd-shatin-project

Liquid chemical-dosing pump skid (`dosing_unit`)

Only actual dosing skid; record chemical compatibility, tanks/pumps/control inclusion. Separately counted liquid pumps must be outside this assembly.

Selected flow: Liquid chemical-dosing pump skid
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: wsd-water-treatment

Motor-control switchboard assembly (`switchboard`)

Actual fixed control/power cabinet; preserve voltage, circuits, enclosure and installed completeness; count cabinet copper separately only if not embodied in the purchased assembly.

Selected flow: Motor-control switchboard assembly
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: wsd-shatin-project

Low-voltage cable (`cable`)

Only actual CN factory-gate cable meeting GB/T 12706.1-2020 with matched voltage, conductor, insulation, sheath and core specification. Public Length property is retained; installed length and cuttings are measured, not rewritten as Mass. Cable alone excludes laying, losses and end of life.

Selected flow: Low-voltage cable 49101b44-20cc-46a0-adfb-af07e4cc8908
Flow property / unit: Length / m
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: wsd-shatin-project

Glass-fibre reinforced-polymer tank cover panel (`frp_cover`)

Only actual cover design; identify resin, reinforcement, panel section, fasteners and measured installed mass. Steel covers are distinct rows.

Selected flow: Glass-fibre reinforced-polymer tank cover panel
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_install
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Outputs

Waste flows

Discarded LDPE equipment-wrapping film (`ldpe_wrap`)

Only actual polymer-confirmed discarded wrapping; other packaging polymers, wooden crates and metal strapping are separate rows.

Selected flow: Discarded LDPE equipment-wrapping film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Sources: wsd-shatin-project

Process: Site equipment operation, construction water and direct releases (`utilities`)

Inputs

Product flows

Diesel (`diesel`)

Only actual distillation/refining supply compatible with the public production-mix gate; link actual delivery separately. Record fuel grade, bio/fossil fraction and batch net calorific value. Convert weighed fuel to MJ using measured/supplier-supported LHV; do not assume a density or LHV. Allocate across work packages; do not add generator electricity as another external input.

Selected flow: Diesel fbd79004-188c-47a4-900b-96005d994690
Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Alternating current (`cn_lv_electricity`)

Only actual CN customer-side supply below 1 kV matching this public identity. Preserve utility location, voltage and meter coverage; construction and pre-handover commissioning only.

Selected flow: Alternating current 50657322-939c-4829-a87b-47c093bfa6a7
Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: wsd-shatin-project

Alternating current (`cn_mv_electricity`)

Only actual CN customer-side supply at 1–35 kV matching this public identity; distinguish it from LV supply and do not duplicate transformer-side meters.

Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: wsd-shatin-project

Alternating current at declared nonmatching site or supply voltage (`other_electricity`)

Use a separately verified customer-side identity for geography/voltage not covered by the two CN identities. Never use a waste-incineration generation mix as general supply.

Selected flow: Alternating current at declared nonmatching site or supply voltage
Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: wsd-shatin-project

Tap water (`hk_tap_water`)

Only actual Hong Kong treated-water production/supply at water-treatment-plant gate, with separately verified real supply/transport link to the construction site. Do not use as generic site tap water or assume its secondary 1000 kg/m3 screening value is density. Supplied water is mutually exclusive with the generic supplied-water row for the same quantity.

Selected flow: Tap water 3a8411b6-e476-4f98-9d77-0d492661a07f
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water
Sources: wsd-shatin-project

Purchased construction water at declared site inlet (`other_supplied_water`)

Actual water for curing, batching, dust control, cleaning or tests whose location/gate is not established by the HK flow. Record source, quality and each use; do not count internal reuse as a new crossing.

Selected flow: Purchased construction water at declared site inlet
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water
Sources: epa-concrete-washout-2012; epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Hydraulic excavator manufacturing burden share (`excavator_manufacture`)

Only actual reusable excavator within declared capital-equipment coverage; quantify a dimensionless share of the same physical complete asset, supported by cumulative actual/supported lifetime activity. Its fuel is separate. If denominator is unknown, report an unresolved capital scenario rather than resetting full manufacture for each project.

Selected flow: Hydraulic excavator manufacturing burden share
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_temporary
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Elementary flows

river water (`river_intake`)

Only direct withdrawal from a river by this foreground during construction/commissioning; record actual country, source and intake meter. Not purchased supply, rainwater, reservoir supply or a scarcity-class surrogate.

Selected flow: river water 805a7346-1664-4483-afe3-4b224be5e361
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

ground water (`groundwater_intake`)

Only direct groundwater extraction, including actual dewatering, with aquifer/site and fate recorded. A dewatering quantity is not automatically consumed water; separate discharge and storage.

Selected flow: ground water 4f462198-40cd-4184-8733-86648a20dc3f
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Outputs

Elementary flows

carbon dioxide (fossil) (`fossil_co2`)

Only substantiated actual fossil CO2 release to air, unspecified subcompartment, within declared works. Use monitored gas or fuel/carbon/oxidation records; a fuel purchase alone is not an emission factor. Biogenic fraction is separate.

Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_release
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

nitrogen monoxide (`nitrogen_monoxide`)

Only independently speciated molecular NO, CAS 10102-43-9, actual air/unspecified immediate release. NOx reported as NO2-equivalent is not this molecular mass.

Selected flow: nitrogen monoxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-96ee-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_release
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

nitrogen dioxide (`nitrogen_dioxide`)

Only independently speciated molecular NO2, CAS 10102-44-0, actual air/unspecified immediate release. Do not reinterpret NOx-as-NO2 or N2O4 synonyms as molecular NO2 evidence.

Selected flow: nitrogen dioxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-96e5-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_release
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

particles (PM10) (`construction_pm10`)

Only independently evidenced actual immediate PM10 release to urban air close to ground, matching this public compartment. Ambient TSP concentration and captured dust are not emitted mass. Do not overlap other PM10-compartment rows or additional PM2.5 totals.

Selected flow: particles (PM10) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-91c0-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_release
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

particles (PM10) (`construction_pm10_nonurban`)

Only actual immediate PM10 emission to non-urban air or from a high stack, precisely matching the public combined compartment and the recorded site/release. Urban ground-level release is a separate row; no default dust factor or concentration-to-mass shortcut.

Selected flow: particles (PM10) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-91c1-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_release
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

particles (PM10) (`construction_pm10_unspecified`)

Only evidenced actual immediate PM10 emission whose chosen receiving-air subcompartment is explicitly unspecified and disclosed; do not replace a known urban/non-urban/high-stack compartment with this identity. Three PM10 rows are mutually exclusive for each actual release.

Selected flow: particles (PM10) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-91be-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_release
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Process: Water tests, route-specific commissioning and delivery trials (`commission`)

Inputs

Product flows

raw water (`reservoir_feed`)

Only reservoir surface water received at plant for actual water-treatment commissioning; not direct groundwater/river resource intake or saline feed. Record source and tested raw-water quality.

Selected flow: raw water 3c57c819-16f7-44b0-b1cd-da324f4c2dac
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: wsd-water-treatment

Aqueous aluminium-sulfate coagulant with declared concentration (`alum_solution`)

Only actual commissioning dose; distinguish aluminium sulfate from potassium alum and dry salt. Collect solution mass, hydrated-salt definition and certificate concentration; no default dose.

Selected flow: Aqueous aluminium-sulfate coagulant with declared concentration
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: wsd-water-treatment

Aqueous sodium-hypochlorite disinfectant with declared concentration (`hypochlorite_solution`)

Only actual test disinfection, including dechlorination records and fate. Record solution mass, available chlorine and NaOCl definition independently. Public purity≥10% candidate does not supply this solution-basis conversion.

Selected flow: Aqueous sodium-hypochlorite disinfectant with declared concentration
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: wsd-water-treatment; dsd-sewage-overview-2017

Aqueous sodium-bisulfite solution for test-water dechlorination (`bisulfite_solution`)

Only documented use of NaHSO3 solution, with concentration, dosing and residual chlorine results. Historical EPA wet-weather wastewater evidence supports the chemical option, not a mandatory construction test route, dose or current discharge approval; actual test-water use needs project records. Sodium sulfite, metabisulfite and hydrosulfide cannot substitute without actual chemistry and separately evidenced conversion.

Selected flow: Aqueous sodium-bisulfite solution for test-water dechlorination
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: epa-dechlorination-history-2003

Waste flows

Untreated municipal wastewater influent (`municipal_influent`)

Only actual untreated municipal sewage brought to plant inlet for pre-handover trials; record salinity, influent load and exact trial dates. Industrial-only effluent and sludge seed are separate identities. No sewage-treatment-service output replaces plant delivery.

Selected flow: Untreated municipal wastewater influent 41eb8873-6852-40fe-8b5d-b792fe4d4754
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: dsd-shek-wu-hui-project; dsd-sewage-overview-2017

Elementary flows

sea water (`sea_intake`)

Only actual direct seawater abstraction during a declared desalination commissioning route. Preserve public Mass/kg: weigh seawater or multiply metered volume by independently evidenced density at measured salinity/temperature. Keep the original m3 ledger; no density default. Imported saline water is technosphere supply, not this resource.

Selected flow: sea water 172a3db9-6556-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: wsd-desalination

Outputs

Waste flows

Commissioning effluent exported to external wastewater treatment (`trial_effluent`)

Only actual transferred liquid with composition, state and receiving facility; not a direct river/sea emission. Whole-liquid transfer includes contained constituents; do not also record them as foreground elementary release.

Selected flow: Commissioning effluent exported to external wastewater treatment
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: dsd-sewage-overview-2017

Dewatered sewage commissioning sludge (`trial_sludge`)

Only actual sewage-startup solids exported; record wet mass, dry solids, conditioning chemistry and actual destination. Water-treatment coagulation sludge and return activated sludge are distinct states.

Selected flow: Dewatered sewage commissioning sludge
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: dsd-sewage-overview-2017

Water-treatment commissioning coagulation sludge (`water_sludge`)

Only actual water-treatment clarification sludge; retain chemical formulation, water content and solids balance; no default residue rate.

Selected flow: Water-treatment commissioning coagulation sludge
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: wsd-water-treatment

Reverse-osmosis commissioning concentrate transferred for external treatment (`ro_concentrate`)

Only actual contained concentrate transfer; retain salinity, individual additives and destination. Direct sea discharge belongs in separate environmental rows; never use a seawater resource identity as output.

Selected flow: Reverse-osmosis commissioning concentrate transferred for external treatment
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: wsd-desalination

Elementary flows

Water (`freshwater_discharge`)

Only actual liquid water directly discharged into a freshwater receiver, CAS 7732-18-5. Separately quantify actual constituent emissions and receiving subcompartment; this identity is neither supplied water, resource withdrawal, vapor, sewer export nor marine discharge.

Selected flow: Water 5e50fc01-19c6-4377-a1cc-bc65a12498ea
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: epd-shek-wu-hui-2007; epa-concrete-washout-2012

methane (biogenic) (`methane_biogenic`)

Only substantiated actual biogenic methane release during biological/anaerobic commissioning, to air/unspecified, CAS 74-82-8; retain measured carbon origin and captured gas. No default wastewater emission from construction alone.

Selected flow: methane (biogenic) fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a8e8-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_release
Sources: dsd-sewage-overview-2017

nitrous oxide (`nitrous_oxide`)

Only actual independently measured biological-startup N2O release to urban air close to ground, CAS 10024-97-2, matching this public compartment. Other receiving-air locations require separate identity. NO and NO2 are different molecules.

Selected flow: nitrous oxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c5-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_release
Sources: dsd-sewage-overview-2017

Liquid water directly discharged to sea (`marine_water_discharge`)

Only actual measured direct marine liquid-water outfall during trials, with salinity and outlet evidence. Retain separate actual constituent emissions; freshwater Water UUID cannot be used.

Selected flow: Water 631ecf13-0e51-4e35-8235-c6f80c60d72c
Flow property / unit: Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66 / m3
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_trial
Sources: wsd-desalination

Process: Material deliveries and exported-waste transport (`transport`)

Inputs

Product flows

Road freight service for declared vehicle and shipment (`road_freight`)

Only actual delivery/export legs not included by another provider; record payload mass, route distance, empty returns and fuel basis. If foreground owns transport fuel and emissions, do not also count a fuel-inclusive freight service for the same leg.

Selected flow: Road freight service for declared vehicle and shipment
Flow property / unit: Mass*distance / tkm
Amount rule: Record the actual attributable quantity of this atomic exchange through its linked collection protocol; conversion and conservation conditions are in sections 4, 7 and 8.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_transport
Sources: wsd-shatin-project; epd-shek-wu-hui-2007

Process: Documented acceptance and complete entity handover (`handover`)

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted sewage or water treatment plant or sewer-system entity (`accepted_entity`)

Only one complete actually accepted entity with declared plant/system interfaces. A staged expansion reports the complete delivered new/altered stage and existing-asset interface, not an unbuilt future ultimate plant. Retain unsuccessful tests and repairs in construction activity.

Selected flow: Accepted sewage or water treatment plant or sewer-system entity
Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
Amount rule: 1 item
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_acceptance
Sources: un-cpc-treatment-2025; wsd-shatin-project; dsd-shek-wu-hui-project

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule
`separate_work`	all inventory rows	Avoid allocation by submetering and tracing actual work packages, delivered stage, existing operation and co-deliveries. A plant jointly treating sewage and supplying reclaimed water remains one construction entity unless separately accepted complete deliverables exist. No allocation by future lifetime water volumes without an evidenced service scenario.
`causal_shared_activity`	shared work packages	For inseparable shared construction, document beneficiaries and the causal physical driver from cp_acceptance, cp_energy and cp_transport. Shares are nonnegative and sum to one across that shared activity, with all attributable loads assigned once. Area or capacity is acceptable only if its causal relationship to that specific activity is demonstrated; money is not a substitute.
`reusable_asset_conservation`	temporary_sheet_pile; formwork_panel; excavator_manufacture	For the same asset, manufacturing-equivalent exchange equals documented physical asset quantity × attributable dimensionless fraction. Across all projects, periods and repeated uses cumulative fraction must not exceed one. Denominator/life/activity must be supported; unknown values remain an unresolved capital-equipment scenario, not a new full burden every project. Site fuel, actual maintenance and replacements are separate measured activities.
`waste_no_default_credit`	waste outputs	Record actual returned products, recycled scrap and exported waste with their state and destination. No automatic avoided-production, recovered-energy or sludge credit; any downstream extension must document provider boundary and allocation method and remain separate from this construction result.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
`cp_acceptance`	handover	accepted_entity; complete system configuration	acceptance_record	site; asset/stage identifier; accepted count; coordinates; boundaries; tank dimensions and volumes; building floor/site area; sewer length/diameters; installed train list; rated/accepted capacity and actual test duration; water quality; signed acceptance date	Survey as-built geometry; reconcile drawings, installed register and signed acceptance/performance tests of the same delivery. Fill actual installed configuration only; document absent tank/building/media/network fields as not_applicable with bounded interface evidence. Applicable unmeasured fields remain gaps. Test actual treatment, conveyance or disposal function as appropriate; never infer capacity from cost or geometry alone.	item; m; m2; m3; m3/day	each delivered stage	whole construction through accepted handover	declared complete plant or sewer system	per declared reference flow	survey records; signed test reports; scope/defect register
`cp_material`	ground; civil	separate purchased and installed materials	delivery_and_batch_record	work package; material and state; grade; batch; received/returned/installed/surplus quantities; wet and dry basis; density test; batch composition; source gate	Use calibrated weigh tickets and batch/placement records; volume-to-mass only with same-material batch density, grading/moisture and actual geometry. Reconcile rebar schedule and installed quantities.	kg; m3; m	each batch/delivery	whole declared construction	site and supplying gates	per declared reference flow	calibration; supplier certificates; as-built quantities; stock balance
`cp_install`	installation	individual fixed assembly, pipe or medium	installation_record	assembly identifier; technology; duty; supplier gate; material/formulation; dimensions; same-configuration measured net mass or length; gross receipts and opening stock; verified returns/transfers; closing usable stock; net consumption and separate installed accepted counts; damage/rejection-scrap and replacement links; initial media fill; inclusion of motor/frame/cable; acceptance	Reconcile receipts, stock, returns/transfers, equipment/BOM, acceptance and waste tickets. Derive attributable net consumption as gross receipts plus opening stock less verified returns/transfers and closing usable stock, including failed replacement units; keep installed quantity separate. Count-to-mass uses weighed/certified net mass of the same configuration, never guessed whole-plant mass; verified unconsumed returns are excluded.	kg; m; item	each assembly/lot	all delivered installation including replacements before handover	delivered installation boundary	per declared reference flow	supplier scope; weighing; installation inspection; test record
`cp_temporary`	ground; civil; utilities	reusable temporary assets and capital equipment	asset_activity_ledger	asset id; same configuration; manufacture coverage; actual mass/volume/count; project activity; cumulative lifetime activity evidence; prior/later attributed shares; repairs; receipts; unknown denominator	Retain actual physical presence separately from attributed manufacturing-equivalent quantity. Use logged service activity and documented lifetime/use denominator; reconcile each asset across projects without resetting. Measure panel area/thickness if volume-based.	kg; m3; item	each asset and use interval	whole work and cumulative asset ledger	all projects sharing the same physical asset	per declared reference flow	asset records; actual activity; supported denominator; cumulative share audit
`cp_energy`	utilities	each power supply and fuel batch	meter_and_fuel_record	source; region; voltage; meter start/end; work package; fuel grade and origin; weighed mass or metered volume; temperature/density; LHV; generator output; existing-plant service meter	Submeter construction and trial use; reconcile fuel tank balances and supported LHV. If volume is recorded, use batch-specific measured density first. Assign any shared utilities using logged causal activity rather than tariff.	MJ; kWh; kg; m3	each shift and meter period	construction and pre-handover trials only	customer-side supplies and actual equipment	per declared reference flow	calibrated meters; fuel certificates; logs; separate existing operations
`cp_water`	civil; utilities	source-specific construction water, dewatering and washout	water_balance_record	source and intake/supply gate; batch use; opening/closing storage; intake; purchased water; recycle; export; direct receiver; liquid volume; wet solids; salinity/temperature/density	Meter each crossing, distinguish internal reuse, and reconcile stock and actual water retained in concrete/soil. Document fate of dewatering and washout instead of assuming water consumption or river release.	m3; kg	each use/discharge and daily balance	all construction water activities	site, source and actual receiving interface	per declared reference flow	calibration; supply bills; sampling; containment and destination records
`cp_waste`	ground; civil; installation	one sorted waste and destination per record	waste_transfer_record	material/state; source work package; weigh tickets; water content; contamination; export quantity; carrier; receiving route; supplier returns; internal reuse	Measure each separated waste stream at actual dispatch; reconcile receipts, installed mass and surplus. Whole slurry and separated solids are mutually exclusive for the same fraction.	kg; m3	each transfer	all construction and pre-handover rework	actual dispatch and receiver	per declared reference flow	tickets; chain of custody; composition and receiving records
`cp_release`	utilities; commission	each molecular or size-specific external release	emission_measurement_record	source/equipment; activity period; chemical/CAS; fossil/biogenic origin; receiving compartment; sampled concentration; gas flow or flux area/time; capture; blanks; uncertainty; selected factor and conditions if used	Use site flux/stack/engine tests or independently evidenced activity-specific model/factor with units, conditions and control efficiency. Record unmeasured/missing releases as gaps, not zero. Ambient dust and noise readings cannot be relabelled emitted mass.	kg	each actual release/test period	only declared construction and trial activities	actual source and external receptor	per declared reference flow	instrument QA; speciation; method conditions; uncertainty; coverage register
`cp_trial`	commission	route-specific test water, chemicals and sewage	trial_and_sampling_record	trial gate dates; commissioned train; test duty/duration; inlet volume/quality/load; chemical formulation/concentration/mass; retained water; effluent outlet volume and individual composition; sludge wet/dry mass; RO salinity/temperature/density and concentrate fate	Record actual tests, failed tests and retests; pair metered inlet/outlet and laboratory certificates. Assign commissioning start/end independently from commercial service. Volume×concentration calculations use synchronized samples and real molecular basis.	m3; kg; m3/day	each test and sampled discharge	recorded pre-handover trial periods	actual tested trains and receiving gates	per declared reference flow	test protocol; calibrated meters; chemical certificate; laboratory reports; fate ledger
`cp_transport`	transport	one cargo and transport leg	shipment_record	cargo/state; source/destination gates; measured payload; actual distance; mode/vehicle; return load; carrier inclusion of fuel and empty returns	Reconcile shipment tickets and actual route logs; calculate tkm from payload tonnes and km per leg. Include only legs outside other provider boundaries.	tkm	each shipment/leg	all actual construction deliveries and exports	actual shipment gates	per declared reference flow	carrier record; route evidence; no overlapping provider/fuel accounting

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output
`project_basis`	all inventory rows	For one declared complete delivery, sum each attributable exchange over all work/test events, subtract documented returns and reconcile stock; report that total per declared reference flow. Multiple independently accepted entities require separately matched inventories; do not divide a larger plant into arbitrary equal items.	event quantities; return and stock ledger; cp_acceptance	attributed exchange per declared reference flow
`physical_mass_conversion`	material and installation quantities	Material kg = actual net consumed volume m3 × same-material batch density kg/m3, or actual net consumed count × same-configuration traceable net assembly mass kg/item. Reconcile consumption from receipts, opening stock, returns/transfers and closing usable stock under cp_material or cp_install, including pre-installation/pre-acceptance damage, rejected-and-scrapped units and replacement inputs. Keep accepted installed count separate; it is not the multiplier for all manufacturing inputs. Retain original quantities, conditions and uncertainty; no generic concrete, seawater or whole-plant density/mass.	cp_material; cp_install; cp_trial; geometry; measured density	kg per declared reference flow
`energy_conversion`	utilities	Electricity MJ = kWh × 3.6; fuel MJ = actual fuel kg × batch-specific LHV MJ/kg. For fuel-volume logs, first derive kg with same-batch measured density. Preserve public energy property and exclude generator output double counting.	cp_energy; verified unit definitions; fuel certificates	MJ per declared reference flow
`trial_constituent_mass`	direct liquid emissions	For each actual constituent, released kg = synchronized discharged m3 × measured concentration kg/m3 at the actual outfall, integrated over relevant intervals. mg/L converts to kg/m3 by 0.001 through SI definitions. Speciation, receptor and whole-liquid versus constituent accounting must be explicit; NOx-equivalent or COD is not molecular NO2 or an individual chemical.	cp_trial; sampled molecular concentrations; outlet volume	each evidenced constituent kg per declared reference flow
`asset_share`	temporary manufacturing burden	For each same-configuration asset, attributed manufacturing quantity = physical net quantity × verified activity fraction; sum fractions over all uses ≤ 1. Unknown lifetime denominator is not set to one; maintain independent reported capital sensitivity/review gap.	cp_temporary; actual physical quantities; cumulative share ledger	manufacturing-equivalent kg, m3 or item per declared reference flow
`water_and_material_balance`	construction and trials	Reconcile opening storage + actual entering water/material = closing storage + installed/retained amount + exported waste/product + actual environmental release, with measured/estimated losses separately disclosed. Internal transfers cancel; biological reactions use constituent-specific mass balances, not invented volume loss.	cp_material; cp_water; cp_trial; cp_waste	reconciled physical ledgers and disclosed residuals

Raw downloads

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pcr.en-US.md97 KB · 15b21e62970f…
manifest.yaml13 KB · 777998a7a37b…
pcr.zh-CN.md83 KB · 0ff4a1d90109…
structured.yaml129 KB · cf29adcae1d3…

Structured rule index

This index comes from verified structured.yaml and retains the canonical English rule text.

System boundary rules · 4

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`construction_delivery`	dataset	Collect actual site works and pre-handover commissioning through signed complete delivery. Upstream material/equipment manufacture and transport have separate provider gates; this site dataset is not automatically complete cradle-to-gate or whole life. Report unmatched upstream links explicitly.	wsd-shatin-project, dsd-shek-wu-hui-project, dsd-sewage-overview-2017
`route_completeness`	all inventory rows	Build the real as-built process/train and civil-package register before selecting flows. Sewer systems, sewage disposal, conventional purification, biological/MBR and desalination/reuse are not reduced to a building shell or one filter. Add each actual atomic flow omitted by the illustrative cards, including non-concrete structures, sewers/chambers, fittings, valves, joints, welding consumables, media, chemicals and actual waste. A missing identity does not excuse dropping a needed unit.	un-cpc-treatment-2025, wsd-water-treatment, dsd-shek-wu-hui-project, wsd-desalination
`test_operation_gate`	commission	Define actual trial dates, tested train/duty and acceptance contract. Include repairs/retests, initial media and first-fill installation. Exclude continuing existing-plant commercial operation and all post-handover service unless separately modelled. Split DBO construction from actual maintenance/renewal/removal and destinations; no assumed life or repeat rate.	dsd-sewage-overview-2017, wsd-desalination
`water_release_gate`	utilities; commission	Track supplied water, direct abstraction, dewatering, internal recycle, contained washout, external treatment and direct discharge separately. Direct releases require actual chemistry, compartment and measurement/model evidence. Assess and disclose construction noise/vibration, land disturbance, odors and unmeasured constituents; no invention of default emission mass from monitoring concentrations or dB. Direct marine outfall needs water and each actual constituent with marine-compatible identities.	epa-concrete-washout-2012, epd-shek-wu-hui-2007, wsd-desalination

Allocation rules · 4

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule
`separate_work`	all inventory rows	Avoid allocation by submetering and tracing actual work packages, delivered stage, existing operation and co-deliveries. A plant jointly treating sewage and supplying reclaimed water remains one construction entity unless separately accepted complete deliverables exist. No allocation by future lifetime water volumes without an evidenced service scenario.
`causal_shared_activity`	shared work packages	For inseparable shared construction, document beneficiaries and the causal physical driver from cp_acceptance, cp_energy and cp_transport. Shares are nonnegative and sum to one across that shared activity, with all attributable loads assigned once. Area or capacity is acceptable only if its causal relationship to that specific activity is demonstrated; money is not a substitute.
`reusable_asset_conservation`	temporary_sheet_pile; formwork_panel; excavator_manufacture	For the same asset, manufacturing-equivalent exchange equals documented physical asset quantity × attributable dimensionless fraction. Across all projects, periods and repeated uses cumulative fraction must not exceed one. Denominator/life/activity must be supported; unknown values remain an unresolved capital-equipment scenario, not a new full burden every project. Site fuel, actual maintenance and replacements are separate measured activities.
`waste_no_default_credit`	waste outputs	Record actual returned products, recycled scrap and exported waste with their state and destination. No automatic avoided-production, recovered-energy or sludge credit; any downstream extension must document provider boundary and allocation method and remain separate from this construction result.

Validation rules · 6

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`v_reference`	reference product	Require exactly one accepted_entity output with 1 item and the identical declared reference-product name; all rows/protocols use per declared reference flow. Require actual site, accepted stage and applicable measured geometry and treatment/conveyance/disposal functional tests. Check evidence-backed not_applicable for absent configuration fields; applicable unmeasured fields fail completeness. Do not invent a lifetime or kg-based plant.
`v_route`	all processes	Reject a whole-plant claim missing actual civil, installed process/E&M, hydraulic/interface and trial/handover work; require not-applicable reasons for absent units and separate atomic extension rows for every occurring unlisted exchange. Classify standalone long-distance water pipes/local water or sewer mains separately.	un-cpc-treatment-2025
`v_identity`	all inventory rows	Reject species, receiving medium, state, concentration, grade, reference-property or gate mismatch; keep exact unresolved rows and disclosure. A candidate reference UUID gap registered for accepted_entity does not prove method approval or usable provider links.
`v_water_emissions`	utilities; commission	Check fresh/saline withdrawal, supplied water, dewatering, export, storage, direct receptor and measured individual emissions without double counting; missing density/speciation/flow evidence stays unresolved. Ambient TSP/noise does not pass a molecular-emission check.	epa-concrete-washout-2012, epd-shek-wu-hui-2007
`v_allocation`	shared construction and reusable assets	Verify causal beneficiaries, nonnegative conserving shared fractions and cumulative same-asset manufacturing share ≤ 1 over all projects/periods. Require actual supported lifetime/activity evidence; unknown asset burdens remain review, never per-project reset.
`v_dataset_claim`	dataset	Report accepted inputs, checked and unchecked work packages, identity/data gaps and construction-only life-cycle coverage. Numerical consistency cannot establish scientific review, local compliance, completeness of linked cradle-to-gate providers or full-life approval.

Processes and inputs/outputs · 7

Process ID	Process name	Input flows	Output flows
`ground`	Site formation and temporary retaining works	2	1
`civil`	Foundations, water-retaining structures and ancillary buildings	8	4
`installation`	Plant pipework, fixed equipment and initial media installation	19	1
`utilities`	Site equipment operation, construction water and direct releases	9	6
`commission`	Water tests, route-specific commissioning and delivery trials	6	8
`transport`	Material deliveries and exported-waste transport	1	0
`handover`	Documented acceptance and complete entity handover	0	1

Complete field inspector

Loads this record’s complete manifest and structured projection on demand; values are never truncated. Requires JavaScript.

Sewage and water treatment plant and sewer-system construction delivery

Content languages

Readiness

Classification mapping

Source

1. Scope and Applicability

2. Product Category Identity

3. Reference Flow

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

Process: Site formation and temporary retaining works (ground)

Inputs

Product flows

Crushed rock for foundation subbase (subbase)

Reusable steel sheet pile (temporary_sheet_pile)

Outputs

Waste flows

Excavated mineral soil exported off site (excavated_soil)

Process: Foundations, water-retaining structures and ancillary buildings (civil)

Inputs

Product flows

Fresh ready-mixed hydraulic-cement concrete (ready_mix)

Portland cement powder for on-site concrete batching (batch_cement)

sand 0/2 (batch_sand)

Crushed coarse aggregate for on-site concrete batching (batch_stone)

Hot rolled rebar steel (reinforcing_bar)

Reusable plywood formwork panel with declared wood species and coating (formwork_panel)

PVC waterstop strip (waterstop)

Epoxy-resin tank lining formulation (epoxy_lining)

Outputs

Waste flows

Discarded hardened hydraulic-cement concrete (concrete_waste)

Hot-rolled alloy reinforcing-steel offcut for recycling (steel_offcut)

Contained alkaline concrete washout slurry water (washout_water)

Separated hardened concrete washout solids (washout_solids)

Process: Plant pipework, fixed equipment and initial media installation (installation)

Inputs

Product flows

Steel Pipe (steel_pipe)

Ductile-iron pressure pipe with declared lining (ductile_pipe)

Precast reinforced-concrete sewer pipe (concrete_sewer_pipe)

Pump (pump)

Mechanical bar-screen assembly for sewage (screen)

Clarifier sludge-scraper assembly (scraper)

Wastewater aeration blower assembly (blower)

Elastomer-membrane fine-bubble aeration diffuser (diffuser)

Polymeric membrane-bioreactor cassette (mbr_cassette)

Reverse-osmosis membrane pressure-vessel module (ro_module)

Washed quartz filter sand of declared grading (filter_sand)

Graded anthracite filter medium (filter_anthracite)

Granular activated-carbon filter medium (gac_medium)

Ultraviolet water-disinfection reactor assembly (uv_unit)

Sewage-sludge dewatering filter-press assembly (sludge_press)

Liquid chemical-dosing pump skid (dosing_unit)

Motor-control switchboard assembly (switchboard)

Low-voltage cable (cable)

Glass-fibre reinforced-polymer tank cover panel (frp_cover)

Outputs

Waste flows

Discarded LDPE equipment-wrapping film (ldpe_wrap)

Process: Site equipment operation, construction water and direct releases (utilities)

Inputs

Product flows

Diesel (diesel)

Alternating current (cn_lv_electricity)

Alternating current (cn_mv_electricity)

Alternating current at declared nonmatching site or supply voltage (other_electricity)

Tap water (hk_tap_water)

Purchased construction water at declared site inlet (other_supplied_water)

Hydraulic excavator manufacturing burden share (excavator_manufacture)

Elementary flows

river water (river_intake)

ground water (groundwater_intake)

Outputs

Elementary flows

carbon dioxide (fossil) (fossil_co2)

nitrogen monoxide (nitrogen_monoxide)

Process: Site formation and temporary retaining works (`ground`)

Crushed rock for foundation subbase (`subbase`)

Reusable steel sheet pile (`temporary_sheet_pile`)

Excavated mineral soil exported off site (`excavated_soil`)

Process: Foundations, water-retaining structures and ancillary buildings (`civil`)

Fresh ready-mixed hydraulic-cement concrete (`ready_mix`)

Portland cement powder for on-site concrete batching (`batch_cement`)

sand 0/2 (`batch_sand`)

Crushed coarse aggregate for on-site concrete batching (`batch_stone`)

Hot rolled rebar steel (`reinforcing_bar`)

Reusable plywood formwork panel with declared wood species and coating (`formwork_panel`)

PVC waterstop strip (`waterstop`)

Epoxy-resin tank lining formulation (`epoxy_lining`)

Discarded hardened hydraulic-cement concrete (`concrete_waste`)

Hot-rolled alloy reinforcing-steel offcut for recycling (`steel_offcut`)

Contained alkaline concrete washout slurry water (`washout_water`)

Separated hardened concrete washout solids (`washout_solids`)

Process: Plant pipework, fixed equipment and initial media installation (`installation`)

Steel Pipe (`steel_pipe`)

Ductile-iron pressure pipe with declared lining (`ductile_pipe`)

Precast reinforced-concrete sewer pipe (`concrete_sewer_pipe`)

Pump (`pump`)

Mechanical bar-screen assembly for sewage (`screen`)

Clarifier sludge-scraper assembly (`scraper`)

Wastewater aeration blower assembly (`blower`)

Elastomer-membrane fine-bubble aeration diffuser (`diffuser`)

Polymeric membrane-bioreactor cassette (`mbr_cassette`)

Reverse-osmosis membrane pressure-vessel module (`ro_module`)

Washed quartz filter sand of declared grading (`filter_sand`)

Graded anthracite filter medium (`filter_anthracite`)

Granular activated-carbon filter medium (`gac_medium`)

Ultraviolet water-disinfection reactor assembly (`uv_unit`)

Sewage-sludge dewatering filter-press assembly (`sludge_press`)

Liquid chemical-dosing pump skid (`dosing_unit`)

Motor-control switchboard assembly (`switchboard`)

Low-voltage cable (`cable`)

Glass-fibre reinforced-polymer tank cover panel (`frp_cover`)

Discarded LDPE equipment-wrapping film (`ldpe_wrap`)

Process: Site equipment operation, construction water and direct releases (`utilities`)

Diesel (`diesel`)

Alternating current (`cn_lv_electricity`)

Alternating current (`cn_mv_electricity`)

Alternating current at declared nonmatching site or supply voltage (`other_electricity`)

Tap water (`hk_tap_water`)

Purchased construction water at declared site inlet (`other_supplied_water`)

Hydraulic excavator manufacturing burden share (`excavator_manufacture`)

river water (`river_intake`)

ground water (`groundwater_intake`)

carbon dioxide (fossil) (`fossil_co2`)

nitrogen monoxide (`nitrogen_monoxide`)

nitrogen dioxide (`nitrogen_dioxide`)

particles (PM10) (`construction_pm10`)

particles (PM10) (`construction_pm10_nonurban`)

particles (PM10) (`construction_pm10_unspecified`)

Process: Water tests, route-specific commissioning and delivery trials (`commission`)

raw water (`reservoir_feed`)

Aqueous aluminium-sulfate coagulant with declared concentration (`alum_solution`)

Aqueous sodium-hypochlorite disinfectant with declared concentration (`hypochlorite_solution`)

Aqueous sodium-bisulfite solution for test-water dechlorination (`bisulfite_solution`)

Untreated municipal wastewater influent (`municipal_influent`)

sea water (`sea_intake`)

Commissioning effluent exported to external wastewater treatment (`trial_effluent`)

Dewatered sewage commissioning sludge (`trial_sludge`)

Water-treatment commissioning coagulation sludge (`water_sludge`)

Reverse-osmosis commissioning concentrate transferred for external treatment (`ro_concentrate`)

Water (`freshwater_discharge`)

methane (biogenic) (`methane_biogenic`)

nitrous oxide (`nitrous_oxide`)

Liquid water directly discharged to sea (`marine_water_discharge`)

Process: Material deliveries and exported-waste transport (`transport`)

Road freight service for declared vehicle and shipment (`road_freight`)

Process: Documented acceptance and complete entity handover (`handover`)

Accepted sewage or water treatment plant or sewer-system entity (`accepted_entity`)