Raw hides and skins of bovine animals

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers fresh or preserved but untanned raw hides/skins from bovine class 0211, including cattle, buffalo and other bovines, at the actual declared farm-slaughter, recovery, slaughterhouse or curing-plant handover. Record bovine species, meat/dairy/draught/mixed animal history, slaughter or lawful fallen-animal recovery, grade, fresh/wet-salted/dry-salted/air-dried/brine-cured state, moisture, salt and gate. A fallen-animal route is not a fictitious meat co-product. Exclude other species, tanned/further-prepared leather and downstream freight. UN CPC 3.0, FAO hides and skins and FAO hide definitions support this boundary.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.live-animals-and-animal-products-excluding-meat.raw-hides-and-skins-of-bovine-animals
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 02951
covered_products	Fresh or preserved untanned bovine raw hides and skins of class 0211.
excluded_products	Non-bovine skins; tanned or further-prepared leather; isolated hair; post-gate transport.
representative_product	Accepted bovine raw hide, weighed net in as-sold state at its actual handover gate.
production_route	Animal husbandry and slaughter with independent flaying, or lawful fallen-animal recovery; actual first cleaning, grading, optional preservation and declared handover.
market_state	Declared fresh or preserved raw state with grade, moisture and salt/brine recorded.

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Accepted bovine raw hide at its actual declared handover gate.
How much	1 kg net as-sold raw hide, excluding package tare and separable brine/salt.
How well	Species, animal purpose, source route/legal status, grade, state, moisture/salt and gate known.
How long or cycle	Source animal phases through removal and actual declared handover; shared service periods attributed once.
reference_flow_link	final_hide

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Bovine raw hide, state- and gate-qualified
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Mass units 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	bovine species; meat/dairy/draught/mixed source; slaughter or legal fallen recovery; grade; fresh/wet-salted/dry-salted/air-dried/brine-cured; moisture and salt/brine; actual handover gate; lot; net and tare

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
m_net	final lot	Mass	kg	Subtract package tare and separable free brine/salt; retain measured incorporated moisture and salt in as-sold mass.
m_state	fresh versus preserved	Mass and moisture	kg;kg/kg	Measure pre/post mass, moisture and salt/brine; use no universal fresh-to-cured conversion.
m_grade	graded lot	Mass	kg	Reconcile accepted, downgraded, rejected, trims and measured loss.
m_period	source animal and shared plant	Service time	period	Link dairy, draught, growth, terminal and plant service phases to actual periods exactly once.
inventory_reference_normalization	all inventory rows	Actual flow property	exchange unit per reference flow	The inventory and collection aggregation fields below express final amounts per declared reference flow. Keep all raw collection records, original denominator qualifiers, route/period strata, unit conversions and allocation requirements. For each flow, first obtain its attributable amount in its own numerator unit using the existing rules; then divide by the measured accepted reference-output quantity of the same scope and multiply by the declared reference quantity. Do not mix species, states, gates or incompatible routes; count transfers and shared burdens once. A missing, zero or untraceable accepted-output denominator is a blocking data-quality issue. Keep provisional QA ranges on their explicitly stated bases; they are not conversion factors or production defaults. These are final foreground-package contributions, not replacements for stage quantitative references or stage-native unit-process datasets. Retain stage records separately. Compute normalized amount = attributable raw amount * declared reference quantity / measured accepted final reference-output quantity. Apply normalization exactly once.
stage_throughput_linkage	stage records and final package contributions	Actual flow property and its stated raw basis	retain native numerator and stage denominator units	Keep the original lot, event, cohort, period and stage denominators with their units. Reconstruct the attributable numerator A with measured stage quantity Q_stage and documented attribution before final normalization. If a quoted amount a_B corresponds to an explicit stage basis B_stage (for example, 1000 kg), use A = a_B * Q_stage / B_stage. If r_stage is already an intensity in exchange-unit per stage-unit, instead use A = r_stage * Q_stage, with no second division by B_stage. A raw attributable total is used directly. Final contribution = A * declared reference quantity / measured accepted final output. Convert compatible units explicitly and apply each attribution/allocation share exactly once; never treat a quoted amount or intensity as a raw total. Link stage transfers, losses, rejects, stocks, shared services and allocation to the same actual route, period and final-output stratum. For a 1000 kg basis retain 1000 kg explicitly. Do not assume unit yield, equal fresh/dried mass, equal head mass, equal dose quality or interchangeable gates. Missing links, unsupported unit conversion, zero denominators and untraceable allocation block dataset production. Stage-native datasets retain their own stage reference; package contributions are a separate projection.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Identified bovine animal system and slaughter event, or legally documented fallen-animal recovery event.
starting_condition_role	Animal and terminal treatment burdens linked upstream; purchased water, energy, salt and package enter as Product inputs.
product_classification_scope	Bovine class 0211 raw hides, fresh or preserved but not further prepared.
recursive_input_rule	Bought-in raw bovine hides retain upstream burden; do not report them again as newly flayed output.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Source meat/dairy/draught/mixed production and terminal slaughter/recovery datasets with included operations documented; exclude upstream flaying service when the same operation is modelled by the foreground removal node. No zero-burden or all-burden default.
disclosure	Species, animal purpose/phases, source route, legal recovery status, grade, state, mass, allocation and gate.

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
b_source	animal origin	Trace actual meat/dairy/draught/mixed animal system and slaughter, or lawful fallen-animal recovery with no invented meat output; distinguish source periods.	fao-hides;fao-statistics
b_remove	raw removal	Flaying is independent of rearing/slaughter or recovery; record raw hide, attached matter, incidental loss and first-conditioning handoff. Do not count the same flaying service embedded in an upstream slaughter dataset again.	fao-hides
b_prepare	cleaning and grading	Include first fleshing/cleaning/trimming as performed; separate accepted, independently marketable downgraded and rejected/waste states and destinations.	fao-hides
b_preserve	optional preservation	Include only performed chilling, drying, salting or brining, with input salt/water/energy, residual brine and moisture loss; no tanning, liming or dehairing.	fao-hides;unido-leather
b_gate	packing and handover	Include protective packing and shared site services to the actual declared handover; do not invent plant operations for farm-slaughter or recovery-gate sales. Exclude later freight and tanning.	fao-hides

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
remove	Independent hide removal	required	Slaughter or lawful recovery route	Source animal/carcass to raw removed hide, incidental and rejects	kg raw hide/event
prepare	First cleaning and trimming	conditional	Only where performed before declared gate	Raw to prepared untanned hide, trims and rejects	kg raw hide input
grade	Quality grading	conditional	Where grade sorting is performed before declared gate	Prepared hide to accepted, marketable downgrade or rejected destination	kg prepared hide input
preserve	Conditional preservation	conditional	Only preserved lots	Accepted fresh hide to actual stabilized state; salt, moisture and residue explicit	kg hide input
handover	Protective packing and actual-gate handover	required	Every accepted lot	Exactly one fresh or preserved net hide output at its actual declared gate	kg net as-sold hide

Flaying is a separate removal handoff after the animal source event. A lawful fallen-animal branch carries actual recovery burdens but no invented carcass/meat co-product. Shared flaying equipment, cleaning plant, curing space and reusable packages must have one measured service driver over actual consuming nodes and periods.

Process: Independent hide removal (remove)

Inputs

Product flows

Source bovine or slaughter carcass (source_bovine)

Use only the slaughter branch and actual meat, dairy, draught or mixed animal history and terminal event. The separate fallen-animal Waste input card applies only if local law and operation make the recovered material Waste; a recovered Product requires its own verified Product identity before exchange generation.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg raw hide removed

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Recorded event input with animal-system burden and co-products linked once. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Source bovine material, route- and legal-role-qualified (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_source
• Range: Provisional event-balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: source material per kg raw hide; not an animal-yield default
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Lawfully recovered fallen-bovine source (fallen_source)

Use only when the actual legal status of fallen material is Waste and hide recovery is permitted. Record prior animal burden and terminal handling; never invent meat/offal handovers. Product-status recovery needs a separate verified Product card in the concrete foreground package, not this Waste identity.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg raw hide recovered

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh recovered material by event and record legal status. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Fallen bovine recovery material, legal Waste role (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_source
• Range: Provisional recovery balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: fallen material per kg raw hide; no default recovery yield
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Fresh removed raw hide (raw_removed)

Weigh raw hide at removal handoff, not at final plant gate.

Denominator and scope requirements：per source event

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Net removal weight by animal/event. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Fresh removed bovine hide, source-gate-qualified (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_source
• Range: Provisional lot-size screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000000
  • Unit: kg/event
  • Basis: weighed raw hide per source event
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Attached matter and rejected tissue (remove_residue)

Segregate incidental flesh and rejected material by destination; independently sold offal is not waste.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg raw hide removed

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh material sent to handler. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Removal residue, composition- and destination-specific (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue
• Range: Provisional residue screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: residue per kg raw removed hide
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: First cleaning and trimming (prepare)

Inputs

Product flows

Raw hide received (prepare_input)

Carry source burden from removal or bought-in hide once.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg prepared hide

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Net receipt mass. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Raw bovine hide at conditioning receipt (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_prepare
• Range: Provisional conditioning balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: raw input per kg prepared hide
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Cleaning water (prepare_water)

Record only if first cleaning actually uses supplied water.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg prepared hide

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Metered lot use. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Supplied process water (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Range: Provisional water screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: water per kg prepared hide, zero if unused
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared untanned hide (prepared_hide)

Transfer cleaned/trimmed raw hide to grading; do not include tanning chemistry.

Denominator and scope requirements：per preparation lot

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh lot output. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: First-conditioned bovine raw hide (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_prepare
• Range: Provisional lot-size screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000000
  • Unit: kg/lot
  • Basis: prepared hide per lot
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Fleshing and trim residue (prepare_trim)

Separate waste trims from independently marketed animal products.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg prepared hide

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weighed trim to handler. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Bovine fleshing residue, destination-specific (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue
• Range: Provisional trim screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: trim waste per kg prepared hide
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Quality grading (grade)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared hide to grading (grade_input)

Measure the first-conditioned incoming state.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg accepted and downgraded saleable hide

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh input lot. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Prepared bovine raw hide for grading (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_grade
• Range: Provisional grading balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: input per kg saleable grade
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted hide grade (grade_accepted)

Hand accepted grade to fresh packing or preservation.

Denominator and scope requirements：per grading lot

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh accepted mass and grade. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Accepted graded bovine raw hide (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_grade
• Range: Provisional grade output screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000000
  • Unit: kg/lot
  • Basis: accepted grade per lot
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Independently sold downgrade (grade_downgraded)

Treat as Product only where separately marketed with a handover; otherwise reclassify by actual waste destination.

Denominator and scope requirements：per grading lot

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh separately sold downgrade. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Downgraded bovine raw hide, grade-specific (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_grade
• Range: Provisional downgrade screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000000
  • Unit: kg/lot
  • Basis: separately marketed downgrade per lot
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Rejected hide (grade_reject)

Record unmarketable contamination/damage by handler; not a downgraded sale.

Denominator and scope requirements：per grading lot

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh rejected lot. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Rejected bovine hide, destination-specific (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue
• Range: Provisional rejection screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000000
  • Unit: kg/lot
  • Basis: rejected mass per lot
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Conditional preservation (preserve)

Inputs

Product flows

Graded hide before preservation (preserve_input)

Fresh sale bypasses this node; record moisture and incoming mass when it is used.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg preserved hide

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh input. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Accepted fresh bovine raw hide for preservation (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_preserve
• Range: Provisional preservation balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: incoming fresh hide per kg preserved hide; not a conversion factor
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Electricity at the equipment supply point (preserve_energy_electricity)

Collection scope and applicability for preserve_energy. The following concrete identities have separate cards and apply only when use or generation is evidenced inside the original process scope. They are not mandatory inputs or a default recipe. Document non-use; missing records are not zero. Add a separate concrete card for any other actual material instead of substituting one of these names or UUIDs. Preserve attribution and boundaries and avoid double counting components included in outsourced services.

Record actual carrier for powered drying/chilling; do not invent electricity for ambient curing. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg preserved hide Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Metered or invoice energy attributed once. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the product UUID does not establish actual use or upstream-provider compatibility. Retain the electricity supply point, fuel grade, density and heating-value basis. Distinguish purchased heat from on-site fuel conversion without counting its input fuel again.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 455f0ef5-6118-4f2b-a3f5-1f75e0afe3ca
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_utilities and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities
• Sources: fao-agricultural-energy

This binding is alternating current at the use point with supply technology, voltage and provider unspecified. Confirm actual AC supply; DC requires a different identity. The database reference is 1 MJ: preserve meter kWh and convert once using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ when linking reference quantities. Internal generation links to its foreground generator, without an additional purchased-electricity burden.

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Stabilized raw hide (preserve_output)

One actual preserved state, with measured mass, moisture and salt content, passes to packing.

Denominator and scope requirements：per preservation lot

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh stabilized net mass. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Preserved untanned bovine hide, state-specific (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_preserve
• Range: Provisional preserved-output screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000000
  • Unit: kg/lot
  • Basis: measured preserved hide per lot
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Spent cure and rejected hides (preserve_residue)

Separate solid salt, spent brine and rejected hide by composition/destination; evaporated water is a measured loss, not waste Product.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg preserved hide

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh residue sent to handler. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Preservation residue, composition-specific (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue
• Range: Provisional residue screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: spent cure/reject per kg preserved hide
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Protective packing and plant handover (handover)

Inputs

Product flows

Fresh or preserved accepted hide (handover_input)

Bring exactly one state from removal, first conditioning, grading or preservation, according to actual route and gate; do not count two final states for the same lot.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg final hide

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Net received mass. Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

• Selected flow: Accepted bovine raw hide before handover, state-specific (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_handover
• Range: Provisional receipt balance screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: hide receipt per kg final net hide
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Bovine raw hide at actual handover (final_hide)

Record the one accepted fresh or preserved raw bovine-hide output at the actual declared farm-slaughter, recovery, slaughterhouse or curing-plant gate. Sale state and gate are mutually exclusive lot qualifiers; do not emit a second final output for an alternative state or gate. A narrower gate identity cannot represent this broad card.

Raw reference-output records: Weigh net as-sold hide at actual handover, excluding package tare and separable free brine/salt. Preserve the measured accepted lot quantity and every required qualifier. The amount below is the normalized reference exchange, not an assertion that a physical lot contains only one unit.

Denominator and scope requirements：per reference flow

• Selected flow: Bovine raw hide, state- and gate-qualified
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_handover
• Range: Reference identity screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: exactly 1 kg reference product per kg reference, by definition
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
a_animal	slaughter-linked route	Enumerate actual intended outputs and handovers: milk in dairy phases, draught service where delivered, meat/carcass and edible offal at slaughter, hide at removal. Prefer phase subdivision and measured causal attribution; otherwise disclose evidenced physical/economic allocation across intended outputs. Neither zero hide burden nor all animal burden to one hide is default.	fao-hides
a_fallen	lawful fallen recovery	Document carcass Product/Waste legal role, upstream burden and terminal handling; no invented slaughter meat. Attribute recovery service and source burden by explicit recorded decision.	fao-statistics
a_grade	grade and preservation	Accepted and independently sold downgraded grades have distinct handovers. Rejects and residues are waste unless marketed. Reconcile moisture/salt changes before comparing saleable masses.	fao-hides
a_period	animal phases and plant	Record growth, dairy, draught and terminal phases, replacement/termination, and shared flaying/cleaning/curing/packing services by consumer and service period; charge each once using measured throughput, time or other evidenced driver.	fao-hides

Concrete cards do not inherit numerical ranges from the former aggregate card. Determine quantities from original records, stock/meter reconciliation and the declared reference flow; no default quantity or numeric screen is supplied without evidence matching the identity, unit, period and boundary. Missing range evidence is a quality disclosure, not zero use or proof of completeness.

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_residual_precedence	remaining common burden with no specified primary branch	Resolve any study-specific joint-product instruction in this PCR that has no specified primary branch using this precedence; retain an already explicitly prescribed category-specific primary method. First directly assign separable output-specific activities. For the remaining common burden B, use a physical driver d_i only when measured operation or biological-service records demonstrate the causal consumption represented by that driver. A product being weighable, valuable or lower grade alone is insufficient; do not switch arbitrarily between area, time, mass and revenue. For comparable grades receiving the same common handling, measured processed mass is applicable only with the same service demand, state and moisture basis demonstrated. Share a_i=d_i/sum(d_j); B_i=Ba_i. If no defensible causal physical driver exists for that common operation, use gate- and period-matched economic shares a_i=(q_ip_i)/sum(q_j*p_j), with the complete independently intended output set, compatible quantity/price units, currency, representative prices and values before output-specific downstream processing. Missing price or denominator evidence makes the allocated result incomplete, not a zero-priced product or a single-output system. Report shares summing to one and sensitivity to a material alternative; an alternative is not an interchangeable primary result. Waste, retained residues and internal transfers receive no co-product share, while their attributable production/handling burdens remain with the producing saleable route. Retain unallocated physical quantities and mass balances separately. This branch gives no automatic substitution credit; any separately scoped substitution analysis retains the gross inventory and its actual displaced-function evidence.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Specific input identification before dataset completion

Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.

requirement_id	collection_protocol_id	Preserved collection scope
preserve_salt_specific_input	cp_preserve	Operation preserve: Record actual composition, salt concentration, issued and free/returned amount only on applicable route. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg preserved hide Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Issued less return and stock change. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
handover_package_specific_input	cp_handover	Operation handover: Record actual wrap/pallet/container function, mass and reuse; packaging is not product mass. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg final hide Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Package issue less returns over measured reuse. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_source	remove	source event and outputs	animal/slaughter/recovery ledger	species, animal ID, meat/dairy/draught phases, terminal event, legal role, output masses	supplier ledger and scale; Raw aggregation requirements: link outputs/burdens once. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again.	kg;period	each event	attributed animal service and terminal event	actual source	per reference flow	animal ledger, permit and ticket; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
cp_prepare	prepare	raw and prepared hide	batch log	receipt, water, cleaning, trim, prepared mass	scale and meter; Raw aggregation requirements: balance by batch. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again.	kg	each batch	all batches	actual plant	per reference flow	scales and receiving slips; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
cp_grade	grade	grades and rejects	grade log	incoming, accepted, downgraded, rejected, buyer/disposal	scale and grade ticket; Raw aggregation requirements: balance by grade/destination. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again.	kg	each lot	all lots	actual plant	per reference flow	specification and sales/disposal; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
cp_preserve	preserve	state conversion	cure log	initial/final mass, moisture, salt/brine, time, energy, residue	scale, recipe, meter, test; Raw aggregation requirements: batch state balance. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. preserve_salt_specific_input: Operation preserve: Record actual composition, salt concentration, issued and free/returned amount only on applicable route. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg preserved hide Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Issued less return and stock change. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kg;kWh	each performed route	preserved lots	actual plant	per reference flow	recipe, lab and meters; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
cp_utilities	prepare;preserve;handover	water, energy and shared asset	meter/asset log	carrier, amount, node, period, driver	meters and invoices; Raw aggregation requirements: allocate once. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again.	kg;kWh;h	service period	all foreground periods	actual consumers	per reference flow	calibration and worksheet; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
cp_handover	handover	net product and package	dispatch log	source lot, state, grade, gross/tare/net, free salt/brine, package reuse, gate	scale and dispatch note; Raw aggregation requirements: sum net mass by state/grade. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. handover_package_specific_input: Operation handover: Record actual wrap/pallet/container function, mass and reuse; packaging is not product mass. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg final hide Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Package issue less returns over measured reuse. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kg	each lot	all sale lots	actual declared handover gate	per reference flow	calibration and dispatch; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
cp_residue	remove;prepare;grade;preserve;handover	waste and residues	disposal log	composition, mass, reason, destination	scale and handler receipt; Raw aggregation requirements: sum each destination once. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. handover_pack_waste_specific_output: Only single-use or damaged material discarded before gate is waste; reusable returns remain stock. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg final hide Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Weigh discard to handler. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. This is a mandatory specific-output collection requirement, not a selected exchange. Preserve every actual waste, residue, reject and co-product from this operation. Create separate cards for physically distinct streams with actual material, composition/state, quantity, receiving route and Product/Waste role before dataset completeness; verify a compatible UUID or explicitly retain its unresolved identity. A genuinely mixed stream may remain one physically defined mixture supported by composition records; never invent separation or count its components again. Keep liquid and solid treatment quantities separate. Preserve original period, output balance, reference normalization and allocation rules; missing records do not establish zero or exclusion.	kg	each event	all relevant periods	actual node	per reference flow	disposal ticket; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
c_net	sold lot	net hide = gross mass minus package tare minus separable salt/free brine; incorporated moisture/salt remains in declared state	cp_handover;cp_preserve	kg net hide	fao-hides
c_balance	physical nodes	measured input plus incorporated cure = accepted plus downgrade plus rejects/residue plus measured moisture loss and inventory change; report residual	cp_source;cp_prepare;cp_grade;cp_preserve	kg residual	fao-hides
c_state	state comparison	dry hide solids = measured net mass × measured dry fraction, with salt solids separate; no universal state conversion	cp_preserve	kg dry hide solids	fao-hides
c_attribution	source/asset	attributable input per kg = measured input × documented output share × documented period/service share ÷ net sold hide; never apply a share twice	cp_source;cp_utilities;cp_handover	per kg hide

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
q_source	all lots	Trace species 0211, animal purpose and phases, actual slaughter or legal fallen recovery, grade and actual handover gate.	ledger and permit
q_mass	all lots	Calibrated gross/tare, grade, moisture and salt balance with reported residual.	scale, lab and batch balance
q_shared	source and plant	Record animal phases, shared consumers, service periods, replacement and termination without duplicate burdens.	phase and asset ledger
q_uuid	all exchange cards	Verify concrete flow identity, role, state, gate and property before final data package; expand conditional flow identities only with foreground evidence.	resolution log

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
v_scope	reference	Reject non-bovine, tanned/further-prepared, unknown state, undeclared actual gate or missing net Mass basis.	un-cpc-3
v_route	source	Slaughter branch requires actual animal-system output allocation; legal fallen branch requires recovery evidence and no fictional meat output.	fao-statistics;fao-hides
v_balance	all lots	Reconcile removal, preparation, grades, preservation and final mass, with trims, salt/brine and moisture loss; investigate residual by site tolerance.	fao-hides
v_attribution	animal and shared assets	Reject duplicated animal phases or plant service periods and missing output handovers or attribution decisions.	fao-hides
v_binding	all cards	Resolve the broad final output to one concrete Product UUID only after actual state, gate and Mass are evidenced; no narrower plant flow can be imposed on every lot. All other concrete UUIDs and set members require independent verification before exchange generation.
v_foreground_emission_responsibility	Actual operated nodes and linked services	Record responsibility for on-site fuel combustion and refrigerant leakage when applicable: either quantified foreground emissions or a named linked process explicitly covering them, never merely a fuel-supply or electricity-production input. Assess special-taxon biological and residue emissions using species/route evidence, without a generic livestock factor. Identify any unresolved pathway and withhold a completeness claim; document supported absence and prevent duplicate upstream/downstream accounting.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Route-, species-, grade-, state- and actual-gate-qualified foreground dataset for raw bovine hide.
downstream_use	Candidate secondary_dataset or background_dataset after exchange resolution, review and publication.
allowed_use	Like-state and like-gate comparison or measured dry-solids conversion with disclosure.
excluded_use	Non-bovine/tanned hides, zero-burden hide default, universal state conversion, plant UUID reuse at other gates, downstream freight.
required_metadata	Species, animal purpose/phases, source route/legal status, outputs and allocation, grade, state, moisture/salt, net mass, actual gate and periods.
required_quality_disclosure	Animal-output and shared-service attribution, mass/grade balance, cure inputs/residues and unresolved identities.
update_trigger	New verified flow identity, route, gate, preservation or measured allocation evidence.

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3	official_guidance	UN CPC 3.0 explanatory notes	Class 0211 and 02951 raw-hide identity.
fao-hides	official_guidance	FAO, Hides and Skins	Flaying, first treatment, grade and preservation route.
fao-statistics	official_guidance	FAO, hide/skin production definitions	Slaughter and fallen-animal source distinction.
unido-leather	official_guidance	UNIDO sustainable leather framework	Raw-hide versus later leather-processing boundary.
fao-agricultural-energy	official_guidance	FAO Energy demand and consumption in African agriculture, Annex C case-study results, https://www.fao.org/4/v9766e/v9766e08.htm	conditional concrete identities and method context; does not establish site use or quantities
ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011	standard	WRI/WBCSD, Product Life Cycle Accounting and Reporting Standard (2011), Chapter 9, https://ghgprotocol.org/sites/default/files/standards/Product-Life-Cycle-Accounting-Reporting-Standard_041613.pdf	General allocation hierarchy and comparable-gate economic basis. Applicability conditions and the explicit residual branch are this PCR's method convention; no product-specific causal coefficient, price or output quantity is prescribed by this source.