Uncoated virgin chemical-pulp printing and writing paper from non-integrated mills

Lifecycle status: Candidate
Content maturity: Authored methodology
Current version: 0.1.0Last updated2026-10-13
Readiness: Review required

Methodology and translation states come from the source record; publishing this website does not change their review status.

Content languages

zh-CN · Aligned

Status, classification and source details

Readiness

Warnings methodology_not_reviewed Authored methodology is candidate guidance and still requires methodology review.

Classification mapping

CPC 3.0:32129 · narrower

Source

library/pcrs/other-transportable-goods-except-metal-products-machinery-and-equipment/pulp-paper-and-paper-products-printed-matter-and-related-articles/other-uncoated-graphic-paper-and-paperboard-wood-freesha256:3ac3695a9a53…

1. Scope and Applicability

This method covers non-integrated mills making, accepting and delivering unprinted uncoated printing/writing paper from purchased bleached virgin non-dissolving chemical wood pulp, in reels or cut sheets. Wet-end filling, actual internal sizing, non-pigmented starch surface sizing, after-drying, calendering, mill cutting and packaging are included. The representative product is ordinary non-laminated Munken Pure printing paper made at Munkedal; footnoted laminated catalogue variants are excluded. The originals establish an uncoated woodfree product in reels/sheets and an external-pulp mill route. [arctic-munken-pure-specification; arctic-munkedal-emas-2024]

Wood-free is a papermaking term, not an absence of wood fibres. The JRC glossary allows a small non-chemical-pulp share in the wider woodfree class. This method deliberately covers the narrower virgin chemical-pulp route with no intentional mechanical, semi-chemical, CTMP or post-consumer recovered-pulp input, apart from same-grade internal broke return. Each lot must establish kraft (sulphate) or sulphite pulping, hardwood/softwood and actual species, and bleaching route. Woodfree alone proves neither a kraft furnish nor an absence of wood. Public producer originals do not disclose the specific Munken Pure furnish recipe; no proportions are assumed. [jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015]

Exclude pigmented coated printing paper, newsprint, photosensitive/thermal/electrosensitive base paper, wallpaper base, dedicated kraft packaging paper, paperboard, laminated board, integrated pulp manufacture, and finished printing, ink, binding or book content. Suitability for offset printing does not put printing inside paper manufacture. Collect grades, pulp routes, surface treatments and delivery forms separately; a classification label cannot substitute for applicability.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.other-transportable-goods-except-metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.pulp-paper-and-paper-products-printed-matter-and-related-articles.other-uncoated-graphic-paper-and-paperboard-wood-free
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 32129; narrower; scope and accepted decisions: `classifications/mappings/cpc-3.0-to-pcr.yaml` and its referenced ADRs
covered_products	Bleached virgin chemical wood-pulp uncoated printing/writing paper; non-pigmented surface sizing; reels or cut sheets; non-integrated mill
excluded_products	Mechanical/recovered-furnish grades; pigmented coated/special functional papers; packaging grades; paperboard; laminated/printed products; integrated pulp making
representative_product	Munken Pure ordinary non-laminated uncoated offset-printing paper, Arctic Paper Munkedal; product identity example, no plant-average recipe
production_route	Purchased certified chemical pulp → slushing/refining/blending → sheet formation/pressing → drying → actual sizing/after-drying → calendering → reeling or sheeting → packaging/acceptance; water treatment and utilities included
market_state	Unprinted accepted paper at mill gate at measured delivery moisture; reel or sheet dimensions and surface specification declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide unprinted paper substrate for printing/writing
How much	1 kg net accepted unprinted paper
How well	Declared grade, grammage, moisture, surface sizing, calender finish, dimensions and customer acceptance tests; no common print-run equivalence
How long or cycle	One manufacture-and-delivery cycle at mill gate; no service-life or printed-content credit
reference_flow_link	`reference_out`

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Uncoated printing, writing and packaging paper `936bdcb2-06b6-4ee9-8e7c-2f7762aba298`
Reference flow property	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`
Reference unit group	Units of mass `93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66`
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	mill/site; reporting period; non-integrated boundary; grade and intended writing/printing use; virgin chemical pulp species and kraft/sulphite lots; bleaching; no intentional mechanical/recovered fibre; filler and sizing recipe; non-pigmented surface; grammage; measured moisture; reel/sheet dimensions; calender finish; net paper versus packaging/core mass; utility/treatment suppliers; quantity/background compatibility; allocation and cut-offs

Declare all required qualifiers in dataset metadata or equivalent product fields. The product UUID is a broad physical identity used only for this explicitly restricted printing/writing subset; it does not select a packaging-paper or incompatible pulp-route background process.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
`reference_mass`	reference product	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`	kg	Q is reporting-period net accepted paper at mill gate, including actual moisture, filler and retained size, excluding packaging, cores and rejects; all inventory amounts are per 1 kg reference flow, using cp_output.
`dry_basis`	pulp, chemicals, sludge and paper	Mass	kg	Keep delivered mass, dry solids and active-ingredient bases separately and convert from measured moisture/solids; no universal air-dry-pulp factor or paper moisture.
`energy_basis`	grid_electricity; purchased_heat; gas_pipeline; lng	actual row property	MJ; m3; kg	The electricity NCV/MJ unit group permits kWh × 3.6 conversion; steam heat GCV/MJ must match supplier definition and delivered enthalpy balance; gaseous fuel volume requires compatible supplier T/P and wet/dry composition.
`emission_basis`	all elementary outputs	row species, indicator or volume property	kg; m3	Preserve oxygen equivalents for COD/BOD, elemental TN/TP, and chlorine-equivalent AOX with compatibility verification; separately establish NOx NO2-equivalent definition; particle bins do not overlap; unknown quantity definitions are unavailable for dataset linking.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	External pulp/additives/packaging received at mill, external electricity/heat delivered, or river water abstracted onsite; end at accepted unprinted paper dispatch
starting_condition_role	Physical foreground interface, not an upstream cut-off or zero-burden claim
product_classification_scope	Narrower subset of CPC 3.0 32129: non-integrated virgin chemical-pulp printing/writing paper only
recursive_input_rule	Same-grade internal broke remains a measured matched loop inside the mill; an external same-category paper input must be recorded and linked upstream, with a separate applicable method if its furnish/route changes category
upstream_dataset_requirement	Named supplier-compatible pulp, filler, chemical, packaging, utility and external-treatment datasets; identity UUID is not a complete supplier dataset
disclosure	Report onsite/offsite ownership and utility/treatment boundaries, actual steam reference state, internal loops, grade change, rejected output, transport boundary and missing foreground/background data

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`boundary_mill`	mill production	Include reception, stock preparation, forming/pressing, drying, actual sizing/after-drying, calendering, rewinding/cutting, packaging and mill acceptance; stage meters remain distinct within one aggregate foreground unit.	arctic-munkedal-emas-2024; jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`boundary_upstream`	supplier interfaces	Do not move chemical-pulp cooking, bleaching or recovery into a non-integrated paper mill. Link the actual upstream chemical-pulp route and all external deliveries; inbound transport is linked separately if not in supplier delivery datasets.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`boundary_utilities`	utility and treatment ownership	Include actual onsite production/treatment operations and direct emissions once, or use supplier datasets for external operations. A contracted boiler on the premises still needs explicit ownership/boundary; no imported heat plus duplicated provider exhaust. If using self-generated electricity, identify its generator and emissions instead of relabelling it grid power.	arctic-munkedal-emas-2024
`boundary_water`	water circuits	Record actual abstraction/purchased make-up, final discharge, product/sludge water, evaporation, return/export and storage change. White-water recirculation, broke return and condensate have equal physical quantities at both ends and no repeated environmental exchange.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`boundary_dust`	dry finishing and exhaust	Inspect cutting and rewinding dust sources and final outlets/fugitive releases; distinguish released particle fractions from captured dust and internally recycled material. Combustion dust uses actual included boiler evidence, not woodworking or sawmill factors.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`boundary_exclusions`	downstream operations	Stop at accepted unprinted reels/sheets at mill gate. Printing images/text, ink, binding, books, use, offsite delivery and end-of-life are downstream modules, never paper-mill manufacturing inventory.	arctic-munken-pure-specification
`boundary_extensions`	actual recipe and equipment	The listed conditional flows are specific candidates, not a universal recipe. Every additional actual chemical, filler, packaging component, fuel, water source, refrigerant leak, waste and emission needs a separate atomic exchange and collection evidence; no bundled residual row or silent omission.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
procurement_preparations	bought complete slurry, sizing and treatment preparations	Bought complete preparations are one compatible whole supplied-product exchange with their supplier manufacture, formulation/dispersion/emulsification, utilities, losses, packaging and delivery retained once. Constituents remain analytical composition/fate unless an explicitly evidenced supplier-expanded formulation inventory retains every one of those actual operations and boundaries; that expanded inventory and the whole supply are mutually exclusive for the same quantity. Pure ingredient UUIDs do not alone identify a complete preparation. Actual independently bought onsite additions, dilution/mixing water, utilities and losses remain separate real exchanges. Keep unknown complete-product identity/reference compatibility specific and unresolved; do not invent recipes or preparation factors.

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
`paper_mill`	Paper-mill manufacture and delivery (aggregate of stage measurements)	required	When method applies	Foreground production and actual support operations	1 kg reference flow

Physical stage map: purchased pulps prepared separately → formation/pressing → drying → actual sizing/after-drying → calendering → rewinding/cutting → packaging/acceptance; wet/dry broke, white water and condensate have matched return loops. Retain stage meters and wet/dry balances; internal transfers of the same material are not second product outputs. Only reference_out is the reference product output. All amounts are per 1 kg reference flow; protocols preserve the unallocated physical ledger before the attributable burden ledger.

Process: Paper-mill manufacture and delivery (`paper_mill`)

Inputs

Product flows

Purchased bleached hardwood kraft papermaking pulp (`pulp_hw_kraft`)

Only supplier-confirmed bleached virgin hardwood kraft pulp, other than dissolving grade. Record each supplier lot separately; the broad UUID is not a species, bleaching sequence or pulp-recipe claim. Do not infer kraft from woodfree. Report net purchased pulp mass and measured dry solids; no default air-dry factor.

Selected flow: Chemical wood pulp, other than dissolving grades fe36cb07-5527-4085-a80b-c8ef2cc7e0aa
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_furnish
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015; arctic-munkedal-emas-2024

Purchased bleached hardwood sulfite papermaking pulp (`pulp_hw_sulfite`)

Only supplier-confirmed bleached virgin hardwood sulfite pulp, other than dissolving grade. Record each supplier lot separately; the broad UUID is not a species, bleaching sequence or pulp-recipe claim. Do not infer sulfite from woodfree. Report net purchased pulp mass and measured dry solids; no default air-dry factor.

Selected flow: Chemical wood pulp, other than dissolving grades fe36cb07-5527-4085-a80b-c8ef2cc7e0aa
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_furnish
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015; arctic-munkedal-emas-2024

Purchased bleached softwood kraft papermaking pulp (`pulp_sw_kraft`)

Only supplier-confirmed bleached virgin softwood kraft pulp, other than dissolving grade. Record each supplier lot separately; the broad UUID is not a species, bleaching sequence or pulp-recipe claim. Do not infer kraft from woodfree. Report net purchased pulp mass and measured dry solids; no default air-dry factor.

Selected flow: Chemical wood pulp, other than dissolving grades fe36cb07-5527-4085-a80b-c8ef2cc7e0aa
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_furnish
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015; arctic-munkedal-emas-2024

Purchased bleached softwood sulfite papermaking pulp (`pulp_sw_sulfite`)

Only supplier-confirmed bleached virgin softwood sulfite pulp, other than dissolving grade. Record each supplier lot separately; the broad UUID is not a species, bleaching sequence or pulp-recipe claim. Do not infer sulfite from woodfree. Report net purchased pulp mass and measured dry solids; no default air-dry factor.

Selected flow: Chemical wood pulp, other than dissolving grades fe36cb07-5527-4085-a80b-c8ef2cc7e0aa
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_furnish
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015; arctic-munkedal-emas-2024

Ground calcium carbonate filler (`filler_gcc`)

Only ground calcium carbonate actually delivered for wet-end filling; verify particle size, solids, treatment and supplier background. Record slurry carrier water separately when modelling dry CaCO3; reconcile complete supplied formulation versus dry-active basis once, with supplier gate/region/year and actual native Mass reference agreement. Source CAS is absent and mineral-family CPC15200 does not verify ground-filler grade or processing; actual chemistry and route require supplier proof. Purchased filler manufacture is upstream; no onsite PCC reactor is assumed. Bought complete preparations are one compatible whole supplied-product exchange with their supplier manufacture, formulation/dispersion/emulsification, utilities, losses, packaging and delivery retained once. Constituents remain analytical composition/fate unless an explicitly evidenced supplier-expanded formulation inventory retains every one of those actual operations and boundaries; that expanded inventory and the whole supply are mutually exclusive for the same quantity. Pure ingredient UUIDs do not alone identify a complete preparation. Actual independently bought onsite additions, dilution/mixing water, utilities and losses remain separate real exchanges. Keep unknown complete-product identity/reference compatibility specific and unresolved; do not invent recipes or preparation factors.

Selected flow: Calcium carbonate 699cf1be-0ca2-4c34-af60-fd58a8e9d549
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Precipitated calcium carbonate filler (`filler_pcc`)

Only precipitated calcium carbonate actually delivered for wet-end filling; verify particle size, solids, treatment and supplier background. Record slurry carrier water separately when modelling dry CaCO3; reconcile complete supplied formulation versus dry-active basis once, with supplier gate/region/year and actual native Mass reference agreement. Source CAS is absent and mineral-family CPC15200 does not verify PCC manufacture; actual chemistry and route require supplier proof. Purchased filler manufacture is upstream; no onsite PCC reactor is assumed. Bought complete preparations are one compatible whole supplied-product exchange with their supplier manufacture, formulation/dispersion/emulsification, utilities, losses, packaging and delivery retained once. Constituents remain analytical composition/fate unless an explicitly evidenced supplier-expanded formulation inventory retains every one of those actual operations and boundaries; that expanded inventory and the whole supply are mutually exclusive for the same quantity. Pure ingredient UUIDs do not alone identify a complete preparation. Actual independently bought onsite additions, dilution/mixing water, utilities and losses remain separate real exchanges. Keep unknown complete-product identity/reference compatibility specific and unresolved; do not invent recipes or preparation factors.

Selected flow: Calcium carbonate 699cf1be-0ca2-4c34-af60-fd58a8e9d549
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Cationic starch for wet-end strength (`starch_wet`)

Conditional on the actual wet-end recipe. Verify modification, substitution, delivered solids and dry-active basis; generic native starch is not proof of a cationic derivative.

Selected flow: Cationic starch for papermaking
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Native starch for surface sizing (`starch_surface`)

Use only when the surface-size batch contains native starch; identify crop source and batch, cooking and water addition. Treat oxidized or cationic starch as separate exchanges.

Selected flow: Starch e5842f16-31b3-4ea4-b16a-f7b06beeb6c3
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Oxidized starch for surface sizing (`starch_oxidized`)

Conditional on supplier-confirmed hypochlorite-oxidized starch matching the record; do not assume all mill starch is this derivative. Measure delivered product and active solids.

Selected flow: Oxidized starch 539d5015-900f-4778-89d1-499f7855edf9
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

AKD internal sizing emulsion (`akd_size`)

Conditional on actual AKD emulsion use; confirm emulsification route, active fraction, stabilizer and water accounting. No row metadata concentration becomes a default recipe. Obtain complete as-supplied emulsion composition and native product/reference correspondence; do not assign all emulsion mass to pure AKD or double-count its carrier/additives. Bought complete preparations are one compatible whole supplied-product exchange with their supplier manufacture, formulation/dispersion/emulsification, utilities, losses, packaging and delivery retained once. Constituents remain analytical composition/fate unless an explicitly evidenced supplier-expanded formulation inventory retains every one of those actual operations and boundaries; that expanded inventory and the whole supply are mutually exclusive for the same quantity. Pure ingredient UUIDs do not alone identify a complete preparation. Actual independently bought onsite additions, dilution/mixing water, utilities and losses remain separate real exchanges. Keep unknown complete-product identity/reference compatibility specific and unresolved; do not invent recipes or preparation factors.

Selected flow: Alkyl Ketene Dimer 095d668d-6196-43d7-82b2-655ac9d26693
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

CPAM retention aid (`retention_aid`)

Only actual cationic polyacrylamide retention aid; verify charge, complete supplied formulation, active solids/carrier and supplier native-product reference correspondence; count supplied product or constituents once. Other polymers require their own atomic rows. Bought complete preparations are one compatible whole supplied-product exchange with their supplier manufacture, formulation/dispersion/emulsification, utilities, losses, packaging and delivery retained once. Constituents remain analytical composition/fate unless an explicitly evidenced supplier-expanded formulation inventory retains every one of those actual operations and boundaries; that expanded inventory and the whole supply are mutually exclusive for the same quantity. Pure ingredient UUIDs do not alone identify a complete preparation. Actual independently bought onsite additions, dilution/mixing water, utilities and losses remain separate real exchanges. Keep unknown complete-product identity/reference compatibility specific and unresolved; do not invent recipes or preparation factors.

Selected flow: cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) ccf600a4-35af-45d6-95b3-cb58590a579f
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Purchased medium-voltage electricity (`grid_electricity`)

Consumer-side grid-average 1–35 kV alternating current only. Meter stock preparation, vacuum, dryers, calender, cutting, packaging and treatment separately, then aggregate attributable purchases once. Raw source geography is CN; actual supplier region/year, voltage/user gate, losses and native MJ reference must match before background linkage. Do not use this grid-mix identity for self-generated hydroelectricity; separately identify that supply and its upstream generator if present.

Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
Flow property / unit: Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / MJ
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_energy
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Purchased steam heat for drying (`purchased_heat`)

Industrial-boiler steam heat only. Its reference property is Gross calorific value, not proof of useful delivered heat. Supplier background quantity definition must be reconciled to metered steam/condensate enthalpy, pressure, temperature, dryness, return and losses before linking. The record benchmark is not adopted. Pressure-specific steam mass flows cannot be substituted without matching actual pressure. Deduct only boundary losses not already reflected in the delivery meter; retain actual supplier region/year/gate and industrial-boiler production correspondence, rather than treating a GCV label or record benchmark as measured net enthalpy.

Selected flow: Heat from steam cbc1f372-5c64-4ad5-a938-89b9396758c9
Flow property / unit: Gross calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-14da-a746-0800200c9a66 / MJ
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_heat
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Pipeline natural gas for onsite heat (`gas_pipeline`)

Conditional on actual pipeline gas supply, not LNG tanker delivery. Reference quantity is Volume/m3. Preserve supplier reference T/P, dry/wet composition and compressibility; verify background m3 convention. Secondary mass coefficient is not a density. Onsite boiler exhaust is foreground; do not also purchase its generated heat.

Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
Flow property / unit: Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66 / m3
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_fuel
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Delivered liquefied natural gas for onsite heat (`lng`)

Conditional on actual tanker-delivered liquefied natural gas, not pipeline gas. Official liquified natural gas has liquefaction/impurity-removal routes at the liquefaction plant; its quantitative reference points to Mass/kg. The source reference Mass coefficient 0.45 is a quantity-metadata anomaly, not density, liquid volume or a factory conversion/default. Obtain supplier agreement on native mass/reference quantity and actual liquefaction route, composition, cryogenic state, delivered gate, region/year and intervening transport; identity does not make that factory-gate background a delivered-mill supply. Calibrated tank/weighing receipts, stock changes, withdrawals, vaporization, returned material and measured boil-off/vented methane require a reconciled physical mass ledger. Do not multiply measured kg by source secondary coefficients or count regasified internal gas as another purchased input; unknown provider correspondence remains unresolved.

Selected flow: Delivered liquefied natural gas for on-site heat e874538a-945d-47ba-92f1-efb610a30277
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_fuel
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Purchased treated process make-up water (`purchased_water`)

Use only for treated water crossing the mill gate as a purchased product; if water is abstracted and treated onsite, use river_abstraction instead. Internal white water, dilution, starch cooking and condensate circulation are stage records, not additional external make-up water.

Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Unbleached kraft-paper reel wrapper (`wrapper_paper`)

Only one actual unbleached uncoated kraft-paper reel wrapper confirmed by the packing bill. Official Uncoated printing, writing and packaging paper is a broad paper family with empty treatment route; its packaging-paper name can locate this actual material, not a paper bag or wet/internal web. Verify kraft pulping, unbleached state, actual fibre/species and recycled content, sheet construction, grammage/moisture, absence of pigment/polymer coating and supplier region/year/gate/native Mass quantity. Record any separately supplied liner/polymer layer as its own exchange; do not invent a furnish recipe or assume the wrapper is the reference printing paper. Raw CPC32129 graphic-paper classification does not verify this packaging subset: preserve source-classification clarification and provider compatibility debt. Weigh actual transferred wrapper mass separately from Q.

Selected flow: Unbleached uncoated kraft-paper reel wrapper 936bdcb2-06b6-4ee9-8e7c-2f7762aba298
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging
Sources: arctic-munkedal-emas-2024

Delivered paperboard reel core (`paper_core`)

Only disposable or transferred reel cores crossing the gate; exclude returned reusable machine tambours. Measure core mass, construction and actual reuse count.

Selected flow: Cardboard tube or Paper core 78bf7f6e-519e-4b3d-82f0-eda15b2fee61
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging
Sources: arctic-munkedal-emas-2024

Transferred wooden shipping pallet (`pallet`)

Only actual wooden load boards; record mass and pooled/returnable ownership and use allocation, without imposing EURO dimensions.

Selected flow: Pallets, box pallets and other load boards, of wood, pallet collars of wood 4b49871e-95be-4e0c-9223-9902f9eaa763
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging
Sources: arctic-munkedal-emas-2024

Polyethylene protective film (`pe_film`)

Only if the shrink/stretch wrap is confirmed polyethylene; verify actual formulation and supplier. CAS and physical film description support identity; the unrelated source CPC field requires disclosure and clarification.

Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging
Sources: arctic-munkedal-emas-2024

Recycled-paperboard protective pallet lid (`cover_board`)

Only the actual protective lid, with board construction, fibre route and coating specified; do not assume corrugated construction from cardboard wording.

Selected flow: Recycled paperboard protective lid
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_packaging
Sources: arctic-munkedal-emas-2024

Sodium hydroxide cleaning input (`clean_caustic`)

Conditional only on actual industrial sodium hydroxide delivered at the record purity 95%–98%. Verify supplied solid/product state and batch assay; a dilute cleaning solution or a different purity needs a separate matching exchange and actual carrier-water accounting. No pulp cooking is implied.

Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide e0abcced-0611-4c24-9290-5a2c5a0c4169
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Urea nutrient for biological treatment (`ww_urea`)

Conditional on the actual biological-treatment recipe using one supplier-confirmed urea product, CAS57-13-6. Official Urea explicitly covers virgin industrial ammonia/CO2 synthesis meeting agricultural-urea standards and industrial applications; verify the actual route/grade, assay, solid supplied form, impurities/coating, complete supplied-product versus active/N basis and supplier gate/region/year/native Mass quantity. Keep dissolution/carrier water separate under one consistent formulation accounting scheme. Unspecified nitrogen nutrient, nitrogen-equivalent fertilizer, urea resin or a blended nutrient is not automatically urea. The mill source establishes N nutrients, not this species, its purity or a positive dose.

Selected flow: Urea nutrient for biological treatment 3f8850c0-f718-4c4b-8fcb-8fd42e03aa8e
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Phosphoric acid nutrient for biological treatment (`ww_acid`)

Conditional on one actual supplier-confirmed orthophosphoric-acid biological-treatment nutrient. Official Phosphoric acid is finished manufactured Product Mass/kg without a concentration or specific manufacturing-route descriptor; the raw record has no CAS or formulation assay. Actual supplier/SDS must establish H3PO4, actual CAS7664-38-2, grade/manufacture, supplied solid/solution state, concentration, water/impurities and native supplied-product versus active-acid reference agreement, including gate/region/year. Actual supplier CAS is not a CAS verified in this raw source. Measure actual delivery/dose and reconcile stocks; carrier/dilution water and additional formulation components must be counted once under the chosen supplied-product or constituent scheme. Do not assume 85%, a wet-process weak-acid route, manufacture or dosage. Unspecified phosphorus nutrients do not prove phosphoric acid. Bought complete preparations are one compatible whole supplied-product exchange with their supplier manufacture, formulation/dispersion/emulsification, utilities, losses, packaging and delivery retained once. Constituents remain analytical composition/fate unless an explicitly evidenced supplier-expanded formulation inventory retains every one of those actual operations and boundaries; that expanded inventory and the whole supply are mutually exclusive for the same quantity. Pure ingredient UUIDs do not alone identify a complete preparation. Actual independently bought onsite additions, dilution/mixing water, utilities and losses remain separate real exchanges. Keep unknown complete-product identity/reference compatibility specific and unresolved; do not invent recipes or preparation factors.

Selected flow: Orthophosphoric acid nutrient for biological treatment 9396269a-cf0d-4b38-ae6d-ab6b91e1dc87
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

CPAM wastewater flocculant (`ww_cpam`)

Separate from wet-end retention use. Include only actual cationic polyacrylamide in the treatment recipe; different charge/polymer/coagulant must be separate verified exchanges. Bought complete preparations are one compatible whole supplied-product exchange with their supplier manufacture, formulation/dispersion/emulsification, utilities, losses, packaging and delivery retained once. Constituents remain analytical composition/fate unless an explicitly evidenced supplier-expanded formulation inventory retains every one of those actual operations and boundaries; that expanded inventory and the whole supply are mutually exclusive for the same quantity. Pure ingredient UUIDs do not alone identify a complete preparation. Actual independently bought onsite additions, dilution/mixing water, utilities and losses remain separate real exchanges. Keep unknown complete-product identity/reference compatibility specific and unresolved; do not invent recipes or preparation factors.

Selected flow: cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) ccf600a4-35af-45d6-95b3-cb58590a579f
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_materials
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Elementary flows

Direct river-water abstraction (`river_abstraction`)

Resource from water, renewable water, only actual river abstraction. Include intake treatment and its actual chemicals, electricity, residues and discharge in the mill foreground. Keep purchased treated water separate; do not count an internally treated transfer a second time.

Selected flow: river water 805a7346-1664-4483-afe3-4b224be5e361
Flow property / unit: Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66 / m3
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted unprinted paper at the mill gate (`reference_out`)

Exactly 1 kg net accepted unprinted paper at measured dispatch moisture; fillers and retained sizing are part of paper, transport packaging and reel cores are excluded from net paper mass. Limit the broad flow to this PCR chemical-pulp printing/writing grade, reels or cut sheets; no packaging-paper or printed-content burden.

Selected flow: Accepted unprinted uncoated virgin-chemical-pulp printing and writing paper 936bdcb2-06b6-4ee9-8e7c-2f7762aba298
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: 1 kg
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_output
Sources: arctic-munken-pure-specification

Waste flows

Externally dispatched uncoated paper trim and rejects (`external_broke`)

Only actual external waste paper, with moisture, filler/sizing contamination, destination and recovery status. Internal wet/dry broke is a matched return loop, not external waste or an avoided-product credit.

Selected flow: waste paper (unspecified) f140a5a2-5318-4d06-956f-a87b9c6fda25
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_residues
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Externally dispatched collected paper-cutting dust (`collected_dust`)

One actual separately captured nonmetal paper-cutting/rewinding dust stream externally dispatched, conditional on documented equipment and occurrence. Official Dust is a broad industrial-collector Waste Mass/kg identity without a specified treatment route, not an air elementary flow or clean wood dust. Weigh collection containers with tare and stock changes; assay actual fibre, mineral filler, retained sizing/chemical contamination, moisture, biogenic/fossil/carbonate carbon and hazard; verify the lawful accepting receiver/provider treatment, region/year/gate and native as-collected mass compatibility. Track total capture, internal recovered return and external consignments separately; internal returned dust is a matched stage link, never an exported waste or avoided-pulp credit. Split distinct physical collectors/destinations. No default positive dust amount or collection percentage is inferred from a cutting source.

Selected flow: Externally dispatched collected paper-cutting dust 2a6c9b60-a075-45ec-b611-c3b4dd255935
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_residues
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Primary fibre/filler treatment sludge (`sludge_primary`)

Separate actual sludge stream, measured wet mass and dry solids, contaminants, dewatering and treatment destination. Never duplicate a mixed sludge total across primary and biological rows; soil use is a downstream route, not a credit assumed here.

Selected flow: sludge (paper production) b48b29ab-4ead-4413-9adb-07631cd7af09
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_residues
Sources: arctic-munkedal-emas-2024; jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Biological wastewater-treatment sludge (`sludge_bio`)

Selected flow: sludge (paper production) b48b29ab-4ead-4413-9adb-07631cd7af09
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_residues
Sources: arctic-munkedal-emas-2024; jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Elementary flows

Liquid water to receiving fresh water (`discharged_water`)

Only the actual final liquid-water component emitted to the named receiving fresh-water body after included on-site treatment, with measured bypass/split streams separately identified. Official Water, CAS7732-18-5, is an Elementary freshwater emission, native Volume/m3, not abstraction or vapour. Measure bulk effluent volume/mass, representative actual composition/temperature-dependent bulk density and independently validated water mass fraction; obtain actual water-component mass, then corresponding compatible water-component volume using a verified density/state/reference convention. Total mixed effluent volume/mass and COD are not automatically pure water. Retain bulk outfall volume for COD/BOD/TSS/N/P/AOX loads; all indicator media/location/timing must match this freshwater boundary, with no internal-loop or external-treatment emission duplication. Unknown fraction/density/reference compatibility remains a dataset gap; no pure-water density or water fraction is a default.

Selected flow: Final liquid-water component discharged to receiving fresh water 5e50fc01-19c6-4377-a1cc-bc65a12498ea
Flow property / unit: Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66 / m3
Amount rule: Use cp_effluent measured final water-component mass and compatible density to calculate native water m3; normalize once by Q. Keep bulk effluent volume for pollutant loads and reconcile freshwater boundaries and actual splits.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Evaporated water to outdoor air (`vapor`)

Outdoor air unspecified, gaseous water, including measured dryer/after-dryer loss. Use a water balance or verified exhaust flow/humidity, not a fixed drying-loss coefficient.

Selected flow: water vapour fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac04-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_water
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

COD to receiving fresh water (`cod`)

Fresh-water emission of oxygen-demand indicator, kg O2 equivalent. Measure final discharge flow and COD concentration with aligned intervals; no conversion to a chemical species or carbon mass.

Selected flow: chemical oxygen demand 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-97ed-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

BOD to receiving fresh water (`bod`)

Fresh-water oxygen-demand indicator; retain BOD5/BOD7 analytical duration and method. Do not combine their results or infer BOD from COD. COD/BOD are overlapping diagnostics, not additive physical organic masses.

Selected flow: biological oxygen demand 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-97de-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Suspended solids to receiving fresh water (`tss`)

Only actual final-discharge suspended solids, with filtration method and dry-solids basis. A water-unspecified record or dissolved-solids record does not establish this freshwater suspended-solids identity.

Selected flow: Total suspended solids, to fresh water
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Total nitrogen to receiving fresh water (`nitrogen`)

Fresh water, total nitrogen excluding N2, measured as elemental N mass. Do not add ammonia/nitrate species on top of the same total; identify overlap if species are also reported.

Selected flow: nitrogen, total (excluding N2) e1716164-e906-48e4-ad77-8f2ec4a9a4c5
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Total phosphorus to receiving fresh water (`phosphorus`)

Fresh water, total P as elemental phosphorus, not phosphate compound mass. Prevent duplicate total/speciated discharge.

Selected flow: phosphorus, total f9df3107-6b59-4067-b920-3c61cf3630c7
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

AOX to receiving fresh water (`aox`)

Fresh-water AOX aggregate indicator; preserve laboratory reporting as chlorine-equivalent and confirm compatibility with the aggregate flow/LCIA definition. No default positive discharge; prove absence if not applicable. Do not add identified halogen species to the same aggregate.

Selected flow: adsorbable organic halogen compounds fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-aaa0-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_effluent
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Fossil carbon dioxide (`co2_fossil`)

Only direct mill fossil-carbon emissions, excluding purchased electricity/heat provider emissions already in upstream datasets. Measure combustion and process carbonate carbon separately; no tonne-of-paper factor. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Biogenic carbon dioxide (`co2_bio`)

Include actual direct biological-treatment and any included biogenic-fuel carbon release separately from fossil CO2; a GHG reporting convention excluding biogenic CO2 does not remove it from the LCI. Do not treat stored fibre carbon as a negative mill emission. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: carbon dioxide (biogenic) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9c15-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Direct nitrogen oxides (`nox`)

NOx aggregate excludes N2O. Mass/kg does not prove an NO2-equivalent basis; reconcile monitor, LCI and LCIA quantity definitions before use. Do not duplicate NO/NO2 species with an aggregate. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: Nitrogen oxides f79d0f8f-2b0e-49cb-bed0-b1ea0fbd8625
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Direct sulfur dioxide (`so2`)

Record SO2 species only, not SOx or elemental S totals without an evidenced conversion. Include only direct mill exhaust, not supplier boiler emissions counted in purchased heat. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: sulfur dioxide fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac48-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Released particles below 2.5 micrometres (`pm25`)

Measure actual released fine particles from dry cutting, rewinding and included combustion/handling, after collection controls and including fugitive loss. Use the same measured size definition and boundary as the selected PM2.5 flow. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: particles (PM2.5) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9293-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Released particles 2.5–10 micrometres (`pm_coarse`)

Only the non-overlapping 2.5–10 micrometre fraction. If reported PM10 is cumulative, subtract compatible PM2.5 measurements; never add cumulative PM10 to this fraction. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: particles (PM2.5 - PM10) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9501-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Released particles above 10 micrometres (`pm_large`)

Only the >10 micrometre fraction released outside collection equipment/building boundary; reject PM10 cumulative substitutes. Reconcile measured total emitted particulate and captured dust separately. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: particles (> PM10) fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a70a-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Alternative unsized released particulate (`pm_unspecified`)

Use only for a measured emission whose size distribution is unknown; mutually exclusive with size-resolved rows for the same source/time. Do not invent a size split or silently omit dry-cut dust. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: Particulate matter, particle size unspecified 0ce3dedb-caca-407b-a856-a90470eb8ec0
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Fossil methane leakage and incomplete combustion (`ch4_fossil`)

Only direct fossil CH4 at the mill, including any actual gas-system losses; distinguish unburned gas methane from upstream leakage. Species mass, not CO2e. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: methane (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9610-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Biogenic methane from treatment (`ch4_bio`)

Only actual direct biogenic methane from included treatment, with a measured or defensible site-specific carbon balance. Reject correction/delayed-emission records. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: methane (biogenic) fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a8e8-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Direct nitrous oxide (`n2o`)

Species N2O mass from actual included combustion or nitrogen treatment; separate from NOx, with actual monitoring or site-specific validated estimation. No generic factor. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: nitrous oxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c3-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Fossil carbon monoxide (`co_fossil`)

Direct fossil CO only, species mass, verified carbon origin and included source. A monitor total cannot be assigned fossil origin without fuel/carbon evidence. Outdoor air, unspecified, short-term actual release; if a more specific subcompartment is known, verify and use its corresponding UUID.

Selected flow: carbon monoxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-924e-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
Amount rule: Record the attributable reporting-period exchange under this row protocol and divide by same-period Q (kg accepted net paper); declare not applicable only with evidence of absence, never zero for unknown data.
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_air
Sources: jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`allocation_subdivision`	shared mill burdens	First subdivide grades/lines and support operations using actual meters and campaign records. Dedicated quantities go to their grade; shared residuals use documented causal drivers (dry fibre throughput, measured heat, machine hours or treatment pollution load as physically appropriate), not one assumed mass ratio for every burden.
`allocation_physical_ledger`	physical balances and links	Preserve the complete unallocated physical process map, dry-solids/water/carbon balances and equal internal-link quantities. Allocation applies only to attributable environmental burdens after physical reconciliation; never multiply the physical paper, co-product, waste or internal-transfer output by a burden share.
`allocation_residues`	broke, dust and sludge	Internal recovery is a real loop with its energy and losses included, without avoided virgin-pulp credit. External material recovery/treatment is recorded gross with ownership and destination; if a stream is demonstrably a saleable co-product, require real receiver-accepted specification/function and lawful product/use status rather than payment alone, then establish the physical function and governing allocation method separately, with sensitivity where a causal relation is unavailable.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

The following is this PCR foreground collection design, not a producer recipe or universal regulatory emission limit. Retain batch/shift originals and monthly totals over the same complete representative period; normally collect twelve consecutive months, explaining a shorter complete production campaign and its representativeness limits. Every conditional flow retains actual use, proven absence or missing-data status.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
`cp_output`	`paper_mill`	Accepted net paper	dispatch/scale/test records	grade; order; gross paper lot; packaging/core tare; rejects; reel/sheet area/count; moisture; grammage; surface/acceptance results	Calibrated net weighing after all finishing; product tests and traceable measured moisture; reconcile production/dispatch and stock change Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: Sum accepted net paper Q; express accepted reference output as 1 kg; do not divide by machine reels before cutting losses	kg; g/m2; mass fraction	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	scale calibration; tare/quality tests
`cp_furnish`	`paper_mill`	Pulp species and process lots	supplier/receipt/issue/stock records	supplier; pulp grade; species; hardwood/softwood; kraft/sulphite process; bleaching; virgin/recovered claim; net lot mass; measured solids; stock movement; background reference quantity	Weigh and reconcile opening stock plus receipts minus closing stock and transfers; retain supplier certificates and solids sampling for each incompatible lot Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: Preserve wet/dry physical balances; attribute grade consumption, divide by Q kg net accepted paper for per 1 kg reference flow	kg; dry-solids fraction	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	supplier certificates; calibrated weights; solids tests
`cp_materials`	`paper_mill`	Each filler, sizing and treatment chemical	batch/SDS/issue/stock records	chemical identity; CAS where relevant; modification/charge; delivered concentration; active solids; carrier water; batch dose; return/loss; process stage; supplier route; actual whole-product or supplier-expanded inventory choice; supplier preparation/emulsification utilities and losses; supplied packaging/delivery gate; independently bought onsite additions	Weigh batches and reconcile tanks/stock; resolve formulated-product versus constituents accounting once, keeping each physical exchange atomic Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: Grade-attributed amount / Q kg net accepted paper, per 1 kg reference flow; retain full physical water/chemical totals separately. Bought complete preparations are one compatible whole supplied-product exchange with their supplier manufacture, formulation/dispersion/emulsification, utilities, losses, packaging and delivery retained once. Constituents remain analytical composition/fate unless an explicitly evidenced supplier-expanded formulation inventory retains every one of those actual operations and boundaries; that expanded inventory and the whole supply are mutually exclusive for the same quantity. Pure ingredient UUIDs do not alone identify a complete preparation. Actual independently bought onsite additions, dilution/mixing water, utilities and losses remain separate real exchanges. Keep unknown complete-product identity/reference compatibility specific and unresolved; do not invent recipes or preparation factors.	kg; active-solids fraction	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	SDS; supplier specs; scales; dose logs
`cp_energy`	`paper_mill`	Electricity by production stage	meter/invoice/allocation records	supply/generator; voltage; grid versus own generation; meter/stage; kWh; shutdowns; shared loads; causal driver	Calibrated stage meters reconciled to site purchase/generation records; identify generator background rather than assuming zero burden for own power Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: 3.6 × attributable kWh / Q kg net accepted paper, per 1 kg reference flow; no duplicate purchased/self-generated amount	kWh; MJ	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	meter calibration; invoices; voltage; allocation workbook
`cp_heat`	`paper_mill`	Imported heat definition and enthalpy	supplier/steam/condensate/heat-meter records	supplier reference energy definition; steam kg; actual absolute/gauge pressure; temperature; quality; condensate mass/enthalpy; losses; imported/exported energy; site allocation	Calibrated heat or mass/condition meters plus verified thermodynamic property method; reconcile supply and returned condensate enthalpy to supplier background basis. Retain pending when definition differs/unknown Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: Compatible attributable delivered energy / Q kg net accepted paper, per 1 kg reference flow; no direct provider emissions duplicated	MJ; kg; pressure; temperature	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	supplier reference definition; calibrated meters; enthalpy reconciliation
`cp_fuel`	`paper_mill`	Each actual onsite fuel	receipts/tank/gas-meter analysis	fuel route; liquid/gas state; mass/volume; T/P; dry/wet gas; composition; Z; calorific basis; stock change; vaporization; boil-off; background unit definition	Calibrated receipt mass or state-defined gas volume, supplier analysis and tank reconciliation; reference-state conversion only from actual compatible conditions Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: Fuel consumed after stock reconciliation and grade attribution / Q kg net accepted paper, per 1 kg reference flow; report real gas losses separately	kg; m3; MJ	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; supplier T/P/composition and reference-state statement
`cp_water`	`paper_mill`	Abstraction, make-up and internal water	flow meters/levels/moisture/balance	intake source; purchased water; treatment; flow; density/temperature for kg conversion; returns; circuits; product/sludge water; evaporation; stocks	Meter external intakes/returns; reconcile stage loops and measured product/residue moisture; estimate evaporation only by verified water/exhaust balance and retain residual uncertainty Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: Each compatible external water exchange / Q kg net accepted paper, per 1 kg reference flow; internal loops reported in physical ledger only	m3; kg	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	meters; measured density/moisture; balance closure
`cp_packaging`	`paper_mill`	Each delivered package component	packing bill/weight/ownership	component; polymer/paper construction; supplier; transferred mass; cores; pallets; return system; reuse count; rejects	Weigh each component and reconcile packing bills and return records; identify actual film polymer and protective-board construction Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: Actual attributable component use / Q kg net accepted paper, per 1 kg reference flow; packaging excluded from Q	kg; use count	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	packing specification; scales; return ledger
`cp_residues`	`paper_mill`	Each external solid residue and internal return	weighing/collector/treatment manifests	stream; source; wet/dry mass; solids; filler/chemical contamination; recovered dust; internal return; external destination; ownership	Separate weighing/tickets and solids samples for paper trim, collector dust, primary and biological sludge; reconcile mixed-stream totals without duplication Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: External grade-attributed residue / Q kg net accepted paper, per 1 kg reference flow; equal internal returns retained before burden allocation	kg; solids fraction	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	weighbridge; collector logs; solids tests; receiver records
`cp_effluent`	`paper_mill`	Final freshwater discharge and each indicator	flow/lab/composite sampling	outlet; named freshwater recipient; time interval; bulk effluent volume/mass; measured bulk/water-component densities and actual water fraction/reference state; COD/BOD duration; TSS method; TN as N; TP as P; AOX as Cl; detection limits; bypasses; background concentration	Flow-weighted final-discharge sampling and calibrated discharge meters; use applicable validated EN/ISO/national-equivalent methods. BREF BAT10 monitoring frequencies/footnotes guide coverage, not default annual masses. Establish source-specific COD–TOC correlation if substituting TOC Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: Interval pollutant loads and external discharge attributed to grade / Q kg net accepted paper, per 1 kg reference flow; retain non-overlapping intervals	m3; mg/L; kg indicator	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	accredited lab; standards; flowmeter; detection-limit and timing audit
`cp_air`	`paper_mill`	Each direct species/particle release	stack/fugitive/collector/carbon records	source; included boiler or cutting line; outlet/control; airflow; T/P; moisture/O2 basis; concentration; interval; size-bin convention; fossil/biogenic carbon; NOx quantity convention; collector mass; leaks	Measure actual exhaust and relevant fugitives after controls with compatible volume/concentration state; retain particulate-size and gas-specific method. Use validated site carbon balances for CO2 when direct measurement is unavailable; no sawmill factor or generic paper factor Aggregation and reconciliation requirements: Sum source/time loads once and attribute burdens / Q kg net accepted paper, per 1 kg reference flow; particle bins or unsized total mutually exclusive	kg; mg/m3; m3; carbon kg	Batch/shift continuous records; monthly reconciliation; applicable emission sampling plan	Same complete representative period, normally twelve consecutive months	All represented grades, lines and included support operations	per 1 kg reference flow	monitor calibration; state/O2 basis; source list; carbon/collector balance

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
`calc_normalize`	all inventory rows	Normalized exchange = attributable reporting-period exchange / Q; Q = kg net accepted paper from cp_output. Keep the unallocated physical exchange separately; reference output equals 1 kg.	linked collection protocols and raw records	normalized exchanges and separate physical balances
`calc_stock`	pulp, chemicals, fuel, packaging	Physical consumption = opening stock + receipts - closing stock - external transfers, with return/loss reconciliation. Dry solids = measured delivered mass × measured dry fraction; no default air-dry convention.	linked collection protocols and raw records	normalized exchanges and separate physical balances
`calc_balance`	dry solids, water and carbon	Reconcile separate dry-solids, water and fossil/biogenic/carbonate carbon ledgers before allocation, including every physical product, internal loop, residue, discharge, evaporation and stock change; preserve unexplained residuals and do not force them to zero. COD/BOD/AOX diagnostics are not additional physical mass outputs.	linked collection protocols and raw records	normalized exchanges and separate physical balances	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`calc_heat`	purchased_heat	Delivered heat = incoming steam enthalpy flow - returned condensate enthalpy flow - documented boundary losses not already included in the delivery measurement, using actual states and a verified thermodynamic property method; link only after matching supplier GCV/MJ quantity definition. Calorific-value labels alone are insufficient.	linked collection protocols and raw records	normalized exchanges and separate physical balances
`calc_effluent`	water pollutant indicators	Interval kg load = concentration (mg/L) × interval discharge (m3) × 0.001; integrate matching intervals, retaining O2/N/P/Cl definition and detection-limit treatment; divide attributable total by Q. Do not infer a pollutant quantity from a BAT limit.	linked collection protocols and raw records	normalized exchanges and separate physical balances	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`calc_air`	direct gases and particles	Integrate concentration × compatible exhaust/fugitive volume, converting mg to kg with 0.000001. Match dry/wet, T/P and O2 normalization; particle total = measured disjoint bins, or one unsized total, never both. Carbon-balance CO2 = oxidized carbon mass × 44/12, using separate evidenced origins and subtracting carbon leaving in other measured forms.	linked collection protocols and raw records	normalized exchanges and separate physical balances
`calc_water_component`	discharged_water	M_liquid = measured final mixed-liquid mass or sum(V_liquid_i × measured rho_liquid_i); M_water = sum(M_liquid_i × measured water fraction_i); V_water = sum(M_water_i / compatible rho_water_i). Validate actual density/state/reference and water-content method; native water V_water/Q once. Bulk V_liquid remains the matched pollutant-load volume, not automatically pure water.	cp_effluent; cp_water; actual fraction/density/reference; Q	Actual freshwater water-component m3 per 1 kg accepted paper; unknown compatibility stays unresolved	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
complete_period_normalization	all inventory rows	Every existing campaign, batch or lot amount rule and linked collection protocol uses one documented complete reporting-period pool for the same declared product, grade, route, configuration, site and reference state. Accepted-lot wording identifies the denominator only; retain all attributable startup, shutdown, wholly failed or zero-output batches, rejects, work in progress and rework in the raw native-unit numerator records. Count reworked reference product once only when finally accepted. Sum each attributable exchange over this matched pool, divide once by its strictly positive accepted reference-product quantity in the declared denominator unit, and scale to the declared reference quantity. Do not average batch ratios, drop a failed batch, pool unrelated products/periods or replace native numerator units. If the entire matched pool has no accepted output, retain the unnormalized absolute inventory and require review; issue no normalized result or fabricated output. Preserve stock/return and physical-transfer ledgers independently of burden allocation; allocation never removes already-incurred failed/rework activity.	all linked raw collection protocols; accepted reference-product pool; stock and rework links	native exchange unit per declared reference quantity; zero-output pool remains unnormalized

Raw downloads

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pcr.en-US.md98 KB · 3ac3695a9a53…
manifest.yaml8.2 KB · d83f65f05faf…
pcr.zh-CN.md84 KB · faa6b266ae16…
structured.yaml128 KB · df7ef52161ee…

Structured rule index

This index comes from verified structured.yaml and retains the canonical English rule text.

System boundary rules · 8

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`boundary_mill`	mill production	Include reception, stock preparation, forming/pressing, drying, actual sizing/after-drying, calendering, rewinding/cutting, packaging and mill acceptance; stage meters remain distinct within one aggregate foreground unit.	arctic-munkedal-emas-2024, jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`boundary_upstream`	supplier interfaces	Do not move chemical-pulp cooking, bleaching or recovery into a non-integrated paper mill. Link the actual upstream chemical-pulp route and all external deliveries; inbound transport is linked separately if not in supplier delivery datasets.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`boundary_utilities`	utility and treatment ownership	Include actual onsite production/treatment operations and direct emissions once, or use supplier datasets for external operations. A contracted boiler on the premises still needs explicit ownership/boundary; no imported heat plus duplicated provider exhaust. If using self-generated electricity, identify its generator and emissions instead of relabelling it grid power.	arctic-munkedal-emas-2024
`boundary_water`	water circuits	Record actual abstraction/purchased make-up, final discharge, product/sludge water, evaporation, return/export and storage change. White-water recirculation, broke return and condensate have equal physical quantities at both ends and no repeated environmental exchange.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`boundary_dust`	dry finishing and exhaust	Inspect cutting and rewinding dust sources and final outlets/fugitive releases; distinguish released particle fractions from captured dust and internally recycled material. Combustion dust uses actual included boiler evidence, not woodworking or sawmill factors.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`boundary_exclusions`	downstream operations	Stop at accepted unprinted reels/sheets at mill gate. Printing images/text, ink, binding, books, use, offsite delivery and end-of-life are downstream modules, never paper-mill manufacturing inventory.	arctic-munken-pure-specification
`boundary_extensions`	actual recipe and equipment	The listed conditional flows are specific candidates, not a universal recipe. Every additional actual chemical, filler, packaging component, fuel, water source, refrigerant leak, waste and emission needs a separate atomic exchange and collection evidence; no bundled residual row or silent omission.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`procurement_preparations`	bought complete slurry, sizing and treatment preparations	Bought complete preparations are one compatible whole supplied-product exchange with their supplier manufacture, formulation/dispersion/emulsification, utilities, losses, packaging and delivery retained once. Constituents remain analytical composition/fate unless an explicitly evidenced supplier-expanded formulation inventory retains every one of those actual operations and boundaries; that expanded inventory and the whole supply are mutually exclusive for the same quantity. Pure ingredient UUIDs do not alone identify a complete preparation. Actual independently bought onsite additions, dilution/mixing water, utilities and losses remain separate real exchanges. Keep unknown complete-product identity/reference compatibility specific and unresolved; do not invent recipes or preparation factors.

Allocation rules · 3

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`allocation_subdivision`	shared mill burdens	First subdivide grades/lines and support operations using actual meters and campaign records. Dedicated quantities go to their grade; shared residuals use documented causal drivers (dry fibre throughput, measured heat, machine hours or treatment pollution load as physically appropriate), not one assumed mass ratio for every burden.
`allocation_physical_ledger`	physical balances and links	Preserve the complete unallocated physical process map, dry-solids/water/carbon balances and equal internal-link quantities. Allocation applies only to attributable environmental burdens after physical reconciliation; never multiply the physical paper, co-product, waste or internal-transfer output by a burden share.
`allocation_residues`	broke, dust and sludge	Internal recovery is a real loop with its energy and losses included, without avoided virgin-pulp credit. External material recovery/treatment is recorded gross with ownership and destination; if a stream is demonstrably a saleable co-product, require real receiver-accepted specification/function and lawful product/use status rather than payment alone, then establish the physical function and governing allocation method separately, with sensitivity where a causal relation is unavailable.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015

Validation rules · 7

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`validation_scope`	product and furnish	Confirm non-integrated unprinted uncoated chemical-pulp printing/writing paper and all exclusions; require real supplier process/species evidence, not woodfree shorthand or classification label alone.
`validation_reference`	reference_out	Require exactly one accepted reference output of 1 kg with mass reference property/unit group, net paper basis and complete qualifiers; no internal transfer repeats the reference output.
`validation_measurement`	all rows	Require the same Q denominator in EN/ZH inventory, collection aggregation and calculations, with calibrated measurements and explicit moisture/solids conversions; unknown compatibility remains pending, not passing.
`validation_balances`	physical and allocated ledgers	Check dry solids, water and carbon before allocation; verify both ends of internal links, output before/after cutting and acceptance, residue destinations and separately allocated burdens; do not scale physical outputs by a burden share.
`validation_utilities`	energy supply	Verify source/route, exact reference property, supplier quantity definition and steam/gas states; external heat generation and onsite fuel combustion are mutually exclusive for the same delivered heat. Require distinct evidence for own electricity generation.
`validation_emissions`	air and final fresh water	Require exact medium/submedium/species/origin and quantity compatibility; do not use correction flows, duplicate NOx with NO/NO2, or drop biogenic CO2. Include dry-cutting/rewinding exhaust, fugitives and collected dust. Use disjoint particle bins or an alternative measured unsized total without overlap.	jrc-pulp-paper-bref-2015
`validation_release`	foreground dataset handoff	An unresolved UUID, supplier-background basis, actual recipe, quantity, measurement gap or unsupported calculation prevents claiming a complete dataset. Declare checks performed/skipped, gaps and uncertainty; authored method is not scientific approval.

Processes and inputs/outputs · 1

Process ID	Process name	Input flows	Output flows
`paper_mill`	Paper-mill manufacture and delivery (aggregate of stage measurements)	26	25

Complete field inspector

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Uncoated virgin chemical-pulp printing and writing paper from non-integrated mills

Content languages

Readiness

Classification mapping

Source

1. Scope and Applicability

2. Product Category Identity

3. Reference Flow

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

Process: Paper-mill manufacture and delivery (paper_mill)

Inputs

Product flows

Purchased bleached hardwood kraft papermaking pulp (pulp_hw_kraft)

Purchased bleached hardwood sulfite papermaking pulp (pulp_hw_sulfite)

Purchased bleached softwood kraft papermaking pulp (pulp_sw_kraft)

Purchased bleached softwood sulfite papermaking pulp (pulp_sw_sulfite)

Ground calcium carbonate filler (filler_gcc)

Precipitated calcium carbonate filler (filler_pcc)

Cationic starch for wet-end strength (starch_wet)

Native starch for surface sizing (starch_surface)

Oxidized starch for surface sizing (starch_oxidized)

AKD internal sizing emulsion (akd_size)

CPAM retention aid (retention_aid)

Purchased medium-voltage electricity (grid_electricity)

Purchased steam heat for drying (purchased_heat)

Pipeline natural gas for onsite heat (gas_pipeline)

Delivered liquefied natural gas for onsite heat (lng)

Purchased treated process make-up water (purchased_water)

Unbleached kraft-paper reel wrapper (wrapper_paper)

Delivered paperboard reel core (paper_core)

Transferred wooden shipping pallet (pallet)

Polyethylene protective film (pe_film)

Recycled-paperboard protective pallet lid (cover_board)

Sodium hydroxide cleaning input (clean_caustic)

Urea nutrient for biological treatment (ww_urea)

Phosphoric acid nutrient for biological treatment (ww_acid)

CPAM wastewater flocculant (ww_cpam)

Elementary flows

Direct river-water abstraction (river_abstraction)

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted unprinted paper at the mill gate (reference_out)

Waste flows

Externally dispatched uncoated paper trim and rejects (external_broke)

Externally dispatched collected paper-cutting dust (collected_dust)

Primary fibre/filler treatment sludge (sludge_primary)

Biological wastewater-treatment sludge (sludge_bio)

Elementary flows

Liquid water to receiving fresh water (discharged_water)

Evaporated water to outdoor air (vapor)

COD to receiving fresh water (cod)

BOD to receiving fresh water (bod)

Suspended solids to receiving fresh water (tss)

Total nitrogen to receiving fresh water (nitrogen)

Total phosphorus to receiving fresh water (phosphorus)

AOX to receiving fresh water (aox)

Fossil carbon dioxide (co2_fossil)

Biogenic carbon dioxide (co2_bio)

Direct nitrogen oxides (nox)

Direct sulfur dioxide (so2)

Released particles below 2.5 micrometres (pm25)

Released particles 2.5–10 micrometres (pm_coarse)

Released particles above 10 micrometres (pm_large)

Alternative unsized released particulate (pm_unspecified)

Fossil methane leakage and incomplete combustion (ch4_fossil)

Biogenic methane from treatment (ch4_bio)

Direct nitrous oxide (n2o)

Fossil carbon monoxide (co_fossil)

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

Calculation Rules

Raw downloads

Structured rule index

Complete field inspector

On this page

Process: Paper-mill manufacture and delivery (`paper_mill`)

Purchased bleached hardwood kraft papermaking pulp (`pulp_hw_kraft`)

Purchased bleached hardwood sulfite papermaking pulp (`pulp_hw_sulfite`)

Purchased bleached softwood kraft papermaking pulp (`pulp_sw_kraft`)

Purchased bleached softwood sulfite papermaking pulp (`pulp_sw_sulfite`)

Ground calcium carbonate filler (`filler_gcc`)

Precipitated calcium carbonate filler (`filler_pcc`)

Cationic starch for wet-end strength (`starch_wet`)

Native starch for surface sizing (`starch_surface`)

Oxidized starch for surface sizing (`starch_oxidized`)

AKD internal sizing emulsion (`akd_size`)

CPAM retention aid (`retention_aid`)

Purchased medium-voltage electricity (`grid_electricity`)

Purchased steam heat for drying (`purchased_heat`)

Pipeline natural gas for onsite heat (`gas_pipeline`)

Delivered liquefied natural gas for onsite heat (`lng`)

Purchased treated process make-up water (`purchased_water`)

Unbleached kraft-paper reel wrapper (`wrapper_paper`)

Delivered paperboard reel core (`paper_core`)

Transferred wooden shipping pallet (`pallet`)

Polyethylene protective film (`pe_film`)

Recycled-paperboard protective pallet lid (`cover_board`)

Sodium hydroxide cleaning input (`clean_caustic`)

Urea nutrient for biological treatment (`ww_urea`)

Phosphoric acid nutrient for biological treatment (`ww_acid`)

CPAM wastewater flocculant (`ww_cpam`)

Direct river-water abstraction (`river_abstraction`)

Accepted unprinted paper at the mill gate (`reference_out`)

Externally dispatched uncoated paper trim and rejects (`external_broke`)

Externally dispatched collected paper-cutting dust (`collected_dust`)

Primary fibre/filler treatment sludge (`sludge_primary`)

Biological wastewater-treatment sludge (`sludge_bio`)

Liquid water to receiving fresh water (`discharged_water`)

Evaporated water to outdoor air (`vapor`)

COD to receiving fresh water (`cod`)

BOD to receiving fresh water (`bod`)

Suspended solids to receiving fresh water (`tss`)

Total nitrogen to receiving fresh water (`nitrogen`)

Total phosphorus to receiving fresh water (`phosphorus`)

AOX to receiving fresh water (`aox`)

Fossil carbon dioxide (`co2_fossil`)

Biogenic carbon dioxide (`co2_bio`)

Direct nitrogen oxides (`nox`)

Direct sulfur dioxide (`so2`)

Released particles below 2.5 micrometres (`pm25`)

Released particles 2.5–10 micrometres (`pm_coarse`)

Released particles above 10 micrometres (`pm_large`)

Alternative unsized released particulate (`pm_unspecified`)

Fossil methane leakage and incomplete combustion (`ch4_fossil`)

Biogenic methane from treatment (`ch4_bio`)

Direct nitrous oxide (`n2o`)

Fossil carbon monoxide (`co_fossil`)