Uncoated solid soda-lime glass blasting beads · Calculation Rules

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_conversion	all inventory rows	Convert raw extensive amounts into row numerator units before attribution. Electricity MJ = metered kWh *3.6. Fuel MJ uses actual integrated gas and HHV, independent carrier mass subledger. kg from weighing/independent substance-state density; tkm = actual tonnes * km. Integrate true rates once, not already integrated volume. Item mass needs measured same-configuration article/lot, no secondary-factor guesses.	raw_i; conversion_i; cp_raw; cp_energy; cp_water; cp_air; cp_logistics	C_i	fhwa-bead-workflow-2014; us4385917-bead-furnace
calc_history	all inventory rows	A_i = B_open_i + C_i - B_close_i after actual conversion/attribution, preserving each inherited vector. Manufacturing B_close includes raw/WIP/genuinely unassigned stores, never first-released FG already in Q. Internal transfers cancel once. Services assign only actual increments to original cohort/horizon without repurchasing manufacture. Asset service fraction = evidenced actual use / supported service capacity, applied to original asset burdens separately from gross asset stocks. C_i identifies receipt versus already-consumption-corrected readings: never apply a second stock correction. Every raw/WIP/non-WIP physical quantity retains its exchange-specific vector; ordinary waste/rejects and failed loads do not automatically export burden or earn credit. For all FG/package movement cards A_i is the full measured gross movement, without adding burden vectors, stock-correcting the same leg or applying allocation shares; these ledger-only legs create no provider purchase/co-product credit. Performed service for held closingFG retains actual service burden; no deduction merely because it is held.	B_open_i; C_i; B_close_i; cp_balance; cp_assets; cp_service	A_i	jrc-ilcd-attributional-2010
calc_reference	all inventory rows	x_i = A_i / Q; A_i is attributable unnormalised exchange amount in this row numerator unit; Q is unique first-released net dry bare bead kg. This is the only normalization. Cards/aggregation reference this same x_i without dividing again. Q = 0 retains raw loads/history and produces no unit result. Finished 1 kg is reference identity, not another output addition.	A_i; Q; cp_release	x_i	jrc-ilcd-attributional-2010
calc_physical	all physical streams	At manufacturing, FG/service and combined gates: opening physical stocks + gross actual external inputs = closing stocks + gross actual external outputs. Pair/cancel internal Q/transfers. Independently check whole mass, water, relevant glass/metal elements and molecular species; keep asset/fluid stocks separate. No economic scaling of gross mass, or residual fitting of two unknowns.	gross_i; stock_open_i; stock_close_i; cp_balance; cp_water; cp_air; cp_emissions; cp_assets	physical_closure_i	us4385917-bead-furnace; fhwa-bead-workflow-2014
calc_packaging	services	Each PE bag, PP sack and pallet separately: opening_empty + opening_attached_WIP + opening_attached_FG + opening_reusable + purchases + supplier_included_arrival + external_returns_received = closing_empty + closing_attached_WIP + closing_attached_FG + closing_reusable + gross_outbound + external_return_out + waste. Retain burden vectors and repair supplies; cancel internal reuse, not gross external movements. Never bare-glass Q/new purchase each reuse/automatic co-product or credit. All stock categories and receipts are mutually exclusive; included supply carries no second purchase. Add separately measured real article water uptake/loss and new/removed repair components on their physical sides; retain original vectors without double-buying constituents.	cp_packaging; stock_open_i; stock_close_i; gross_i	packaging_closure_i	jrc-ilcd-attributional-2010; fhwa-bead-workflow-2014
calc_fg	services	OpeningFG + Q + actual external returned dry beads + true permitted dry-glass additions = closingFG + gross dispatched dry beads + service glass waste + separately identified actual dry-glass exits. Added water/contamination balances separately. Internal Q cancels at combined gate so manufacture is not output twice; original manufacture remains once and later increments keep original Q/observed horizon. Any actual dry-material addition/removal requires its own atomic record and manufacturer acceptance; do not assume such additions or equivalent return mass.	cp_service; cp_release; Q; gross_i	fg_closure_i	jrc-ilcd-attributional-2010; fhwa-bead-workflow-2014
asset_manufacture_share	existing capital/reusable manufacture attribution	For each included original asset manufacture vector B, f_current = u_current / D only after the persistent ledger verifies the supported whole installed-service denominator, all beneficiaries and prior assigned shares. Attribute f_current * B once to the actual beneficiary before the existing single reference normalization. Check prior_shares + all current/new beneficiary shares <= 1; carry the remaining original balance. Capacity revisions reconcile the historical ledger. Full physical asset/packaging mass and actual gross stocks/returns never receive f_current. Unknown D or history leaves the final attributed result unavailable, without suppressing actual repair/replacement/service burdens.	asset_id; original_B; u_current; D; historical_beneficiaries; prior_shares; capacity_evidence	conserved attributed manufacture vector

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_scope	all processes	Demonstrate actual solid/uncoated/soda-lime blasting grade, whole cullet-to-first-release route and acceptance methods; qualitative synthesis is not numerical factory/performance evidence.	Supplier glass history; microscopy; route; grade/QC/release records
dq_history	all inventory rows	Retain original units, all modes, inherited vectors, Q0, uncertainty and explicit observed service horizon; no omission of failures or unknown past burden.	Calibration; raw logs; stock/cohort histories; observation coverage
dq_native	all inventory rows	Before binding verify full native state/form/route/geography/medium/type/CAS/properties/unit chain and full consuming-card restrictions. Distinguish unbound auxiliary/provider gaps from genuine core identity/method holds.	Query members; exact native records; supplier/state/boundary evidence
dq_physical	all processes	Independent mass/element/species/water/phase/packaging/asset evidence must reconcile gross gates; no residual fit or economic mass scaling. Unknown speciation/non-detects remain explicit.	Closure; species/phase analysis; article and asset/fluid ledgers

9. Validation Rules

These rules inherit the full solid/uncoated/soda-lime/blasting/cullet-flame/first-release scope and all ancestor boundary/cohort conditions. Engineering checks do not approve science, translation, mapping or publication.

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validate_terminal	reference product	Check actual solid glass-bead abrasive, soda-lime grade, uncoated state, full raw-to-terminal route and unique quality release. Generic elementary particles, hollow/fibre/coated/composite identity or bought-bead packing cannot substitute. Real missing core native identity or primary route/terminal evidence prevents usable methodology whatever the formal check.	swarco-cullet-industrial-beads; fhwa-bead-workflow-2014; us4385917-bead-furnace
validate_quantity	all inventory rows	Both languages must use same Q/native numerator units, raw conversion, actual allocation/history and only one A_i/Q. Collection/cards never divide again; Q0 no unit output. Unknown relationships are unresolved, never pass.	jrc-ilcd-attributional-2010
validate_gates	all physical streams	Check manufacturing, FG/service and combined gross mass/element/species/water, complete packaging/returns, asset/fluid histories. ClosingFG in first-release Q keeps manufacturing burden. No duplicate internal Q, arbitrary economic/physical split or automatic credit.	jrc-ilcd-attributional-2010; fhwa-bead-workflow-2014; us4385917-bead-furnace
validate_native	all inventory rows	Recheck adopted full basename/synonyms/comments, CAS/state/route/form/geography/medium/type and every property plus exact unit chain. Native noise/contradictions and family restrictions remain in each full consuming context; unbound auxiliary atoms are never replaced by generic collections.	swarco-cullet-industrial-beads; us4385917-bead-furnace
validate_asset_manufacture_conservation	existing capital/reusable manufacture attribution	For every included capital/reusable manufacture attribution verify same-asset continuity, whole installed service in matched units, all historical/current beneficiaries, prior assigned manufacture shares and cumulative share <= 1. Reject a reset by period, cohort, provider, owner or repair. Check distinct real replacement and incremental repair/treatment vectors separately and preserve gross physical mass. A missing denominator, unexplained previous allocation or incomplete beneficiary ledger requires explicit review and an unavailable final attributed amount; structural inspection cannot claim empirical completeness.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
downstream_use	Attributional supply of matching uncoated solid blasting bead grade with declared observed services
allowed_use	Matching grade/state/route and first-release boundary after independent applicability review
excluded_use	Whole37199; hollow/coated/composite/optical/fibre/road-performance extrapolation; unreviewed net-delivery/lifetime service
required_metadata	solid soda-lime glass and recovered flat-glass origin; uncoated noncomposite state; actual size distribution and test; roundness and defect acceptance; thermal history and stress/QC gate; furnace and actual fuel/air/cooling route; unique first-release dry bare mass Q and cohort; dry mass and moisture method; raw/WIP/FG histories and all modes; native identity/provider restrictions; molecular species and free/reaction/phase-water evidence; each packaging construction and returns; physical assets/fluids and service burden; original-cohort service observation window
required_quality_disclosure	Raw evidence; unbound identity/provider limits; modes/history; allocation; mass/species/water closure; uncertainty; cohort/service horizon; review state
update_trigger	Glass source/grade, coating/solid state, route/fuel/cooling, provider, stock history/service horizon or new evidence change

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
swarco-cullet-industrial-beads	literature	SWARCO Indusferica, How Glass Cullet Turn into High-Grade Industrial Products. https://www.swarco-indusferica.com/en/b/glass-cullet-industrial-products/	Manufacturer primary: flat-glass scraps, crushers/pre-screen, shaft-furnace spherical formation and actual soda-lime blasting use. No marketing energy/size/throughput default; no LCA allocation.
fhwa-bead-workflow-2014	official_guidance	FHWA-HRT-14-021, Screening Level Assessment of Arsenic and Lead Concentrations in Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markings, January2014, pp.34–37 (PDF44–47), especially p.36 Bead Manufacturing/Bead Blending. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-TD2-PURL-gpo50114/pdf/GOVPUB-TD2-PURL-gpo50114.pdf	Complete official primary: common cullet/grinding/furnace/cooling/sieving/blending/QC/packing/handling and blend-only counterexample. Road-marking scope does not prove blasting specification, current health/legal limit, recipe, numeric emission or allocation.
us4385917-bead-furnace	literature	US4385917A, Method for making glass beads, granted1983-05-31, description and Figures1–6. https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/56/27/39/74c510f37c2920/US4385917.pdf	Complete patent primary: gas/air apparatus, cullet feeding, surface-tension rounding, air cooling, discrete solid spheres/collection. Alternative fuels/oxygen enrichment and numeric dimensions/temperatures/recipes/efficiencies are examples, not defaults or LCA allocation.
jrc-ilcd-attributional-2010	official_guidance	European Commission JRC, ILCD Handbook: General guide for Life Cycle Assessment — Detailed guidance, First edition March2010, §§7.9.2–7.9.3, pp.255–272 (PDF275–292). https://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/uploads/ILCD-Handbook-General-guide-for-LCA-DETAILED-GUIDANCE-12March2010-ISBN-fin-v1.0-EN.pdf	Attributional subdivision/virtual subdivision, exchange-specific determining physical causality and only residual actual-state common-exit market value. Foreground protocols operationalize bookkeeping independently; no bead recipe/route/numeric allocation inferred.