Motor gasoline

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR governs foreground data packages for finished motor gasoline produced at a petroleum refinery or gasoline blending facility and released at the declared refinery gate. It is product-category methodology, not a specification for one octane grade, one refinery configuration, or one national market.

The foreground boundary begins with receipt of crude oil, intermediate refinery feedstocks, blending components, oxygenates, additives, purchased energy, water, hydrogen, and treatment chemicals at the refinery boundary. It covers the separation, conversion, treating, utility, environmental-control, blending, batch-certification, finished-product storage, and refinery-gate dispatch operations that are attributable to the released gasoline. Upstream production and transport of purchased inputs are linked through separate datasets. Downstream terminal distribution, filling-station operations, vehicle use and combustion, and end-of-life activities are outside the default gate.

The data producer shall apply the product standard and legal requirements valid for the declared geography and production period. Product grade, octane designation, sulfur and benzene content, oxygenate type and fraction, biogenic carbon fraction, seasonal or volatility class, density reference conditions, and release-batch status shall be disclosed rather than assumed.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.other-transportable-goods-except-metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.coke-oven-products-refined-petroleum-products-nuclear-fuel.motor-gasoline
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 33311 Motor gasoline (exact classification context; positive mapping governance remains outside this PCR)
covered_products	Finished motor gasoline for spark-ignition road-vehicle engines, including conventional and oxygenated grades when petroleum-derived gasoline remains the basic constituent and the product is classified as motor gasoline under the applicable market rules
excluded_products	Aviation gasoline; gasoline-type jet fuel; naphtha; unfinished blendstocks and octane-enhancing components sold as such; refinery fuel gas; liquefied petroleum gas; high-alcohol or other alternative fuels that do not remain within the declared motor-gasoline classification; downstream distribution service; vehicle combustion service
representative_product	Production-weighted mix of conforming finished motor-gasoline batches released by the declared refinery or facility for the stated geography and reporting period
production_route	Receipt and separation of refinery feedstocks; route-specific conversion and treating; utility and environmental-control services; component blending and batch certification; finished-product storage and refinery-gate dispatch
market_state	Bulk liquid, released as a conforming finished batch in refinery product storage or at the refinery dispatch point before downstream distribution

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Finished motor gasoline meeting the declared applicable product specification at the refinery gate
How much	1 kg
How well	A released, conforming batch with the required product and market qualifiers disclosed
How long or cycle	The facility reporting period used to construct the production-weighted dataset; no use-phase service duration is included
reference_flow_link	motor_gasoline_ref

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Gasoline e6677cd5-b574-4e00-a3bd-c373ac796135
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	applicable specification and release status; geography and facility gate; reporting period; octane grade or grade mix; sulfur and benzene content; oxygenate type and fraction; fossil and biogenic fractions; seasonal or volatility class; density value, temperature basis and test method; refinery configuration and crude/feedstock slate; allocation method

When constructing a foreground data package, every required qualifier shall be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, the reference-flow comment, the product description, or an equivalent data-package field. A missing qualifier makes the reference flow incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Reference product and all mass-normalized inventory	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize the completed foreground inventory to 1 kg net finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate. Do not substitute volume without a documented batch-specific conversion.
volume_to_mass	Liquid feedstocks, components, finished batches and inventory changes reported by volume	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Convert metered volume with the density measured or certified for the represented batch and record the temperature basis, test method, source record and conversion formula.
energy_basis	Purchased fuels, refinery fuel, steam, electricity and energy-based allocation	Energy or net calorific value appropriate to the selected flow	MJ and/or kWh, retained with conversion metadata	Preserve measured billing or meter units. When lower-heating-value energy is used for allocation, apply one consistent LHV basis and retain product-specific LHV evidence rather than a generic gasoline constant.
component_separation	Oxygenates, renewable components and additives	Mass and, where required by the applicable specification, volume fraction	kg and declared fraction unit	Record each component separately before calculating the finished blend; fossil gasoline, biogenic oxygenates and other blending components shall not be collapsed into one unqualified input.
inventory_change	Tanks and work-in-process	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Reconcile opening inventory, receipts, internal transfers, production, dispatch, rework, losses and closing inventory on the same density and temperature basis.
emission_basis	Direct air and water releases	Species-specific flow property and unit	kg unless the selected flow requires another unit	Record measured or calculated species separately and retain dry/wet basis, oxygen reference, standard-condition conversion, monitoring period and method where applicable.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Metered or invoiced crude oil, refinery feedstocks, blending components, oxygenates, additives, purchased energy, water, hydrogen and treatment chemicals received at the declared refinery boundary, with quantity, composition or grade, origin, time and inventory state recorded
starting_condition_role	Foreground refinery-gate starting condition; upstream production and inbound transport are represented by linked supplier or regional datasets rather than recreated inside the foreground refinery processes
product_classification_scope	Finished motor gasoline only; aviation gasoline, jet fuel, naphtha, unfinished blendstocks sold as products, and alternative fuels outside the declared motor-gasoline classification are excluded
recursive_input_rule	Motor gasoline or same-category rework entering the foreground system shall be recorded as a separate product input with supplier or prior-batch identity. Stop recursion at the declared upstream dataset and prevent its burdens or mass from being counted again as virgin refinery production.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link each purchased feedstock, energy carrier, hydrogen, oxygenate, additive, chemical and inbound transport service to a temporally, geographically and technologically representative upstream dataset; disclose proxy use and material gaps
disclosure	Facility and gate; refinery configuration; included process units; crude and feedstock slate; production and inventory period; product-grade mix; oxygenate and biogenic fractions; applicable product standard; allocation drivers and factors; shared utilities and controls; flare, storage, wastewater and waste-treatment coverage; exclusions and proxies

Boundary Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_refinery_gate	foreground_system	Include operations from receipt of refinery feedstocks and purchased inputs through release and dispatch of finished motor gasoline at the declared refinery gate.	epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015
boundary_required_operations	process_completeness	Include every separation, conversion, treating, hydrogen-consuming, utility, blending, storage and environmental-control operation that materially serves the represented gasoline route; mark non-applicable units explicitly.	epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015
boundary_upstream_links	purchased_inputs	Model purchased crude oil, feedstocks, energy, hydrogen, components, chemicals and transport with separate upstream datasets and avoid duplicating their production inside the foreground refinery.	eu-pef-method-2021
boundary_direct_releases	foreground_emissions_and_waste	Include direct combustion and process releases, catalyst-regeneration emissions, flaring, fugitive and storage/loading losses, wastewater discharges, recovered sulfur, spent catalysts, sludges and other wastes when generated by included operations.	epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015
boundary_exclusions	downstream_and_use	Exclude downstream terminal distribution, retail dispensing and vehicle combustion unless the study explicitly extends the gate and reports those stages separately.	un-cpc-v3-2025; eu-pef-method-2021
boundary_capital_goods	infrastructure	Exclude capital equipment by default only when the goal and applicable program permit it; disclose the exclusion and include material infrastructure when required by the governing study rules.	eu-pef-method-2021

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
feedstock_separation	Feedstock receipt, desalting and primary separation	required	Always include; units that are not operated for the represented feedstock slate shall be marked not applicable	Foreground feedstock conditioning and atmospheric/vacuum fractionation	Net mass of separated streams transferred to downstream refinery units during the reporting period
conversion_treating	Gasoline-component conversion and treating	required	Include the actual route-specific combination of cracking, hydrocracking, reforming, isomerization, alkylation, hydrotreating, sweetening and related recovery operations	Foreground production and upgrading of gasoline blend components	Net mass of treated gasoline-range components transferred to blending
utilities_environment	Refinery utilities and environmental controls	required	Include onsite and purchased utilities plus controls and treatment systems serving included operations; allocate shared services transparently	Shared steam, electricity, fuel, hydrogen, cooling, flare, sulfur recovery, wastewater and waste treatment	Metered service quantities and treated outputs attributable to included operations
blending_certification	Finished-gasoline blending and batch certification	required	Always include final component blending, additives, oxygenates, rework, quality testing and release decision	Foreground creation of conforming finished motor gasoline	Net mass of released gasoline transferred to finished-product storage
storage_dispatch	Finished-product storage and refinery-gate dispatch	required	Always include finished-product tankage and dispatch up to the declared gate; include loading only when it is inside that gate	Foreground storage, inventory reconciliation and reference-product dispatch	Net mass of conforming motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate

Process: Feedstock receipt, desalting and primary separation (feedstock_separation)

Inputs

Product flows

Received crude oil and other refinery feedstocks (received_refinery_feedstocks)

Record each crude oil, condensate, unfinished oil and purchased intermediate stream that enters the refinery boundary and contributes to the represented gasoline production.

• Selected flow: Crude oil and refinery feedstocks, separated by grade and supplier
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured receipt mass adjusted for documented inventory transfers and returns
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_feedstock_separation_records
• Sources: epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Desalting water and process chemicals (separation_water_chemicals)

Record make-up water, demulsifiers, caustic and other chemicals delivered specifically to feedstock conditioning and primary separation.

• Selected flow: Process water and separation chemicals, recorded as separate product flows
• Flow property / unit: Mass or volume with documented conversion / kg or m3
• Amount rule: metered, invoiced or stock-reconciled consumption by material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_feedstock_separation_records
• Sources: epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Waste flows

No waste input is mandatory. Imported slops or residues accepted for reprocessing shall be recorded as separate waste inputs and shall not be hidden in the crude-oil quantity.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed separately from the selected upstream product datasets.

Outputs

Product flows

Separated refinery streams (separated_refinery_streams)

Record measured transfers of naphtha and other fractions from primary separation to conversion, treating, blending, fuel or co-product routes.

• Selected flow: Refinery intermediate streams, separated by stream identity
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated from calibrated transfer meters and tank inventory changes
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per process output and reconciled to the facility reporting period
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_feedstock_separation_records
• Sources: epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Waste flows

Desalter sludge, oily solids and wastewater sent to treatment (separation_residuals)

Record residues leaving separation for onsite or offsite treatment without netting recovered hydrocarbons against the waste quantity.

• Selected flow: Oily sludge and refinery wastewater, recorded separately
• Flow property / unit: Mass or volume with solids and oil content / kg or m3
• Amount rule: measured transfer quantity with composition or dry-matter basis retained
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_feedstock_separation_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Elementary flows

Direct separation-unit releases (separation_direct_releases)

Create one exchange per measured or calculated pollutant released directly from included separation equipment, heaters and vents; do not aggregate unlike species.

• Selected flow: Species-specific air and water elementary flows
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: monitored release or regulator-approved calculation based on operating records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_feedstock_separation_records
• Sources: epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Process: Gasoline-component conversion and treating (conversion_treating)

Inputs

Product flows

Gasoline-range and conversion feed streams (conversion_feed_streams)

Record each internal or purchased feed stream entering the route-specific conversion and treating units used for the gasoline blend.

• Selected flow: Refinery intermediate feed streams, separated by unit and stream identity
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer mass reconciled across unit boundaries
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per unit output and facility reporting period
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_conversion_treating_records
• Sources: epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Hydrogen, catalysts and treating chemicals (conversion_auxiliaries)

Record purchased and internally supplied hydrogen, catalyst make-up, caustic, amines, solvents and other process chemicals by consuming unit.

• Selected flow: Hydrogen, catalysts and treating chemicals, recorded as separate product flows
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: meter, invoice, batch-charge or catalyst-inventory consumption attributable to the included units
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per unit output and normalized to 1 kg finished motor gasoline
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_conversion_treating_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Waste flows

No waste input is mandatory. Reprocessed catalyst fines or refinery residues shall be recorded explicitly when they cross the process boundary.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed separately from the selected upstream and utility product datasets.

Outputs

Product flows

Treated gasoline blend components (treated_gasoline_components)

Record each route-specific gasoline component transferred to final blending, retaining its unit of origin and measured properties.

• Selected flow: Treated gasoline-range blend components
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured net component production after unit recycle and inventory change
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per unit output and normalized to 1 kg finished motor gasoline
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_conversion_treating_records
• Sources: epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Refinery co-products and internal fuels (conversion_co_products)

Record LPG, refinery gas, sulfur-bearing streams, coke and other co-products separately, identifying internal consumption and external sale without double counting.

• Selected flow: Unit-specific refinery co-products and internal fuels
• Flow property / unit: Mass or energy with documented conversion / kg or MJ
• Amount rule: measured net output by destination and inventory state
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per unit output and facility reporting period
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_conversion_treating_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Waste flows

Spent catalysts and conversion residues (spent_catalysts_residues)

Record spent catalyst, catalyst fines, filter solids and unit residues by treatment or recovery destination.

• Selected flow: Spent catalyst and refinery process residue, separated by material
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: weighed shipment or inventory-change quantity on a stated wet or dry basis
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_conversion_treating_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Elementary flows

Conversion and catalyst-regeneration releases (conversion_direct_releases)

Create species-specific exchanges for direct releases from process heaters, cracking and catalyst regeneration, reforming, hydrogen-consuming units, vents and flares attributable to the included route.

• Selected flow: Species-specific CO2, CH4, N2O, CO, NOx, SOx, VOC and particulate elementary flows, plus other monitored pollutants
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: continuous monitoring, stack test, mass balance or regulator-approved calculation from operating records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_conversion_treating_records
• Sources: epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Process: Refinery utilities and environmental controls (utilities_environment)

Inputs

Product flows

Purchased and onsite utility inputs (utility_inputs)

Record purchased electricity and steam, refinery fuels, natural gas, make-up water, cooling-water make-up, boiler chemicals and externally supplied hydrogen that serve included operations.

• Selected flow: Electricity, steam, fuels, water, hydrogen and treatment chemicals as separate product flows
• Flow property / unit: Energy or mass / kWh, MJ, kg or m3 as applicable
• Amount rule: metered or invoiced quantity assigned to included operations using the declared utility-allocation driver
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities_environment_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015; argonne-refinery-allocation-2003

Waste flows

Wastewater and residuals received for onsite treatment (waste_received_for_treatment)

Record wastewater, oily sludge, spent caustic and other residuals transferred from included foreground units to shared onsite treatment.

• Selected flow: Refinery wastewater and treatment feed wastes, separated by source and type
• Flow property / unit: Volume and mass with composition / m3 and kg
• Amount rule: measured transfer quantity reconciled to treatment-plant influent
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per facility reporting period and allocated to 1 kg finished motor gasoline
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities_environment_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed separately from water-withdrawal flows selected for the represented geography.

Outputs

Product flows

Utility services and recovered products (utility_services_recovered_products)

Record internally generated steam, electricity and hydrogen delivered to included units and recovered sulfur or other saleable treatment products by destination.

• Selected flow: Steam, electricity, hydrogen and recovered products as separate product flows
• Flow property / unit: Energy or mass / MJ, kWh or kg
• Amount rule: metered output less documented distribution loss, separated by receiving unit or allocation pool
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per service output and facility reporting period
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities_environment_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Waste flows

Treatment sludge and environmental-control residues (treatment_residuals)

Record wastewater-treatment sludge, sulfur-recovery residues, spent sorbent and other control wastes sent to recovery, treatment or disposal.

• Selected flow: Treatment residuals, separated by material and destination
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: weighed shipment or inventory-change quantity on a declared moisture basis
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities_environment_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Elementary flows

Utility, flare and treatment-system releases (utility_environment_releases)

Create species-specific exchanges for combustion, hydrogen production, flaring, sulfur recovery, wastewater treatment and other shared-control releases attributed to the included gasoline route.

• Selected flow: Species-specific air and water elementary flows
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: monitored release or calculation from fuel, flare, influent, effluent and operating records using the approved site method
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_utilities_environment_records
• Sources: epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Process: Finished-gasoline blending and batch certification (blending_certification)

Inputs

Product flows

Gasoline components, oxygenates and additives (blend_inputs)

Record every component entering the finished blend, including its source unit or supplier, fossil or biogenic status, measured quantity and relevant quality properties.

• Selected flow: Gasoline blend components, oxygenates and additives as separate product flows
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg, retaining required volume-fraction records
• Amount rule: measured batch charge corrected for inventory and transfer differences
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per released finished batch and normalized to 1 kg finished motor gasoline
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_blending_certification_records
• Sources: china-gb-17930-2016; us-40-cfr-1090

Same-category gasoline and rework input (motor_gasoline_recursive_input)

Record purchased motor gasoline, returned batch material or internal rework as a separate same-category input and link it to the upstream or prior-batch dataset selected under the recursive-input rule.

• Selected flow: Gasoline e6677cd5-b574-4e00-a3bd-c373ac796135
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: measured input mass by supplier or prior-batch identity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per released finished batch and normalized to 1 kg finished motor gasoline
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_blending_certification_records
• Sources: un-cpc-v3-2025

Waste flows

No waste input is mandatory. Offsite slops accepted for blending or reprocessing shall retain their waste status until the applicable recovery rule is met.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed separately from upstream datasets.

Outputs

Product flows

Released motor gasoline transferred to storage (released_gasoline_to_storage)

Record only batches that pass the applicable specification and facility release decision; nonconforming material remains rework or off-spec stock.

• Selected flow: Gasoline e6677cd5-b574-4e00-a3bd-c373ac796135
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: released batch mass calculated from certified volume and batch density or measured directly by mass
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per released batch and normalized to 1 kg finished motor gasoline
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_blending_certification_records
• Sources: china-gb-17930-2016; us-40-cfr-1090

Waste flows

Off-spec gasoline, blend slops and tank residues (blending_residuals)

Record nonconforming batches, slops and residues by actual destination; material returned to the process is an internal rework transfer, not a negative waste output.

• Selected flow: Off-spec gasoline and blending residues, separated by destination
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured quantity from batch disposition and tank reconciliation records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_blending_certification_records
• Sources: us-40-cfr-1090

Elementary flows

Blending and certification-area releases (blending_releases)

Record species-specific evaporative, vent and spill-related releases that cross the environment boundary during blending and batch handling.

• Selected flow: Species-specific VOC and other monitored elementary flows
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: monitored or mass-balance release calculated from batch and control-system records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_blending_certification_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015; us-40-cfr-1090

Process: Finished-product storage and refinery-gate dispatch (storage_dispatch)

Inputs

Product flows

Released gasoline received into finished-product storage (stored_finished_gasoline_input)

Record released gasoline received from blending by batch and grade, using the same density and temperature basis as the dispatch reconciliation.

• Selected flow: Gasoline e6677cd5-b574-4e00-a3bd-c373ac796135
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: transfer mass from certified batch records and storage-tank receipts
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per storage period and normalized to 1 kg dispatched motor gasoline
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_dispatch_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015; us-40-cfr-1090

Waste flows

No waste input is mandatory.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed separately from upstream datasets.

Outputs

Product flows

Net motor gasoline dispatched at the refinery gate (motor_gasoline_ref)

This is the quantitative reference output. Measure net conforming gasoline transferred across the declared gate after accounting for returns and documented inventory changes.

• Selected flow: Gasoline e6677cd5-b574-4e00-a3bd-c373ac796135
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: measured net dispatch mass; normalize the completed dataset to exactly 1 kg
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_dispatch_records
• Sources: china-gb-17930-2016; us-40-cfr-1090

Waste flows

Tank bottoms, recovered spills and dispatch residues (storage_dispatch_residuals)

Record storage and loading residues by actual recovery, rework, treatment or disposal destination.

• Selected flow: Tank bottoms, spill recovery material and dispatch residues as separate waste flows
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured removal or recovery quantity with moisture and hydrocarbon content retained
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_dispatch_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Elementary flows

Storage and loading losses (storage_loading_releases)

Record species-specific breathing, working, transfer and loading releases after vapor recovery or control; do not treat the gross inventory discrepancy as an air emission without supporting calculation evidence.

• Selected flow: Species-specific VOC and other monitored elementary flows
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: monitored or approved tank/loading calculation using actual throughput, controls and operating conditions
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_dispatch_records
• Sources: eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015; epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivide_units	multifunctional_refinery_units	First subdivide the refinery into measured unit operations and trace feed, energy, hydrogen, utilities, products and direct releases to the units and products that cause them.	iso-14044-2006; eu-pef-method-2021; argonne-refinery-allocation-2003
allocation_shared_utilities	shared_utility_and_control_systems	Assign shared steam, electricity, fuel, hydrogen, flare, wastewater and environmental-control burdens with measured causal drivers such as metered service, fuel demand, hydrogen demand, treated load or pollutant load.	eu-pef-method-2021; argonne-refinery-allocation-2003
allocation_remaining_multifunctionality	unresolved_refinery_burdens	When subdivision and direct causal assignment cannot resolve a shared burden, use a documented physical relationship. Process-level energy allocation based on product-specific net energy is the preferred screening fallback for energy-bearing refinery products; justify deviations.	iso-14044-2006; argonne-refinery-allocation-2003
allocation_economic_fallback	no_defensible_physical_relation	Use economic allocation only when no defensible physical relationship exists and the study goal permits it; use contemporaneous, representative prices and disclose the price period, geography and sensitivity.	iso-14044-2006; eu-pef-method-2021
allocation_internal_recycling	internal_fuels_rework_and_recovered_material	Track internal refinery fuel, rework, recovered vapor and recovered hydrocarbon as internal transfers. Count their production burdens once and do not credit or subtract the same quantity twice.	eu-pef-method-2021; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015
allocation_sensitivity	material_allocation_choice	Report a sensitivity result for each materially different defensible allocation method and explain the method selected for the published dataset.	iso-14044-2006; argonne-refinery-allocation-2003

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_feedstock_separation_records	feedstock_separation	feedstock receipts, separated streams, desalting inputs, residues and direct releases	calibrated meters; tank gauges; invoices; laboratory assays; operating and emissions records	timestamp; material/stream id; supplier/origin; mass or volume; density and temperature; water/sulfur or other relevant assay; opening/closing inventory; destination; meter id; uncertainty; pollutant and monitoring basis	reconcile receipts, unit transfers, tank inventories, residues and monitored releases by stream and reporting period	kg; m3; kg pollutant	continuous or per transfer, batch and reporting period	complete foreground reporting period, including startup, shutdown and abnormal events	all included receipt, desalting and primary-separation units	sum measured quantities, convert volume with batch density, reconcile inventory change, then normalize after allocation	meter calibration; laboratory method; invoice/tank reconciliation; data-gap and abnormal-event log
cp_conversion_treating_records	conversion_treating	conversion feeds, auxiliaries, components, co-products, spent materials and direct releases	unit meters; production logs; catalyst and chemical inventory; laboratory assays; continuous monitors and approved calculations	unit id; route; feed/output stream; mass; energy; hydrogen; catalyst/chemical charge; recycle; inventory change; operating hours; pollutant; monitoring method; control status	reconcile each included unit before aggregation and retain route-specific transfers and emissions	kg; MJ; kWh; kg pollutant	continuous, batch charge and reporting period	complete foreground reporting period with downtime and abnormal operation	every included conversion and treating unit	calculate net unit outputs and direct releases, then assign or allocate them with the declared driver	meter calibration; assay; catalyst inventory; CEMS/stack-test record; unit mass-and-energy balance
cp_utilities_environment_records	utilities_environment	purchased and onsite utilities, environmental-treatment loads, recovered products, residuals and releases	utility meters; fuel analyses; invoices; flare logs; hydrogen/steam/power balances; wastewater and waste records	service id; source; meter; quantity; energy basis; receiving unit; influent/effluent quantity and composition; flare flow/composition; waste mass/moisture; recovered-product mass	reconcile generated, purchased, distributed, exported and lost services; reconcile treatment influent and outputs	MJ; kWh; kg; m3; kg pollutant	continuous/monthly and reporting period	same period as production, including abnormal operation	all shared utility and environmental-control systems serving included processes	assign direct metered services first; allocate remaining shared service by declared causal driver	calibrated meters; fuel analysis; treatment laboratory data; flare and waste manifests; allocation reconciliation
cp_blending_certification_records	blending_certification	blend components, same-category inputs, released batches, off-spec material and blending releases	batch tickets; blend-control system; tank gauges; component certificates; accredited or approved laboratory tests; release/disposition records	batch id; component id/source; fossil/biogenic status; mass/volume; density/temperature; octane; sulfur; benzene; oxygenate; volatility/RVP; distillation; grade; specification; release status; rework destination	retain one component and quality record set per batch and reconcile blend inputs to released, rework and loss quantities	kg; m3; property-specific units	each component transfer and finished batch	every released and nonconforming batch in the reporting period	all finished-gasoline blend tanks and certification points	calculate component fractions and batch mass; aggregate only conforming released batches to the declared grade mix	calibration; certificate of analysis; laboratory method; chain of custody; signed release/disposition record
cp_storage_dispatch_records	storage_dispatch	finished-gasoline receipts, inventories, dispatch, returns, residues and releases	custody-transfer meters; tank gauges; dispatch tickets; vapor-control records; spill and residue records	batch/grade; tank; opening/closing stock; receipts; dispatch; returns; density/temperature; meter id; destination; vapor-control status; residue or spill disposition	reconcile each tank and grade on one mass basis before summing net refinery-gate dispatch	kg; m3; kg pollutant	each transfer and reporting period	complete foreground reporting period	all finished-product tanks and dispatch points inside the declared gate	receipts + opening stock - closing stock - net dispatch - documented transfers = reconciled loss or unexplained difference; calculate emissions separately	custody-transfer calibration; tank table; dispatch document; vapor-control operation; variance investigation

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_volume_to_mass	all liquid streams reported by volume	mass = observed or standardised volume × batch-specific density on the matching temperature basis	volume; density; temperature basis; test method	kg by batch or stream	china-gb-17930-2016; us-40-cfr-1090
calc_component_fraction	finished gasoline blend	component fraction = component mass or corrected volume divided by the corresponding total finished-batch basis; fossil and biogenic components remain separate	component transfers; density; total released batch	component fractions and fossil/biogenic split	us-40-cfr-1090
calc_net_unit_output	refinery unit and storage inventories	net output = measured transfers out - measured returns - increase in attributable inventory, reconciled with transfers in and documented losses	transfer meters; opening/closing inventory; returns; rework; losses	net process output by stream	eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015
calc_allocation_factor	shared unit or refinery burden	allocation factor = selected causal or physical driver for gasoline divided by the same driver summed over all co-products; factors across the pool shall sum to 1 within rounding tolerance	metered drivers; product energy or other physical relation; co-product set	burden-allocation factors	iso-14044-2006; argonne-refinery-allocation-2003
calc_reference_normalization	completed foreground inventory	normalized amount = allocated reporting-period amount divided by net kg of conforming motor gasoline dispatched at the declared gate	allocated inventory; reference dispatch mass	inventory amount per 1 kg reference flow	eu-pef-method-2021
calc_storage_reconciliation	finished-product tankage and dispatch	reconcile receipts, dispatch, returns and inventory change first; classify only supported releases as emissions or wastes and retain unexplained variance as a data-quality finding	tank and custody-transfer records; spill, vapor and residue records	net dispatch, supported loss flows and unexplained variance	eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_product_identity	reference product	Demonstrate that every aggregated output batch is finished motor gasoline and not aviation gasoline, jet fuel, naphtha, an unfinished blendstock or another alternative fuel.	applicable specification; certificate of analysis; batch release and classification record
dq_technology	refinery configuration and route	Identify included and non-applicable units, feedstock slate, hydrogen source, utility system, blend route and environmental controls; do not use a generic refinery route without qualification.	unit list; process-flow diagram; production ledger; configuration record
dq_temporal	all foreground data	Use one coherent production and inventory period that includes normal, startup, shutdown and abnormal events; disclose exclusions and any temporally mismatched upstream datasets.	meter coverage report; event log; dataset dates; gap register
dq_geography	foreground and upstream data	State the facility location and market; use geographically representative upstream datasets or disclose proxies and sensitivity.	facility metadata; supplier origin; upstream dataset geography
dq_measurement	volumes, masses, energy and emissions	Retain calibration, density/temperature conversion, laboratory and emissions-monitoring evidence with uncertainty or method limitations.	calibration certificates; laboratory methods; CEMS/stack-test reports; calculation sheets
dq_completeness	process and flow coverage	Account for all included units, shared utilities, flares, storage, wastewater, wastes and co-products; reconcile missing or excluded data against materiality and governing study rules.	process-to-data matrix; completeness check; exclusion log
dq_allocation	multifunctional burdens	Store pool membership, drivers, factors, factor sum, rationale and sensitivity; allocation shall be reproducible from collected data.	allocation workbook or machine-readable calculation; alternative-method result
dq_mass_balance	facility, unit, blend and storage balances	Reconcile inputs, outputs, recycle, inventory change, wastes and documented losses on compatible bases; investigate unexplained imbalance rather than assigning it automatically to emissions.	signed balance; variance threshold and investigation record
dq_no_generic_defaults	quantitative inventory	Do not replace missing refinery measurements with an uncited generic process dataset or an unlabeled estimate. Report the gap; any later provisional estimate shall be explicitly marked reasoned_estimate, scoped, reviewed and replaced before publication-critical use.	data-gap register; estimate approval and replacement plan

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validation_reference_identity	reference_flow	The product flow UUID, mass property UUID, unit-group UUID, reference unit and 1 kg amount shall match the Reference Flow table.
validation_product_scope	released_batches	Every reference-output batch shall be documented as finished motor gasoline under the applicable specification; excluded fuel categories and unfinished blendstocks shall not be aggregated.	un-cpc-v3-2025; china-gb-17930-2016; us-40-cfr-1090
validation_required_qualifiers	dataset_metadata	All required qualifiers shall be present and internally consistent with the represented batches, geography, period and route.	china-gb-17930-2016; us-40-cfr-1090
validation_mass_conversion	volume_based_records	Every volume-to-mass conversion shall include density, temperature basis, test method and calculation; otherwise the affected mass result is inconclusive.	us-40-cfr-1090
validation_process_coverage	foreground_process_map	Every required process shall have records or an explicit non-applicability justification, and every material operating unit serving the gasoline route shall map to one process.	epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015
validation_recursive_input	same_category_input	Same-category gasoline and rework inputs shall carry supplier or prior-batch identity and shall not be counted again as virgin reference output or receive duplicated upstream burden.	eu-pef-method-2021
validation_allocation	multifunctionality	Allocation pools, drivers, factors and factor sums shall be reproducible; subdivision and causal assignment shall precede remaining physical or economic allocation.	iso-14044-2006; eu-pef-method-2021; argonne-refinery-allocation-2003
validation_mass_balance	unit_blend_and_storage_balances	Input, output, recycle, inventory, waste and documented-loss balances shall close within the facility's approved measurement uncertainty; unexplained variance shall be reported as a finding, not forced into a flow.	eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015
validation_direct_releases	emissions_and_waste	Direct process, combustion, regeneration, flare, fugitive, storage, wastewater and waste flows shall be species- and destination-specific where records permit; aggregate or omitted flows require documented limitations.	epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015; eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015
validation_representativeness	published_dataset	Technology, crude/feedstock slate, product mix, time and geography shall match the stated use; an old or foreign refinery proxy shall not be presented as a current local benchmark without explicit limitation and sensitivity.	eu-pef-method-2021

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
downstream_use	Supply of refinery-gate finished motor gasoline to foreground processes and lifecycle models, with separate downstream distribution and combustion when required by the study
allowed_use	Attributional product and process modelling for the declared refinery configuration, geography, reporting period, product-grade mix and allocation method; transparent scenario or sensitivity use when limitations are retained
excluded_use	Vehicle tailpipe or use-phase emissions by itself; filling-station or delivered-fuel supply without downstream stages; aviation gasoline or other excluded fuels; an unqualified global, current-China or current-market benchmark; regulatory compliance certification
required_metadata	PCR id and version; facility and gate; geography; reporting period; applicable standard; batch and grade mix; octane; sulfur and benzene; oxygenate type/fraction; fossil and biogenic fractions; seasonal/volatility class; density and temperature basis; refinery configuration and feedstock slate; included units; energy and hydrogen sources; allocation pools/drivers/factors; reference flow UUIDs; upstream dataset references
required_quality_disclosure	Data-quality rating or equivalent evidence for technology, geography, time and precision; coverage and gap register; meter/laboratory basis; mass-balance results; allocation sensitivity; proxy and exclusion list; abnormal-operation treatment; unexplained variance
update_trigger	Change in applicable fuel specification, product or oxygenate slate, refinery configuration, crude/feedstock slate, hydrogen or energy system, environmental controls, allocation drivers, gate definition, or evidence that the represented period is no longer technologically, geographically or temporally representative

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-v3-2025	dataset	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 3.0 structure, CPC 33311 Motor gasoline, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv (repository source retrieved 2026-06-23)	Product-category identity and exclusions from adjacent CPC fuel categories
china-gb-17930-2016	standard	State Administration for Market Regulation / Standardization Administration of China, GB 17930-2016, Gasoline for motor vehicles, current standard record, https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbDetailed?id=71F772D81743D3A7E05397BE0A0AB82A (accessed 2026-08-09)	Applicable Chinese product-specification identity, batch qualification and required quality disclosure
us-40-cfr-1090	official_guidance	U.S. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR Part 1090, Regulation of Fuels, Fuel Additives, and Regulated Blendstocks, https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-U/part-1090 (accessed 2026-08-09)	Gasoline batch identity, sulfur, benzene, oxygenate, RVP, density, sampling, testing and reporting records
epa-ap42-petroleum-refining-2015	official_guidance	U.S. EPA, AP-42 Section 5.1 Petroleum Refining, April 2015, https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-09/documents/5.1_petroleum_refining.pdf (accessed 2026-08-09)	Refinery process decomposition and direct-emission source coverage
eu-jrc-ref-bref-2015	official_guidance	European Commission Joint Research Centre, Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Refining of Mineral Oil and Gas, 2015, https://eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reference/refining-mineral-oil-and-gas-0 (accessed 2026-08-09)	Included refinery units, utilities, storage, blending, wastewater, waste and emissions-control coverage
eu-pef-method-2021	official_guidance	European Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279, Annex I Product Environmental Footprint Method, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/oj/eng (accessed 2026-08-09)	Boundary, subdivision, allocation hierarchy, upstream linking and technological/geographical/temporal data quality
iso-14044-2006	standard	ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines, including current amendments, https://www.iso.org/standard/38498.html (accessed 2026-08-09)	LCA inventory, allocation, reporting and sensitivity requirements
argonne-refinery-allocation-2003	official_guidance	Argonne National Laboratory GREET, Wang, Lee and Molburg, Allocation of Energy Use in Petroleum Refineries to Petroleum Products: Implications for Life-Cycle Energy Use and Emission Inventory of Petroleum Transportation Fuels, 2003, https://greet.anl.gov/files/1c49xpjg (accessed 2026-08-09)	Process-level refinery allocation and rejection of undifferentiated whole-refinery allocation as the default