Assembly and delivery of non-irradiated civilian UO2 PWR fuel assemblies

1. Scope and Applicability

This method covers only public environmental inventory from receipt of sealed civilian UO2 fuel rods and separately qualified structural components through assembly, acceptance and packaged delivery of complete fresh PWR assemblies. An assembly is neither a single chemical species nor a supplied solution. Record heavy-metal elemental mass, fuel-compound mass, cladding and support-metal mass separately. Non-irradiated does not mean non-radioactive. Disclose complete supplier environmental bases for upstream rods and components.

Exclude nuclear-material processing or preparation, recipes, enrichment, conversion, pellet production, opening rods, cladding manufacture, key operating parameters, design optimization, irradiation, spent fuel, MOX, metallic fuel, TRISO, research/military reactor fuel and incomplete assemblies. These are PCR physical limits; manufacturer quantities or performance do not establish industry defaults. IAEA SSR-4 supports nuclear-facility environmental records; ordinary chemical BAT does not supply default parameters for this incompatible product and route.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.other-transportable-goods-except-metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.coke-oven-products-refined-petroleum-products-nuclear-fuel.fuel-elements-cartridges-non-irradiated-for-nuclear-reactors
classification_refs	CPC 3.0:33710; narrower scope limited to the product and route defined here; mapping acceptance is maintained separately in classifications/mappings/.
covered_products	Complete non-irradiated civilian UO2 PWR assemblies
excluded_products	Fuel and routes excluded in section 1
representative_product	PWR assembly qualified by actual supplier and acceptance state; no default model
production_route	Purchased sealed rods and finished structural components; high-level assembly, inspection and packaged delivery
market_state	Complete fresh assembly at factory delivery, never reactor-irradiated

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide complete civilian assembly in declared accepted condition
How much	1 kg accepted assembly net mass
How well	Actual model, supplier, completeness and civilian UO2 PWR use; no performance optimization requirement
How long or cycle	One factory delivery; no reactor service duration or electricity yield asserted
reference_flow_link	out_assembly

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Fuel elements (cartridges), non-irradiated, for nuclear reactors bc68ae27-dcc2-4716-aa92-264c1f7e7308
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	Civilian UO2 PWR; never irradiated; complete assembly model and acceptance state; supplier/lot; measured net mass and completeness; separate fuel-compound, heavy-metal, cladding, each support-metal and moisture accounts; packaging exclusion; provider quantity/background denominator; start/end state and monitoring coverage

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product	Mass	kg	Reference output is 1 kg accepted complete assembly net mass. Use cp_mass; all inventory quantities use measured accepted net mass of the same campaign, never assembly count.

Use a calibrated scale or traceable accepted complete-assembly net-mass records, excluding transport packaging. Obtain heavy-metal content from actual supplier mass certification; it is not fuel-compound mass. Avoid double counting rod cladding as separate support metal. Measure moisture independently rather than inferring a recipe. The radioactivity reference unit is kBq: 1 Bq = 0.001 kBq. The electricity record calls its property Net calorific value, with energy in MJ: 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ. Verify matching meter and provider bases; property naming does not imply combustion or heat delivery.

The denominator includes every retained component of the accepted assembly, including sealed contents, internal hardware, cladding and separately installed structures; neither uranium, heavy-metal, steel nor zirconium mass replaces whole-assembly net mass. Fuel type, isotope identity and non-irradiated state require actual supplier/lot certification; a source classification, elemental CAS number or generic rod description does not establish them. The reference UUID is used only for the complete manufactured fuel-element delivery defined here, supported by its full finished-product fields and complete-assembly evidence; capsules, pellets and pure uranium are incompatible substitutes.

Each isotope activity requires its own qualified detector/assay report, sampling interval, calibration, detection limit, uncertainty and activity reference date in UTC with a Z suffix. Record documented reference-date adjustments separately, without inferring isotope activity from dose, purity or total alpha. Physical particle or chemical mass crossing the boundary and isotope activity are different properties of a linked release event: preserve both metrology records, but do not count the same impact contribution twice. Particle identities and fundamental quantities (including size fraction and physical mass basis) must match the selected model; total uranium mass is not a particle-fraction measurement.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Accepted sealed rods and separately finished structural components received at assembly facility
starting_condition_role	Foreground start, not elimination of upstream environmental burdens
product_classification_scope	The defined civilian PWR subset of CPC33710
recursive_input_rule	Repackaging an incoming complete assembly is a disclosed repackaging service, not this rod-assembly route; do not recursively attribute the same assembly
upstream_dataset_requirement	Complete upstream environmental provider data for sealed rods on actual quantity denominators; each separately supplied component includes manufacture, energy and delivery; missing data are not zero
disclosure	Actual providers, completeness, period, site, process boundary, receivers and excluded stages; assembly gate-to-gate result is not a complete fuel cycle

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
boundary_complete	Include receipt, assembly, acceptance, packaging, attributable utilities and waste-management environmental quantities. Upstream nuclear-material processing enters only through qualified supplier environmental backgrounds, without recipes or key parameters.	iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp
boundary_discharge	Waste transfer is a technosphere output; elementary flows record only actual environmental releases after controls. Distinguish air/freshwater and each nuclide; this boundary does not cover seawater discharge.	iaea-ssr4-2017
boundary_physical	Include all actual wet-air, H2O, chemical/particle, energy, packaging, container, maintenance and return exchanges plus stocks and paired internal links. Add individually verified atomic cards for actual missing flows. Physical accounts and service/allocated environmental accounts remain separate; missing quantities or monitoring do not establish zero.	iaea-ssr4-2017

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
assembly	Receipt, assembly, inspection and packaged delivery	required	Route in section 1	One aggregated foreground unit with independent stage metering	out_assembly

Stage links: receipt of sealed rods and separate structures → high-level assembly → completeness/mass acceptance → packaged delivery. Link utilities and waste management to their actual stages. Internal handovers have equal quantities at both ends and do not create a second finished reference flow. Keep complete physical inputs, product/packaging/return outputs, wastes, releases and stock changes; environmental attribution does not change these physical quantities.

Complete the physical ledger for all actually crossing wet air, water, moisture, evaporated water, entrained particles and chemicals, packaging, containers, maintenance materials, returned components and opening/closing stocks. Internal water reuse and interstage handovers have paired equal links and cancel at the aggregated boundary. Separately record every actual energy carrier and service with its own atomic identity, meter and provider basis; add cards for actual flows absent from this inventory rather than treating absence as zero. Purchased heat, steam, fuels and maintenance services are conditional actual exchanges, not assumed features of this route. Full physical container acquisitions, dispatches, returns, retirement and fleet stocks remain distinct from service use and allocated environmental inventory; no allocation share scales a physical mass or return quantity.

Process: Receipt, assembly, inspection and packaged delivery (assembly)

Inputs

Product flows

Received sealed fuel rods (in_rods)

Required; certified fresh civilian UO2 rods, including their cladding, sealed contents and internal hardware. Record gross receipts, supplier returns and stock change separately. No pellet or cladding input is added again.

• Selected flow: Nuclear Fuel Rod 28f5ac8d-dbfb-415d-afd2-36d0860a1cc3
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_material
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Separate zirconium-alloy spacer grid (in_zr_grid)

Conditional on this separate purchased structural component being in the actual BOM. Use only actual certified Zircaloy grid material; M5 or another incompatible alloy requires its own identity. Supplier background must include finished-grid manufacture. No default grade or proportion.

• Selected flow: Zircaloy 397d43c1-8e3e-4718-80ac-25ca8309c9b7
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_material
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Stainless-steel assembly end fitting (in_steel_end)

Conditional on separately supplied end fitting; actual steel grade, delivered condition and full component provider basis are required. Do not substitute pipe fittings or primary steel mass for finished-component supply.

• Selected flow: Stainless-steel assembly end fitting
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_material
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Purchased grid electricity (in_electricity)

Use this identity only at a 1–35 kV grid-average user supply interface. Collect assembly, inspection, ventilation and shared-service electricity; separately identify voltage, transformation losses, region, time and provider. Database property naming is retained; this is electrical energy, not heat.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Attributable metered electricity amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_energy
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Purchased cleaning water (in_water)

Conditional on water actually consumed in hardware cleaning or auxiliary services. Record treatment grade, source and meter/density basis. It is supplied liquid water, not an elementary withdrawal or solution recipe.

• Selected flow: water, process 2f102a77-b596-4289-8a8d-ce7d6e347a2d
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_water
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Protective polyethylene film (in_pe)

Conditional on actual PE protective wrap. Measure polymer film net mass separately from rods, structures and water. Verify actual resin, contamination and supplier; record classification metadata debt.

• Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_pack
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_pack
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Wooden transport cradle (in_cradle)

Conditional on actual single-use wooden cradle. Record wood condition, moisture, treatment and component supplier; it is not a pallet by assumption.

• Selected flow: Wooden transport cradle
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_pack
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_pack
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Reusable steel fuel transport container (in_container)

Conditional on actual reusable steel container fleet. This exchange records full measured new/replacement container acquisitions for the campaign physical ledger, not an allocation fraction of a circulating container. Keep dispatch/return masses, retirement and fleet stock in full and linked by container identity. Separately attribute container manufacture and maintenance environmental burdens using evidenced service use and provider denominators, never an assumed rotation count; do not charge both an allocated service and its already included manufacture.

• Selected flow: Reusable steel fuel transport container
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_pack
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_pack
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Zircaloy assembly guide tube (in_zr_tube)

Conditional on separately supplied finished guide tube certified as actual Zircaloy. Include its manufacturing in the provider, not bare-alloy production alone; M5 or another incompatible alloy needs its own identity. No tube design or process parameter is prescribed.

• Selected flow: Zircaloy 397d43c1-8e3e-4718-80ac-25ca8309c9b7
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_material
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Nickel-alloy assembly spring (in_nickel_spring)

Conditional on separately supplied finished nickel-alloy spring in the actual BOM; collect each actual alloy/grade and finished-component supplier basis. A nickel profile or ferronickel is not the delivered component.

• Selected flow: Nickel-alloy assembly spring
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_material
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Cellulose cleaning wipe (in_wipe)

Conditional on actual cellulose wipe consumption; verify supplied composition and moisture. Bare cellulose, pulp or toilet-paper stock does not establish a qualified delivered cleaning wipe.

• Selected flow: Cellulose cleaning wipe
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_material
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted complete fresh assembly (out_assembly)

1 kg; accepted complete non-irradiated civilian UO2 PWR assembly, excluding transport packaging. Include sealed fuel contents, cladding and all installed support hardware.

• Selected flow: Fuel elements (cartridges), non-irradiated, for nuclear reactors bc68ae27-dcc2-4716-aa92-264c1f7e7308
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg
• Value mode: fixed_value
• Specificity: product_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: method_formula
• Collection protocol: cp_mass
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Intact rods returned to supplier (out_return_rods)

Conditional on intact non-irradiated sealed rods returned to the supplier; track actual condition, mass, ownership and receiving record. No automatic environmental credit; reconcile purchased input and upstream provider treatment.

• Selected flow: Nuclear Fuel Rod 28f5ac8d-dbfb-415d-afd2-36d0860a1cc3
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_material
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Film delivered with assembly (out_pe)

Conditional on protective PE film leaving with the assembly; retain full physical mass. It is auxiliary packaging, not an allocated co-product or part of reference net mass.

• Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_pack
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_pack
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Wooden transport cradle delivered with assembly (out_cradle)

Conditional on the same single-use cradle leaving the gate; record the physical delivery mass and receiving party without applying the environmental allocation fraction.

• Selected flow: Wooden transport cradle delivered with assembly
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_pack
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_pack
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017; framatome-htp

Waste flows

Rejected uncontaminated zirconium-alloy grid (waste_zr)

Conditional on a rejected non-fuel structural grid sent to waste management; record actual alloy, radiation survey, receiving facility and destination. Internal reuse is not waste output.

• Selected flow: Rejected uncontaminated zirconium-alloy grid
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_waste
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Rejected uncontaminated stainless-steel end fitting (waste_steel)

Conditional on rejected end fitting sent to a receiver after contamination characterization; forming offcuts and casting scrap are incompatible identities for this assembly-only route.

• Selected flow: Rejected uncontaminated stainless-steel end fitting
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_waste
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Untreated waste polyethylene protective film (waste_pe)

Conditional on discarded PE wrap; record cleanliness, grade and actual receiver. A cleaned mechanical-recycling feed is not the same delivered waste state.

• Selected flow: Untreated waste polyethylene protective film
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_waste
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Uranium-contaminated cellulose cleaning wipe (waste_wipe)

Conditional on this actual contaminated solid waste; characterize cellulose, moisture and contamination/activity separately. An intact rejected sealed rod is returned product or its own radioactive waste, not this wipe.

• Selected flow: Uranium-contaminated cellulose cleaning wipe
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_waste
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Untreated assembly-hardware cleaning wastewater (wastewater)

Conditional on off-site treatment of this actual liquid waste; record water and individual contaminants with receiver and treatment basis. Do not also record its contained radionuclides as a direct freshwater release at this gate.

• Selected flow: Untreated assembly-hardware cleaning wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_water
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Unopened rejected UO2 sealed fuel rod (waste_rods)

Conditional on an intact fresh rejected rod transferred to authorized radioactive waste management instead of supplier return. Record complete rod mass and isotope activity separately; no spent-fuel or separated powder substitute.

• Selected flow: Unopened rejected UO2 sealed fuel rod
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_waste
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Elementary flows

Liquid water discharged to freshwater (water_release)

Conditional on measured direct liquid-water discharge to freshwater after controls. This Volume/m3 exchange is the net H2O portion, not the whole mixed liquid or carrier volume. Establish it from independently evidenced liquid composition, water mass and a compatible density/volume basis; retain whole-liquid mass/volume and each dissolved or suspended constituent separately. No water-vapour or freshwater resource-withdrawal identity. Do not also count the same liquid as off-site wastewater transfer.

• Selected flow: Water 5e50fc01-19c6-4377-a1cc-bc65a12498ea
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_water_release
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_water_release
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Uranium-238 discharge to air (u238_air)

Conditional on measured uranium-238 discharge to outdoor air, unspecified subcompartment. Record isotope-resolved activity after controls; no default positive release. Do not use total alpha, total uranium mass or a long-term/correction flow. No simultaneous off-site-waste emission.

• Selected flow: uranium-238 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9c44-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Radioactivity / kBq
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_release
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_release
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Uranium-238 discharge to water (u238_water)

Conditional on measured uranium-238 discharge to freshwater. Record isotope-resolved activity after controls; no default positive release. Do not use total alpha, total uranium mass or a long-term/correction flow. No simultaneous off-site-waste emission.

• Selected flow: uranium-238 4d9a8790-3ddd-11dd-8db4-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Radioactivity / kBq
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_release
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_release
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Uranium-235 discharge to air (u235_air)

Conditional on measured uranium-235 discharge to outdoor air, unspecified subcompartment. Record isotope-resolved activity after controls; no default positive release. Do not use total alpha, total uranium mass or a long-term/correction flow. No simultaneous off-site-waste emission.

• Selected flow: uranium-235 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9c3c-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Radioactivity / kBq
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_release
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_release
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Uranium-235 discharge to water (u235_water)

Conditional on measured uranium-235 discharge to freshwater. Record isotope-resolved activity after controls; no default positive release. Do not use total alpha, total uranium mass or a long-term/correction flow. No simultaneous off-site-waste emission.

• Selected flow: uranium-235 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9c40-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Radioactivity / kBq
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_release
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_release
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Uranium-234 discharge to air (u234_air)

Conditional on measured uranium-234 discharge to outdoor air, unspecified subcompartment. Record isotope-resolved activity after controls; no default positive release. Do not use total alpha, total uranium mass or a long-term/correction flow. No simultaneous off-site-waste emission.

• Selected flow: uranium-234 4d9a8790-3ddd-11dd-8daf-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Radioactivity / kBq
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_release
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_release
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

Uranium-234 discharge to water (u234_water)

Conditional on measured uranium-234 discharge to freshwater. Record isotope-resolved activity after controls; no default positive release. Do not use total alpha, total uranium mass or a long-term/correction flow. No simultaneous off-site-waste emission.

• Selected flow: uranium-234 fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ae3f-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Radioactivity / kBq
• Amount rule: Full measured physical amount of this atomic exchange for the same period divided by the accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; never divide by item count; use cp_release
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_release
• Sources: iaea-ssr4-2017

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
allocation_physical	Subdivide by same-model campaigns and retain full physical mass, water, metal/heavy-metal and packaging-reuse accounts. Never multiply physical co-product outputs by allocation shares. No generic yield, recipe or scrap fraction.	iaea-ssr4-2017
allocation_burdens	Prefer separately metered stages/campaigns; attribute shared energy using actual causal metering evidence and demonstrate shares sum to one. Unknown causal relationships remain disclosed, without default allocation of every burden by heavy-metal mass. Rejected items, wastes and packaging receive no automatic substitution credit; do not reallocate an already allocated supplier background.	iaea-ssr4-2017
allocation_services	Preserve full physical packaging/container acquisitions, circulation, retirement, maintenance and stocks independently of service use. Attribute only environmental burdens using evidenced service pools and provider denominators; no assumed lifetime or rotation count, and no duplicated manufacture already included in a service.	iaea-ssr4-2017

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_mass	assembly	reference product	weighing	model; supplier; lot; serial; net accepted mass; fuel-compound mass; elemental heavy-metal mass; cladding mass; support-metal mass by material; moisture; package tare	Calibrated weighing or traceable accepted complete-assembly net-mass records; reconcile supplier certified mass accounts; accepted net-mass total; all exchanges per 1 kg reference flow	kg	each accepted lot	whole declared campaign	complete accepted assembly at gate	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; acceptance; supplier certificate
cp_material	assembly	purchased rods and structural components; returned rods	supplier and stock records	SKU; sealed status; lot; gross receipts; installed mass; supplier returns; opening/closing stock; each support component; provider denominator	Weigh or reconcile actual certified supplier net-mass records by delivered identity and lot; same-period physical and stock reconciliation; per 1 kg reference flow	kg	each receipt and campaign closure	same campaign	assembly inputs, returns and stocks	per 1 kg reference flow	supplier BOM; invoices; delivery/return receipts; provider scope
cp_energy	assembly	electricity	meter log	stage; interval; voltage; meter reading; utility sharing evidence; provider; reference quantity	Read calibrated meters and verify complete assembly/support-services coverage; attributable same-period electricity per 1 kg reference flow	MJ	each metered interval	same campaign	assembly and attributable utilities	per 1 kg reference flow	meter calibration; provider voltage/region/time; causal allocation record
cp_water	assembly	cleaning water and wastewater	meter and discharge records	source; treatment; water mass; density if volume meter; wastewater mass; contaminants; stock/reuse; receiver	Meter or weigh water and wastewater separately; verify actual treatment/receiver; retain water balance; same-period water/wastewater per 1 kg reference flow	kg	each metered interval and transfer	same campaign	cleaning and auxiliary boundary	per 1 kg reference flow	meter calibration; density measurement; sample and receiver records
cp_pack	assembly	packaging input/output and container fleet	weighing and reuse ledger	material; grade; moisture; incoming/outgoing single-use mass; container serial; full new/replacement acquisitions; dispatch/return/retirement mass; opening/closing fleet stock; maintenance inputs and wastes; service use; provider denominator; environmental allocation shares	Weigh full packaging and container physical exchanges; pair dispatch/return records; reconcile fleet stocks; keep service use and manufacture/maintenance environmental attribution separate, without assumed life; per 1 kg reference flow	kg	each delivery and campaign closure	same campaign	packaging and fleet interface	per 1 kg reference flow	tare; supplier; delivery/return and fleet records; service allocation evidence
cp_waste	assembly	each waste identity	transfer record	mass; material; moisture; isotope-resolved activity; contamination; storage change; receiver; destination	Characterize and weigh each segregated waste; retain authorized receiving evidence; same-period transferred waste per 1 kg reference flow; stock separately	kg	each transfer and stock closure	same campaign	assembly waste-management interface	per 1 kg reference flow	scale calibration; laboratory; waste transfer and stock records
cp_release	assembly	each nuclide and medium	monitoring	isotope; detector/assay report; calibration; sampling location; medium/submedium; isotope activity concentration; matching gas/liquid discharge quantity; sampling interval; activity reference date UTC Z; control stage; background; detection limit; isotope-specific uncertainty; linked physical particle/chemical record	Use qualified isotope-resolved assay and monitoring records; integrate post-control isotope concentration with matched measured discharge quantity on the same reference-date basis; retain non-detect uncertainty and coverage; link physical releases without duplicate impact contribution; per 1 kg reference flow	kBq	site monitoring programme intervals	same campaign	actual outdoor-air or freshwater release point	per 1 kg reference flow	detector and laboratory QA; calibration; sampling; reference-date and monitoring coverage records
cp_water_release	assembly	net H2O portion of freshwater liquid release	discharge meter and composition record	whole-liquid mass/volume; H2O mass; independently evidenced composition; water density and conditions; net H2O volume basis; receiving freshwater; meter interval; post-control stage; isotope/chemical sample coverage; event links	Measure whole discharge and independently establish its net H2O portion on a compatible density/volume basis; keep every solute/suspended constituent and isotope activity separate with matched intervals; per 1 kg reference flow	m3	each discharge interval	same campaign	direct freshwater outlet	per 1 kg reference flow	meter calibration; composition and density evidence; receiver and sample records

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
campaign_basis	all inventory rows	Divide full measured physical exchange totals and separately evidenced service attribution for the same period by accepted assembly net-mass total in cp_mass; out_assembly is fixed at 1 kg; never divide by count.	cp_mass; cp_material; cp_energy; cp_water; cp_pack; cp_waste; cp_release; cp_water_release	Atomic exchange amount per 1 kg reference flow	iaea-ssr4-2017

Reconcile physical quantities before attribution: opening stock + all physical boundary inputs = complete product + returned items + transferred waste + all physical boundary releases + closing stock. Total mass and each conserved element have no reaction source or sink; include wet-air and liquid components and resolve any residual with measurement uncertainty and missing-flow evidence, never a fabricated reaction term. A chemical-species ledger may separately record evidenced formation/consumption, including H2O, without changing total mass or element conservation. Nested fuel-compound, elemental uranium/heavy-metal, cladding and support-metal accounts must not be added twice or substituted for whole assembly mass. Use actual supplier certificates or mass tests; do not infer from generic purity, yield or recipe. Activity and mass have separate accounts; without independent nuclide and metrology evidence, do not infer isotope kBq from total alpha, dose, kg or assumed proportions.

Normalize full measured physical exchanges and separately calculated service/environmental attribution to the same accepted assembly net-mass total. Record the physical ledger, service-use ledger, allocation shares and allocated environmental inventory separately. Shared-service shares sum to one only over their declared service pool, without changing full product, waste or return quantities. Link constituent mass, particle mass, activity and carrier water by event and interval; a nested constituent is not additional bulk mass, and duplicate characterization of a contribution is excluded explicitly. A permit value is a limit, not an actual release measurement or proof of no release; neither safety guidance nor chemical BREF supplies a default discharge here.

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
complete_provider	upstream and reference	Preserve physical identity, completeness, actual provider quantity/environmental denominator, time, geography and allocation; missing items are not zero and a UUID does not establish complete background.	Original provider environmental data and acceptance certificates
environmental_coverage	all exchanges	Include every actual BOM material and consumed utility; additional actual flows need individually verified atomic identities. No supplied-solution default; if actually used, account separately for each component, active matter and carrier water and add atomic cards. Missing monitoring is not zero release; disclose uncovered nuclides/chemicals.	Actual invoices, campaign records, discharge and waste survey

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
validate_identity	Confirm complete non-irradiated civilian UO2 PWR assembly, distinct rod identity and provider start/end states; exclude the other fuels above; finished identity cannot represent rods or pellets.	framatome-htp; iaea-ssr4-2017
validate_balance	Same-period, same-model net-mass denominator applies across bilingual reference, inventory, collection and calculation; reconcile full physical/water/heavy-metal/support-metal and packaging accounts before environmental attribution; allocated mass is not physical output.	iaea-ssr4-2017
validate_releases	Check each nuclide, medium, unit and detection coverage; never sum total alpha/total uranium with their isotope components; nuclides in off-site wastewater/solid waste are not direct releases here; retain every evidenced emission. Report absent monitoring coverage, detection limits or unresolved identities.	iaea-ssr4-2017
validate_metrology	Require isotope-specific detector/assay evidence, calibration, uncertainty and UTC Z activity reference date for kBq. Link physical chemical/particle mass and radioactivity without duplicate characterization; particle fundamental quantities must match the model. Net H2O Volume/m3 is not whole-liquid volume. Total mass and element balances have no reaction source/sink; species formation/consumption is a separate evidenced account. A permit limit is not an actual release.	iaea-ssr4-2017

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Public assembly/delivery environmental foreground dataset
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	Civilian environmental LCA with matching physical and provider denominators
excluded_use	Nuclear-material preparation, design/optimization, key-parameter inference, radiological safety/licensing decisions or full-fuel-cycle claims
required_metadata	Section 3 qualifiers, denominator, provider backgrounds, stage coverage and attribution
required_quality_disclosure	Identity metadata defects, missing provider/nuclide monitoring/actual materials, detection limits, uncertainty and unresolved items
update_trigger	Changes in SKU, provider, delivery state, material, utilities, monitoring or quantity basis

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
iaea-ssr4-2017	official_guidance	IAEA, Safety of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities, SSR-4 (2017), 1.8 (printed 3/PDF23), 9.102–9.108 (printed 110–111/PDF130–131); https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/PUB1791_web.pdf	Nuclear-facility scope and environmental record categories. No LCI factors, recipes, permit limits or quantity defaults. Denominator, physical/species/service accounts and metrology requirements are authored PCR collection rules.
framatome-htp	handbook	Framatome, PWR Fuel Assembly HTP, A0529, manufacturer original; https://www.framatome.com/solutions-portfolio/portfolio/product/A0529/pwr-fuel-assembly-htp; HTP product sheet PS_US_328_ENG_05_18, pages 1–2; https://www.framatome.com/solutions-portfolio//app/uploads/2025/09/a0529-p-us-g-en-328-05-18-htp.pdf	Example of civilian PWR complete-assembly and zirconium-alloy-cladding category. One manufacturer; no generic mass, energy, recipe or design requirement.