Patent fuel and similar solid fuels manufactured from hard coal

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers foreground data packages for patent fuel and similar solid fuels manufactured by formulation and shaping of hard-coal fines. Patent fuel means binder-agglomerated hard-coal fuel, not a legal patent claim. Brown-coal and peat briquettes, wood charcoal, coke and semi-coke have distinct boundaries. Coal rank, binder, moisture, forming and curing route materially affect collection requirements; brown-coal or charcoal energy intensities cannot be transferred without evidence. unsd-cpc-3-structure-2025; unsd-energy-questionnaire-2024.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.ores-and-minerals-electricity-gas-and-water.coal-and-peat.patent-fuel-and-similar-solid-fuels-manufactured-from-hard-coal
classification_refs	CPC 3.0:11020
covered_products	Patent fuel and similar shaped hard-coal solid fuels; bituminous and anthracite formulations
excluded_products	Unshaped raw coal; brown-coal or peat briquettes; wood charcoal; coke and semi-coke; standard-coal equivalents
representative_product	Accepted hard-coal briquette fuel at factory gate
production_route	Feed receipt and size preparation; binder preparation and mixing; pressure forming; drying or curing when needed; screening and internal recycle; storage and dispatch packaging
market_state	Solid shaped fuel, as-produced moisture, bulk or declared packaging state

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide combustible manufactured hard-coal fuel accepted at the factory gate
How much	1 kg reference flow
How well	Declare coal rank, formulation, moisture, ash, sulfur and as-produced net calorific value; accepted to the declared sales specification
How long or cycle	One factory-gate production delivery; subsequent combustion heat service is outside the declaration
reference_flow_link	finished_fuel

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Hard-coal briquette fuel
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	Coal rank; hard-coal origin; individual binder/additive masses; curing route; moisture; net calorific value and basis; ash and sulfur; size and strength specification; packaging; site and year

Record every qualifier in the data package. Net reference product mass includes product moisture and binder, excludes packaging, and must not be replaced by standard-coal equivalent.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product	Mass	kg	Weigh net fuel mass as produced; every inventory row uses the same denominator per 1 kg reference flow. Use cp_output.
moisture_basis	coal feed and finished fuel	Mass	kg	Record wet-basis moisture separately. Dry mass equals wet mass multiplied by one minus the wet-basis moisture fraction; retain original wet mass.
carrier_units	electricity_input; dryer_gas; steam_input	Energy; Volume; Mass	MJ; m3; kg	Convert electricity using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ. Declare natural-gas meter temperature and pressure. Record steam mass; do not treat it directly as delivered heat energy.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Received hard-coal feed of declared rank, moisture and particle size plus separately supplied binders
starting_condition_role	Foreground modelling entry, not an upstream burden exclusion
product_classification_scope	Patent fuel and similar hard-coal manufactured solid fuels; CPC 3.0:11020
recursive_input_rule	Record externally purchased same-category recycled briquettes as a separate supplier input linked to upstream data. Internal fines and broken-briquette recycle is a loop, not a new external input, output or credit.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link applicable upstream datasets for coal extraction, beneficiation and delivery to site, binder, packaging and utilities; disclose missing coverage.
disclosure	Feed origin; received state; recycle flows; route and pollution control; upstream links; gate boundary and exceptions

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_manufacture	manufacture	Include actual feed preparation, mixing, forming, conditioning, internal handling, losses and pollution control from receipt through the product gate. Drying and binder requirements depend on coal characteristics; do not assume a universal route.	epa-coal-conversion-1979
boundary_upstream	foreground data package	Represent upstream supplies with linked datasets; received feed is not burden-free. Document delivery links. Post-gate distribution, combustion and packaging disposal belong to separately declared downstream scenarios.
boundary_inventory	manufacture	Record all actual external exchanges within the declared collection boundary. For other binders, fuels or packaging actually used, add specific atomic rows and collection records; never use category rows or assumed zeros. Capital-equipment construction is outside this operating package and must be disclosed.

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
manufacture	Manufactured hard-coal fuel production	required	All covered products	foreground_production	1 kg reference flow

Receipt, mixing, forming, conditioning, screening and packaging form one integrated foreground process with a common gate-output denominator; retain unit-operation measurements when available. The EPA report supports process identification only, not a current industry consumption range. Card inclusion conditions determine applicability; absence requires evidence.

Process: Manufactured hard-coal fuel production (manufacture)

Inputs

Product flows

Bituminous hard-coal feed (bituminous_feed)

When bituminous hard coal is used; supplier rank and fines size must be declared.

• Selected flow: hard coal a2bec48b-8347-4582-8cca-fa9d09ce0ac1

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_material; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)

• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_material

• Inclusion condition: When bituminous hard coal is used; supplier rank and fines size must be declared.

• Sources: epa-coal-conversion-1979

Anthracite feed (anthracite_feed)

When anthracite is used, including blends with bituminous coal; do not duplicate the same feed mass.

• Selected flow: hard coal, anthracite 9ff1d63b-2eab-4f82-969a-71dd1474f0f1

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_material; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)

• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_material

• Inclusion condition: When anthracite is used, including blends with bituminous coal; do not duplicate the same feed mass.

• Sources: epa-coal-conversion-1979

Coal-tar pitch binder (pitch_binder)

When coal-tar pitch is added as binder; not petroleum asphalt.

• Selected flow: Coal-tar pitch

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_material; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)

• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_material

• Inclusion condition: When coal-tar pitch is added as binder; not petroleum asphalt.

• Sources: epa-coal-conversion-1979

Starch binder solids (starch_binder)

When neat starch is used as binder; record any water separately.

• Selected flow: Starch e5842f16-31b3-4ea4-b16a-f7b06beeb6c3

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_material; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)

• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_material

• Inclusion condition: When neat starch is used as binder; record any water separately.

• Sources: epa-coal-conversion-1979

Purchased tap water (mixing_water)

When tap water crosses the site boundary for mixing, cleaning or dust suppression; internal recirculation is not a new input.

• Selected flow: Tap water d1e0e36c-07f0-4a75-bdcb-efb5d9e2ac36
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_material; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Inclusion condition: When tap water crosses the site boundary for mixing, cleaning or dust suppression; internal recirculation is not a new input.

Manufacturing electricity (electricity_input)

Include metered electricity for size preparation, mixing, pressing, conditioning, handling and pollution control.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 0e0b235d-9043-11d3-b2c8-0080c8941b49
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_energy; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Inclusion condition: Include metered electricity for size preparation, mixing, pressing, conditioning, handling and pollution control.

Purchased steam (steam_input)

When industrial steam is purchased for binder heating or drying; declare steam conditions and condensate return.

• Selected flow: Industrial steam ea4e839d-d854-4a7a-a362-b4ccb8dc61ff
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_energy; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Inclusion condition: When industrial steam is purchased for binder heating or drying; declare steam conditions and condensate return.

Natural gas for on-site heating (dryer_gas)

When natural gas is burned on site; separate it from coal incorporated into the finished fuel.

• Selected flow: Pipeline-quality natural gas 7766e51e-0b64-4fbb-89cb-489c33293137
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_energy; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Inclusion condition: When natural gas is burned on site; separate it from coal incorporated into the finished fuel.

Polyethylene film packaging (pe_film)

When polyethylene film is used for dispatch packaging; exclude packaging from the reference product mass.

• Selected flow: Polyethylene film
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_material; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Inclusion condition: When polyethylene film is used for dispatch packaging; exclude packaging from the reference product mass.

Outputs

Product flows

Saleable hard-coal manufactured fuel (finished_fuel)

Always include accepted net fuel output at the factory gate; retain as-produced moisture.

• Selected flow: Hard-coal briquette fuel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_output
• Inclusion condition: Always include accepted net fuel output at the factory gate; retain as-produced moisture.

Waste flows

Collected coal dust sent for disposal (coal_dust_disposal)

When collected coal dust leaves the site as waste; internally recycled fines are not an external waste output.

• Selected flow: Collected coal dust for disposal
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_waste; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Inclusion condition: When collected coal dust leaves the site as waste; internally recycled fines are not an external waste output.

Briquetting process wastewater sent for treatment (process_wastewater)

When a distinct process wastewater stream is transferred to treatment; record its composition and treatment destination.

• Selected flow: Coal-briquetting process wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_waste; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Inclusion condition: When a distinct process wastewater stream is transferred to treatment; record its composition and treatment destination.

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide to air (fossil_co2)

When fossil fuel is burned within the manufacturing boundary; exclude later combustion of the saleable product.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_air; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Inclusion condition: When fossil fuel is burned within the manufacturing boundary; exclude later combustion of the saleable product.

Fossil carbon monoxide to air (fossil_co)

When on-site fossil combustion emits carbon monoxide to outdoor air.

• Selected flow: carbon monoxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-924e-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_air; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Inclusion condition: When on-site fossil combustion emits carbon monoxide to outdoor air.

Nitrogen dioxide to air (nitrogen_dioxide)

When nitrogen dioxide is emitted to outdoor air; a NOx-as-NO2 total is not a measured NO2 species amount.

• Selected flow: Nitrogen dioxide to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_air; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Inclusion condition: When nitrogen dioxide is emitted to outdoor air; a NOx-as-NO2 total is not a measured NO2 species amount.

Sulfur dioxide to air (sulfur_dioxide)

When sulfur dioxide is emitted to outdoor air from on-site heating or conditioning.

• Selected flow: Sulfur dioxide to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_air; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Inclusion condition: When sulfur dioxide is emitted to outdoor air from on-site heating or conditioning.

Total particulate dust to air (particulate_air)

When stack or fugitive particulate dust is emitted; report total particulate without pretending a PM10 size cut.

• Selected flow: Particulate matter, particle size unspecified 0ce3dedb-caca-407b-a856-a90470eb8ec0
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect the measured exchange per 1 kg reference flow using cp_air; retain campaign totals and net output weighing records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Inclusion condition: When stack or fugitive particulate dust is emitted; report total particulate without pretending a PM10 size cut.

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivide	manufacture	Separate formulations using distinct campaigns, unit-operation measurements and operating time. Partition shared electricity with measured operating time and power; disclose and test alternatives when causality is not demonstrated.
allocation_grade	saleable_outputs	For multiple grades of the same fuel from one indivisible campaign, partition joint operating burdens by actual net saleable mass; disclose calorific differences and energy-allocation sensitivity.
allocation_recycle	internal_fines	Internal fines receive no avoided-burden credit; their rehandling and repressing energy remains included. Link waste treatment; declare product or waste status for any sold by-product and prevent duplicate credits.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_output	manufacture	finished_fuel	weighing	campaign; net finished mass; tare; moisture; ash; sulfur; NCV; acceptance	Weigh accepted fuel on calibrated scales excluding packaging; test representative same-campaign samples and record methods	kg	batch and shift	declared complete campaign including downtime and start-up	same plant and formulation	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; weigh tickets; assay and acceptance records
cp_material	manufacture	material_inputs	weighing	individual flow; supplier; receipts and stock; dosing; moisture; recipe; packaging mass	Reconcile each material using weighing, dosing and opening/closing stock; volume-to-mass conversion requires measured density; divide campaign totals by same-period cp_output net finished mass to obtain the per-kg intensity.	kg	batch and campaign boundaries	same period as cp_output	manufacturing boundary	per 1 kg reference flow	weigh/supplier tickets; stock ledger; dosing; calibration
cp_energy	manufacture	electricity_input; steam_input; dryer_gas	metering	meter start/end; steam pressure/temperature; gas temperature/pressure; same-period output; shared-load drivers	Meter electricity, steam and gas separately; convert electricity to MJ; reconcile purchase records and shared-load partition; divide campaign totals by same-period cp_output net finished mass to obtain the per-kg intensity.	MJ; kg; m3	shift and campaign	same period as cp_output	manufacturing and pollution-control equipment	per 1 kg reference flow	calibration; invoices; operating time and partition evidence
cp_waste	manufacture	coal_dust_disposal; process_wastewater	waste_transfer	individual waste mass; moisture/composition; destination; recycle amount; transfer records	Weigh coal dust and wastewater separately; reconcile transfer and recycle ledgers; wastewater volume conversion requires measured density; divide campaign totals by same-period cp_output net finished mass to obtain the per-kg intensity.	kg	each transfer	same period as cp_output	site exports	per 1 kg reference flow	transfer records; water assay; destination; recycle ledger
cp_air	manufacture	fossil_co2; fossil_co; nitrogen_dioxide; sulfur_dioxide; particulate_air	emission_measurement	species; release point; concentration; gas volume; hours; method; fuel carbon; fossil fraction; particle size; captured mass	Prefer monitoring; integrate species concentration times gas volume on matching temperature/pressure basis. CO2 may use a measured fuel-carbon balance with oxidation and non-CO2 carbon flows. Without a method or representative sample, do not enter zero; divide campaign totals by same-period cp_output net finished mass to obtain the per-kg intensity.	kg	representative modes and full operating duration	same period as cp_output	site stack and fugitive releases	per 1 kg reference flow	monitoring; calibration; carbon balance; mode representativeness; detection limits

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
campaign_intensity	all inventory rows	Divide each campaign exchange total by same-period accepted net finished fuel mass; finished product row is fixed to 1 kg.	cp_output; cp_material; cp_energy; cp_waste; cp_air	exchange amount per 1 kg reference flow
moisture_conversion	bituminous_feed; anthracite_feed; finished_fuel	Dry mass equals wet mass times one minus wet-basis moisture fraction; diagnostic balance only, not a replacement gate denominator.	cp_output; cp_material	diagnostic dry mass

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_formulation	manufacture	Declare coal rank, all actual binders/additives, formulation, route and controls; illustrative rows do not replace the actual recipe.	recipe ledger and supplier specification
dq_representative	all inventory rows	Collect all operating modes, losses and recycle for the same period; disclose gaps and substitutions; distinguish missing from zero.	raw records and completeness ledger
dq_energy	finished_fuel	Distinguish wet/dry and gross/net calorific bases; declare measured as-produced NCV per kg gate mass; embodied fuel energy is not manufacturing energy input.	same-batch tests and method disclosure

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validate_identity	finished_fuel	Confirm manufactured hard-coal fuel and all qualifiers; reference amount and output row both equal 1 kg; packaging is outside the denominator.	unsd-energy-questionnaire-2024
validate_balance	manufacture	Reconcile coal, binder, water, net product, recycle and exports; disclose moisture evaporation, stock change and balance residual; interpret with instrument uncertainty rather than an invented tolerance.
validate_atomic	all inventory rows	Each row represents one exchange or species; check unit, applicability, destination and evidence. Do not treat NOx-as-NO2 totals as NO2 or sum total particulate with its size fractions.
validate_normalization	all inventory rows	Check same period, formulation and per 1 kg reference flow denominator. Exclude later product combustion; do not repeat upstream purchased-steam combustion emissions on site.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Manufacturing foreground data package
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	Supply processes for declared hard-coal fuel formulation and gate state, linked into later life-cycle models
excluded_use	Unqualified heat-service equivalence, comparison across coal rank or binder, and brown-coal, charcoal or coke substitution
required_metadata	Site; year; coal rank; formulation; moisture/NCV basis; boundary; collection period; allocation; upstream and treatment links
required_quality_disclosure	Missing exchanges and identities; estimates; monitoring representativeness; uncertainty; balance residual; absence evidence
update_trigger	Change in feed, recipe, equipment, heating source, controls or sales-moisture specification

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-structure-2025	official_guidance	UNSD, Central Product Classification Version 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv ; rows 432-444; retrieved 2026-09-30	Classification identity and neighbouring categories
unsd-energy-questionnaire-2024	official_guidance	UNSD, Guidelines for the 2022 Annual Questionnaire on Energy Statistics, May 2024, page 8. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energy/energy-questionnaire-guidelines.pdf ; retrieved 2026-09-30	Patent-fuel definition and brown-coal, peat and coke exclusions; semantic basis for professional Chinese title
epa-coal-conversion-1979	official_guidance	US EPA, Coal Conversion Control Technology, Volume II: Gaseous Emissions; Solid Wastes, EPA-600/7-79-228b, October 1979, printed page 813. https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=9101FVE8.TXT ; retrieved 2026-09-30	Forming, binder, fines recycle and conditional drying process identification; historical discussion is not a current range