Other watch or clock parts (including jewels, cases and metal watch bands)

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR applies to the cradle-to-factory-gate production of a declared finished watch or clock part covered by the semantic boundary of CPC 48490. Covered outputs include watch or clock cases and case components, metal watch bands and their links, synthetic jewel bearings prepared as watch or clock parts, and other separately marketable watch or clock parts not classified as complete movements. The dataset shall represent one declared part design and shall not average unlike part types, materials, or finishing routes unless the product mix and weighting basis are disclosed.

Finished watches, finished clocks, complete watch or clock movements, time-recording apparatus, non-metal watch straps, unworked clock or watch glass blanks, repair services, and distribution services are excluded. Upstream production of metals, synthetic corundum, chemicals, electricity, and water is represented by supplier datasets. Use, maintenance, distribution, and end-of-life of the finished watch or clock are outside the boundary.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.medical-appliances-precision-and-optical-instruments-watches-and-clocks.other-watch-or-clock-parts-including-jewels-cases-and-metal-watch-bands
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 48490, exact semantic correspondence (un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025)
covered_products	Finished watch or clock cases and case components; metal watch bands and links; synthetic jewel bearings made as watch or clock parts; other separately marketable watch or clock parts within CPC 48490
excluded_products	Complete watches; complete clocks; complete movements; non-metal watch straps; unworked clock or watch glass blanks; repair, manufacturing-service, and trade-service outputs
representative_product	A declared finished watch or clock part meeting its drawing and release specification; a stainless-steel case component or metal watch-band link is the representative metal route, while a synthetic jewel bearing is a conditional precision-mineral route
production_route	Configuration-specific forming or precision machining, optional aqueous cleaning and surface treatment, finishing, inspection, and release; the actual route and all skipped conditional exchanges shall be declared
market_state	Saleable finished part at the manufacturing-site gate, after inspection and before incorporation into a complete watch, clock, or movement; removable transport packaging excluded

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provision of a declared finished watch or clock part ready for incorporation into a watch, clock, or movement, or for sale as a replacement part
How much	1 kg of saleable finished part at the manufacturing-site gate
How well	Conforming to the declared drawing and release specification for material grade, dimensions and tolerances, surface finish or coating, and applicable skin-contact requirements
How long or cycle	One production lot; no use-stage lifetime or timekeeping service is asserted
reference_flow_link	Net mass of conforming saleable parts released from the represented production lot, excluding rejects, process scrap, and removable transport packaging

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Finished watch or clock part (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	part type and drawing or stock-keeping identity; material and alloy or synthetic-jewel specification; dimensions and tolerance class; surface finish and coating stack; production technology; saleable product state; site and country or region; production period; recycled-content claim where applicable; skin-contact status; mass inclusion and packaging exclusions

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Reference product and all mass-normalized inventory	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize inventory to 1 kg of conforming saleable finished parts. Include integral coatings and permanently assembled subcomponents; exclude rejects, process scrap, fixtures, and removable transport packaging from reference-product mass.
count_to_mass	Records maintained by item count	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Convert counts to mass using a lot-specific mean mass from a documented representative sample or verified engineering mass. Retain sample size, scale calibration, and calculation.
electricity_energy	Purchased electricity	Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66	MJ	Preserve metered kWh in raw records and convert to MJ using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ. Declare voltage level, grid geography, on-site generation treatment, and whether facility losses are included.
water_mass	Process water	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Prefer direct mass records; when volume is metered, convert with a documented temperature-appropriate density and retain the original volume and conversion assumption.

5. System Boundary

Include receipt of production materials at the foreground gate; forming, cutting, machining, grinding, polishing, drilling, jewel shaping, cleaning, rinsing, surface treatment, coating, inspection, rework, and on-site treatment when performed for the declared part; direct utilities; direct wastes; and direct elementary emissions. The precise route is configuration-specific. Aqueous chemical or electrolytic surface treatment is conditional and shall include its material, water, power, waste, and emission exchanges when operated (eu-jrc-stm-bref-2006, us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20).

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_foreground_operations	foreground manufacturing	Include every on-site operation from receipt of production stock through release of the saleable part, including rework and on-site waste or emission controls attributable to the product.
boundary_surface_treatment	aqueous chemical or electrolytic surface treatment	Include cleaning, rinsing, rectifier electricity, bath make-up chemicals, drag-out or bath losses, wastewater, treatment residues, and direct mists when the declared route uses them.	eu-jrc-stm-bref-2006; us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20
boundary_exclusions	downstream stages	Exclude assembly into a complete movement, watch, or clock; distribution; use; maintenance; and end-of-life unless the study explicitly extends the system and reports those additions separately.

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased production stock and chemicals delivered to the manufacturing-site gate, with material grade, stock form, supplier geography, recycled content, and delivery state declared
starting_condition_role	Foreground gate for part manufacture; upstream extraction, refining, alloy production, synthetic-corundum production, chemical production, and energy supply remain in linked upstream datasets
product_classification_scope	Separately marketable watch or clock parts within the semantic boundary of CPC 48490; classification is mapping context rather than canonical PCR identity
recursive_input_rule	If a purchased input is itself a finished part within this PCR boundary, record it as a product input with its own upstream dataset and do not recursively remodel its manufacture in the same foreground process
upstream_dataset_requirement	Each purchased material, chemical, electricity, and water input shall link to a geographically and technologically representative upstream dataset; proxies require explicit disclosure and sensitivity review
disclosure	Declare part type, bill of materials, alloy or synthetic-jewel grade, route steps, surface-treatment chemistry, rework, yield, subcontracted operations, waste treatment, air-release compartment, site geography, production period, and packaging exclusions

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
part_manufacture_release	Manufacture, finishing, inspection, and release of the declared watch or clock part	required	Always; each conditional inventory row is recorded only when its stated material or technology is used, and skipped rows are declared not applicable	Aggregated foreground production process	1 kg of conforming saleable finished part

Process: Manufacture, finishing, inspection, and release (part_manufacture_release)

Inputs

Product flows

Stainless-steel production stock (stainless_steel_input)

Record purchased stainless steel crossing the foreground gate when the declared part contains stainless steel. The bill of materials and receiving records determine the mass; alloy grade, stock form, supplier, recycled content, and delivery state remain foreground qualifiers.

• Selected flow: Stainless steel 84c2403f-5062-5d68-8276-838384d32b89
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Net purchased stainless-steel mass issued to represented lots, less documented returns to stores, normalized to saleable output
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_issues
• Sources: reclaru-2023-watch-straps-corrosion

Synthetic-ruby blank (synthetic_ruby_blank)

Record synthetic-ruby blanks only for a declared jewel-bearing route. The selected flow remains UUID-unresolved; do not substitute rubber, generic abrasive, or natural gemstone flows.

• Selected flow: Synthetic ruby blank (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Net mass of synthetic-ruby blanks issued to represented lots, less documented returns to stores, normalized to saleable output
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_issues
• Sources:

Purchased electricity (electricity_input)

Record electricity consumed by attributable forming, machining, jewel shaping, cleaning, surface treatment, finishing, inspection, and on-site control equipment. Allocate shared meters only by a documented causal driver.

• Selected flow: Electricity 67b723a9-6f63-4802-adca-b52ce7967d47
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered or causally allocated electricity for represented lots, converted from kWh to MJ
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_utility_meters
• Sources:

Process water (process_water_input)

Record water supplied for cleaning, rinsing, aqueous machining-fluid preparation, and attributable on-site treatment. Cooling water in a closed loop is recorded only for net make-up crossing the boundary.

• Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Metered or tank-balance process-water input attributable to represented lots
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utility_meters
• Sources: eu-jrc-stm-bref-2006; us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20

Sodium hydroxide for alkaline cleaning (sodium_hydroxide_input)

Record sodium hydroxide only when it is added to an alkaline cleaning bath used for the declared part. Record pure-substance equivalent and retain solution concentration and replenishment records.

• Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide e0abcced-0611-4c24-9290-5a2c5a0c4169
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Purchased solution mass multiplied by verified sodium-hydroxide mass fraction, adjusted for stock change and normalized to saleable output
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part using alkaline cleaning
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources: us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20

Chromium trioxide for hexavalent chromium treatment (chromium_trioxide)

Record chromium trioxide only when the declared route uses a hexavalent-chromium bath. The UUID remains unresolved because the name-matching candidate had a conflicting chemical classification.

• Selected flow: Chromium trioxide (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Pure chromium-trioxide equivalent added to attributable baths, adjusted for inventory change and documented recovery
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part using the hexavalent-chromium route
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources: us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20

Cutting fluid (cutting_fluid_input)

Record formulated cutting fluid crossing the foreground boundary when used for machining. Retain formulation type, concentrate dilution, replenishment, recovered volume, and stock change.

• Selected flow: Cutting Fluid 576d250f-4f36-4385-939d-0f03b8f95a10
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Net mass of cutting-fluid product consumed, including concentrate and make-up but excluding internally recirculated fluid
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part using cutting fluid
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_chemical_records
• Sources:

Waste flows

No waste flow is accepted as an input to this aggregated foreground process. Recycled-content claims belong to the purchased-material dataset and required qualifiers.

Elementary flows

No direct elementary input is prescribed. Any site-specific resource withdrawal crossing from the environment shall be added as its own atomic elementary-flow row in the foreground dataset.

Outputs

Product flows

Conforming finished watch or clock part (finished_watch_clock_part)

Record only parts released as conforming saleable output. The generic reference-product UUID is unresolved because available candidates represented narrower case, movement-component, or kitted-component states.

• Selected flow: Finished watch or clock part (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg reference product after normalization from measured saleable lot output
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: 1 kg conforming saleable finished part
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_output
• Sources: un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025

Waste flows

Post-industrial steel scrap (post_industrial_steel_scrap)

Record segregated steel chips, turnings, stampings, and rejected steel pieces leaving the foreground process for recycling or treatment. Apply this row only when steel is processed and disclose contamination and destination.

• Selected flow: Post-industrial steel scrap c143745d-be4f-4d8f-b403-2dcbfe685349
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured net mass of post-industrial steel scrap leaving the represented lots
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part using steel
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_shipments
• Sources:

Waste cutting oil (waste_cutting_oil)

Record waste cutting oil leaving the site only when the machining fluid is oil-based. Aqueous spent machining fluid requires a separately resolved atomic waste flow and shall not be reported under this UUID.

• Selected flow: Waste cutting oil 80d926e3-0f76-4a19-9b1e-ffec9deb1216
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass of waste cutting oil transferred off site, adjusted for documented retained inventory
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part using oil-based cutting fluid
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_shipments
• Sources:

Metal-bearing surface-treatment wastewater (metal_bearing_wastewater)

Record aqueous effluent containing dissolved or suspended treatment metals when it leaves the foreground process for on-site or off-site treatment. The UUID remains unresolved; generic cleaning wastewater is not an exact substitute.

• Selected flow: Metal-bearing surface-treatment wastewater (Tiangong UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Metered discharge mass or volume converted to mass with documented density, including attributable rinses and bath dumps and excluding internal recirculation
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part using aqueous surface treatment
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_liquid_waste
• Sources: eu-jrc-stm-bref-2006; us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20

Elementary flows

Chromium(VI) emission to air, unspecified (chromium_vi_air)

Record chromium(VI) released after control only when a hexavalent-chromium operation is used and the site cannot support a more specific air-compartment flow. Do not include upstream emissions from electricity or chemical production.

• Selected flow: chromium (vi) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-950b-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Site-measured controlled release or a documented bath-specific mass balance for the represented lots
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg conforming saleable finished part using a hexavalent-chromium route
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emissions
• Sources: us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivision	multi-product manufacturing	Prefer subdivision, lot tracing, machine time, material issues, and dedicated meters so the declared part receives directly attributable inputs and outputs.
allocation_shared_operations	unavoidable shared utilities and support operations	Use a causal physical driver such as measured machine-hours, bath loading area-time, or metered throughput. Mass allocation is allowed only when the same operation and material state make mass causal; disclose the driver and test sensitivity.
allocation_scrap	post-industrial scrap and recovered materials	Treat process scrap as a waste output at the foreground gate. Do not subtract avoided primary production or recycling credit inside the inventory; any end-of-life or substitution modelling shall be reported separately.
allocation_no_value_default	valuable parts or by-products	Economic allocation is not the default. If physical causality cannot be established and economic allocation is used, disclose prices, period, currency, allocation share, and sensitivity.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_issues	part_manufacture_release	stainless-steel stock; synthetic-ruby blanks	purchase, receiving, stores issue, return, and bill-of-material records	material identity; alloy or grade; stock form; supplier; batch; gross issue; returned quantity; recycled content	Reconcile receiving and stores movements to production orders and inventory change	kg	per issue and monthly reconciliation	Representative continuous 12-month period or all lots in a shorter declared campaign	All manufacturing sites in the dataset	Sum net issues by atomic material and divide by conforming saleable output	Purchase specification, receiving inspection, calibrated scale records, and inventory reconciliation
cp_utility_meters	part_manufacture_release	electricity; process water	utility meters, submeter logs, and production timestamps	opening and closing readings; meter id; unit; route equipment; production order; allocation driver	Read dedicated meters or allocate shared meters using documented machine-hours or throughput	kWh; m3; kg	per batch or shift, aggregated monthly	Same period as represented production	All attributable equipment and on-site controls	Subtract baselines, allocate shared use, convert units, and divide by conforming saleable output	Meter calibration, bills, time logs, and reconciliation to facility totals
cp_chemical_records	part_manufacture_release	sodium hydroxide; chromium trioxide; cutting fluid	purchase, batch make-up, issue, concentration, recovery, and stock records	chemical identity; concentration; issued quantity; returned or recovered quantity; opening and closing stock; bath or machine id	Reconcile net consumption by chemical and convert formulated product to declared pure-substance basis only where required	kg	per addition and monthly reconciliation	Same period as represented production	All applicable baths and machining equipment	Net additions plus opening stock minus closing stock and recovery, divided by conforming saleable output	Supplier certificate, concentration test, issue log, stock reconciliation, and scale calibration
cp_product_output	part_manufacture_release	conforming finished part	production order, inspection, reject, rework, and dispatch records	part identity; lot; gross output; reject mass; rework return; conforming released mass	Weigh or count released parts and convert counts using count_to_mass	kg; item	per lot	Same period as all inputs and outputs	All represented production lines and sites	Sum conforming released mass only; use it as normalization denominator	Release certificate, inspection record, scale calibration, and count-to-mass sample
cp_waste_shipments	part_manufacture_release	post-industrial steel scrap; waste cutting oil	waste container weights, manifests, recycler receipts, and inventory records	waste identity; source operation; gross and tare mass; moisture or contamination; destination; opening and closing stored mass	Weigh each outbound container and reconcile stored waste	kg	per shipment and monthly inventory	Same period as represented production	All represented production lines and waste storage	Shipments plus closing stored mass minus opening stored mass, divided by conforming saleable output	Calibrated scale ticket, waste manifest, composition evidence, and recycler receipt
cp_liquid_waste	part_manufacture_release	metal-bearing surface-treatment wastewater	effluent meter, tank transfer, laboratory, and treatment records	flow or transferred volume; density; metal species and concentration; bath origin; treatment route; recirculation	Meter discharge or reconcile tank transfers; convert volume to mass and exclude internal recirculation	m3; kg; mg/L	per discharge or continuously, aggregated monthly	Same period as represented production	All applicable surface-treatment lines and treatment units	Sum net boundary-crossing discharge mass and divide by conforming saleable output	Meter calibration, tank gauge record, laboratory chain of custody, and treatment manifest
cp_air_emissions	part_manufacture_release	chromium(VI) air emission	stack test, continuous or periodic measurement, bath operation, control-device, and production records	chromium(VI) concentration; gas flow; test duration; control status; bath current-time; represented output; release compartment	Use compliant site measurements where available; otherwise use a disclosed bath-specific mass balance and flag the estimation method	kg; mg/m3; m3/h	each required test and each operating period represented	Same production period or a justified representative test period	Every applicable hexavalent-chromium source and control device	Integrate measured release over operating time and divide by conforming saleable output	Test report, method, detection limit, instrument calibration, operating log, and control inspection

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_normalization	all inventory rows	Normalized amount = boundary-crossing amount attributable to represented lots / conforming released product mass	Attributable flow amount; conforming released mass	Flow amount per 1 kg reference product
calc_electricity_conversion	electricity	Electricity (MJ) = metered electricity (kWh) × 3.6	Metered kWh	MJ
calc_solution_active_mass	sodium hydroxide and chromium trioxide	Pure-substance mass = purchased or issued solution mass × verified mass fraction, adjusted for stock change and recovery	Solution mass; concentration; stock change; recovery	kg pure substance	us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20
calc_count_to_mass	item-count output records	Released mass = released item count × documented lot-specific mean mass	Count; representative sample masses	kg conforming released product
calc_chromium_air	chromium(VI) air release	Integrate measured concentration × dry gas flow × operating time after controls; if a mass balance is used, disclose every term and uncertainty	Concentration; gas flow; time; or bath input, recovery, waste and retained inventory	kg chromium(VI) emitted	us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	reference product and materials	Preserve part drawing or stock-keeping identity, material grade, supplier, stock form, surface finish, and Tiangong flow UUID where resolved; never aggregate unlike part types without weights.	Drawing, bill of materials, supplier certificate, receiving inspection, and flow audit
dq_temporal	all foreground records	Use a continuous representative 12-month period where available; a shorter campaign shall cover all lots and disclose seasonality, maintenance, start-up, and abnormal events.	Dated production, meter, material, waste, and maintenance records
dq_completeness	all boundary exchanges	Reconcile material input with conforming output, rejects, scrap, waste, emissions, inventory change, and documented uncertainty; explain every material imbalance.	Lot mass balance and reconciliation worksheet
dq_measurement	meters, scales, concentration tests, and emission tests	Use instruments within calibration; retain units, detection limits, sampling method, conversion factors, and data corrections.	Calibration certificates, laboratory chain of custody, and test reports
dq_route_disclosure	conditional technologies	Declare whether stainless steel, synthetic jewel material, cutting fluid, aqueous cleaning, chromium treatment, and emission controls apply; a skipped row requires a not-applicable justification.	Process flow diagram, route declaration, and production-order evidence

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_flow	functional unit and reference flow	Verify that the reference output is exactly 1 kg of one declared conforming part design and that all required qualifiers are present.	un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025
validate_inventory_accounting	inventory completeness	Confirm that every boundary-crossing material, chemical, utility, waste, and direct elementary exchange is atomic, has one direction and flow type, and is normalized to the same conforming-output mass.
validate_conditional_routes	conditional rows	Verify each conditional row against the declared bill of materials and route; require an amount when applicable and a documented not-applicable reason when absent.
validate_mass_balance	material conversion	Reconcile material inputs with conforming output, scrap, liquid wastes, direct releases, stock change, and documented measurement uncertainty; investigate unexplained gaps.
validate_surface_treatment	aqueous or electrolytic treatment	When surface treatment is used, verify bath chemistry, water, electricity, wastewater, treatment residues, and measured or calculated direct emissions against operating and control records.	eu-jrc-stm-bref-2006; us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20
validate_uuid_scope	Tiangong references	Reject narrower case, movement-component, kitted-product, external-supply waste, wrong-compartment emission, and chemically misclassified UUIDs as substitutes for the declared rows.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset or background_dataset derived from a verified foreground production package
downstream_use	Product-system modelling of a declared watch or clock part, including later assembly into a movement, watch, or clock
allowed_use	Use for the declared part design, material, finishing route, site or represented geography, technology, and production period; adaptation is allowed only when differences and sensitivity are documented
excluded_use	Finished watches or clocks; complete movements; non-metal straps; unworked glass blanks; repair or trade services; undisclosed averages across unlike parts; use-stage lifetime claims
required_metadata	PCR id and version; part identity; drawing or stock-keeping identity; material and alloy grade; dimensions; finish or coating stack; skin-contact status; site and geography; technology; production period; reference mass basis; bill of materials; route steps; allocation; upstream datasets; unresolved UUIDs
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data share; temporal, geographic, and technological representativeness; meter and scale coverage; mass-balance closure; allocation shares; proxy datasets; rework; yield; waste destinations; emission measurement methods and detection limits; excluded operations
update_trigger	Change in part design or material, alloy supplier or recycled content, forming or machining technology, surface-treatment chemistry or control, site or electricity mix, allocation driver, yield, waste route, upstream dataset, or any foreground value beyond its documented uncertainty

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Ver. 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025, row 48490. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv (retrieved 2026-09-07)	Official classification identity and semantic product boundary
eu-jrc-stm-bref-2006	official_guidance	European Commission Joint Research Centre, Reference Document on Best Available Techniques for the Surface Treatment of Metals and Plastics, adopted August 2006. https://bureau-industrial-transformation.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reference/surface-treatment-metals-and-plastics (retrieved 2026-09-07)	Conditional aqueous electrolytic or chemical surface-treatment boundary and associated activities
us-epa-ap42-electroplating-12-20	official_guidance	United States Environmental Protection Agency, AP-42 Section 12.20, Electroplating. https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-11/documents/b12s20.pdf (retrieved 2026-09-07)	Electroplating process decomposition, alkaline cleaning, rinsing, bath chemistry, and direct mist-emission collection
reclaru-2023-watch-straps-corrosion	literature	Reclaru, L. (2023), Sensitization to Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Watch Straps Intended to Come into Direct and Prolonged Contact with Skin. Coatings 13(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010018	Stainless-steel watch-band material identity and alloy-grade and skin-contact qualifiers