Machinery for cleaning or drying bottles or other containers; machinery for filling, closing, sealing, capsuling or labelling bottles, cans, boxes, bags or other containers; machinery for aerating beverages; other packing or wrapping machinery

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR applies to cradle-to-gate production of complete industrial machines and integrated machine modules whose principal function is cleaning or drying containers; filling, closing, sealing, capsuling or labelling containers; aerating beverages; or packing or wrapping products. It covers configured machinery delivered after factory acceptance, including installed controls, drives, guards and accessories declared as part of the saleable machine.

It excludes loose replacement parts sold separately, dishwashing machines, weighing machinery, spraying machinery, production of the filled or packed goods, production of packaging consumed by the machine during use, installation at the customer site, operation, maintenance and end-of-life. A study may extend those stages, but shall report them separately from this cradle-to-gate result. Because configurations differ materially, comparisons require the same function, capacity, container/product compatibility, hygiene class, included accessories, design life and boundary.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.general-purpose-machinery.machinery-for-cleaning-or-drying-bottles-or-other-containers-machinery-for-filling-clos-026d3f73
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 43921 (exact mapping context)
covered_products	Complete container-cleaning or drying machines; filling, closing, sealing, capsuling or labelling machines; beverage-aerating machines; other packing or wrapping machines; integrated modules sold as a functional machine
excluded_products	Separately sold parts; dishwashing, weighing or spraying machinery; packaging materials; packed goods; site installation services
representative_product	A factory-accepted, electrically driven packaging or filling machine with its declared frame, guards, drives, controls and shipped accessories
production_route	Procurement of product-specific materials and components; in-house fabrication or preparation where performed; final assembly; factory acceptance testing; shipment preparation
market_state	Complete configured machine at manufacturer gate, packed for dispatch where dispatch packaging is included

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide one complete configured machine capable of the declared cleaning, drying, filling, closing, sealing, capsuling, labelling, beverage-aerating, packing or wrapping function
How much	1,000 kg net mass of the factory-accepted machine
How well	Meets the declared factory-acceptance criteria, throughput, container and product compatibility, hygiene/safety class and control specification
How long or cycle	Delivered condition at the manufacturer gate; design service life is declared but is not used to scale the cradle-to-gate reference flow
reference_flow_link	1,000 kg of the configured, accepted machine described by the required qualifiers

Field	Value
Reference amount	1,000 kg
Reference product flow	Machinery for cleaning or drying bottles or other containers, machinery for filling, closing, sealing, capsuling or labelling bottles, cans, boxes, bags or other containers, machinery for aerating beverages, other packing or wrapping machinery ac3c39d8-9b77-4499-8188-02678f654b93
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	machine function; manufacturer and model/configuration; net machine mass; nominal throughput and acceptance criterion; container format and material; handled product class; product-contact material grade where applicable; installed drives and control architecture; rated electricity and auxiliary requirements; hygiene or aseptic class where applicable; design service life; manufacture site and reference year; included accessories, spare parts and dispatch packaging; factory-acceptance protocol and result

When constructing a foreground data package, every required qualifier shall be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, the reference-flow comment, product description or an equivalent field. Missing qualifiers make the reference flow incomplete.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
measurement_01	reference product and mass-based inventory	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Use net accepted-machine mass, excluding dispatch packaging, as the reference amount; report dispatch packaging in its own rows.
measurement_02	normalization	Mass	kg/1,000 kg machine	Divide each attributable cradle-to-gate exchange by accepted-machine net mass and multiply by 1,000; retain unrounded source records.
measurement_03	electricity	Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66	MJ	Preserve metered kWh in foreground records and convert with 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ; disclose grid geography, voltage and losses.
measurement_04	gases measured by volume	Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66	m3	State temperature and pressure reference conditions; do not combine oxygen, carbon dioxide or natural gas volumes.
measurement_05	reused packaging	Mass	kg	Record only the attributable mass per dispatch after applying the documented reuse count; do not count the full pallet mass on every reuse.

5. System Boundary

Include upstream production of purchased materials and components, their inbound transport when present in the foreground study, in-house fabrication/preparation, assembly, quality assurance, factory acceptance testing, treatment of manufacturing wastes and dispatch packaging up to the manufacturer gate. Use supplier-specific upstream datasets where available and do not double-count material embedded in a purchased component.

rule_id	Applies to	rule	source_ids
boundary_01	cradle-to-gate machine production	Include environmentally relevant material and energy inputs, products, wastes and direct emissions from purchased-input production through accepted-machine dispatch preparation.	eu-pef-method-2021; ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021
boundary_02	configurable machinery	Model one declared configuration; include only atomic rows that apply and explain every omitted representative row.	ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021
boundary_03	purchased assemblies	Use the purchased assembly dataset as the upstream input and exclude its embedded material rows from the foreground bill of materials unless the assembly dataset explicitly excludes them.	eu-pef-method-2021
boundary_04	excluded life-cycle stages	Keep distribution beyond the manufacturer gate, installation, use consumables, maintenance and end-of-life outside this result unless separately modelled and reported.	ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased materials and completed components are received with upstream production datasets; the foreground factory records the actual bill of materials and component procurement without double counting embedded materials.
starting_condition_role	Cradle-to-gate upstream input boundary for a configured machine
product_classification_scope	Complete machinery performing one or more functions within the CPC 43921 semantic boundary; separately sold parts are outside scope.
recursive_input_rule	If a same-category machine is purchased as an integrated module, record it once as a purchased product input with its upstream dataset and do not recursively decompose it again in the receiving foreground process.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Upstream datasets shall match material grade or component type, production technology, recycled content, supplier geography and reference year as closely as available; proxies require disclosure.
disclosure	Declare configuration, net mass, material/component boundary, in-house versus supplier operations, site/year, energy geography, testing media, packaging reuse, waste destinations and excluded stages.

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
component_fabrication	Material and component procurement and fabrication	required	Always; include in-house fabrication exchanges only when performed and purchased-component datasets otherwise	foreground production and upstream-input interface	accepted machine bill of materials per 1,000 kg net machine
final_assembly	Final machine assembly	required	Always	foreground assembly	1,000 kg accepted machine
factory_testing	Quality assurance and factory acceptance testing	required	Always; individual test media apply only when used	foreground quality assurance	accepted test protocol per 1,000 kg machine
dispatch_packaging	Dispatch preparation and packaging	conditional	Include when packaging is supplied with the machine at the manufacturer gate	foreground dispatch preparation	packaging attributable to 1,000 kg machine

Process: Material and component procurement and fabrication (component_fabrication)

Inputs

Product flows

Stainless-steel sheet for frame, enclosure and product-contact fabrication (stainless_steel_sheet)

Record purchased stainless-steel sheet incorporated into the declared machine or processed into its parts.

• Selected flow: Stainless-steel sheet
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: purchasing mass minus documented unused returns, normalized to accepted output
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass
• Sources: ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Aluminium sheet for structural or guarding parts (aluminium_sheet)

Record aluminium sheet incorporated into the machine; grade and recycled content remain foreground qualifiers.

• Selected flow: aluminium sheet 4f197be4-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: net incorporated and attributable purchased mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass
• Sources: ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Copper wire installed in electrical systems (copper_wire)

Record bare copper-wire mass; insulation is recorded separately when materiality requires it.

• Selected flow: copper wire da2d966d-fe62-44dc-ba0f-b1cd7c7cf33e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: installed copper-wire mass from bill of materials
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass
• Sources: ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Plate-glass safety guard panels (plate_glass)

Record plate glass installed as guards or viewing panels when present; declare treatment and thickness.

• Selected flow: plate glass 491a7940-d102-4981-a2b8-81bf183987df
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: installed guard-panel glass mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass
• Sources: ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Polypropylene resin incorporated into machined or moulded parts (polypropylene_resin)

Record polypropylene resin only where parts are made in-house; purchased finished plastic parts remain component inputs.

• Selected flow: Polypropylene resin
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: resin issued to attributable parts minus separately recorded scrap
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass
• Sources: ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Electric motors installed in drives (electric_motor)

Record completed purchased motors once and do not also record their embedded materials.

• Selected flow: Electric motor 014f80a3-c257-425b-9b75-3e5a18573695
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: total installed motor mass from the configuration bill of materials
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass
• Sources: ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Electricity used for in-house fabrication (fabrication_electricity)

Record metered or allocated electricity for cutting, forming, machining and welding performed by the reporting factory.

• Selected flow: Electricity 890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: attributable metered electricity converted from kWh
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_meter
• Sources: eu-pef-method-2021

Industrial oxygen for thermal cutting (industrial_oxygen)

Record oxygen only when thermal cutting is performed within the foreground boundary.

• Selected flow: Industrial oxygen bd4b0f96-2090-4806-a648-335ab20ff401
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: metered or purchase-reconciled oxygen at declared reference conditions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_process_gases
• Sources:

Carbon dioxide shielding gas for welding (carbon_dioxide_shielding_gas)

Record carbon dioxide product consumed as welding shielding gas when that welding route is used.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide 27f41c1c-535e-4d2a-bce9-2c7f4de11549
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: cylinder or bulk-supply consumption allocated to the machine
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_process_gases
• Sources:

Process water for aqueous parts cleaning (fabrication_process_water)

Record water only when parts cross an aqueous-cleaning step before assembly.

• Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: metered make-up and single-pass water attributable to cleaned parts
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources:

Sodium hydroxide for alkaline parts cleaning (sodium_hydroxide)

Record active sodium-hydroxide mass when alkaline cleaning is used; declare solution concentration.

• Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide e0abcced-0611-4c24-9290-5a2c5a0c4169
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: purchased solution mass multiplied by measured or supplier-declared NaOH fraction
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: kg active NaOH per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_chemicals
• Sources:

Natural gas for process heat (natural_gas_process_heat)

Record gaseous natural gas only when directly consumed for attributable drying, curing or other process heat.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: attributable metered gas at declared reference conditions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fuel_meter
• Sources:

Outputs

Waste flows

Post-industrial steel scrap from fabrication (steel_scrap)

Record segregated ferrous offcuts and rejects leaving fabrication as waste, before any recycling credit.

• Selected flow: Post-industrial steel scrap c143745d-be4f-4d8f-b403-2dcbfe685349
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: weighed dispatched scrap allocated to the machine
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources:

Wastewater from aqueous parts cleaning (parts_cleaning_wastewater)

Record the aqueous waste stream sent to on-site or off-site treatment; disclose composition and destination.

• Selected flow: Wastewater d2d44ce1-c0f4-461d-9413-f4b33e0d200f
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: metered or mass-balanced wastewater leaving the cleaning process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources:

Elementary flows

Direct fossil carbon dioxide from process natural-gas combustion (fossil_carbon_dioxide)

Record direct stack carbon dioxide only for natural gas combusted inside the foreground boundary; upstream emissions stay in the fuel dataset.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured direct stack emission or facility-verified fuel-carbon calculation allocated to the machine
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources:

Process: Final machine assembly (final_assembly)

Inputs

Product flows

Electricity used for final assembly (assembly_electricity)

Record electricity for assembly tools, lifting, controls integration and assembly-area services attributable to the machine.

• Selected flow: Electricity 890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: submetered electricity or documented physical allocation from the assembly area
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_meter
• Sources: ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Process: Quality assurance and factory acceptance testing (factory_testing)

Inputs

Product flows

Electricity used during factory testing (testing_electricity)

Record electricity consumed by complete factory-acceptance and safety test cycles, including attributable test auxiliaries.

• Selected flow: Electricity 890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: metered energy for the declared test protocol
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_records
• Sources: ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Process water used as a factory-test medium (testing_process_water)

Record water when the acceptance protocol runs a wet container-cleaning, filling or leak-test cycle.

• Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: metered test-water input, net of documented closed-loop carryover
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_records
• Sources: ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021

Carbon dioxide used to test beverage-aerating equipment (testing_carbon_dioxide)

Record carbon dioxide product only when the declared machine includes beverage aeration and the acceptance test consumes it.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide 27f41c1c-535e-4d2a-bce9-2c7f4de11549
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: cylinder or bulk-supply mass consumed by the test protocol
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_records
• Sources:

Process: Dispatch preparation and packaging (dispatch_packaging)

Inputs

Product flows

Wooden pallet or load board supplied for dispatch (wooden_pallet)

Record the attributable wooden-pallet mass when a pallet or load board is supplied with the machine.

• Selected flow: Pallets, box pallets and other load boards, of wood, pallet collars of wood 4b49871e-95be-4e0c-9223-9902f9eaa763
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: supplied pallet mass divided by documented reuse count where reused
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
• Sources:

Corrugated-board boxes supplied for accessories (corrugated_board_boxes)

Record corrugated boxes used for controls, change parts, tools or accessories shipped with the machine.

• Selected flow: corrugated board boxes 4f197bec-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: weighed or supplier-specified corrugated-box mass per dispatch
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net accepted machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
• Sources:

Outputs

Product flows

Factory-accepted configured machinery (reference_machine)

The reference product crosses the manufacturer gate after the declared acceptance protocol.

• Selected flow: Machinery for cleaning or drying bottles or other containers, machinery for filling, closing, sealing, capsuling or labelling bottles, cans, boxes, bags or other containers, machinery for aerating beverages, other packing or wrapping machinery ac3c39d8-9b77-4499-8188-02678f654b93
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1,000 kg net accepted-machine mass
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Generic (generic)
• Normalization basis: 1,000 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
• Sources: un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	rule	source_ids
allocation_01	shared factory processes	First subdivide meters, work orders and waste records so only exchanges directly attributable to the declared machine are included.	eu-pef-method-2021
allocation_02	residual shared utilities	Where subdivision is not feasible, allocate using a causal physical driver such as machine-hours, welding time, test duration, metered load or processed mass; document the driver.	eu-pef-method-2021
allocation_03	remaining multifunctionality	Use economic allocation only when subdivision, system expansion and a defensible physical relationship are not feasible; disclose values and sensitivity.	eu-pef-method-2021
allocation_04	fabrication scrap	Report scrap mass and treatment route separately. Do not subtract an avoided virgin-material burden inside the cradle-to-gate inventory unless the selected overarching LCA method explicitly requires and documents that treatment.	eu-pef-method-2021

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_bom_mass	component_fabrication	materials and installed components	approved bill of materials, purchase and issue records	item id; material/component description; grade; supplier; purchased mass; installed mass; scrap/return mass; assembly boundary	reconcile released configuration BOM with purchasing and stores records	kg	each configuration	production lot and reference year	reporting factory and named suppliers	sum attributable net inputs; prevent double counting between purchased assemblies and embedded materials	approved BOM revision; certificates; weigh tickets; purchase records
cp_energy_meter	component_fabrication; final_assembly	fabrication and assembly electricity	meter and work-order logs	meter start/end; kWh; area/process; work order; operating time; allocation driver	submeter preferred; otherwise physically allocate verified area meter	kWh	each work order or monthly	representative annual period including the lot	reporting factory	sum attributable kWh then convert to MJ and normalize	calibrated-meter record; reconciliation to utility invoice
cp_process_gases	component_fabrication	oxygen and shielding gas	flowmeter, cylinder or bulk-tank records	gas identity; purity; opening/closing mass or volume; reference conditions; work order	reconcile metering and inventory change to fabrication work orders	kg or m3	each cylinder/batch	production lot	reporting factory	allocate by measured use or documented cutting/welding time	supplier certificate; scale/flowmeter calibration; stock reconciliation
cp_water_chemicals	component_fabrication	cleaning water and sodium hydroxide	batch sheets, meters and chemical issue records	water input; solution mass; NaOH fraction; bath carryover; lot; work order	meter water and reconcile chemical issues; calculate active NaOH	kg	each bath or batch	production lot	reporting factory	sum attributable water; solution mass × NaOH fraction	meter calibration; SDS/specification; bath record
cp_fuel_meter	component_fabrication	process natural gas	gas meter and burner work-order log	volume; temperature/pressure basis; burner/process; operating time; allocation driver	submeter or physically allocate verified process meter	m3	each batch or monthly	representative annual period	reporting factory	sum attributable reference-condition volume	meter calibration; invoice reconciliation
cp_waste_records	component_fabrication	steel scrap and wastewater	weigh tickets, wastewater meters and transfer records	waste identity; mass/volume; source process; date; treatment destination; recovery status	reconcile internal collection and external transfer documents	kg	each transfer	production lot and reference year	reporting factory	sum attributable outputs without avoided-burden credit	weigh ticket; manifest; treatment receipt
cp_direct_emissions	component_fabrication	direct fossil carbon dioxide	stack test, continuous meter or verified facility inventory	emission mass; measurement/calculation method; fuel record link; time; allocation driver	direct measurement preferred; verified calculation retained when used	kg	each test or reporting period	representative annual period	foreground combustion sources	allocate only direct foreground emissions	calibration/test report or verified calculation file
cp_test_records	factory_testing	electricity, water and carbon dioxide test media	factory-acceptance test log and meters	protocol id; serial/configuration; test duration; kWh; water mass; CO2 mass; pass/rework result	meter complete test cycles and link them to accepted serial numbers	MJ, kg	each accepted machine	production lot	reporting test bay	include initial and repeated tests attributable to accepted output	signed acceptance report; meter records
cp_packaging_records	dispatch_packaging	dispatch packaging	packing list, packaging specification and weights	packaging item; material; unit mass; quantity; reuse count; destination	reconcile packing list with weighed or supplier-specified mass	kg	each dispatch	production lot	manufacturer gate	sum supplied packaging; divide reusable item mass by verified uses	packing list; weight evidence; reuse log

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calculation_01	all variable inventory rows	normalized amount = attributable amount / net accepted-machine mass × 1,000	attributable exchange; net accepted-machine kg	exchange per 1,000 kg machine	eu-pef-method-2021
calculation_02	electricity rows	MJ = metered kWh × 3.6	metered kWh	MJ electricity	eu-pef-method-2021
calculation_03	sodium hydroxide	active NaOH kg = solution kg × measured or supplier-declared mass fraction	solution mass; NaOH fraction	kg active NaOH
calculation_04	reusable wooden pallet	attributable pallet kg = pallet kg / verified number of uses	pallet mass; reuse count	kg pallet per dispatch

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
quality_01	product identity	Configuration and required qualifiers shall match the accepted serial number and reference product.	signed BOM release and factory-acceptance record
quality_02	completeness	Reconcile BOM mass to net machine mass and explain excluded, confidential or embedded component masses.	mass-balance worksheet and BOM reconciliation
quality_03	temporal representativeness	Foreground energy, water, fuel and waste records shall cover the production lot or a representative twelve-month period that includes it.	dated records and representativeness statement
quality_04	geography and technology	Disclose supplier and energy geography, material grades, recycled content, fabrication route, test protocol and waste destination.	supplier declarations and process metadata
quality_05	uncertainty	Report measurement, allocation and proxy uncertainty; flag all source-free category range gaps rather than treating a single EPD case as a range.	uncertainty record and unresolved-evidence review

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	rule	source_ids
validation_01	reference flow	Confirm reference output is exactly 1,000 kg net accepted machine and all required qualifiers are populated.	eu-pef-method-2021
validation_02	inventory identity	Confirm every row is one atomic exchange and every UUID-bearing English/Chinese name, flow type, property and unit matches its public state-100 audit.
validation_03	BOM boundary	Confirm purchased assemblies are not double-counted with their embedded raw materials.	eu-pef-method-2021
validation_04	process completeness	Confirm procurement/fabrication, final assembly and factory testing are represented; justify non-applicable conditional rows and dispatch packaging.	ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021
validation_05	mass balance	Reconcile net machine mass, incorporated materials/components, fabrication losses and excluded confidential mass within the stated uncertainty.
validation_06	energy and gases	Confirm electricity conversion, gas reference conditions, grid geography and separation of oxygen, carbon dioxide and natural gas.
validation_07	waste and emissions	Confirm steel scrap, cleaning wastewater and direct fossil carbon dioxide are reported only when generated, with destinations and no double-counted upstream emissions.
validation_08	allocation	Confirm subdivision was attempted first and every remaining allocation driver is causal, documented and sensitivity-tested when material.	eu-pef-method-2021
validation_09	evidence gaps	Confirm no empirical range was inferred from one product case and all unresolved UUID/range needs remain disclosed.
validation_10	bilingual alignment	Confirm English and Chinese files have identical process ids, row ids, rule ids, controlled tokens, UUIDs and source ids.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Product-specific cradle-to-gate machine production dataset
downstream_use	May be used as a secondary_dataset or background_dataset for capital-equipment or machinery-production modelling when configuration and boundary match
allowed_use	Modelling production of the declared configured machinery; scenario analysis with disclosed supplier, energy, allocation and packaging assumptions
excluded_use	Direct comparison of unlike functions/configurations; representing separately sold parts; substituting for machine use, maintenance or end-of-life; using one filling-machine case as a universal category benchmark
required_metadata	PCR id/version; machine function/model/configuration; serial or configuration reference; net mass; capacity and acceptance criteria; container/product compatibility; design life; included accessories; site/year; BOM boundary; suppliers/geographies; energy mix; allocation; testing media; dispatch packaging; waste destinations; unresolved/proxy disclosures
required_quality_disclosure	Foreground coverage; BOM reconciliation; measurement and allocation methods; temporal/geographic/technological representativeness; data gaps; uncertainty; share of supplier-specific data; verification status
update_trigger	Material change to design/BOM, mass, drive/control system, manufacturing route/site, supplier geography, energy mix, test protocol, packaging, allocation method, waste treatment or a change exceeding the study's significance threshold

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv (retrieved 2026-09-06)	Official classification identity and broad product scope
ecolean-filling-machines-epd-2021	dataset	EPD International, EPD-IES-0001057:002 (S-P-01057), Ecolean Filling Machines EL1+ and EL2+, version date 2021-09-30, https://www.environdec.com/library/epd1057 (retrieved 2026-09-06)	Representative filling-machine composition; component procurement, assembly, quality assurance and testing decomposition; scope distinctions; not used as an empirical category range
eu-pef-method-2021	official_guidance	European Commission, Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279, Annexes 1-2: Product Environmental Footprint Method, 16 December 2021, https://environment.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2021-12/Annexes%201%20to%202.pdf (retrieved 2026-09-06)	Functional unit, reference flow, system boundary, company-specific data, allocation and quality rules