Steam or other vapour generating boilers (other than central heating hot water boilers capable also of producing low pressure steam); super-heated water boilers

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR applies to the cradle-to-manufacturer-gate production of a finished boiler whose principal product function is to generate steam or another vapour, or to supply pressurized hot water above its atmospheric boiling temperature. It covers fire-tube, water-tube, hybrid and other boiler designs, including integral economizers or air preheaters when they are part of the product as sold.

It excludes central-heating hot-water boilers capable only additionally of producing low-pressure steam, separately supplied boiler auxiliary plant, separately supplied condensers, spare parts, installation at the customer site, steam distribution, feedwater treatment outside the sold boiler, operation, maintenance and end of life. A foreground package shall state whether the declared product is a steam/vapour boiler or an over-110 °C pressurized hot-water boiler; the latter is retained because it is explicitly part of the official classification even though the steam-boiler study did not model it as a separate technology.

This mass-normalized factory-gate PCR supports comparison of manufacturing inventories. It does not compare the lifetime steam or heat service of boilers with different efficiencies, pressures, capacities or service lives.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.fabricated-metal-products-except-machinery-and-equipment.steam-or-other-vapour-generating-boilers-other-than-central-heating-hot-water-boilers-c-e8d99167
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 42320 (exact classification context; mapping acceptance is governed separately)
covered_products	Finished fire-tube, water-tube, hybrid or other steam/vapour-generating boilers; finished pressurized hot-water boilers operating above 110 °C; integral efficiency components included in the product as sold
excluded_products	Central-heating boilers for hot water or low-pressure steam; separately supplied auxiliary plant, condensers and parts; complete steam-generation services or delivered steam/heat
representative_product	A factory-complete industrial steam boiler ready for shipment after pressure and quality testing
production_route	Purchased-material receipt; cutting and forming; welding and assembly; insulation or refractory installation where specified; protective coating where specified; factory inspection and hydrostatic testing; preparation for shipment
market_state	Finished boiler at the manufacturer gate, identified by dry shipped mass and declared configuration

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Production of a finished steam/vapour-generating or pressurized super-heated-water boiler at the manufacturer gate
How much	1 kg of dry, saleable boiler as shipped, excluding temporary test water
How well	Conforms to the declared boiler design, rated thermal output, working pressure, outlet medium and temperature, fuel or heat source, integral-component scope and factory acceptance requirements
How long or cycle	One production lot at factory gate; not normalized to operating life or lifetime heat output
reference_flow_link	The measured dry saleable mass of the boiler_reference_product output is normalized to 1 kg

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Steam/vapour-generating or super-heated-water boiler (UUID unresolved)
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	outlet medium; fire-tube/water-tube/hybrid/other design; rated thermal output; rated steam or hot-water capacity; maximum allowable working pressure; rated outlet temperature; fuel or heat source; integral economizer/air-preheater/burner/control scope; dry shipped mass; factory geography; production period

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_dry_mass	reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Weigh or calculate the dry saleable product mass from controlled bill-of-material and shipment records; exclude temporary hydrostatic-test water, returnable transport fixtures and separately sold auxiliary plant.
mass_normalization	all mass exchanges	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Divide reporting-period exchange mass by dry saleable boiler mass produced in the same period; preserve unrounded source quantities and conversion factors.
electricity_energy	purchased electricity	Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66	MJ	Convert metered electricity to MJ using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ and do not mix purchased electricity with fuels or purchased heat.
gas_reference_conditions	gaseous natural gas	Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66	m3	Report measured gas volume at declared reference temperature and pressure; disclose any standard-volume conversion and meter basis.
water_mass_conversion	process water and wastewater	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Use measured mass or convert measured volume with a documented density and temperature; report net input only when reuse is measured and separately disclosed.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased plates, insulation, refractory, welding consumables, coatings, energy and water cross the factory boundary with supplier and product-state records; the foreground starts at receipt by the boiler manufacturer.
starting_condition_role	Factory-gate input condition for foreground fabrication and assembly; upstream production remains represented by linked supplier or secondary datasets.
product_classification_scope	Finished boiler equipment within the semantic boundary above; classification identity does not include separately supplied auxiliary plant, boiler parts or delivered steam/heat.
recursive_input_rule	If a purchased input is itself a finished boiler in this category, record it as one disclosed supplier product input with its own upstream dataset and do not recursively reproduce its manufacture inside this foreground process.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link every purchased atomic product input to a geographically and technologically representative upstream dataset; add separate atomic rows for configuration-specific components not listed in the minimum inventory.
disclosure	Declare component scope, purchased-versus-fabricated split, boiler design and pressure class, output medium, fuel/heat source, test route, coating route, factory geography, reporting period and all exclusions.

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_factory_gate	foreground product system	Include material receipt through cutting, forming, welding, assembly, applicable insulation/refractory/coating, factory testing and shipment preparation; exclude customer-site installation, distribution, operation, maintenance and end of life.	eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014
boundary_integral_components	product configuration	Include economizers, air preheaters, burners, controls and other items only when integral to the boiler product as sold; separately supplied auxiliary plant is outside this PCR product identity and shall be modelled separately.	eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014; un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025
boundary_complete_bom	purchased and fabricated components	Reconcile the complete product bill of materials to the dry shipped mass and add each omitted configuration-specific material or component as one atomic exchange with a disclosed upstream dataset.	eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014; eu-pef-method-2021

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
boiler_manufacture	Integrated boiler fabrication, assembly, finishing and factory testing	required	Always included for a finished boiler; conditional flow cards apply only when their stated route is present	foreground production	1 kg dry saleable boiler at manufacturer gate

Process: Integrated boiler fabrication, assembly, finishing and factory testing (boiler_manufacture)

Inputs

Product flows

Carbon-steel plate for boiler pressure parts (carbon_steel_pressure_plate)

Record carbon-steel plate entering fabrication of pressure-retaining shells, drums, headers, tubesheets or other declared boiler parts. The exact pressure-vessel grade and purchased product state shall be retained in the foreground record.

• Selected flow: Carbon-steel pressure-vessel plate (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured issued mass minus documented unopened returns to stores
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass_records
• Sources: eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014

Rock-wool insulation (rock_wool_insulation)

Record rock wool installed within the sold boiler boundary. Apply only when the declared design uses rock-wool insulation; other insulation materials require separate atomic rows.

• Selected flow: rock wool 4f1a182c-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured issued mass minus documented offcuts sent to separately recorded waste routes
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass_records
• Sources: eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014

Refractory-brick lining (refractory_brick_lining)

Record refractory bricks installed in the sold boiler. Apply only when refractory brick is part of the declared configuration; castable or fibre refractory requires a separate atomic row.

• Selected flow: Refractory bricks daa9b8ab-d153-43e0-a265-48e14527f6dc
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured issued refractory-brick mass attributable to saleable boilers
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass_records
• Sources: eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014

Flux-cored welding wire (flux_cored_wire)

Record flux-cored wire consumed in pressure-part or structural welding. Apply only to flux-cored arc-welding operations; other electrodes, wires, fluxes and shielding gases require separate atomic rows.

• Selected flow: Flux Cored Wire 1b74a576-06e0-4764-97ce-11a73f8a4752
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: stores issue minus unused returns, reconciled to welding job records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass_records
• Sources: us-epa-ap42-electric-arc-welding

Industrial maintenance coating (industrial_maintenance_coating)

Record formulated protective coating applied to boiler surfaces. Apply only when a liquid industrial maintenance coating is used; powder, waterborne or other coating products require their own atomic rows.

• Selected flow: Industrial Maintenance Coatings 46c99c8a-0ae9-4be8-972f-a2b9ab3baaf5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: coating issued to application, including measured overspray and application losses within the foreground boundary
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass_records
• Sources: eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014; us-epa-ap42-other-metal-coating

Industrial oxygen for thermal cutting (industrial_oxygen_cutting)

Record purchased oxygen used for oxy-fuel cutting or gouging. Apply only when that fabrication route is used and keep purity, pressure and reference conditions in the foreground record.

• Selected flow: Industrial oxygen bd4b0f96-2090-4806-a648-335ab20ff401
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: metered or supplier-invoiced oxygen volume attributable to boiler fabrication
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_gas_records
• Sources: us-epa-ap42-electric-arc-welding

Hydrostatic-test process water (hydrostatic_test_water)

Record process water introduced for factory hydrostatic pressure testing. Measure reuse and return separately so the input is not inferred from vessel volume alone.

• Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured fresh test-water input crossing the factory process boundary
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_hydrostatic_test_water_records
• Sources:

Manufacturing electricity (manufacturing_electricity)

Record purchased electricity used by cutting, forming, welding, handling, assembly, coating ventilation or curing, inspection and testing within the foreground boundary.

• Selected flow: Electricity 890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: submetered electricity or an auditable allocation of the factory meter to included boiler production
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_gas_records
• Sources:

Factory natural gas (factory_natural_gas)

Record gaseous natural gas burned during included hot testing, direct-fired curing or other documented factory operations. Apply only when the gas is consumed inside the foreground boundary; boiler lifetime fuel use is excluded.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: metered gas volume attributable to included factory operations at declared reference conditions
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_and_gas_records
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Finished boiler reference product (boiler_reference_product)

Record dry saleable boiler mass after factory acceptance and before shipment. Temporary test water and separately sold auxiliary plant are not part of this output.

• Selected flow: Steam/vapour-generating or super-heated-water boiler (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured or BOM-reconciled dry mass of accepted saleable boilers
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: normalized to 1 kg reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_mass_records
• Sources: un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025; eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014

Waste flows

Steel fabrication scrap (steel_scrap_output)

Record segregated ferrous plate, tube and section offcuts leaving the foreground as scrap. Keep stainless or other alloy scrap in separate rows when composition affects the receiving route.

• Selected flow: Scrap steel c3fc5605-baa3-4b25-9934-ecf7fcbc72da
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured scrap dispatched from included boiler production, net of documented internal reuse
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_dispatch_records
• Sources:

Hydrostatic-test wastewater (hydrostatic_test_wastewater)

Record test water that leaves the foreground for sewerage, treatment or disposal. Apply only to discharged water; internally reused or retained water is not an output.

• Selected flow: Wastewater d2d44ce1-c0f4-461d-9413-f4b33e0d200f
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured discharged hydrostatic-test water by destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_hydrostatic_test_water_records
• Sources:

Elementary flows

Welding particulate matter to air (welding_particulate_air)

Record total particulate matter released to air from included welding after capture and control. Apply to welding routes that generate and release particulate; do not substitute a single metal species for total particulate matter.

• Selected flow: Welding particulate matter to air (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured outlet and fugitive particulate, or a documented process-specific calculation from welding-consumable use and control performance
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records
• Sources: us-epa-ap42-electric-arc-welding

Coating volatile organic compounds to air (coating_voc_air)

Record volatile organic compounds released to air from liquid coating application, flash-off and curing after capture and control. Apply only when the declared coating contains VOC.

• Selected flow: Volatile organic compounds to air (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculate from collected coating mass, supplier VOC fraction, recovered solvent and measured control destruction or removal
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records
• Sources: us-epa-ap42-other-metal-coating

Fossil carbon dioxide from factory natural gas (factory_fossil_co2_air)

Record direct fossil carbon dioxide released by natural-gas combustion in included factory operations. Apply only when factory_natural_gas is present; upstream electricity emissions and boiler use-phase emissions are excluded.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: site stack measurement or documented fuel-carbon balance for the metered factory gas attributed to boiler production
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dry saleable boiler output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_air_emission_records
• Sources:

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivide_first	shared factory operations	Subdivide meters, work orders and material issues to the boiler process wherever practicable before applying allocation.	eu-pef-method-2021
allocation_physical_second	inseparable shared operations	If subdivision is not practicable, allocate by a documented causal physical relationship such as machine time, energy demand or processed mass; justify why that relationship represents the shared operation.	eu-pef-method-2021
allocation_other_last	residual multifunctionality	Use another relationship, including economic allocation, only after documenting why subdivision and a causal physical relationship are not feasible; disclose the factor, period and sensitivity.	eu-pef-method-2021
scrap_no_unreported_credit	steel scrap output	Report scrap mass and receiving route separately. Do not subtract an avoided-primary-steel credit inside the foreground inventory unless the downstream modelling method is explicitly declared and applied consistently.	eu-pef-method-2021

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_bom_mass_records	boiler_manufacture	material inputs and saleable boiler output	controlled BOM, stores issue, return, job and final weight records	product_id; material_grade; flow_identity; supplier; issued_mass; returned_mass; installed_mass; scrap_link; dry_product_mass; unit	reconcile ERP/BOM quantities to job records and calibrated weighing where available	kg	each production order; aggregate for reporting period	complete reporting period	all included production lines at the declared factory	sum net issued atomic material and accepted dry output by product configuration, then normalize by dry saleable output mass	approved BOM revision; stores ledger; scale calibration; job closeout; mass reconciliation
cp_energy_and_gas_records	boiler_manufacture	electricity, natural gas and industrial oxygen	submeter, main meter, invoice and production-driver records	meter_id; start_reading; end_reading; fuel_or_gas_identity; reference_temperature; reference_pressure; allocation_driver; product_id; unit	prefer process submeters; otherwise allocate the reconciled factory meter with a causal documented driver	MJ; m3	monthly and each applicable test campaign	complete reporting period	included fabrication, coating and testing areas	subtract verified non-production use, allocate shared use, and normalize to dry saleable boiler mass	meter calibration; invoice reconciliation; allocation workbook; reference-condition record
cp_hydrostatic_test_water_records	boiler_manufacture	test-water input and wastewater output	test sheet, water meter and discharge record	product_id; test_id; input_volume_or_mass; reused_quantity; retained_quantity; discharged_quantity; destination; density; unit	meter each fill and discharge or reconcile a dedicated tank balance	kg; m3	each hydrostatic test	complete reporting period	all included test bays	convert to mass where needed, keep reuse explicit, sum fresh input and discharged output separately, normalize by dry saleable output mass	calibrated meter; signed test report; tank balance; discharge manifest
cp_waste_dispatch_records	boiler_manufacture	steel scrap	segregated bin weight and dispatch record	waste_identity; alloy_family; gross_weight; tare; internal_reuse; destination; date; unit	weigh each dispatch and reconcile to production-area scrap bins	kg	each dispatch; monthly reconciliation	complete reporting period	all included fabrication areas	sum net externally dispatched scrap attributable to boiler production and normalize by dry saleable output mass	weighbridge ticket; waste manifest; bin reconciliation
cp_air_emission_records	boiler_manufacture	welding particulate, coating VOC and fossil CO2	stack test, CEMS, coating issue, supplier composition, consumable use, fuel and control records	source_id; pollutant_identity; measured_concentration; gas_flow; operating_time; consumable_mass; VOC_fraction; recovered_mass; control_efficiency; gas_volume; carbon_content; unit	use compliant measurements where available; otherwise use a transparent source-specific mass balance tied to collected activity and control data	kg; m3	each test campaign or monthly activity balance	representative campaigns covering the reporting period and all applicable routes	all included emission points and documented fugitive releases	calculate gross and controlled releases by route, avoid double counting, sum by atomic flow and normalize by dry saleable output mass	laboratory report; instrument calibration; supplier SDS; control log; activity reconciliation

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	every inventory exchange	normalized amount = reporting-period exchange amount / reporting-period dry saleable boiler mass	collected atomic exchange amount; dry saleable boiler mass	amount per 1 kg reference product
calc_electricity_conversion	purchased electricity	electricity_MJ = electricity_kWh × 3.6	calibrated electricity reading in kWh	electricity in MJ
calc_coating_voc	coating VOC to air	released VOC = coating consumed × supplier VOC mass fraction − recovered solvent − VOC destroyed or removed by measured controls; do not apply the rule to powder coating with no declared VOC	coating mass; supplier VOC fraction; recovered solvent; measured control removal or destruction	kg VOC released	us-epa-ap42-other-metal-coating
calc_welding_particulate	welding particulate to air	use measured total particulate where available; otherwise multiply consumable use by a process/electrode-specific documented fume factor and then apply measured capture and control performance	consumable mass; welding process; electrode identity; fume factor; capture and control data	kg particulate released	us-epa-ap42-electric-arc-welding
calc_mass_reconciliation	product and material mass	compare dry saleable product plus separately measured scrap and wastes with net issued material; investigate rather than force-close differences due to emissions, stock change or measurement uncertainty	net issued material; dry product; scrap; waste; relevant emissions; stock change	documented mass-balance difference

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_product_identity	reference product	Preserve the required qualifiers and the approved product configuration so unlike boiler designs are not silently pooled.	product datasheet; nameplate specification; approved drawing; test certificate
dq_temporal_coverage	all foreground exchanges	Cover one representative continuous 12-month period or document seasonality, production interruptions and the reason for a shorter period.	dated meter, ERP, invoice, test and dispatch records
dq_meter_reconciliation	energy, gas and water	Reconcile submeters to site totals and disclose allocation and reference-condition conversions.	calibration certificates; invoices; reconciliation workbook
dq_bom_completeness	material inputs and output	Reconcile the complete bill of materials and configuration-specific purchased components to dry shipped mass; do not hide omitted materials in a combined row.	controlled BOM; stores ledger; shipment weight; mass balance
dq_emission_specificity	direct air emissions	Retain pollutant identity, emission point, measurement or factor source, control state and operating route; a species result shall not be reported as total particulate or total VOC.	stack report; laboratory result; SDS; factor citation; control log
dq_upstream_representativeness	purchased product inputs	Use upstream datasets consistent with product grade/state, supplier geography and technology, and disclose proxies.	supplier declaration; dataset metadata; proxy justification

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_identity_and_reference	dataset identity	Confirm the canonical PCR id, finished-boiler boundary, all required qualifiers, dry-mass reference amount and unresolved reference-product UUID status.	un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025; eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014
validate_process_presence	process inventory	Require boiler_manufacture and all applicable atomic input, waste and elementary flow cards; conditional rows must be present or explicitly shown not applicable with evidence.	eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014; us-epa-ap42-electric-arc-welding; us-epa-ap42-other-metal-coating
validate_no_use_phase	system boundary	Reject lifetime boiler fuel, generated steam or hot-water service, customer-site feedwater treatment and distribution from the factory-gate foreground inventory.	eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014
validate_bom_mass	mass reconciliation	Check that net issued material is reconciled to dry product, scrap, wastes, emissions and stock change; investigate material differences rather than balancing them with an unspecified flow.	eu-pef-method-2021
validate_energy_separation	energy inventory	Confirm electricity and natural gas remain separate atomic exchanges and that natural gas and direct fossil CO2 are either jointly applicable or their difference is explained.
validate_water_balance	hydrostatic testing	Confirm fresh test-water input, measured reuse/retention and wastewater discharge are not double counted and that temporary water is excluded from dry product mass.
validate_allocation_disclosure	shared operations	Confirm subdivision was attempted first and every remaining allocation driver, factor, period and sensitivity is disclosed.	eu-pef-method-2021
validate_uuid_gaps	unresolved identities	Keep UUID-empty carbon-steel plate, reference boiler, welding particulate and coating VOC rows unresolved until an exact public state-100 identity is confirmed; do not substitute a proxy.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset
downstream_use	Cradle-to-manufacturer-gate foreground data package and its process or lifecyclemodel projection for finished boiler manufacturing
allowed_use	Comparative manufacturing studies after matching design, pressure, capacity, configuration, geography and time; contribution analysis of boiler materials and factory operations; background use when representativeness is documented
excluded_use	Comparison of lifetime steam or heat service, operational efficiency, fuel performance, installed steam systems, central-heating boilers, or separately supplied auxiliary plant without additional downstream modelling
required_metadata	canonical PCR id; outlet medium; design; rated output and capacity; working pressure; outlet temperature; fuel/heat source; integral-component scope; dry shipped mass; purchased-versus-fabricated split; factory geography; reporting period; allocation; unresolved UUIDs; exclusions
required_quality_disclosure	primary-data coverage; BOM and mass reconciliation; meter coverage and allocation; upstream dataset representativeness; emission measurement/factor basis; water reuse; scrap destination; conditional-route applicability; proxy use; uncertainty and unresolved range evidence
update_trigger	Material change in product design, pressure or capacity class, bill of materials, supplier geography, welding/coating/test route, factory energy mix, allocation method, emission controls, reference-product identity, or availability of independent range evidence

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Official category identity and exclusion of central-heating hot-water boilers
cn-mofcom-gazette-2011-53	official_guidance	China Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Gazette, 2011 No. 53 (Total No. 690), supervised by the Ministry of Commerce, heading 8402 on printed p. 36, https://zjjcmspublic.oss-cn-hangzhou-zwynet-d01-a.internet.cloud.zj.gov.cn/jcms_files/jcms1/web2757/site/picture/zcom/upload/20111130/U201111301322643543135.pdf (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Professional Chinese product title terminology and the central-heating hot-water-boiler exclusion
eu-steam-boilers-ecodesign-2014	official_guidance	PwC, ICCS and Fraunhofer ISI, Ecodesign Preparatory Study on Steam Boilers, Final Report, 2014, https://www.energimyndigheten.se/4a9642/globalassets/energieffektivisering_/jag-ar-saljare-eller-tillverkare/dokument/produkter-med-krav/angpannor/20141217-steam-boilers-ecodesign-final-report.pdf (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Product and strict-system scope, fire-tube/water-tube distinctions, integral options, manufacturing BOM categories and configuration qualifiers
us-epa-ap42-electric-arc-welding	official_guidance	U.S. EPA, AP-42 Final Background Document for Electric Arc Welding, Section 12.19, https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-11/documents/c12s19_0.pdf (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Welding-process decomposition, consumable identity and particulate collection/calculation requirements
us-epa-ap42-other-metal-coating	official_guidance	U.S. EPA, AP-42 Section 4.2.2.4 Other Metal Coating, https://19january2021snapshot.epa.gov/sites/static/files/2020-10/documents/c4s02_2d.pdf (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Metal-coating process, coating/VOC material balance and control-state requirements
eu-pef-method-2021	official_guidance	Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on the use of the Environmental Footprint methods, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/oj/eng (retrieved 2026-09-05)	Allocation hierarchy, materiality, data quality and transparent modelling requirements