Ballasts for discharge lamps or tubes; static converters; other inductors

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR governs foreground production data for finished ballasts for discharge lamps or tubes, static power converters, and other inductors. Static converters include rectifiers, inverters, bidirectional power-conversion systems (PCS), chargers, stabilized power supplies, and other equipment whose primary function is power conversion without rotating conversion machinery. The category is intentionally broad, so every data package shall declare a product subtype and its electrical interfaces before this PCR is applied.

The PCR covers factory-gate production of a declared product model or a demonstrably homogeneous product family. It includes received materials and components, electronic assembly where present, magnetic-component manufacture where present, mechanical and thermal integration, final assembly, testing, and packaging. Purchased parts remain visible product inputs linked to upstream datasets.

The PCR does not cover electrical transformers as finished products, rotating converters, electric motors or generators, batteries, complete luminaires or lamps, switching and protection apparatus whose primary function is not power conversion, or loose parts sold separately. Installation, distribution, use-stage electricity losses, maintenance, and end-of-life treatment are outside the foreground production boundary; downstream life-cycle models shall add those stages using product-specific scenarios.

A photovoltaic inverter, lamp ballast, charger, or any other single subtype shall not represent the entire category. Family or proxy use is permitted only when the products have the same main function, applicable product standards, material architecture, manufacturing technology, and performance basis, and when an explicit sensitivity or scaling rule covers power range, mass, losses, cooling, and lifetime differences. This restriction follows the homogeneous-family principles in pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.electrical-machinery-and-apparatus.ballasts-for-discharge-lamps-or-tubes-static-converters-other-inductors
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 46122, Ballasts for discharge lamps or tubes; static converters; other inductors (exact)
covered_products	Finished static converters, rectifiers, inverters, bidirectional PCS, chargers, stabilized power supplies, electronic or electromagnetic ballasts for discharge lamps or tubes, and other finished inductors
excluded_products	Finished transformers; rotating converters; motors and generators; batteries; complete lamps and luminaires; switching/protection apparatus without a primary power-conversion function; parts sold separately
representative_product	A declared finished product model belonging to exactly one product subtype; no category-wide default design or photovoltaic-inverter proxy
production_route	Product-specific combination of electronic assembly, magnetic-component manufacture, mechanical and thermal integration, final assembly, testing, and packaging
market_state	Finished, conformity-tested product at the manufacturing plant gate, excluding distribution, installation, use, maintenance, and end-of-life treatment

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Finished ballast, static converter, or inductor of one declared subtype and model/family at the manufacturing plant gate
How much	1 kg net product mass, excluding external packaging and separately sold accessories
How well	Saleable and conformity-tested, with declared rated electrical interfaces, power or current/inductance basis, efficiency or loss metric, isolation, cooling, and expected service life
How long or cycle	One production reporting period normalized to conforming output; expected service life is a required product qualifier but is not embedded in the 1 kg factory-gate amount
reference_flow_link	Product mass is the manufacturing reference; any downstream service functional unit shall link product quantity, load profile, efficiency/losses, maintenance, and service life explicitly

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Ballasts for discharge lamps or tubes, static converters, other inductors 2753fd9b-d904-40b2-9cae-4642fd5fc5fc
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	product subtype; model or homogeneous-family identifier; rated power and whether active or apparent, or rated current and inductance for a passive inductor; input and output voltage ranges; AC/DC type and frequency for every port; number of phases for every AC port; power-conversion direction; efficiency or loss metric with load points, test method, temperature, and auxiliary-power treatment; galvanic-isolation topology; cooling method and included coolant; net mass; included controls, firmware, cables and auxiliaries; expected service life with operating profile and evidence; applicable product standard; manufacturing geography and reference year

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers shall be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference-flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data-package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow incomplete. If rated power or efficiency is not a meaningful property for a passive inductor, the package shall state not applicable and declare rated current, inductance, frequency, and loss or quality-factor data instead.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product and material/waste flows	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Report net product mass and all mass inventory consistently; exclude packaging from the 1 kg reference product and record packaging separately.
rated_power_basis	converters, chargers and ballasts	Active power or apparent power, as declared	W, kW, VA or kVA	State whether the rating is input, output, active, apparent, continuous, peak, or lamp power; do not convert among ratings without the declared power factor, duty and duration.
inductor_rating_basis	passive inductors	Inductance and rated current, plus loss metric	H and A, with Hz and W where applicable	Declare inductance, current, test frequency, temperature and core-loss or winding-loss basis; use not applicable for conversion efficiency only when an equivalent loss metric is supplied.
electrical_interfaces	every electrical port	Voltage, current type, frequency and phase count	V; Hz; dimensionless phase count	Record input/output voltage range, AC or DC, frequency for AC, phase count, and conversion direction separately for each port.
efficiency_and_losses	converter, charger, PCS and ballast performance	Dimensionless efficiency and electrical energy/power loss	% and W or kWh	Calculate efficiency from paired input/output measurements at declared operating points; state direction, load fraction, voltage, power factor where relevant, ambient/coolant temperature, standby/no-load mode, and inclusion of auxiliaries. Use subtype-specific methods rather than a universal efficiency curve.
service_life	downstream-use linkage	Time or operating cycles	years, h or cycles	Declare expected service life, operating hours or cycles, load profile, ambient conditions, maintenance assumptions and evidence; do not use an uncited category-wide lifetime default.
production_normalization	foreground inventory	Mass	kg per kg reference product	Normalize reporting-period inputs, outputs, wastes and emissions to conforming net output after allocation and rework reconciliation.

For photovoltaic power conditioners, IEC 61683 may support the declared efficiency test method only within its scope. For external power supplies within the scope of EU Regulation 2019/1782 and placed on the relevant market, preserve the regulation's named load conditions and no-load reporting; these conditions are not category-wide thresholds. For other subtypes, use the applicable product standard or a fully disclosed test protocol.

5. System Boundary

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
sb_manufacturing_inputs	factory-gate production	Include upstream production and supplier transport of materials, components and subassemblies, plant transformation and assembly, product testing, and primary/secondary packaging; purchased items shall link to upstream datasets.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021
sb_sensitive_components	electronics and magnetics	Do not cut off printed circuit boards, power semiconductors/modules, copper or aluminium conductors, magnetic cores, capacitors, cooling hardware, or other environmentally influential components solely because their mass share is small.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021
sb_subtype_specificity	product family and proxy modelling	A single photovoltaic inverter, ballast, charger or inductor shall not represent another subtype or the whole category without demonstrated homogeneous-family criteria and documented scaling/sensitivity evidence.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021; iec-62477-1-2022; iec-62909-1-2025; iec-61683-1999; iec-61347-2-12-2024
sb_use_stage_separate	downstream life-cycle models	Exclude operational conversion losses from the foreground manufacturing process; model them downstream from subtype-specific efficiency/loss maps, direction, duty profile, auxiliary power and declared service life.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021
sb_end_of_life_separate	downstream life-cycle models	Exclude end-of-life treatment and recycling credits from factory-gate production; model deinstallation, collection, depollution, separation, recovery and disposal as separate scenarios.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Materials, components and subassemblies accepted at the reporting manufacturing site, with supplier identity, mass and upstream dataset linkage retained
starting_condition_role	Foreground manufacturing begins at receiving; upstream production and supplier transport remain represented through linked product inputs
product_classification_scope	Semantic scope of finished ballasts, static converters and other inductors; CPC 3.0 code 46122 is a classification reference and does not erase subtype distinctions
recursive_input_rule	A purchased input that itself belongs to this category remains an explicit product input with subtype, mass and upstream dataset; it shall not be relabelled as the reference output or recursively expanded without a stopping rule
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use supplier-specific datasets where available; otherwise use technology-, geography- and time-representative datasets. Critical electronics, magnetic materials, conductors, thermal hardware and packaging require explicit coverage or a disclosed data gap
disclosure	Declare subtype, model/family, plant geography/year, production route, process inclusion decisions, BOM coverage, supplier-data coverage, rated interfaces, performance test basis, isolation, cooling, expected service life and any proxy/scaling rule

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
electronic_assembly	Electronic and power-stage assembly	conditional	Include for products containing mounted printed circuit boards, power semiconductors, control electronics or electronic ignition/control stages	Builds controlled electronic and power-conversion subassemblies	kg accepted electronic assembly per kg conforming final product
magnetic_component_assembly	Magnetic-component and winding assembly	conditional	Include for inductors, electromagnetic ballasts, and products with in-house wound/core magnetic components	Produces wound/core assemblies and captures conductor, core, insulation and impregnation burdens	kg accepted magnetic assembly per kg conforming final product
mechanical_thermal_integration	Mechanical, insulation and thermal integration	required	Include the actual enclosure, busbar, heatsink, fan, pump, liquid loop, insulation or potting route; zero-flow declarations require evidence that a feature is absent	Integrates electrical subassemblies with mechanical protection, insulation and cooling	kg integrated unit per kg conforming final product
final_test_packaging	Final assembly, configuration, testing and packaging	required	Always include	Produces the saleable factory-gate reference product and records test energy, rejects, rework and packaging	1 kg conforming net reference product

Process: Electronic and power-stage assembly (electronic_assembly)

Inputs

Product flows

Electronic boards, power semiconductors and components (electronic_components)

Record purchased printed circuit boards, power modules/semiconductors, capacitors, sensors, controllers and other mounted components by supplier part family and mass; do not infer a universal bill of materials.

• Selected flow: Electronic boards, power semiconductors and components
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured accepted input mass from BOM, receiving and inventory records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted electronic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources: pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021

Assembly consumables (electronic_consumables)

Record solder, flux, adhesives, conformal coating, cleaning agents and process gases that cross the process boundary.

• Selected flow: Electronic assembly consumables
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: issued quantity minus documented return to stock
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted electronic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources: pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021

Electricity for electronic assembly (electronic_assembly_electricity)

Record metered electricity for mounting, soldering, curing, coating, cleaning and local extraction.

• Selected flow: Electricity, plant supply mix
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: submetered electricity or allocated meter total under calc_shared_resource_allocation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted electronic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_process_energy
• Sources:

Waste flows

Electronic rejects, solder dross and spent consumables (electronic_waste)

Record each treatment-relevant waste fraction separately when composition or destination differs.

• Selected flow: Electronic manufacturing waste, declared fraction
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured waste leaving the process, net of documented same-process rework return
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted electronic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_emissions
• Sources:

Elementary flows

Direct assembly emissions (electronic_direct_emissions)

Record measured or permit-calculated VOC, particulate or other direct releases from soldering, coating and cleaning; absence shall be documented rather than represented by an assumed zero.

• Selected flow: Declared elementary emission by substance and compartment
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured or permit-method release assigned to this process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted electronic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_emissions
• Sources:

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted electronic assembly (electronic_assembly_output)

Record accepted subassembly mass transferred to integration, including incorporated consumables.

• Selected flow: Accepted electronic and power-stage assembly
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured accepted output mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted electronic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_output_and_rework
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Magnetic-component and winding assembly (magnetic_component_assembly)

Inputs

Product flows

Conductors, magnetic cores and insulation (magnetic_materials)

Record copper or aluminium winding conductor, ferrite/steel/powder cores, bobbins, insulation, varnish, resin and potting materials separately where upstream datasets differ.

• Selected flow: Magnetic-component materials by declared material family
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured accepted input mass from BOM and inventory records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted magnetic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources: pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021

Electricity for winding and curing (magnetic_assembly_electricity)

Record winding, core assembly, impregnation, curing and local ventilation electricity.

• Selected flow: Electricity, plant supply mix
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: submetered electricity or allocated meter total under calc_shared_resource_allocation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted magnetic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_process_energy
• Sources:

Waste flows

Conductor, core and insulation waste (magnetic_waste)

Record separated metal, core, resin and insulation waste by destination.

• Selected flow: Magnetic-component manufacturing waste, declared fraction
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured waste leaving the process, net of documented same-process reuse
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted magnetic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_emissions
• Sources:

Elementary flows

Impregnation and curing emissions (magnetic_direct_emissions)

Record substance-specific direct emissions when varnish, resin, solvents or thermal treatment are used.

• Selected flow: Declared elementary emission by substance and compartment
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured or permit-method release assigned to this process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted magnetic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_emissions
• Sources:

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted magnetic assembly (magnetic_assembly_output)

Record accepted winding/core assembly mass transferred to integration.

• Selected flow: Accepted magnetic component assembly
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured accepted output mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted magnetic assembly output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_output_and_rework
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Mechanical, insulation and thermal integration (mechanical_thermal_integration)

Inputs

Product flows

Mechanical, insulation and cooling components (mechanical_thermal_components)

Record enclosures, frames, busbars, terminals, connectors, heatsinks, fans, pumps, heat exchangers, thermal interface materials, insulation and potting by mass and supplier dataset. Cooling liquids are included only when supplied with the product.

• Selected flow: Mechanical, electrical-interface, insulation and cooling components
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured accepted input mass from BOM and receiving records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg integrated unit output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources: pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021

Electronic and magnetic subassemblies (declared_subassemblies)

Record in-house or purchased electronic and magnetic subassemblies as separate inputs; a purchased same-category assembly follows the recursive input rule.

• Selected flow: Declared electronic or magnetic subassembly
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured transferred or purchased mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg integrated unit output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources:

Integration electricity (integration_electricity)

Record forming, fastening, welding, potting, curing and thermal-system charging electricity.

• Selected flow: Electricity, plant supply mix
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: submetered electricity or allocated meter total under calc_shared_resource_allocation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg integrated unit output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_process_energy
• Sources:

Waste flows

Integration scrap and spent coolant (integration_waste)

Record metal/plastic offcuts, insulation or potting waste, and spent coolant or cleaning liquid separately by treatment route.

• Selected flow: Integration waste, declared fraction
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured waste leaving the process, net of documented rework/reuse
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg integrated unit output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_emissions
• Sources:

Elementary flows

Direct integration emissions (integration_direct_emissions)

Record direct substance-specific releases from welding, coating, potting, curing, coolant charging or cleaning when present.

• Selected flow: Declared elementary emission by substance and compartment
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured or permit-method release assigned to this process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg integrated unit output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_emissions
• Sources:

Outputs

Product flows

Integrated unit ready for final test (integrated_unit_output)

Record accepted integrated unit mass before final configuration, test and packaging.

• Selected flow: Integrated ballast, converter or inductor unit
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured accepted output mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg integrated unit output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_output_and_rework
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Final assembly, configuration, testing and packaging (final_test_packaging)

Inputs

Product flows

Integrated units and purchased final-stage parts (final_stage_components)

Record integrated units plus purchased controls, displays, cables, connectors, labels, firmware-bearing modules and other included auxiliaries.

• Selected flow: Integrated units and final-stage components
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured input mass from production orders and BOM records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg conforming net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom_materials
• Sources:

Test and burn-in electricity (test_electricity)

Record gross test/burn-in input electricity and any exported or recovered test electricity separately. Do not net test energy without both meters.

• Selected flow: Electricity, plant supply mix
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: measured test-system input less no undocumented credits; exported/recovered electricity is a separate output
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg conforming net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_process_energy
• Sources:

Packaging materials (packaging_materials)

Record primary and secondary packaging, labels and manuals separately from the net reference-product mass.

• Selected flow: Packaging materials by material family
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured packaging issued to conforming products
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg conforming net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging
• Sources: pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021

Waste flows

Test rejects and packaging waste (final_stage_waste)

Record nonconforming units, replaced parts and packaging waste by rework or treatment destination.

• Selected flow: Final-stage waste, declared fraction
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured waste leaving the process, excluding documented rework returned to a named process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg conforming net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_output_and_rework
• Sources:

Elementary flows

Direct test releases (test_direct_emissions)

Record coolant, refrigerant, gas or other direct releases caused by testing; document non-applicability when the test route has no direct release mechanism.

• Selected flow: Declared elementary emission by substance and compartment
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured release assigned to final testing
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg conforming net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_and_emissions
• Sources:

Outputs

Product flows

Conforming factory-gate reference product (reference_product_output)

Record only products that passed the declared final acceptance test. Product mass excludes external packaging.

• Selected flow: Ballasts for discharge lamps or tubes, static converters, other inductors 2753fd9b-d904-40b2-9cae-4642fd5fc5fc
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: fixed normalization output of 1 kg conforming net product
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Not applicable (not_applicable)
• Normalization basis: PCR reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
• Collection protocol: cp_output_and_rework
• Sources:

Exported or recovered test electricity (recovered_test_electricity)

Record electricity exported from bidirectional testing only when separately metered and demonstrably used outside the test loop.

• Selected flow: Electricity exported from product testing
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: separately metered export; zero is not assumed when no meter exists
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg conforming net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_process_energy
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
alloc_avoid_by_subdivision	separable products, lines and process steps	Prefer product-specific BOMs, meters, production orders and process subdivision so allocation is avoided.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021
alloc_shared_resources	shared utilities and line-level inputs	When subdivision is not possible, allocate by a measured causal driver such as machine time, test energy, material throughput or production time. Mass or item count may be used only when it best represents resource use; disclose the choice and test sensitivity for materially different power ranges or subtypes.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021
alloc_rework_and_scrap	rejects, rework and recovered material	Assign rework energy and material losses to the originating product/process. Credit internal reuse only through the measured quantity returned to the same system; keep sold scrap and treatment flows visible.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021
alloc_exported_test_energy	bidirectional or regenerative product testing	Keep gross test electricity input and separately metered export as distinct flows; do not offset input with nominal power, simulated export or unmetered recovery.
alloc_recycling_separate	recycling and recovery	Do not subtract potential end-of-life recycling benefits from factory-gate production; report any downstream benefit/load beyond the system boundary separately.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_bom_materials	all applicable processes	materials, components, subassemblies and final-stage parts	BOM, purchase/receiving and inventory records	part id; material family; supplier; accepted quantity; unit mass; incorporated quantity; upstream dataset id; same-category subtype	reconcile released BOM with receiving and production issue/return records	kg	each model revision and monthly reconciliation	same reporting period as production output	every included manufacturing site and supplier route	accepted input minus documented return, mapped to product/process and normalized by accepted output	approved BOM revision; calibrated scale record where weighed; supplier declaration; inventory reconciliation
cp_process_energy	all applicable processes	electricity, fuel, heat and recovered test electricity	submeters, equipment logs and invoices	meter id; start/end reading; energy carrier; process; product family; operating time; exported energy meter	prefer dedicated meters; otherwise allocate a reconciled facility total by a causal driver	kWh or MJ	continuous/monthly, and per test campaign where applicable	at least 12 representative months or a justified complete production campaign	every included manufacturing site	gross consumption and export remain separate; normalize after allocation	meter calibration; invoice reconciliation; downtime and shared-load log
cp_waste_and_emissions	all applicable processes	waste and direct elementary emissions	waste tickets, manifests, stack/fugitive measurements and permit calculations	substance/material; mass; compartment; treatment destination; measurement method; process; date	weigh waste and use substance-specific monitored or approved calculation methods for direct releases	kg	each shipment and required monitoring interval	same reporting period as production output	every included manufacturing site	sum by process, fraction/substance and destination; subtract only documented same-process reuse	scale tickets; transporter/treatment records; laboratory/monitoring reports; method and detection limit
cp_output_and_rework	all applicable processes	accepted output, rejects and rework	production orders, test records and scales	model; subtype; gross output; accepted output; net mass; reject mass; rework destination; test disposition	reconcile serial/lot acceptance records with weighed output and rework movements	kg	each batch/lot; monthly reconciliation	same reporting period as inputs	every included manufacturing site	accepted net output is denominator; rework stays attached to the originating process	final acceptance report; scale calibration; lot genealogy; rework closure
cp_packaging	final_test_packaging	primary/secondary packaging, labels and manuals	packaging BOM and issue records	packaging part id; material; recycled content if evidenced; issued mass; return/waste mass	reconcile packaging BOM with issued and wasted quantities	kg	each packaging design revision and monthly	same reporting period as production output	every included packaging site	packaging per accepted net product mass, separate from reference-product mass	approved packaging specification; supplier mass data; issue reconciliation
cp_product_performance	final_test_packaging	rated interfaces, efficiency/losses, isolation and cooling	nameplate/specification, type/routine tests and calibration records	subtype; model; input/output voltage; AC/DC; frequency; phases; direction; rated power/current/inductance; load point; input/output power; auxiliaries; temperature; isolation; cooling	use applicable product standard or fully disclosed test procedure; preserve raw paired measurements	V, A, Hz, W, VA, H, %, °C	each model/type test and production routine-test plan	current model revision	each declared product family and test facility	calculate only like-for-like operating points; retain direction and auxiliary boundary	accredited/type-test report where available; procedure revision; instrument calibration; pass/fail record
cp_service_life_evidence	published dataset metadata	expected service life and maintenance profile	reliability test, field-return, warranty or engineering-life records	life metric; operating profile; load; temperature; humidity; cooling maintenance; failure criterion; sample size; confidence; source period	choose the model-relevant evidence hierarchy and document extrapolation	years, h or cycles	each model revision or evidence update	evidence period stated explicitly	target market/use conditions	report declared value with operating and maintenance conditions; no category-wide default	test/field study, warranty analysis, engineering sign-off and uncertainty disclosure

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_inventory_normalization	every foreground inventory row	normalized amount = allocated reporting-period amount / conforming net reference-product mass	allocated input/output/waste/emission; conforming net mass from cp_output_and_rework	amount per 1 kg reference product
calc_efficiency	converter, charger, PCS or electronic ballast operating point	efficiency = measured useful output power / measured input power; calculate separately by direction and operating point and disclose auxiliary-power inclusion	paired input/output power, direction, load, voltage, frequency, phase, temperature and auxiliary boundary from cp_product_performance	dimensionless efficiency (%) plus loss power (W)	iec-61683-1999; eu-2019-1782
calc_mass_balance	each manufacturing process and total foreground	balance gap = mass inputs - product outputs - waste outputs - measured direct mass emissions - documented stock change; investigate rather than force-close material gaps	BOM/receiving mass, output/rework, waste and direct-emission records	process and total mass-balance gap with explanation
calc_shared_resource_allocation	shared utilities and line inputs	allocated amount = measured shared total × declared causal-driver share; shares shall sum to 1 for the allocation pool	shared meter/invoice total and product-specific causal driver	product/process allocated amount	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021
calc_family_scaling	homogeneous product family only	apply a reviewed equation or interpolation derived from representative products; validate high, low and median/sales-representative cases and disclose sensitive parameters	product LCAs, mass, power range, component architecture, losses, cooling and lifetime	product-specific inventory with uncertainty/sensitivity evidence	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	reference product	All required qualifiers and exact product subtype/model or homogeneous-family scope are complete.	product specification, nameplate, classification and test procedure
dq_bom_coverage	material/component inputs	BOM coverage reconciles to net product mass and explicitly covers influential electronics, conductors, magnetic cores, cooling hardware, insulation/potting and packaging or discloses a quantified gap.	BOM reconciliation and calc_mass_balance
dq_temporal_site	foreground records	Inputs, outputs, energy, waste and emissions cover the same representative period and all sites in scope; partial periods and site exclusions are quantified.	dated records, production schedule and site list
dq_upstream_data	purchased inputs	Upstream datasets are supplier-specific where available and otherwise technology-, geography- and time-representative; proxy choices and same-category inputs are disclosed.	supplier declarations, dataset metadata and proxy review
dq_performance	efficiency/loss and electrical qualifiers	Test method, operating point, direction, temperature, instrument calibration and auxiliary boundary are retained; a subtype-specific result is not generalized without evidence.	raw test data and cp_product_performance records
dq_service_life	downstream-use linkage	Service-life claim states operating/maintenance conditions, evidence type, sample basis and uncertainty; absence of evidence is disclosed rather than replaced with a default.	cp_service_life_evidence record
dq_completeness	modelled inventory	All assessable flows are included or a flow-specific exclusion is justified; cut-off is not used to hide high-impact or hazardous materials/components.	completeness checklist, contribution screening and source-backed justification

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
val_reference_identity	reference flow	The reference output is exactly 1 kg of flow 2753fd9b-d904-40b2-9cae-4642fd5fc5fc, using Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, and kg.
val_required_qualifiers	dataset metadata	Product subtype, rated power or inductor rating, input/output voltage, current type, phases, efficiency/loss test basis, isolation, cooling and expected service life are declared or explicitly marked not applicable with an equivalent relevant property.	iec-62477-1-2022; iec-62909-1-2025; iec-61683-1999; iec-61347-2-12-2024; eu-2019-1782
val_process_route	process map	All required processes and each applicable conditional process are included; every exclusion has product-specific evidence.
val_no_cross_subtype_proxy	representative and proxy data	A photovoltaic inverter or any other single subtype is not used to represent the entire category; family scaling satisfies homogeneous-function, standard, technology and sensitivity requirements.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021
val_mass_and_rework	foreground inventory	Product, waste, direct-emission and rework records reconcile under calc_mass_balance; unexplained gaps are findings, not forced adjustments.
val_energy_and_efficiency	manufacturing and performance data	Manufacturing/test electricity is separate from operational conversion losses; efficiency/loss results preserve direction, load point, electrical interfaces, temperature and auxiliary boundary.	iec-61683-1999; eu-2019-1782
val_upstream_and_recursive_inputs	purchased components and subassemblies	Each material purchased input has an upstream dataset or disclosed gap, and every same-category input remains visible with subtype and stopping rule.	pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021
val_sources_and_collection	all constrained values and rules	Every collected/calculated row links to a collection protocol and every non-default external method constraint cites a listed source id; no uncited numeric default or legal threshold is introduced.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset; background_dataset when representativeness and review support reuse outside the reporting organization
downstream_use	Foreground data-package production and factory-gate process publication; downstream process or lifecyclemodel construction for product systems using the declared ballast, converter, charger, PCS or inductor
allowed_use	Product-specific or reviewed homogeneous-family manufacturing modelling with explicit subtype/performance qualifiers; downstream use-stage modelling with separately supplied duty, efficiency/loss and service-life scenarios
excluded_use	Category-wide default from a single photovoltaic inverter or other subtype; legal-compliance claims; substitution among unlike converter/ballast/inductor functions; operational loss modelling from factory test energy; product comparison without equivalent function and service
required_metadata	PCR id/version; product subtype/model/family; CPC reference; plant geography/year; production route; rated electrical interfaces and power/current/inductance basis; conversion direction; efficiency/loss test basis; isolation; cooling; service life; net mass; packaging mass; included auxiliaries/firmware; allocation; BOM/upstream coverage; data sources
required_quality_disclosure	primary-data share; BOM and mass-balance coverage; metering/allocation basis; supplier dataset representativeness; process exclusions; direct-emission and waste coverage; performance-test evidence; service-life evidence and uncertainty; proxy/scaling limits; review state
update_trigger	Product subtype or main function changes; rated power/interface, topology, isolation or cooling changes materially; BOM or supplier route changes; firmware changes operating losses; efficiency or service-life evidence changes; production site/technology changes; applicable standard/regulation or upstream dataset is revised

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-2025	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Ver. 3.0 Explanatory Notes, updated 30 June 2025, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-08)	CPC 46122 identity and its placement under electrical transformers, static converters and inductors
pep-ecopassport-pcr-ed4-2021	standard	PEP ecopassport Program, Product Category Rules for Electrical, Electronic and HVAC-R Products, edition 4, 6 September 2021, https://pep-ecopassport.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/PCR-4-ed4-EN-2021-09-06-PCR-edition-4.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-08)	Life-cycle boundary, manufacturing inputs and packaging, allocation, cut-off safeguards, homogeneous-family extrapolation, performance/lifetime disclosure and end-of-life separation
iec-62477-1-2022	standard	IEC 62477-1:2022, Safety requirements for power electronic converter systems and equipment - Part 1: General, https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/28936 (retrieved 2026-08-08)	General PECS scope and differentiation of adjustable-speed drives, UPS, stabilized DC supplies and bidirectional converters
iec-62909-1-2025	standard	IEC 62909-1:2025, Bi-directional grid-connected power converters - Part 1: General and safety requirements, https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/69114 (retrieved 2026-08-08)	Bidirectional PCS identity and explicit separation from UPS, photovoltaic and EV-charging product standards
iec-61683-1999	standard	IEC 61683:1999, Photovoltaic systems - Power conditioners - Procedure for measuring efficiency, https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/5720 (retrieved 2026-08-08)	Conditional efficiency measurement method for photovoltaic power conditioners only
iec-61347-2-12-2024	standard	IEC 61347-2-12:2024, Controlgear for electric light sources - Safety - Part 2-12: Particular requirements - DC or AC supplied electronic controlgear for discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps), https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/64710 (retrieved 2026-08-08)	Electronic discharge-lamp controlgear subtype identity and electrical-supply distinction
eu-2019-1782	standard	European Commission, Commission Regulation (EU) 2019/1782 laying down ecodesign requirements for external power supplies, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32019R1782 (retrieved 2026-08-08)	Conditional external-power-supply input/output declarations, load-point efficiency and no-load reporting; not a category-wide threshold