Zinc bars, rods, profiles and wire; zinc plates, sheets, strip and foil

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR applies to uncoated zinc or zinc-alloy semi-finished products manufactured as bars, rods, profiles, wire, plates, sheets, strip or foil and reported at the fabrication-facility gate. It covers receipt of zinc-bearing feed, route-specific alloy additions, melting and alloying when performed, casting or equivalent stock preparation, rolling, extrusion or drawing, thermal conditioning, slitting, cutting and collection of process scrap through conforming product output.

It excludes primary zinc mining, concentration, smelting and refining except through upstream datasets; zinc dust, powders and flakes; zinc tubes, pipes and fittings; zinc waste and scrap as the reference product; zinc coatings on another substrate; fabricated finished articles; use; installation; maintenance; transport after the declared factory gate; and end-of-life. Packaging materials are excluded from the reference product mass and from the core boundary; include them only in a separately declared expanded study boundary.

The foreground package shall select one product form and one production route. It shall not combine product forms, alloy recipes or routes into an unlabelled average.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.basic-metals.zinc-bars-rods-profiles-and-wire-zinc-plates-sheets-strip-and-foil
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 41545, exact mapping context
covered_products	Uncoated zinc or zinc-alloy bars, rods, profiles, wire, plates, sheets, strip and foil supplied as semi-finished metal products
excluded_products	Unwrought zinc; zinc dust, powders and flakes; zinc tubes, pipes and fittings; zinc waste and scrap; zinc-coated products whose substrate is another material; finished zinc articles
representative_product	One declared, specification-conforming zinc or zinc-alloy semi-finished product at the fabrication-facility gate
production_route	Melting and casting followed by the declared combination of rolling, extrusion, drawing, thermal conditioning, slitting and cutting; direct forming of purchased intermediate stock is allowed when declared
market_state	Bare semi-finished metal in the declared form, alloy grade, dimensions, temper and surface condition; packaging excluded from reference mass

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provision of a declared zinc or zinc-alloy semi-finished product meeting the specified form, chemistry, dimensions, temper and surface condition
How much	1 kg net mass of conforming product, excluding packaging
How well	Meets the declared product specification and quality acceptance criteria with nonconforming output excluded from product mass
How long or cycle	One production batch or reporting-period share delivered at the fabrication-facility gate; no use duration is assigned
reference_flow_link	out_reference_product

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg net conforming product
Reference product flow	Zinc bars, rods, profiles and wire, zinc plates, sheets, strip and foil e638d7e2-b3f5-4c1f-a5b2-da12d75d89d2
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	Product form; zinc or zinc-alloy designation and composition; dimensions including thickness or diameter; temper or mechanical condition; surface condition; production route; facility geography; technology; recycled-content accounting method; factory-gate definition; reporting period

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_product_mass	Reference product and mass-normalized inventory	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Use net dry mass of conforming bare semi-product. Exclude packaging, pallets, rejected output and internal recirculation from the reference amount.
zinc_feed_property	Special High Grade zinc input	Zinc content 7c367337-54f2-4fe9-8ee3-3f42681b0792	kg Zn	Record both received gross mass and supplier-certified zinc fraction; convert to kg zinc content without treating alloying elements as zinc.
fuel_energy_conversion	Natural gas inputs	Net calorific value	MJ	Preserve metered gas volume and reference conditions, then convert to MJ using the facility or supplier net calorific value for the reporting period.
water_consumption	Process water input	Mass	kg	Record net make-up or consumed process water crossing the boundary; do not count recirculated internal volume repeatedly. Document any volume-to-mass density conversion.

5. System Boundary

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_factory_gate	Foreground system	Include operations from receipt of purchased zinc-bearing and alloying inputs through conforming bare semi-product at the declared fabrication-facility gate.	iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile
boundary_route_selection	Process inclusion	Include only the casting, rolling, extrusion, drawing, thermal-conditioning, slitting and cutting operations actually used for the declared product route; disclose purchased intermediate stock and omitted operations.	iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile; nist-circular-395-zinc-and-alloys; unido-techmart-91-zinc-wire
boundary_upstream_inputs	Purchased products and energy	Model primary zinc production, purchased recycled material preparation, electricity, natural gas, water and alloying-material production with upstream datasets rather than inside the foreground fabrication process.	iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile
boundary_internal_recycling	Internal zinc returns	Track internal scrap recirculation as an internal transfer and do not count it as both an external input and an exported waste.

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased unwrought zinc, accepted external zinc scrap, or purchased cast/formed zinc intermediate at the facility receiving point, with form, composition, supplier and upstream dataset declared
starting_condition_role	Foreground fabrication input whose upstream production is represented by a separate supplier-specific or representative dataset
product_classification_scope	Fabricated semi-finished zinc and zinc-alloy bars, rods, profiles, wire, plates, sheets, strip and foil corresponding to CPC 3.0 code 41545
recursive_input_rule	When a purchased input is itself within this product category, record it once as a purchased same-category input with its own upstream dataset and do not recursively reproduce its fabrication inventory inside the receiving process
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use a geographically, technologically, temporally and compositionally representative upstream dataset for every purchased metal, alloying addition, fuel, electricity and water input
disclosure	Declare product form, alloy, input starting form, purchased-intermediate share, recycled-content accounting, included route steps, internal recycling, allocation, factory-gate location and reporting period

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
melting_casting	Feed preparation, melting, alloying and casting	conditional	Include when the facility melts zinc-bearing feed or produces cast stock; omit only when purchased intermediate stock enters directly at forming	Foreground stock preparation	kg cast zinc stock transferred to forming
forming_finishing	Rolling, extrusion, drawing and dimensional finishing	required	Select and declare the operations actually used for the product form; do not average unrelated routes without separate product shares	Foreground semi-product manufacture	1 kg net conforming reference product

Process: Feed preparation, melting, alloying and casting (melting_casting)

Inputs

Product flows

Special High Grade zinc metal (in_shg_zinc)

Specification-conforming unwrought zinc metal is recorded when it is purchased and melted as the principal primary zinc feed.

• Selected flow: Special High Grade (SHG) zinc metal 4719799f-8e90-4dce-83f6-55d932702228
• Flow property / unit: Zinc content / kg Zn
• Amount rule: Supplier-certified zinc content in accepted feed charged to the declared product batch
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_receipts
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Copper alloying addition (in_copper_alloying_addition)

Copper metal or a declared copper-bearing master alloy is recorded only when the product recipe requires copper. The selected exchange shall be one supplier product with its composition stated.

• Selected flow: Copper metal alloying addition
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Accepted copper-bearing material charged, with elemental copper content retained separately
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_receipts
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Titanium alloying addition (in_titanium_alloying_addition)

Titanium metal or a declared titanium-bearing master alloy is recorded only when the product recipe requires titanium. The selected exchange shall be one supplier product with its composition stated.

• Selected flow: Titanium metal alloying addition
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Accepted titanium-bearing material charged, with elemental titanium content retained separately
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_receipts
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Aluminium alloying addition (in_aluminium_alloying_addition)

Aluminium metal or a declared aluminium-bearing master alloy is recorded only when the product recipe requires aluminium. The selected exchange shall be one supplier product with its composition stated.

• Selected flow: Aluminium metal alloying addition
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Accepted aluminium-bearing material charged, with elemental aluminium content retained separately
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_receipts
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Electricity for melting and casting (in_electricity_melting)

Delivered electricity used by melting, holding, casting and associated local controls is recorded from process or defensibly allocated facility meters.

• Selected flow: Electricity 890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered delivered electricity assigned to melting and casting
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg cast zinc stock output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_meters
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Natural gas for melting and casting (in_natural_gas_melting)

Gaseous natural gas combusted for melting, holding or casting is recorded separately from electricity.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered gas volume at documented reference conditions assigned to melting and casting
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg cast zinc stock output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_meters
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Waste flows

Accepted recycled zinc scrap input (in_recycled_zinc_scrap)

Externally supplied zinc scrap entering the melting process as waste is recorded separately from internally recirculated returns.

• Selected flow: zinc scrap b1629e09-83ea-4027-aab4-3a02406fac02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed accepted external zinc scrap charged to the batch
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_receipts
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed for this process. Record additional site-specific elementary inputs as separate exchanges when they cross the foreground boundary.

Outputs

Product flows

Internal cast zinc stock (out_cast_zinc_stock)

Cast slab, billet, rod or strip transferred to forming is an internal product flow. Its form and alloy shall match the downstream route.

• Selected flow: Cast zinc intermediate stock
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed or production-system recorded cast stock released to forming
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg cast zinc stock output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_internal_stock_transfer
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile; unido-techmart-91-zinc-wire

Waste flows

Zinc dross from melting (out_zinc_dross)

Zinc-bearing dross removed from melting or holding equipment is recorded as a separate waste output and is not combined with clean offcuts.

• Selected flow: Zinc dross from melting
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed zinc dross leaving the process, with moisture and zinc content documented
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg cast zinc stock output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide from onsite natural-gas combustion (out_fossil_carbon_dioxide)

Direct fossil carbon dioxide is recorded only for fuel combusted inside the foreground boundary; upstream electricity emissions are excluded from this row.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Facility-recorded direct fossil carbon dioxide assigned to melting and casting
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg cast zinc stock output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Process: Rolling, extrusion, drawing and dimensional finishing (forming_finishing)

Inputs

Product flows

Internal cast zinc stock (in_cast_zinc_stock)

The internal cast stock from melting_casting is recorded once on entry to the declared rolling, extrusion or drawing route. Purchased intermediate stock is recorded here instead and identified as purchased.

• Selected flow: Cast zinc intermediate stock
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed or production-system recorded stock accepted into forming
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_internal_stock_transfer
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile; nist-circular-395-zinc-and-alloys; unido-techmart-91-zinc-wire

Electricity for forming and finishing (in_electricity_forming)

Delivered electricity for the selected rolling, extrusion, drawing, cooling, slitting and cutting equipment is recorded from route-specific or defensibly allocated meters.

• Selected flow: Electricity 890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered delivered electricity assigned to the declared forming and finishing route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_meters
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile; nist-circular-395-zinc-and-alloys; unido-techmart-91-zinc-wire

Natural gas for thermal conditioning (in_natural_gas_forming)

Gaseous natural gas used for route-specific stock heating or thermal conditioning is recorded when combusted inside the forming boundary.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: Metered gas volume at documented reference conditions assigned to the declared forming route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_meters
• Sources: nist-circular-395-zinc-and-alloys

Process water make-up (in_process_water)

Process-water make-up is recorded when water is consumed by route-specific cooling or conditioning. Recirculated internal water is not counted repeatedly.

• Selected flow: Process Water 94a04f7e-2d5c-41f0-b182-d54a3b373a02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered make-up water crossing the forming-process boundary
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_process_water
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Waste flows

No waste input is prescribed for this process. Record any externally treated material entering as waste as a separate, specifically identified exchange.

Elementary flows

No elementary input is prescribed for this process. Record additional site-specific elementary inputs as separate exchanges when they cross the foreground boundary.

Outputs

Product flows

Conforming zinc semi-finished product (out_reference_product)

The net accepted output is the selected reference product after the declared forming and finishing operations.

• Selected flow: Zinc bars, rods, profiles and wire, zinc plates, sheets, strip and foil e638d7e2-b3f5-4c1f-a5b2-da12d75d89d2
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg net mass of conforming bare semi-product
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: reference flow amount
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
• Sources: un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025

Waste flows

Zinc offcuts and trimming scrap (out_zinc_scrap)

Clean zinc or zinc-alloy offcuts and trimming scrap leaving the foreground system are recorded separately from zinc dross and internal recirculation.

• Selected flow: zinc scrap b1629e09-83ea-4027-aab4-3a02406fac02
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed zinc scrap exported from the facility, net of internally recirculated returns
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_waste_records
• Sources: iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide from forming-stage natural-gas combustion (out_fossil_carbon_dioxide_forming)

Direct fossil carbon dioxide is recorded when natural gas is combusted for stock heating or thermal conditioning in the forming process.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Facility-recorded direct fossil carbon dioxide assigned to forming and thermal conditioning
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net conforming reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_direct_emissions
• Sources: nist-circular-395-zinc-and-alloys

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivide_routes	Multiple product forms or routes	Prefer subdivision by production line, batch, route and product form. Do not combine rolling, extrusion and drawing into an unlabelled average.
allocation_internal_scrap	Internally recirculated zinc	Treat internal returns as transfers inside the foreground system: retain their mass in the zinc balance but assign no new upstream zinc burden and no exported-waste credit.
allocation_exported_scrap	Zinc scrap and dross leaving the boundary	Report physical output and destination separately. Apply substitution, avoided burden or end-of-life credit only when required by the declared LCA method, and disclose the method, quality loss and substituted product.
allocation_shared_energy	Shared meters and services	Allocate shared electricity, natural gas and water using measured sub-metering where available; otherwise use a documented causal driver such as equipment operating time, throughput and rated load, and test materiality.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_receipts	melting_casting	Purchased SHG zinc, external zinc scrap and alloying additions	Weighbridge, batch scale, goods receipt, recipe and certificate record	material identity; supplier; received mass; accepted mass; charge mass; zinc, copper, titanium and aluminium fractions; moisture; contamination; batch id	Reconcile accepted receipts and batch charges to inventory movement and supplier certificates	kg; mass fraction	Each receipt and batch	Complete reporting period with opening and closing stock	All zinc-semi-product lines inside the facility boundary	Sum accepted and charged quantities by material and product batch; calculate elemental content without merging supplier products	Scale calibration; certificates of analysis; goods receipts; stock reconciliation
cp_energy_meters	melting_casting; forming_finishing	Electricity and natural gas	Revenue meter, process sub-meter and fuel invoice	meter id; opening and closing reading; interval use; gas reference conditions; net calorific value; process assignment; operating hours	Prefer process sub-meters; reconcile to facility invoices and allocate residual shared use causally	MJ; m3	Continuous or monthly	Complete reporting period	All included equipment and shared services	Sum by process and route; convert gas to MJ separately; normalize after reconciliation	Meter calibration; invoices; allocation workbook; energy balance
cp_internal_stock_transfer	melting_casting; forming_finishing	Internal cast-stock output and input	Production execution and calibrated scale record	batch id; alloy; stock form; transfer mass; timestamp; origin process; receiving process; opening and closing work in progress	Match each released cast-stock record to a receiving forming record and reconcile work-in-progress changes	kg	Each transfer	Complete reporting period	All included cast and forming lines	Sum matched transfers by batch; output minus input shall equal documented work-in-progress change and measured loss	Scale calibration; batch genealogy; work-in-progress reconciliation
cp_waste_records	melting_casting; forming_finishing	Zinc dross and exported zinc scrap	Calibrated scale, waste manifest and composition test	waste identity; batch; gross and tare mass; net mass; moisture; zinc content; contamination; destination; internal or external disposition	Weigh each outgoing stream and keep dross, clean scrap and internal returns separate	kg	Each movement	Complete reporting period	All included lines and storage points	Sum net dry mass by waste identity, alloy and destination; exclude internal returns from exported waste	Scale calibration; manifests; laboratory result; receiver record
cp_direct_emissions	melting_casting; forming_finishing	Direct fossil carbon dioxide	Facility emissions register supported by monitoring or accepted fuel-carbon balance	source id; fuel use; carbon content or emission factor; oxidation basis; measured emissions; method; period	Use regulated facility method or direct monitoring and assign only onsite-combustion emissions to the applicable foreground process	kg CO2	Monthly or regulatory reporting interval	Complete reporting period	All included onsite combustion sources	Sum direct fossil CO2 by source and allocate shared sources causally	Monitoring QA record; method approval; fuel reconciliation
cp_process_water	forming_finishing	Process-water make-up	Calibrated make-up meter and water balance	meter id; intake; discharge; recirculation; blowdown; stock change; density; route assignment	Meter water crossing the process boundary and reconcile the recirculating system balance	kg; m3	Continuous or monthly	Complete reporting period	Included cooling and conditioning systems	Net consumption equals intake minus returned discharge adjusted for stock change; do not sum internal recirculation	Meter calibration; water balance; discharge record
cp_finished_product	forming_finishing	Conforming reference product	Calibrated product scale, production and quality release records	product id; form; alloy; dimensions; temper; surface; gross mass; packaging tare; rejected mass; accepted net mass; batch id	Weigh accepted bare product or subtract verified packaging tare and reconcile to quality release	kg	Each batch	Complete reporting period	All included finishing lines	Sum accepted net product mass by declared product; normalize all inventory to 1 kg	Scale calibration; quality release; tare check; production reconciliation

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	Every inventory amount	Normalized amount = reconciled reporting-period amount / net conforming product mass	Process or facility amount; accepted net product mass from cp_finished_product	Amount per 1 kg reference product
calc_zinc_content	in_shg_zinc	Zinc content = accepted dry feed mass × supplier-certified zinc mass fraction	Accepted mass; moisture; zinc fraction	kg Zn input
calc_natural_gas_energy	Natural gas rows	Energy = corrected gas volume × reporting-period net calorific value; preserve the original m3 record and reference conditions	Metered gas volume; pressure and temperature basis; net calorific value	MJ and m3 natural gas by process
calc_zinc_mass_balance	Zinc-bearing inputs and outputs	Opening stock + zinc in purchased feed + zinc in accepted external scrap = zinc in conforming product + zinc in exported scrap + zinc in dross + closing stock + quantified loss	Zinc content of feed, product, wastes and stocks	Reconciled zinc balance and unexplained difference

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_product_identity	Reference product	Declare one product form, alloy designation and composition, dimensions, temper, surface condition and applicable specification; exclude nonconforming and packaged mass	Product specification, certificate and quality release
dq_route_identity	Process map	Identify whether feed is melted onsite or purchased as intermediate and identify every included rolling, extrusion, drawing, thermal-conditioning, slitting and cutting step	Process flow diagram, batch genealogy and equipment list
dq_mass_balance	Zinc-bearing flows	Reconcile zinc-bearing inputs, outputs, internal returns and work-in-progress; investigate and disclose material unexplained differences	calc_zinc_mass_balance, stock records and reconciliation
dq_energy_water	Electricity, natural gas and water	Reconcile process quantities to facility totals and document meter coverage, shared-service allocation, gas reference conditions, calorific value and water recirculation treatment	Meter register, invoices, calibration and allocation workbook
dq_temporal_geography	All foreground records	Use one complete representative reporting period, identify abnormal shutdowns or campaigns, and state facility geography and technology	Reporting-period register and representativeness review
dq_completeness	All boundary exchanges	Compare purchase, production, waste, emissions and discharge registers against the inventory; disclose excluded flows and quantified cut-offs	Register-to-inventory checklist and cut-off statement

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_flow	Reference product	Confirm that exactly 1 kg net conforming bare product is the reference output and that every required qualifier is present.	un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025
validate_route_boundary	Process map and inventory	Confirm that included processes match the declared form and route, purchased intermediates are disclosed, and no omitted onsite operation is hidden in an upstream dataset.	iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile; nist-circular-395-zinc-and-alloys; unido-techmart-91-zinc-wire
validate_atomic_flows	Process inventory	Confirm that each row is one physical, chemical, waste, energy or elementary exchange and that internal transfers, dross and clean scrap are not combined.
validate_zinc_balance	Zinc-bearing flows	Run calc_zinc_mass_balance; any unexplained difference above the facility's documented measurement uncertainty requires correction or explicit disclosure.
validate_energy_emissions	Energy and direct emissions	Reconcile electricity and natural gas to meters and invoices; ensure direct fossil carbon dioxide includes only onsite combustion and excludes upstream electricity emissions.	iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile
validate_allocation	Shared operations and exported materials	Confirm subdivision was attempted first and that every remaining causal allocation or external recycling credit is documented and reproducible.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground fabrication dataset for one declared zinc or zinc-alloy semi-finished product and route
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	Product LCAs and lifecycle models requiring a factory-gate dataset for a compositionally, technologically and geographically representative zinc semi-product
excluded_use	Unqualified substitution among product forms, alloys or routes; representation of unwrought zinc production, zinc powder, coated substrates, finished articles, use or end-of-life; comparative assertions without full study review
required_metadata	PCR id and version; product form; alloy and composition; dimensions; temper; surface condition; specification; feed starting form; route; facility geography and technology; reporting period; recycled-content method; upstream datasets; allocation; cut-offs; data quality
required_quality_disclosure	Meter and scale coverage; supplier-certificate coverage; route subdivision; shared-service allocation; zinc mass-balance result; internal versus exported recycling; temporal, geographical and technological representativeness; unresolved identities; exclusions and uncertainty
update_trigger	Change in product form or alloy, feed starting state, furnace or forming route, facility or grid geography, fuel, recycled-content method, allocation method, upstream dataset, reporting period, or a material shift in zinc yield, energy, water, waste or direct emissions

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025	dataset	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv	Official CPC 41545 classification identity and distinction from adjacent zinc products
iza-zinc-sheet-environmental-profile	literature	International Zinc Association, Zinc Sheet Environmental Profile. https://beta.zinc.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2015/04/pdf_Zinc_Sheet_environ_profile.pdf	Factory-gate zinc-sheet boundary; melting, alloying, casting, rolling and slitting sequence; electricity, natural gas, alloying additions and scrap relevance
nist-circular-395-zinc-and-alloys	official_guidance	U.S. Bureau of Standards, Circular No. 395: Zinc and Its Alloys. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-C13-0c7e0740debaa74ea7b39bf1d7dfed55/pdf/GOVPUB-C13-0c7e0740debaa74ea7b39bf1d7dfed55.pdf	Wrought-zinc routes including rolling, extrusion and drawing; sheet and strip forming distinctions
unido-techmart-91-zinc-wire	official_guidance	United Nations Industrial Development Organization, TECHMART 91: A Catalogue of Technology Opportunities for Manufacturing Industry. https://downloads.unido.org/ot/48/20/4820628/15001-20000_19293.pdf	Zinc-wire route from liquid zinc through continuous casting and drawing