Fish of Gadiformes, frozen

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers factory-gate production of frozen fish of the order Gadiformes in whole, eviscerated, headed, or another declared non-fillet form. It starts with fish received at the freezing or processing facility and ends with accepted frozen product packed or otherwise prepared for dispatch from frozen storage. Upstream fishing or aquaculture, landing, and transport to the facility are represented by linked supplier datasets rather than recreated inside the foreground plant inventory.

The PCR excludes fresh or chilled fish, fillets, minced fish meat, blocks made from fillets or minced flesh, smoked, dried, salted, brined, cooked, canned, or otherwise prepared products. A dataset must not use this PCR merely because a product is frozen; species order and product form must both conform. Distribution after factory dispatch, retail, consumer storage, cooking, and end-of-life are outside the default foreground boundary.

The required foreground route includes receipt and cold holding, product-form preparation when performed, freezing and optional glazing, packaging, frozen storage, and factory dispatch. Food-safety controls, rejected product, wastewater, refrigerant losses, co-products, and residues remain visible where they occur. codex-cxs-190-1995 is used only for transferable quick-freezing, cold-chain, glaze, net-content, hygiene, and quality principles; because its direct scope is fish fillets, every application to whole or dressed Gadiformes must be justified in the dataset.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.meat-fish-fruits-vegetables-oils-and-fats.fish-of-gadiformes-frozen
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 21214 — Fish of Gadiformes, frozen
covered_products	Frozen Gadiformes fish sold whole, eviscerated, headed, or in another declared non-fillet/non-minced fish form
excluded_products	Non-Gadiformes fish; live, fresh, or chilled fish; fillets; minced fish meat; reconstituted blocks; smoked, dried, salted, brined, cooked, canned, or otherwise prepared fish
representative_product	Frozen Gadiformes fish in the declared species, source system, dressing state, glazing state, and sale configuration
production_route	Receipt and chilled holding; optional washing, grading, evisceration or heading; freezing; optional glazing; packaging; frozen storage and factory dispatch
market_state	Frozen product at the processing-facility gate, with packaging and added glaze excluded from the 1 kg net fish reference amount

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Frozen Gadiformes fish supplied in a declared whole or dressed non-fillet form
How much	1 kg net fish mass, excluding packaging and added glaze
How well	Accepted for the declared market specification and food-safety release; species, origin, dressing state, freezing method, glazing state, and storage condition declared
How long or cycle	One production lot through factory dispatch; frozen-storage duration for the represented lot declared
reference_flow_link	frozen_gadiformes_reference_output

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg net frozen fish mass
Reference product flow	Fish of Gadiformes, frozen d2a5f478-6f93-455d-83df-ddfd9e622c9d
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	species or declared species mix; wild-caught or farmed origin; catch/farm and landing region; whole/eviscerated/headed or other non-fillet form; with/without skin and head; freezing technology; glazing state and glaze exclusion method; package configuration; frozen-storage temperature and duration; factory-gate geography and period

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_net_mass	Reference frozen product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize to exactly 1 kg accepted net fish mass after freezing and any deglazing or other declared glaze-exclusion determination; exclude packaging and added glaze water.
material_mass_basis	Raw fish, prepared fish, product, co-products, residues, rejects, glaze, and packaging	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Retain reporting-period totals and state whether each amount is received, drained, deglazed, frozen, wet, or dry mass; convert only with measured lot-specific evidence.
water_measurement	Process, cleaning, and glazing water	Mass	kg	Meter or calculate water separately by use; document any volume-to-mass conversion and do not merge glaze retained on product with net fish mass.
energy_measurement	Preparation, freezing, packaging, and frozen storage	Energy	kWh or MJ	Record delivered energy by carrier and process; convert units using a documented factor and do not combine electricity, fuel, and purchased cooling without preserving carrier identity.
temperature_time_record	Product freezing and frozen storage	Temperature and time	°C and h or day	Retain time-stamped core or representative product temperature and storage records sufficient to demonstrate the declared freezing and cold-chain condition; where the CXS 190 benchmark is claimed, verify -18 °C or colder at the thermal centre after stabilization and during the declared storage instruction.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Gadiformes fish received at the processing or freezing facility in a declared species, source system, temperature, preservation, and dressing state
starting_condition_role	Supplier-linked product input and beginning of directly controlled foreground operations
product_classification_scope	Frozen Gadiformes fish in whole or declared dressed non-fillet/non-minced form
recursive_input_rule	If previously frozen Gadiformes fish is used as an input, keep it as a visible product input linked to an upstream dataset and do not recursively reconstruct its production inside this foreground package.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Fishing or aquaculture, landing, ice or chilling before receipt, and inbound transport require representative upstream datasets with species, origin, technology, geography, and period compatibility.
disclosure	Declare received fish form and temperature, source system, included preparation steps, freezing and glazing method, package configuration, frozen-storage duration, dispatch condition, co-product treatment, allocation basis, and all material exclusions.

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_foreground_operations	Directly controlled facility operations	Include receipt and holding, required preparation, freezing, optional glazing, packaging, frozen storage, cleaning attributable to the route, quality rejection, wastewater handling before transfer, and refrigerant losses.	codex-cxc-52-2003; codex-cxs-190-1995
boundary_upstream_links	Purchased fish, energy, water, ice, packaging, cleaning materials, refrigerants, and transport	Link each material upstream input to an appropriate dataset and preserve its quantity and identity; do not treat a supplier input as burden-free because production occurs outside the plant.	eu-pef-2021-2279
boundary_cold_chain	Freezing and frozen storage through factory dispatch	Include energy and refrigerant-related exchanges needed to establish and maintain the declared frozen condition through the dispatch gate.	codex-cxs-190-1995
boundary_exclusions	Downstream life-cycle stages	Exclude post-dispatch distribution, retail, consumer storage and preparation, and end-of-life unless the study explicitly extends the boundary and reports those stages separately.	eu-pef-2021-2279

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
receipt_holding	Receipt, inspection, and cold holding	required	All routes	Establish accepted raw-fish input and preserve lot identity and temperature	kg accepted raw fish
fish_preparation	Washing, grading, and product-form preparation	conditional	Include each preparation step actually performed, including optional evisceration or heading	Convert received fish to the declared pre-freezing form and separate residues	kg prepared fish
freezing_glazing	Freezing and optional glazing	required	Glazing inputs and outputs apply only when glazing occurs	Establish frozen condition and declared glaze state	kg net frozen fish excluding added glaze
packing_storage	Packaging, frozen storage, and factory dispatch	required	Packaging rows reflect the represented sale configuration	Release and dispatch the frozen reference product	1 kg net reference product

Process: Receipt, inspection, and cold holding (receipt_holding)

Inputs

Product flows

Received Gadiformes fish (raw_gadiformes_input)

Record fish entering the facility by species or declared species mix, wild or farmed source, origin, supplier lot, preservation state, dressing state, and measured received mass.

• Selected flow: Gadiformes fish in declared received state (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured accepted and rejected receipt mass before normalization
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass_balance
• Sources: unsd-cpc-3-21214; codex-cxc-52-2003
• Range: Provisional raw-fish input QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 3
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1 kg net frozen reference product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted fish for preparation or freezing (accepted_fish_output)

Record the mass transferred from receipt to the next in-scope operation without losing lot identity.

• Selected flow: Accepted Gadiformes fish (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Calculated as received mass less rejected or diverted mass and verified against transfer weights
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass_balance
• Sources: codex-cxc-52-2003

Waste flows

Rejected fish and receipt residues (receipt_rejects)

Record rejected fish, damaged material, and receipt residues separately by reason and destination; a saleable diversion is a product or co-product, not waste.

• Selected flow: Rejected fish or receipt residue by destination (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass by rejection reason and treatment route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_destination
• Sources: codex-cxc-52-2003

Elementary flows

Process: Washing, grading, and product-form preparation (fish_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Process and cleaning water (preparation_water)

Record metered water used for washing, equipment cleaning, and sanitation attributable to this route, separated from glaze water.

• Selected flow: Process water (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered use or documented batch allocation from a calibrated shared meter
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_utility_records
• Sources: codex-cxc-52-2003
• Range: Provisional process-water QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Preparation electricity (preparation_electricity)

Record electricity for conveyors, pumps, grading, cutting, sanitation support, and other preparation equipment when these loads are not separately metered.

• Selected flow: Electricity, supplied (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Sub-metered consumption or documented equipment-load allocation to production hours
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional preparation-electricity QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kWh
  • Basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared fish transferred to freezing (prepared_fish_output)

Record the fish mass after actual washing, grading, and dressing steps and before freezing.

• Selected flow: Prepared Gadiformes fish (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured transfer mass reconciled with raw fish, retained co-products, residues, and stock change
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_material_mass_balance
• Sources: codex-cxc-52-2003
• Range: Provisional preparation-yield QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.3
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg
  • Basis: kg prepared fish per kg accepted raw fish
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Saleable fish co-products (fish_coproducts)

Record heads, viscera, frames, trimmings, roe, liver, or other outputs as co-products only when they have a documented beneficial destination and transaction or internal use.

• Selected flow: Fish co-product by material and destination (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured mass by co-product type and destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_destination
• Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279

Waste flows

Preparation residues (preparation_residues)

Record non-saleable organic residues and off-spec fish by material state and treatment destination.

• Selected flow: Fish-processing residue by destination (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured or mass-balance-calculated residue sent to each treatment route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_destination
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional residue QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Preparation wastewater (preparation_wastewater)

Record wastewater transferred to treatment, preserving whether measurements are discharge volume, mass, or pollutant load.

• Selected flow: Wastewater to treatment (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered discharge or documented water-balance calculation, with treatment destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_water_wastewater_balance
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional wastewater QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1 kg prepared fish output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Freezing and optional glazing (freezing_glazing)

Inputs

Product flows

Freezing energy (freezing_energy)

Record electricity, fuel, purchased cooling, or other energy used to freeze product, keeping each carrier separate.

• Selected flow: Energy carrier used for freezing (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh or MJ
• Amount rule: Sub-metered consumption or engineering allocation using measured load and operating time
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995
• Range: Provisional freezing-energy QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.05
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: kWh
  • Basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish output; convert other carriers separately
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Glazing water (glaze_water)

When glazing occurs, record water or glazing solution applied and the measured retained glaze separately from net fish mass.

• Selected flow: Potable water or clean seawater for glazing (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Metered glazing water and measured retained glaze by lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish output excluding glaze
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_glaze_net_mass
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995
• Range: Provisional retained-glaze QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish excluding glaze
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Refrigerant make-up (refrigerant_makeup)

Record refrigerant added to the equipment serving freezing and in-scope frozen storage and allocate shared systems using documented operating evidence.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant by chemical identity (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Purchase and service records adjusted for inventory change and assigned to the represented equipment
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_balance
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Net frozen Gadiformes fish before packing (net_frozen_fish_output)

Record accepted frozen fish on the declared deglazed or otherwise glaze-excluded net fish basis.

• Selected flow: Fish of Gadiformes, frozen d2a5f478-6f93-455d-83df-ddfd9e622c9d
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured accepted frozen fish mass excluding added glaze and packaging
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg net frozen fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_glaze_net_mass
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Fugitive refrigerant emissions (refrigerant_loss_to_air)

Record calculated losses to air by refrigerant chemical identity; do not use an unspecified generic refrigerant emission.

• Selected flow: Refrigerant emission to air by chemical identity (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Refrigerant make-up plus opening stock minus closing stock and documented recovery or transfer, allocated to in-scope equipment
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_refrigerant_balance
• Sources: eu-pef-2021-2279
• Range: Provisional refrigerant-loss QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.1
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1 kg net frozen fish output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process: Packaging, frozen storage, and factory dispatch (packing_storage)

Inputs

Product flows

Packaging materials (packaging_materials)

Record primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging by material and reusable status without adding packaging to net fish mass.

• Selected flow: Packaging material by material type (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Bill-of-material or issue records reconciled to packed units and packaging scrap
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_records
• Sources:
• Range: Provisional packaging-mass QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1 kg net reference product
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Packing and frozen-storage electricity (storage_electricity)

Record packing-line and frozen-storage electricity through factory dispatch, allocating shared cold rooms by measured energy and compatible occupancy or product-time drivers.

• Selected flow: Electricity, supplied (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Sub-metered consumption or documented allocation from facility meters
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net reference product and declared storage duration
• Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records
• Sources: codex-cxs-190-1995
• Range: Provisional packing-and-storage electricity QA guardrail
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kWh
  • Basis: per 1 kg net reference product for the declared factory storage duration
  • Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Frozen Gadiformes reference output (frozen_gadiformes_reference_output)

This is the quantitative reference leaving the factory system after release and before downstream distribution.

• Selected flow: Fish of Gadiformes, frozen d2a5f478-6f93-455d-83df-ddfd9e622c9d
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Exactly 1 kg accepted net frozen fish excluding packaging and added glaze after normalization
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Not applicable (not_applicable)
• Normalization basis: reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
• Collection protocol:
• Sources: unsd-cpc-3-21214; codex-cxs-190-1995

Waste flows

Packaging scrap and rejected packed product (packing_waste)

Record packaging scrap and rejected packed product separately by material, reason, and destination.

• Selected flow: Packaging or product waste by destination (UUID pending exact review)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured waste or reconciled difference between issued, incorporated, returned, and stocked material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg net reference product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_destination
• Sources:

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid_by_subdivision	Species, product forms, batches, and separable preparation lines	First avoid allocation by collecting separate records or subdividing operations where inputs and outputs can be causally assigned without creating artificial burden-free products.	eu-pef-2021-2279
allocation_reuse_closed_loop	Internal rework returned to the same product route	Do not create a co-product credit for internal rework; keep its energy, handling, losses, and stock movement in the foreground mass balance.	eu-pef-2021-2279
allocation_physical_relation	Joint fish products and co-products where subdivision is not feasible	Use a documented physical relation only when it represents the causal use or generation of the joint outputs; do not assume mass allocation is automatically causal.	eu-pef-2021-2279
allocation_economic_fallback	Saleable co-products without a defensible physical causal relation	If allocation remains necessary, use contemporaneous net economic values with declared geography, period, price source, zero or negative-value treatment, and sensitivity analysis.	eu-pef-2021-2279
allocation_waste_destination	Waste, residues, wastewater, and rejected product	Record treatment inputs, recovered outputs, fees or revenues, and the point where responsibility transfers; do not relabel a co-product as waste or omit burdens solely because a stream leaves the site.	eu-pef-2021-2279

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_material_mass_balance	receipt_holding; fish_preparation; freezing_glazing; packing_storage	Fish inputs, transfers, product, stock, rejects, and co-products	Scale, ERP, batch, and inventory records	lot_id; species; source_system; origin; product_form; gross_mass; tare; glaze_basis; accepted_mass; rejected_mass; opening_stock; closing_stock	Calibrated scales linked to lot and production records	kg	Each lot and reporting-period close	At least the represented production period, including start/end stock	All facilities and lines represented	Sum compatible lots; reconcile input + opening stock = outputs + losses + closing stock before normalization	Scale calibration, signed lot records, ERP extracts, and documented reconciliation
cp_utility_records	fish_preparation	Water and shared preparation utilities	Meter and invoice records	meter_id; opening_reading; closing_reading; calibration; use_area; production_hours; allocation_driver	Direct sub-meter or documented allocation from calibrated shared meter	kg, m3, kWh, or MJ	Per batch where available and at least monthly	Same period as production denominator	All represented preparation operations	Aggregate by carrier and use; convert with documented factors; allocate only residual shared use	Meter calibration, invoices, allocation worksheet, and exception log
cp_energy_records	fish_preparation; freezing_glazing; packing_storage	Electricity, fuel, purchased cooling, and storage energy	Sub-meter, fuel, and equipment records	carrier; meter_id; reading; fuel_mass_or_volume; load; operating_time; cooling_purchase; process; storage_days	Direct measurement preferred; documented engineering allocation otherwise	kWh, MJ, kg, L	Continuous or per shift, reconciled monthly	Same period as production plus represented storage	All relevant freezing, packing, and cold-store equipment	Aggregate separately by carrier and process; allocate shared cold storage using measured energy and compatible product-time	Meter calibration, invoices, load tests, run-hour logs, and allocation worksheet
cp_glaze_net_mass	freezing_glazing; packing_storage	Glaze application and net fish mass	Batch recipe, water meter, gross/net weight, and deglazing test	lot_id; pre_glaze_mass; applied_water; post_glaze_mass; deglazed_mass; test_method; sample_count	Lot measurement using documented glaze-exclusion method	kg	Each represented glazing campaign and release lot	Same period as reference output	Every glazing line and product form represented	Calculate retained glaze and net fish by lot; production-weight aggregate only compatible products	Scale calibration, sample record, test method, and release record
cp_residue_destination	receipt_holding; fish_preparation; packing_storage	Rejects, co-products, organic residues, and packaging waste	Weighbridge, bin, sales, and waste-transfer records	material; mass; wet_or_dry_basis; destination; sale_or_fee; transporter; treatment	Weigh each dispatch or use documented container tare and count	kg and currency where relevant	Each transfer	Full represented production period	All represented lines and contracted destinations	Aggregate separately by material and destination; preserve saleable co-products separately from waste	Tickets, invoices, manifests, destination confirmation, and moisture record where used
cp_water_wastewater_balance	fish_preparation	Water input and wastewater transfer	Water meters, discharge meters, sampling, and treatment records	water_input; product_retention; evaporation; wastewater_mass_or_volume; pollutant_load; destination	Metering plus documented balance; sample pollutant loads under applicable permit or plant plan	kg, m3, and measured load units	Meter readings at least monthly; sampling at required frequency	Same period as production	All represented wet-processing areas and discharge points	Reconcile water input to retained, evaporated, reused, and discharged quantities without inventing missing pollutant concentrations	Meter calibration, laboratory results, permit records, and balance closure
cp_refrigerant_balance	freezing_glazing; packing_storage	Refrigerant make-up, recovery, inventory, and fugitive loss	Purchase, service, cylinder, and equipment records	refrigerant_identity; opening_stock; purchases; additions; recovery; transfer; closing_stock; equipment_id; service_date	Technician records and mass balance by chemical	kg	Each service event and annual/reporting-period close	Same period as production, with stock boundaries	All freezing and cold-store equipment in scope	Calculate loss by chemical; allocate shared equipment using documented operating or cooling-load evidence	Service certificates, purchase records, cylinder weights, recovery records, and signed balance
cp_packaging_records	packing_storage	Primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging	BOM, issue, return, scrap, and packed-unit records	material; unit_mass; units_issued; units_returned; units_packed; scrap; reusable_cycles	Verified BOM plus periodic weighing and inventory reconciliation	kg	Per configuration and reporting period	Same period as packed output	All represented sale configurations	Sum by material; reconcile issued = packed + scrap + returns + stock change	Supplier specifications, check weights, inventory records, and reusable-asset logs

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	All foreground exchanges	normalized amount = reporting-period exchange / reporting-period accepted net frozen fish excluding packaging and added glaze	Exchange totals; accepted net frozen fish	Exchange per 1 kg reference product	codex-cxs-190-1995
calc_mass_balance	Each process and the full facility route	opening stock + measured inputs = measured outputs + documented losses + closing stock; investigate rather than force-close unexplained difference	Fish, water where relevant, co-products, residues, rejects, glaze, packaging, and stocks	Reconciled balance and disclosed closure difference	codex-cxc-52-2003
calc_glaze_exclusion	Glazed frozen product	net fish mass = gross glazed product mass - measured retained glaze mass using the declared test method	Gross mass; deglazed mass or retained-glaze measurement	Net fish mass and glaze mass	codex-cxs-190-1995
calc_refrigerant_loss	Freezing and cold-store equipment	loss = opening refrigerant inventory + purchases + transfers in - closing inventory - recovered refrigerant - transfers out	Refrigerant stock, purchase, service, recovery, and transfer records	Loss to air by refrigerant chemical identity	eu-pef-2021-2279
calc_allocation_factor	Unavoidable joint production	physical factor = selected causal physical quantity for output / total selected causal quantity; economic factor = net value of output / total positive net value, with zero or negative values treated explicitly	Output quantities; causal measure or contemporaneous net values	Declared allocation factors and sensitivity result	eu-pef-2021-2279

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_product_identity	Reference product and raw fish	Preserve species or species mix, wild/farmed source, origin, product form, glazing state, lot, and supplier linkage; do not aggregate materially different products without disclosed weights.	Product specification, supplier records, lot traceability, and unsd-cpc-3-21214
dq_temporal_geographic_technology	All inputs and outputs	Use foreground records and upstream datasets representative of the declared production period, facility geography, fishing/aquaculture system, preparation route, freezing technology, and storage duration.	Coverage matrix, dataset metadata, and variance explanation
dq_completeness	Process map	Demonstrate that all required and applicable conditional processes, product flows, wastes, elementary emissions, utilities, refrigerants, and destinations were assessed; quantify any exclusion.	Completed inventory checklist and mass/energy reconciliation
dq_food_safety_release	Accepted reference output	Link each represented lot to applicable hygiene, hazard-control, temperature, sensory/physical, and release records; PCR conformance does not replace legal food-safety compliance.	HACCP or equivalent records, temperature logs, inspection and release records, and codex-cxc-52-2003; codex-cxs-190-1995
dq_estimate_replacement	Provisional QA ranges	Treat every reasoned_estimate range as a screening flag, not a default truth; replace or explicitly approve it with representative foreground or reviewed source evidence before activation.	Review decision, foreground distribution, or source-backed replacement

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_identity	Reference flow	Require Product flow d2a5f478-6f93-455d-83df-ddfd9e622c9d, Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, kg, and exactly 1 kg accepted net frozen fish excluding packaging and added glaze.	unsd-cpc-3-21214; codex-cxs-190-1995
validate_scope_identity	Product category	Reject records that do not demonstrate Gadiformes identity and a frozen whole or declared dressed non-fillet/non-minced form; require a different PCR for excluded forms.	unsd-cpc-3-21214
validate_required_qualifiers	Dataset metadata	Require every reference-flow qualifier or an explicit not-applicable justification, including species, source system, origin, form, freezing technology, glaze basis, package configuration, storage condition, geography, and period.	codex-cxc-52-2003; codex-cxs-190-1995
validate_process_coverage	Foreground inventory	Require receipt, applicable preparation, freezing, optional glazing disclosure, packaging, frozen storage, dispatch, cleaning allocation, rejects, residues, wastewater, and refrigerant review; identify every skipped conditional process.	codex-cxc-52-2003; codex-cxs-190-1995
validate_mass_balance	Process and route mass balances	Require measured or calculated closure using aligned periods and bases; report unexplained differences rather than silently assigning them to product, waste, or evaporation.	codex-cxc-52-2003
validate_cold_chain	Freezing and frozen storage	Require time-temperature evidence for the declared freezing and storage condition; if claiming the CXS 190 benchmark, verify -18 °C or colder at the thermal centre after stabilization and the stated storage instruction.	codex-cxs-190-1995
validate_glaze_net_content	Glazed products	Require measured glaze and net fish mass separately and prevent added glaze water from entering the 1 kg reference amount.	codex-cxs-190-1995
validate_allocation	Multi-output operations	Require the allocation hierarchy, selected basis, input data, factors, zero/negative-value treatment, and sensitivity result; fail if saleable co-products are omitted or treated as waste without evidence.	eu-pef-2021-2279
validate_reasoned_estimates	All provisional ranges	Flag every value outside a provisional QA guardrail for investigation and flag every unreplaced reasoned_estimate before activation; a value inside a broad range is not proof of quality.
validate_uuid_completeness	Tiangong references	Accept the exact UUIDs only for the reference flow, Mass property, and Units of mass group; keep every other semantic inventory flow unresolved until exact Tiangong review and reject approximate UUID substitution.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground production dataset for frozen Gadiformes fish at the processing-facility gate
downstream_use	May support secondary_dataset or background_dataset use after independent review, validation, and publication
allowed_use	Product-footprint, process comparison, supply-chain, and life-cycle modelling where species/form, source system, geography, technology, glaze basis, storage duration, allocation, and data quality are compatible
excluded_use	Unqualified proxy for other fish orders, fillets or minced meat, fresh/chilled or otherwise preserved fish, fisheries or aquaculture production alone, post-dispatch cold chain, retail, cooking, nutrition, or food-safety certification
required_metadata	PCR id and version; reference-flow UUIDs; species/mix; wild/farmed source; origin; received and sale forms; freezing and glazing methods; net-mass method; package configuration; facility geography; period; storage temperature/duration; process coverage; allocation method; upstream dataset identities
required_quality_disclosure	Foreground and upstream coverage, sample and meter quality, mass/energy closure, estimate share, data gaps, allocation sensitivity, co-product and waste destinations, temperature evidence, glaze exclusion, refrigerant calculation, and unresolved UUIDs
update_trigger	Material change in species mix, source system, facility or line, preparation form, freezing technology, glaze practice, packaging, storage duration, co-product market, allocation basis, refrigerant, upstream datasets, regulation, Codex guidance, or reviewed range evidence

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-21214	dataset	United Nations Statistics Division, Central Product Classification Version 3.0 structure, code 21214 “Fish of Gadiformes, frozen”, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv (accessed 2026-08-11)	Classification identity and scope separation from other fish product forms
codex-cxc-52-2003	standard	Codex Alimentarius, CXC 52-2003, Code of Practice for Fish and Fishery Products, official Codex listing https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/codes-of-practice/en/ (accessed 2026-08-11)	Fish-product hygiene and process-control framework; no unreviewed numerical criterion is taken from this source
codex-cxs-190-1995	standard	Codex Alimentarius, CXS 190-1995, Standard for Quick-Frozen Fish Fillets, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXS%252B190-1995%252FCXS_190e.pdf (accessed 2026-08-11)	Transferable quick-freezing, cold-chain, glaze/net-content, hygiene, labelling, and quality-control principles; direct scope limitation to fillets is disclosed
eu-pef-2021-2279	official_guidance	European Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279 on the use of the Environmental Footprint methods, CELEX 32021H2279, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/oj (accessed 2026-08-11)	Life-cycle boundary completeness, upstream links, multifunctionality hierarchy, allocation disclosure, data quality, and refrigerant inventory treatment