Wheat Seed for Sowing

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR guides foreground data package construction for cleaned wheat seed intended for sowing, including certified, foundation, registered, or comparable seed classes. It covers seed multiplication, post-harvest seed conditioning, optional seed treatment, packaging, storage, and delivery to the declared gate.

Excluded products are commodity wheat grain for food, feed, starch, ethanol, or trading.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.wheat-seed
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 01111, Wheat, seed
covered_products	cleaned wheat seed intended for sowing, including certified, foundation, registered, or comparable seed classes
excluded_products	commodity wheat grain for food, feed, starch, ethanol, or trading
representative_product	cleaned and graded wheat sowing seed at declared moisture basis
production_route	seed multiplication field plus post-harvest seed conditioning
market_state	cleaned, graded, packaged, and optionally treated wheat seed at seed plant gate or regional delivery point

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	cleaned wheat seed for sowing
How much	1 kg
How well	declared seed class, treatment status, moisture basis, physical purity, and germination rate
How long or cycle	one seed production crop cycle; storage duration declared separately when included
reference_flow_link	Reference amount and product flow below

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Wheat 12da5e7d-9b93-4404-8c7d-08f98bec6238
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	seed class or certification class; treatment status; moisture basis; physical purity; germination rate; geography and declared gate; packaging state

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

Mass is the primary reference flow basis. Seed-count data require thousand-kernel weight or another transparent conversion to mass.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	The reference flow must be expressed as kg cleaned wheat seed for sowing.
seed_count_conversion	optional seed-count data	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Seed count data may be used only when thousand-kernel weight or another transparent conversion to mass is provided.
fertilizer_n_basis	nitrogen fertilizer inputs and nitrogen emissions	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Record nitrogen fertilizer as kg product and kg N when nitrogen emissions are calculated.
energy_inventory	electricity, fuel, and drying energy	Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66	MJ or kWh	State the energy unit used in each inventory row and preserve enough information for conversion.
packaging_count	count-based packaging data	Number of items 01846770-4cfe-4a25-8ad9-919d8d378345	item	Count-based packaging data must also state bag capacity or mass when packaging material quantities are calculated by mass.

Seed quality properties are foreground attributes recorded alongside the mass reference flow:

Attribute	Common unit	Typical range	Source ids
Moisture content	percent wet basis	10-14 percent	fao-wheat-seed-production
Physical purity	percent by mass	95-99.9 percent	fao-wheat-seed-production
Germination rate	percent of seeds	85-98 percent	fao-wheat-seed-production, umn-small-grain-seeding-rate
Thousand-kernel weight	g/1000 seeds	25-60 g	unl-wheat-seeding-rate, umn-small-grain-seeding-rate
Seed treatment loading	g active ingredient/kg seed	product-specific

5. System Boundary

The default boundary is foreground data collection to the declared gate for wheat seed production:

1. Source seed lot, fertilizer, fuel, electricity, crop protection products, seed treatment chemicals, packaging, and their transport records when they are part of the foreground data package.
2. Field seed multiplication: land preparation, sowing, fertilization, irrigation where applicable, crop protection, field inspections when material, harvesting, and field drying.
3. Seed conditioning: drying, cleaning, grading, testing, treatment, packaging, and storage.
4. Transport to the declared gate when the reference flow is delivered seed.

The foreground data package covers seed production to the declared gate. Downstream wheat cultivation using the seed is described in downstream use metadata when the completed dataset is consumed. Capital goods, land occupation, and land transformation are recorded when the declared data package scope includes them.

This boundary is a data-production abstraction. A declared source seed lot is the reproduction starting condition for the foreground package. The source seed lot carries variety and lot identity; seed biomass formation is represented through field material and elementary flows such as water, nutrients, land use, emissions, and biogenic carbon accounting when declared.

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	source_seed_lot
starting_condition_role	identity_and_reproduction_condition
product_classification_scope	current CPC 3.0 product category 01111, Wheat, seed
recursive_input_rule	input flow in the same product category that causes recursive tracing is recorded as declared starting condition
upstream_dataset_requirement	source seed lot disclosure and collection protocol record
disclosure	record source seed lot identity, propagation class, mass, moisture basis, treatment status, supplier or source field, and evidence

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
field_seed_multiplication	Field Seed Multiplication	required		foreground	harvested seed crop
seed_conditioning_and_treatment	Seed Conditioning and Treatment	required		foreground	cleaned seed output
storage_and_delivery	Storage and Delivery	conditional	include when the declared gate is delivered seed or storage materially affects the reference flow	foreground/downstream	delivered seed

Process: Field Seed Multiplication (field_seed_multiplication)

Inputs

Product flows

Source seed lot used for multiplication (source_seed_lot_used_for_multiplication)

Source seed lot used for multiplication is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: site-specific measured mass; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop.

• Selected flow: Wheat 12da5e7d-9b93-4404-8c7d-08f98bec6238
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: site-specific measured mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_source_seed_lot_mass
• Sources: unl-wheat-seeding-rate, umn-small-grain-seeding-rate
• Range: Provisional source seed lot screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0.001
  • Upper: 0.2
  • Unit: kg/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass source seed lot mass per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Nitrogen fertilizer carrier (nitrogen_fertilizer_carrier)

Nitrogen fertilizer carrier is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured product mass and kg N; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop.

• Selected flow: Urea 3f8850c0-f718-4c4b-8fcb-8fd42e03aa8e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured product mass and kg N
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fertilizer_input_records
• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o
• Range: Provisional nitrogen fertilizer screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg fertilizer product/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass nitrogen fertilizer carrier mass per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Phosphate fertilizer (phosphate_fertilizer)

Phosphate fertilizer is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured product mass; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop.

• Selected flow: Phosphate fertilizer 9c196b01-6aad-4252-a6e8-f853853a830c
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured product mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fertilizer_input_records
• Range: Provisional phosphate fertilizer screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.3
  • Unit: kg fertilizer product/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass phosphate fertilizer mass per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Potassium fertilizer (potassium_fertilizer)

Potassium fertilizer is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured product mass; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop.

• Selected flow: Potassium fertilizer dd008d87-16e4-4e85-a048-b9949f6fbca6
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured product mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fertilizer_input_records
• Range: Provisional potassium fertilizer screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.3
  • Unit: kg fertilizer product/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass potassium fertilizer mass per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Irrigation water supplied as a product input (irrigation_water_supplied_as_a_product_input)

Irrigation water supplied as a product input is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured irrigation water mass; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water 4ad684b1-8e85-4dee-8d9c-55d1fa2d4432
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured irrigation water mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_irrigation_water_records
• Range: Provisional irrigation water screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: m3/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass irrigation water supplied per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Field machinery fuel (field_machinery_fuel)

Field machinery fuel is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured field fuel use; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop.

• Selected flow: Diesel, burned in agricultural machinery 57e0b1a3-2d05-46b2-b61b-cf7b5b167c6f
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured field fuel use
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_fuel_records
• Range: Provisional field fuel screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.2
  • Unit: L diesel-equivalent/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass field machinery fuel per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Crop protection herbicide proxy (crop_protection_herbicide_proxy)

Crop protection herbicide proxy is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass; normalization basis: per active ingredient or formulated product.

• Selected flow: Herbicide c1370404-9e2b-4ed6-ba96-c094f74e0f2d
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per active ingredient or formulated product
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_crop_protection_records
• Range: Provisional herbicide screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.02
  • Unit: kg active substance or product/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass herbicide active substance or formulated product per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Crop protection fungicide proxy (crop_protection_fungicide_proxy)

Crop protection fungicide proxy is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass; normalization basis: per active ingredient or formulated product.

• Selected flow: Azoxystrobin 8a1f4968-6428-413f-a50b-b413bf9190cf
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per active ingredient or formulated product
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_crop_protection_records
• Range: Provisional fungicide screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.02
  • Unit: kg active substance or product/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass fungicide active substance or formulated product per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Crop protection insecticide proxy (crop_protection_insecticide_proxy)

Crop protection insecticide proxy is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass; normalization basis: per active ingredient or formulated product.

• Selected flow: Insecticide ba2ec0c8-d5da-4ca8-bf9f-317478a1ce1b
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per active ingredient or formulated product
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_crop_protection_records
• Range: Provisional insecticide screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.01
  • Unit: kg active substance or product/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass insecticide active substance or formulated product per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

No waste input is normally required for the field multiplication process. Include reused organic amendments or recovered irrigation water only when they cross the process boundary as waste-derived inputs.

Elementary flows

Land occupation (land_occupation)

Land occupation is recorded as an input elementary flow. Amount rule: measured field area and crop duration; normalization basis: per crop cycle.

• Selected flow: Select applicable elementary flow for land occupation
• Flow property / unit: Area-time / ha a
• Amount rule: measured field area and crop duration
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per crop cycle
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_land_use_records

Water withdrawal (water_withdrawal)

Water withdrawal is recorded as an input elementary flow. Amount rule: calculated from irrigation water record; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop.

• Selected flow: water 419682fe-60fb-4b43-be89-bf2824b51104
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated from irrigation water record
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Generic (generic)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_irrigation_water_records
• Range: Provisional water withdrawal screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: m3/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass water withdrawal per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Outputs

Product flows

Harvested wheat seed crop (harvested_wheat_seed_crop)

Harvested wheat seed crop is recorded as an output product flow. Amount rule: measured harvested mass; normalization basis: field subprocess quantitative reference.

• Selected flow: Wheat 12da5e7d-9b93-4404-8c7d-08f98bec6238
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured harvested mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: field subprocess quantitative reference
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_harvested_seed_mass
• Range: Harvested seed output identity
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg field process reference output
  • Basis: field subprocess quantitative reference output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: mass-balance-identity

Straw or field residue (straw_or_field_residue)

Straw or field residue is recorded as an output product flow. Amount rule: measured residue mass when it crosses the boundary; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop.

• Selected flow: Wheat straw bcaf0254-cdd3-43d1-823a-2f69df3801d8
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured residue mass when it crosses the boundary
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg harvested seed crop
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_residue_records
• Range: Provisional straw or residue screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass straw or field residue leaving the boundary per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Declare any field waste sent to treatment separately when it leaves the field boundary.

Elementary flows

Direct soil N2O emission to air (direct_soil_n2o_emission_to_air)

Direct soil N2O emission to air is recorded as an output elementary flow. Amount rule: calculate from N inputs; IPCC EF1 default is 1 percent of applied N as N2O-N; normalization basis: per N input.

• Selected flow: nitrous oxide, emissions to air unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c3-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculate from N inputs; IPCC EF1 default is 1 percent of applied N as N2O-N
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Generic (generic)
• Normalization basis: per N input
• Basis kind: Nitrogen input (n_input)
• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o
• Range: Provisional direct soil N2O screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.02
  • Unit: kg N2O/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass direct soil N2O per kg harvested seed crop after applying nitrogen emission methods
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Ammonia volatilization to air (ammonia_volatilization_to_air)

Ammonia volatilization to air is recorded as an output elementary flow. Amount rule: site-specific or regional emission method; normalization basis: per N input.

• Selected flow: ammonia, emissions to air unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a2a9-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: site-specific or regional emission method
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per N input
• Basis kind: Nitrogen input (n_input)
• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o
• Range: Provisional ammonia volatilization screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.1
  • Unit: kg NH3/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass ammonia volatilization per kg harvested seed crop after applying nitrogen emission methods
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Nitrate leaching to water (nitrate_leaching_to_water)

Nitrate leaching to water is recorded as an output elementary flow. Amount rule: site-specific or regional emission method; normalization basis: per N input.

• Selected flow: nitrate, emissions to fresh water 4d9a8790-3ddd-11dd-8d68-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: site-specific or regional emission method
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per N input
• Basis kind: Nitrogen input (n_input)
• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o
• Range: Provisional nitrate leaching screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg nitrate/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass nitrate leaching per kg harvested seed crop after applying nitrogen leaching methods
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Fossil carbon dioxide from field energy (fossil_carbon_dioxide_from_field_energy)

Fossil carbon dioxide from field energy is recorded as an output elementary flow. Amount rule: calculated from field fuel records and emission factor; normalization basis: per fuel inventory.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil), emissions to air unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated from field fuel records and emission factor
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Generic (generic)
• Normalization basis: per fuel inventory
• Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_fuel_records
• Range: Provisional field energy fossil CO2 screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg CO2/kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis: broad first-pass fossil carbon dioxide from field fuel and energy per kg harvested seed crop
  • Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process: Seed Conditioning and Treatment (seed_conditioning_and_treatment)

Inputs

Product flows

Harvested seed crop input (harvested_seed_crop_input)

Harvested seed crop input is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: 1,000-1,250 kg; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg cleaned seed output.

• Selected flow: Wheat 12da5e7d-9b93-4404-8c7d-08f98bec6238
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1,000-1,250 kg
• Value mode: Modelled estimate (modelled_estimate)
• Specificity: Generic (generic)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg cleaned seed output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
• Sources: usda-seed-cleaning-handling
• Range: Seed cleaning input yield range
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1.25
  • Unit: kg harvested seed crop/kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis: harvested seed crop input required per kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: usda-seed-cleaning-handling

Electricity for drying, cleaning, grading, treatment, and packaging (electricity_for_drying_cleaning_grading_treatment_and_packaging)

Electricity for drying, cleaning, grading, treatment, and packaging is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured electricity use; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg cleaned seed output.

• Selected flow: alternating current 4d0361a3-56cc-45f9-aa42-bb9103285bf9
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ or kWh
• Amount rule: measured electricity use
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg cleaned seed output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_energy_records
• Sources: usda-seed-cleaning-handling
• Range: Provisional conditioning electricity screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: kWh/kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis: broad first-pass electricity for drying, cleaning, grading, treatment, and packaging per kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Seed treatment fungicide proxy (seed_treatment_fungicide_proxy)

Seed treatment fungicide proxy is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass; normalization basis: per kg treated seed.

• Selected flow: Azoxystrobin 8a1f4968-6428-413f-a50b-b413bf9190cf
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg treated seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_seed_treatment_records
• Range: Provisional seed treatment fungicide screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.01
  • Unit: kg active substance or product/kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis: broad first-pass seed treatment fungicide per kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Seed treatment insecticide proxy (seed_treatment_insecticide_proxy)

Seed treatment insecticide proxy is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass; normalization basis: per kg treated seed.

• Selected flow: Insecticide ba2ec0c8-d5da-4ca8-bf9f-317478a1ce1b
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured active ingredient or formulated product mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg treated seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_seed_treatment_records
• Range: Provisional seed treatment insecticide screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.01
  • Unit: kg active substance or product/kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis: broad first-pass seed treatment insecticide per kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Packaging unit (packaging_unit)

Packaging unit is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured bag count and capacity; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg packaged seed.

• Selected flow: Woven polypropylene bag 9bfaad07-355e-467a-9bab-f95094e7c869
• Flow property / unit: Number of items / item
• Amount rule: measured bag count and capacity
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg packaged seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_input_records
• Range: Provisional packaging unit screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg packaging/kg packaged seed
  • Basis: broad first-pass packaging material equivalent per kg packaged seed
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

No waste input is normally required for seed conditioning. Include reused packaging or recovered materials only when they cross the process boundary as waste-derived inputs.

Elementary flows

Include direct dust emissions, water use, and combustion emissions when plant records show direct emissions or direct resource use at the conditioning facility.

Outputs

Product flows

Cleaned wheat seed for sowing (cleaned_wheat_seed_for_sowing)

Cleaned wheat seed for sowing is recorded as an output product flow. Amount rule: measured cleaned seed mass; normalization basis: PCR reference output.

• Selected flow: Wheat 12da5e7d-9b93-4404-8c7d-08f98bec6238
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured cleaned seed mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: PCR reference output
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_cleaned_seed_mass
• Range: Cleaned seed reference output identity
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg PCR reference output
  • Basis: cleaned wheat seed reference output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: mass-balance-identity

Marketable straw or residue owned by seed plant (marketable_straw_or_residue_owned_by_seed_plant)

Marketable straw or residue owned by seed plant is recorded as an output product flow. Amount rule: optional; normalization basis: only if included in seed plant boundary.

• Selected flow: Wheat straw bcaf0254-cdd3-43d1-823a-2f69df3801d8
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: optional
• Value mode: Not applicable (not_applicable)
• Specificity: Not applicable (not_applicable)
• Normalization basis: only if included in seed plant boundary
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Source rule (source_rule)

Waste flows

Screenings, rejected seed, dust, and off-grade material (screenings_rejected_seed_dust_and_off_grade_material)

Screenings, rejected seed, dust, and off-grade material is recorded as an output waste flow. Amount rule: measured reject mass; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg cleaned seed output.

• Selected flow: Rejects e6d6aa78-105e-4acc-a84b-46f68765a1cc
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured reject mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg cleaned seed output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_reject_mass
• Sources: usda-seed-cleaning-handling
• Range: Provisional conditioning reject screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis: broad first-pass screenings, rejected seed, dust, and off-grade material per kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Packaging waste (packaging_waste)

Packaging waste is recorded as an output waste flow. Amount rule: measured packaging waste mass; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg packaged seed.

• Selected flow: Select applicable packaging waste flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured packaging waste mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg packaged seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_packaging_waste_records
• Range: Provisional packaging waste screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.2
  • Unit: kg/kg packaged seed
  • Basis: broad first-pass packaging waste per kg packaged seed
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Cleaning dust emitted to air (cleaning_dust_emitted_to_air)

Cleaning dust emitted to air is recorded as an output elementary flow. Amount rule: measured or calculated cleaning dust mass; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg cleaned seed output.

• Selected flow: Select applicable particulate flow
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured or calculated cleaning dust mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg cleaned seed output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_cleaning_dust_records
• Sources: usda-seed-cleaning-handling
• Range: Provisional cleaning dust screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.1
  • Unit: kg dust/kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis: broad first-pass cleaning dust emitted or collected per kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Fossil carbon dioxide from conditioning energy (fossil_carbon_dioxide_from_conditioning_energy)

Fossil carbon dioxide from conditioning energy is recorded as an output elementary flow. Amount rule: calculated from conditioning energy records and emission factor; normalization basis: per process inventory.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil), emissions to air unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated from conditioning energy records and emission factor
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Generic (generic)
• Normalization basis: per process inventory
• Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_energy_records
• Range: Provisional conditioning energy fossil CO2 screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: kg CO2/kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis: broad first-pass fossil carbon dioxide from conditioning energy per kg cleaned seed output
  • Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process: Storage and Delivery (storage_and_delivery)

Inputs

Product flows

Storage electricity (storage_electricity)

Storage electricity is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured storage electricity use; normalization basis: per storage duration.

• Selected flow: alternating current 4d0361a3-56cc-45f9-aa42-bb9103285bf9
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ or kWh
• Amount rule: measured storage electricity use
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per storage duration
• Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_energy_records
• Range: Provisional storage electricity screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kWh/kg delivered seed
  • Basis: broad first-pass storage electricity per kg delivered seed over the declared storage duration
  • Basis kind: Storage duration (storage_duration)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Delivery transport fuel (delivery_transport_fuel)

Delivery transport fuel is recorded as an input product flow. Amount rule: measured delivery fuel or route fuel estimate; normalization basis: per tonne-km.

• Selected flow: Diesel oil 9d258d75-6792-4f1c-9856-81602ed8f816
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured delivery fuel or route fuel estimate
• Value mode: Modelled estimate (modelled_estimate)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per tonne-km
• Basis kind: Transport service (transport_service)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_delivery_transport_records
• Range: Provisional delivery fuel screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: L diesel-equivalent/kg delivered seed
  • Basis: broad first-pass delivery transport fuel per kg delivered seed for route-screening
  • Basis kind: Transport service (transport_service)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

No waste input is normally required.

Elementary flows

Include direct storage emissions only when measured or required by the study goal.

Outputs

Product flows

Declared delivered product (declared_delivered_product)

Declared delivered product is recorded as an output product flow. Amount rule: measured delivered seed mass; normalization basis: if reference flow is delivered seed.

• Selected flow: Wheat 12da5e7d-9b93-4404-8c7d-08f98bec6238
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured delivered seed mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: if reference flow is delivered seed
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_delivered_seed_mass

Waste flows

Storage loss or damaged seed (storage_loss_or_damaged_seed)

Storage loss or damaged seed is recorded as an output waste flow. Amount rule: measured storage loss or damaged seed mass; normalization basis: per 1,000 kg stored seed.

• Selected flow: Rejects e6d6aa78-105e-4acc-a84b-46f68765a1cc
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured storage loss or damaged seed mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg stored seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_storage_loss_records
• Range: Provisional storage loss screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.2
  • Unit: kg/kg stored seed
  • Basis: broad first-pass storage loss or damaged seed per kg stored seed
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide from storage or transport energy (fossil_carbon_dioxide_from_storage_or_transport_energy)

Fossil carbon dioxide from storage or transport energy is recorded as an output elementary flow. Amount rule: calculated from storage energy and delivery transport records; normalization basis: per process inventory.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil), emissions to air unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calculated from storage energy and delivery transport records
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Generic (generic)
• Normalization basis: per process inventory
• Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_delivery_transport_records
• Range: Provisional storage and transport fossil CO2 screening estimate
  • Range role: Default estimate (default_estimate)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg CO2/kg delivered seed
  • Basis: broad first-pass fossil carbon dioxide from storage and delivery energy per kg delivered seed
  • Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

Apply allocation decisions in this order:

1. Avoid allocation by subdividing seed production, screenings, straw management, and reject handling processes.
2. Use substitution only when the displaced product and market are supported by evidence.
3. Use economic allocation when seed, screenings, and straw are all marketable products and price data are reliable.
4. Use mass allocation only as a fallback and disclose the sensitivity.

Rejected seed, screenings, straw, and packaging waste must have declared fates, such as product output, waste treatment, field return, incorporation, feed use, open burning, or another evidenced route.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_source_seed_lot_mass	field_seed_multiplication	Source seed lot used for multiplication	seed lot receiving record	lot id; supplier or source field; propagation class; mass; moisture basis; seed class	weighbridge, calibrated scale, or supplier primary activity record	kg	per seed lot	crop cycle	seed multiplication site	sum seed lot mass and normalize to harvested seed output	scale calibration, receiving record, and seed lot certificate
cp_harvested_seed_mass	field_seed_multiplication	Harvested wheat seed crop	harvest and field receiving record	field id; harvest date; harvested mass; moisture basis	weighbridge or calibrated scale	kg	per harvest event	crop cycle	seed multiplication site	sum harvested mass at declared moisture basis	scale calibration and harvest record
cp_fertilizer_input_records	field_seed_multiplication	fertilizer inputs	input application record	product name; nutrient content; product mass; application date; field id	farm operation log, invoice, or applicator record	kg product and kg nutrient	per application	crop cycle	seed multiplication site	sum product and nutrient mass and normalize to harvested seed output	invoice, field log, applicator record
cp_irrigation_water_records	field_seed_multiplication	irrigation water	irrigation record	water source; volume or mass; pumping period; field id	meter reading, pumping log, or water invoice	kg or m3 converted to kg	per irrigation event	crop cycle	irrigated seed multiplication field	sum irrigation water and convert to mass where needed	meter record, pumping log, or water invoice
cp_field_fuel_records	field_seed_multiplication	field machinery fuel	field operation fuel record	operation; machine; fuel type; fuel quantity; field id	fuel log, invoice, or machine telematics	kg or L converted to kg	per field operation	crop cycle	seed multiplication site	sum fuel by operation and normalize to harvested seed output	fuel log, invoice, or telematics record
cp_crop_protection_records	field_seed_multiplication	crop protection products	crop protection application record	product name; active ingredient; formulated product mass; application date; field id	farm spray log or applicator record	kg active ingredient or kg product	per application	crop cycle	seed multiplication site	sum active ingredient or product mass and normalize to harvested seed output	spray log, product label, or applicator record
cp_land_use_records	field_seed_multiplication	land occupation	field area record	field id; planted area; crop duration	farm field record or GIS area record	ha and crop duration	per crop cycle	crop cycle	seed multiplication site	multiply area by crop duration where area-time is required	field map, GIS record, or farm record
cp_field_residue_records	field_seed_multiplication	straw or field residue	residue handling record	field id; residue stream; mass; fate	baling ticket, scale record, or field residue management log	kg	per residue handling event	crop cycle	seed multiplication site	sum residue mass crossing the boundary and declare fate	scale record, baling ticket, or field log
cp_cleaned_seed_mass	seed_conditioning_and_treatment	Cleaned wheat seed for sowing	conditioning output record	batch id; cleaned seed mass; moisture basis; physical purity; germination rate	calibrated scale plus quality test record	kg	per cleaned seed batch	conditioning campaign	seed conditioning facility	sum accepted cleaned seed batches at declared moisture basis	scale calibration and seed quality test
cp_reject_mass	seed_conditioning_and_treatment	Screenings, rejected seed, dust, and off-grade material	conditioning reject record	batch id; reject stream; mass; fate	calibrated scale or container mass balance	kg	per conditioning batch	conditioning campaign	seed conditioning facility	sum reject streams and declare fate	scale record, reject log, and fate record
cp_conditioning_energy_records	seed_conditioning_and_treatment	conditioning energy	facility energy record	meter id; energy type; quantity; period; process line	meter reading, utility bill, or equipment log	kWh, MJ, or fuel kg	per conditioning campaign	conditioning campaign	seed conditioning facility	allocate and normalize energy to cleaned seed output	meter record, utility bill, or equipment log
cp_seed_treatment_records	seed_conditioning_and_treatment	seed treatment chemicals	seed treatment application record	treatment product; active ingredient; dose; treated seed mass; batch id	treatment log or supplier treatment certificate	kg active ingredient or kg product	per treated batch	conditioning campaign	seed conditioning facility	sum treatment chemical mass and normalize to treated seed mass	treatment log, product label, or supplier certificate
cp_packaging_input_records	seed_conditioning_and_treatment	packaging units	packaging use record	packaging type; item count; capacity; mass when available; batch id	packaging inventory issue record or packing line log	item and kg where available	per packaged batch	conditioning campaign	seed conditioning facility	sum packaging items and convert to mass when required	packing log or packaging inventory record
cp_packaging_waste_records	seed_conditioning_and_treatment	packaging waste	packaging waste record	waste type; mass; fate; batch or period	scale record or waste contractor record	kg	per waste shipment or campaign	conditioning campaign	seed conditioning facility	sum packaging waste by fate	scale ticket or waste contractor record
cp_cleaning_dust_records	seed_conditioning_and_treatment	cleaning dust emitted to air	dust collection or emission record	dust collector mass; emission estimate; operating period	dust collector log, maintenance record, or emission calculation	kg	per campaign or operating period	conditioning campaign	seed conditioning facility	sum collected or emitted dust and normalize to cleaned seed output	dust collector log or emission calculation
cp_storage_energy_records	storage_and_delivery	storage electricity	storage energy record	meter id; energy quantity; storage period; stored mass	meter reading or utility bill	kWh or MJ	per storage period	declared storage duration	storage site	allocate storage energy by stored mass and duration	meter record or utility bill
cp_delivery_transport_records	storage_and_delivery	delivery transport fuel	transport service record	route; distance; vehicle; fuel quantity or tonne-km; delivered mass	fuel log, carrier invoice, or transport dispatch record	kg fuel or tonne-km	per shipment	delivery period	declared delivery route	sum route-specific transport service and normalize to delivered seed	carrier invoice, dispatch record, or fuel log
cp_delivered_seed_mass	storage_and_delivery	declared delivered product	delivery or dispatch record	lot id; delivered mass; delivery date; receiver or gate; moisture basis	weighbridge, calibrated scale, or dispatch record	kg	per shipment	delivery period	declared delivery route	sum delivered seed mass at declared moisture basis	dispatch record, scale ticket, or delivery note
cp_storage_loss_records	storage_and_delivery	storage loss or damaged seed	storage loss record	lot id; loss mass; damage category; fate	inventory reconciliation, scale record, or disposal record	kg	per storage period or lot	declared storage duration	storage site	sum storage loss and declare fate	inventory reconciliation, scale record, or disposal record

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
normalize_source_seed_lot_input	source seed lot input	source seed lot kg / harvested seed kg * reference output	cp_source_seed_lot_mass; cp_harvested_seed_mass	kg source seed lot per reference output
normalize_cleaning_yield	seed conditioning yield	cleaned seed kg / harvested seed crop input kg	cp_cleaned_seed_mass; harvested seed crop input record	cleaning yield and reject rate	usda-seed-cleaning-handling
calculate_water_withdrawal	irrigation water withdrawal	convert metered irrigation volume to mass and normalize to harvested seed output	cp_irrigation_water_records; cp_harvested_seed_mass	kg water withdrawal per reference output
calculate_field_energy_co2	field energy fossil CO2	fuel quantity * declared fuel emission factor, normalized to harvested seed output	cp_field_fuel_records; cp_harvested_seed_mass	kg fossil CO2 from field energy per reference output
calculate_conditioning_energy_co2	conditioning energy fossil CO2	conditioning energy quantity * declared energy emission factor, normalized to cleaned seed output	cp_conditioning_energy_records; cp_cleaned_seed_mass	kg fossil CO2 from conditioning energy per reference output
calculate_storage_delivery_energy_co2	storage and delivery fossil CO2	storage energy and delivery transport energy * declared emission factors, normalized to delivered or stored seed	cp_storage_energy_records; cp_delivery_transport_records	kg fossil CO2 from storage and delivery energy per reference output

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_seed_identity	seed lot and cleaned seed identity	Seed class, propagation class, treatment status, moisture basis, physical purity, and germination rate must be declared for the reference flow and source seed lots.	seed certificate, quality test, or receiving record
dq_mass_records	mass records	Mass values must identify record date, site or batch, unit, moisture basis where relevant, and measurement device or source record.	calibration record, weighbridge ticket, scale log, or supplier primary activity record
dq_temporal_coverage	crop-cycle data	Field production data should cover the declared crop cycle; weather-sensitive comparative work should disclose whether one-year or multi-year average data are used.	crop-year production records

9. Validation Rules

Before publishing a foreground data package using this PCR, check:

• reference flow includes mass, gate, seed treatment status, and seed quality qualifiers
• dataset metadata distinguishes seed product from commodity grain
• field seed multiplication and seed conditioning are separate when data are available
• fertilizer, fuel, irrigation, conditioning energy, packaging, and seed treatment inputs are addressed
• N2O, ammonia, nitrate, fossil CO2, water withdrawal, and land occupation are considered when in scope
• screenings, rejected seed, straw, and packaging waste have declared fates
• allocation method is declared and justified
• values outside typical ranges include a source note and method rationale

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	unit_process
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	downstream wheat seed or wheat cultivation data construction where seed class, treatment status, geography, moisture basis, and declared gate match the dataset metadata
excluded_use	commodity wheat grain, seed production outside the declared route, and studies requiring omitted breeding research or capital goods burdens
required_metadata	reference flow; geography; crop cycle; seed class; treatment status; moisture basis; physical purity; germination rate; declared gate; collection protocol coverage; DQR
required_quality_disclosure	record coverage, calculation rules, measurement devices or primary records, unresolved omissions, and data quality scores
update_trigger	material change in production route, geography, seed treatment, conditioning technology, reference flow qualifiers, collection protocol coverage, or data quality score

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
fao-wheat-seed-production	official guidance	https://www.fao.org/4/y4011e/y4011e0v.htm	seed certification, quality control, seed quality attributes, and process boundary
unl-wheat-seeding-rate	extension guidance	https://cropwatch.unl.edu/determining-seeding-rate-your-winter-wheat/	seeding rate and thousand-kernel weight method context
umn-small-grain-seeding-rate	extension guidance	https://extension.umn.edu/planting-small-grains/seeding-rate-small-grains	seeding rate formula, stand loss, and germination method context
usda-seed-cleaning-handling	handbook	https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-A-PURL-gpo20323/pdf/GOVPUB-A-PURL-gpo20323.pdf	seed cleaning process decomposition and screenings or reject context
ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o	method_factor	https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch11_Soils_N2O_CO2.pdf	N2O direct emission factor and nitrogen emission calculation
mass-balance-identity	method_factor	Conservation of mass applied as a PCR calculation identity for process reference outputs and batch reconciliation.	QA guardrails for reference outputs and mass-balance checks.