Wheat, other

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers wheat grain not intended for sowing and classified as CPC 3.0 code 01112, including common wheat, durum wheat, club wheat, red durum wheat, and another declared wheat type when it belongs to that classification leaf. It supports foreground data packages from field preparation and crop establishment through harvest, drying, cleaning, handling, and the conditioning or tempering needed to produce the selected Tiangong reference product at the conditioning gate.

Wheat grown for sowing, flour, semolina, bran, straw sold as a separate product, and other processed wheat products are outside the canonical product identity. Seed, collected straw, and other products may nevertheless appear as input or co-product flows when they cross a modelled process boundary. Downstream milling, food manufacture, retail, use, and end-of-life are excluded.

The foreground data package shall declare geography, crop season, species or cultivar, intended use, irrigation regime, tillage and rotation context, moisture basis, market grade, postharvest operations, and final gate. Product quality claims for grain intended for human-food processing shall be checked against the applicable destination rules. CXS 199-1995 provides the default specification only for the common-wheat and durum-wheat products within its stated scope; club wheat, red durum wheat, and any other excluded type require a separately identified applicable specification.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.wheat-other
classification_refs	CPC 3.0:01112 Wheat, other
covered_products	Wheat grain not intended for sowing within CPC 3.0 code 01112, including common wheat, durum wheat, club wheat, red durum wheat, and another declared wheat type; harvested, dried, cleaned, handled, or conditioned grain where those operations are declared
excluded_products	Wheat seed for sowing; flour; semolina; bran; straw as the declared product; foods and other manufactured wheat products
representative_product	Tempered wheat grain conditioned for milling
production_route	Field cultivation, harvest, postharvest drying and cleaning, and declared conditioning or tempering
market_state	Bulk saleable grain at the declared farm, storage, or conditioning gate; moisture, grade, destination, and conditioning status declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Non-seed wheat grain delivered as tempered grain conditioned for milling
How much	1,000 kg net saleable grain on the declared as-received moisture basis
How well	Wheat suitable for its declared processing use; for common wheat and durum wheat intended for human-food processing within the scope of CXS 199-1995, moisture is not above 14.5% m/m and that standard's quality and safety qualifiers apply; other wheat types follow their separately declared destination specification
How long or cycle	One declared crop cycle and its associated postharvest conditioning lot; storage beyond the declared gate is excluded unless explicitly modelled
reference_flow_link	The quantity of the reference product output row tempered_wheat_reference_product equals 1,000 kg

Field	Value
Reference amount	1,000 kg
Reference product flow	Tempered wheat grain 78bd12e1-801c-4f96-a880-dba39e22783c
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	species or cultivar; seed status; intended use; geography; crop season; irrigation regime; tillage and rotation context; moisture content and measurement method; market grade; drying and cleaning status; tempering status; final gate

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Reference product and all grain mass balances	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Record the reference amount as net saleable grain mass. Packaging, vehicle tare, and rejected material are excluded from reference mass.
moisture_basis	Grain inputs, intermediate grain, and reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg and % m/m moisture	Preserve measured as-received mass and moisture. If masses are converted to a common moisture basis, use dry matter conservation and retain both measured and converted values. For common wheat and durum wheat intended for human-food processing within its stated scope, validate the final lot against the 14.5% m/m maximum in codex-cxs-199-1995; otherwise apply the separately declared destination specification.
area_normalization	Area-based cultivation records	Area	ha	Normalize each crop-cycle amount to 1,000 kg reference product as amount per hectare multiplied by 1,000 and divided by net saleable grain yield in kg per hectare.
nutrient_mass	Mineral and organic nutrient inputs	Nutrient mass	kg N, kg P2O5, or kg K2O	Record both product mass and declared nutrient analysis; never substitute formulated product mass for nutrient mass in emission calculations.
energy_consistency	Fuel, electricity, drying, and handling energy	Energy or fuel mass/volume	MJ, kWh, kg, or L	Preserve the measured billing or meter unit and document any lower-heating-value or electricity conversion factor used for normalization.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Field prepared for sowing at the start of the declared crop cycle, with prior land use, previous crop, soil condition, and retained residue state declared
starting_condition_role	Foreground cultivation starting gate
product_classification_scope	CPC 3.0 code 01112 non-seed wheat grain; CPC 01111 wheat seed is an upstream input category, not the reference product
recursive_input_rule	If a CPC 01112 wheat product enters the foreground system, record it once at the physical receiving process and link a separate upstream dataset; do not expand another copy of this PCR inside the same foreground package
upstream_dataset_requirement	Purchased seed, fertilisers, amendments, crop-protection products, fuels, electricity, water supply, and transport services require geographically and temporally appropriate upstream datasets
disclosure	Declare land-use history, crop rotation, tillage, irrigation, fertiliser and residue management, yield, grain moisture, co-product treatment, postharvest operations, storage duration included, and final gate

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_crop_cycle	foreground_system_boundary	Include field preparation, sowing, crop husbandry, irrigation where used, fertiliser and crop-protection application, harvest, and the postharvest operations needed to reach the declared reference grain state.	fao-leap-animal-feeds-2016
boundary_upstream_inputs	upstream_dataset_links	Link upstream production and delivery datasets for every purchased material and energy input; keep the on-farm or postharvest use in the foreground inventory.	eu-pef-2021-2279; fao-leap-animal-feeds-2016
boundary_field_emissions	direct_field_emissions	Include direct and indirect nitrogen emissions from managed soil, crop-residue nitrogen returned to soil, and CO2 from lime and urea when applicable; apply a declared IPCC tier or a reviewed regional method without double counting.	ipcc-2019-managed-soils
boundary_postharvest_gate	postharvest_operations	Include drying, cleaning, handling, storage, and tempering only to the declared gate; disclose excluded storage or conditioning and do not include milling or food manufacture.	codex-cxs-199-1995; eu-pef-2021-2279
boundary_data_gaps	completeness	Do not omit an environmentally relevant flow solely because primary data are missing. Use a documented proxy or provisional estimate, disclose the gap and uncertainty, and prioritize replacement with primary data.	eu-pef-2021-2279; fao-leap-animal-feeds-2016

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
crop_cultivation	Wheat cultivation and harvest	required		Foreground crop production; Tiangong process d145ea84-0aa6-4fca-a8f8-99ef3684d016	One declared crop cycle and measured harvested grain output
postharvest_conditioning	Grain drying, cleaning, handling, and tempering	required		Foreground postharvest preparation; Tiangong processes 7279cfd0-c54b-4799-b15b-3564219d1907 and e080aa90-8ea0-473d-881e-1fcc99d84ee0	1,000 kg net saleable tempered wheat grain

Process: Wheat cultivation and harvest (crop_cultivation)

Inputs

Product flows

Wheat seed for sowing (wheat_seed_input)

Record purchased or retained sowing seed that enters the crop cycle. The exact seed flow UUID remains to be selected for the declared seed type and geography.

• Selected flow: Wheat seed for sowing
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured seed issued to the declared field area
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable grain output
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_crop_inputs
• Range: Provisional broad seeding-rate screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 50
  • Upper: 350
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: seed applied per cultivated hectare in the declared crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Fertilisers and soil amendments (fertiliser_and_amendment_inputs)

Record each mineral fertiliser, manure, compost, lime, urea, and other amendment separately with product mass, nutrient analysis, application date, and field area.

• Selected flow: Fertiliser and soil amendment products
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product and kg declared nutrient
• Amount rule: measured purchased, issued, or applied mass reconciled to field application records
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable grain output
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_crop_inputs
• Range: Provisional aggregate nutrient-input screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 800
  • Unit: kg declared nutrient/ha
  • Basis: aggregate N, P2O5, and K2O applied per cultivated hectare
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Crop-protection products (crop_protection_inputs)

Record formulated herbicide, fungicide, insecticide, growth regulator, and seed-treatment products separately, including active ingredient concentration where available.

• Selected flow: Crop-protection products
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg formulated product and kg active ingredient
• Amount rule: measured issued or applied formulated product mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable grain output
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_crop_inputs
• Range: Provisional broad formulated-product screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 50
  • Unit: kg formulated product/ha
  • Basis: total crop-protection product applied per cultivated hectare
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Irrigation water (irrigation_water_input)

Include irrigation water only where irrigation occurs. Record both delivered water and, where required by the study, the resource withdrawal and source type without double counting.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water supply
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: metered, pump-runtime-derived, or water-account volume delivered to the field
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable grain output
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_crop_inputs
• Range: Provisional irrigation-volume screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 12000
  • Unit: m3/ha
  • Basis: irrigation water delivered per cultivated hectare
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Field fuel and energy (field_energy_inputs)

Record diesel, gasoline, electricity, and other energy carriers separately by operation; retain physical purchase or meter units and the conversion used to aggregate energy.

• Selected flow: Field fuel and electricity supply
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: measured fuel issue and electricity meter records converted to MJ with disclosed factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable grain output
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_crop_inputs
• Range: Provisional aggregate field-energy screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 50000
  • Unit: MJ/ha
  • Basis: aggregate direct field energy per cultivated hectare
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Harvested wheat grain (harvested_wheat_output)

Record gross harvested grain and the net saleable quantity after field-level rejects. Moisture shall be measured for every represented lot.

• Selected flow: Harvested non-seed wheat grain
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured scale-ticket or calibrated mass record for harvested and saleable grain
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per cultivated hectare and per crop cycle
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_outputs
• Sources: faostat-ag-production-2000-2020; fao-wheat-crop-information
• Range: Provisional broad yield plausibility screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.8
  • Upper: 9
  • Unit: t/ha
  • Basis: deliberately broad screen informed by reported regional means and good-irrigated yield context; replace with reviewed regional evidence and do not treat as an allowed conformance interval
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Collected straw or other crop co-product (collected_crop_coproduct)

Record straw or another crop product only when it is intentionally collected and leaves the field as a product. Residue left or incorporated in soil is not an output product.

• Selected flow: Collected wheat straw or declared crop co-product
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg dry matter
• Amount rule: measured or calculated collected dry mass, excluding residue returned to soil
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable grain output
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_outputs
• Range: Provisional collected-residue mass screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 3
  • Unit: kg dry matter/kg net saleable grain
  • Basis: collected residue dry mass relative to saleable grain mass
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Managed-soil nitrogen emissions (managed_soil_n_emissions)

Calculate direct and indirect N2O and associated nitrogen-loss pathways from collected nitrogen inputs, residue management, and regional conditions using the declared IPCC tier or an accepted regional method.

• Selected flow: Nitrous oxide and associated managed-soil nitrogen emissions by compartment
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg emitted substance
• Amount rule: calculated separately for direct N2O, volatilization and deposition, and leaching and runoff pathways
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable grain output
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_nitrogen_activity
• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils
• Range: Non-negative method constraint
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: not fixed by this PCR
  • Unit: kg emitted substance/ha
  • Basis: calculated emission per cultivated hectare and crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils

Carbon dioxide from lime and urea (lime_urea_co2)

Calculate CO2 from lime and urea application when those inputs occur, using collected application masses and the selected IPCC method.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide to air from lime and urea application
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg CO2
• Amount rule: calculated from collected lime and urea application mass and declared carbon-content or default factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable grain output
• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_nitrogen_activity
• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils
• Range: Non-negative method constraint
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: not fixed by this PCR
  • Unit: kg CO2/ha
  • Basis: calculated emission per cultivated hectare and crop cycle
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils

Process: Grain drying, cleaning, handling, and tempering (postharvest_conditioning)

Inputs

Product flows

Harvested wheat received (received_wheat_input)

Record the measured mass and moisture of each received lot and reconcile it with the cultivation output or an upstream wheat dataset.

• Selected flow: Harvested non-seed wheat grain
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured received mass by lot before cleaning and conditioning
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable tempered grain output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_inputs
• Range: Provisional received-to-product mass screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.95
  • Upper: 1.30
  • Unit: kg received grain/kg reference product
  • Basis: as-received grain before cleaning, drying, and tempering
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Conditioning water (conditioning_water_input)

Record water added during tempering and any separately metered cleaning water. Do not infer water uptake from grain mass difference without a moisture balance.

• Selected flow: Process water
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured water addition by lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable tempered grain output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_inputs
• Range: Provisional tempering-water screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.10
  • Unit: kg water/kg reference product
  • Basis: water added during declared cleaning and tempering operations
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Postharvest energy (postharvest_energy_input)

Record electricity and fuels separately for drying, conveying, aeration, cleaning, handling, and tempering.

• Selected flow: Electricity and fuel supply for postharvest operations
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: measured meters, invoices, or equipment logs converted to MJ with disclosed factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable tempered grain output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_inputs
• Range: Provisional postharvest-energy screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 3
  • Unit: MJ/kg reference product
  • Basis: aggregate direct postharvest energy through the declared gate
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Tempered wheat reference product (tempered_wheat_reference_product)

This is the declared reference product after the included drying, cleaning, handling, and tempering operations.

• Selected flow: Tempered wheat grain 78bd12e1-801c-4f96-a880-dba39e22783c
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: exactly 1,000 kg net saleable product on the declared moisture basis
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: PCR reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Source rule (source_rule)
• Range: Reference-flow identity
  • Range role: Allowed range (allowed_range)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: PCR reference product amount
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Source rule (source_rule)

Waste flows

Screenings and rejected grain (screenings_and_rejects)

Record screenings, stones, dust collected as waste, and grain rejected from the saleable product. Material sold or used as a co-product shall be recorded as a product flow instead.

• Selected flow: Wheat cleaning screenings and rejects
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured rejected or collected waste mass by lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable tempered grain output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_outputs
• Range: Provisional cleaning-loss screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.20
  • Unit: kg waste/kg received grain
  • Basis: waste and rejects relative to received grain mass
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Uncaptured grain dust (grain_dust_to_air)

Record measured or calculated uncaptured particulate emissions from drying, conveying, and cleaning; do not include dust already counted in collected screenings.

• Selected flow: Particulate matter to air from grain handling
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured emissions or calculated emissions from equipment-specific factors and throughput
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1,000 kg net saleable tempered grain output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_outputs
• Range: Provisional dust-emission screen
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.01
  • Unit: kg particulate/kg received grain
  • Basis: uncaptured dust relative to received grain mass
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid	multifunctional_processes	Avoid allocation by subdividing cultivation and postharvest operations and assigning directly measured inputs, outputs, and emissions to the product or operation that causes them.	eu-pef-2021-2279
allocation_crop_coproducts	collected_straw_and_other_coproducts	Residue returned to soil receives no product allocation. When straw or another co-product leaves the field and subdivision is not possible, apply a documented physical relationship that reflects causality; if no defensible physical relationship exists, use economic allocation with geography- and period-specific prices and report sensitivity.	eu-pef-2021-2279; fao-leap-animal-feeds-2016
allocation_rotation	shared_rotation_operations	Assign crop-specific operations directly. Allocate genuinely shared multi-crop or multi-year operations by the physical driver such as treated area, operation time, or measured use, and disclose the chosen driver and period.	fao-leap-animal-feeds-2016
allocation_waste	postharvest_rejects	Treat material without an intended market or internal productive use as waste. If screenings or rejected grain are sold or used productively, reclassify them as product flows and apply the multifunctionality hierarchy.	eu-pef-2021-2279

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_crop_inputs	crop_cultivation	Seed, fertiliser, amendment, crop-protection, irrigation, fuel, and electricity inputs	invoices, issue logs, application logs, meters, field records	product identity; quantity; nutrient or active-ingredient analysis; field area; date; operation; meter or invoice id	reconcile purchases and issues to field application and meter records	native unit plus kg, m3, kWh, or MJ after documented conversion	each application or operation	full declared crop cycle	every represented field or homogeneous field group	sum by product and field, then normalize by net saleable grain yield	invoice or issue record, calibrated meter, application log, field map, and conversion factor source
cp_harvest_outputs	crop_cultivation	Harvested grain and collected crop co-products	scale tickets, yield monitor, moisture tests, field and storage logs	gross mass; net mass; moisture; field area; lot id; reject mass; collected straw mass and dry-matter fraction	calibrated scale or validated yield monitor reconciled to storage receipts	kg, % m/m moisture, ha	each harvest lot	complete harvest period for the declared crop cycle	every represented field and storage receiving point	sum lot dry matter and as-received mass separately; retain yield-weighted moisture	scale calibration, moisture-meter calibration, lot reconciliation, and field-to-store mass balance
cp_nitrogen_activity	crop_cultivation	Managed-soil nitrogen and carbon activity data	fertiliser records, amendment analysis, yield and residue records, soil and management records	synthetic N; organic N; residue yield and N content; removal fraction; urea; lime; soil type; climate; irrigation; method tier	compile activity data required by the declared IPCC or accepted regional method	kg N, kg product, kg dry matter, ha	each application and annual crop-cycle calculation	full crop cycle and applicable emission period	each represented field or homogeneous emission stratum	calculate by stratum, sum emissions, then normalize by saleable grain output	source records, laboratory analyses, method version, factors, equations, and independent calculation check
cp_postharvest_inputs	postharvest_conditioning	Received grain, conditioning water, electricity, and fuel	receiving tickets, moisture tests, water and energy meters, invoices, batch logs	lot id; received mass and moisture; water added; electricity; fuel; operation; start and end time	calibrated scale, moisture test, meter, invoice, or equipment log	kg, % m/m moisture, m3, kWh, MJ	each lot and billing period	all lots and operations represented by the dataset	each represented receiving and conditioning site	allocate shared meter totals by measured throughput or operating time and disclose method	scale and meter calibration, invoices, batch sheets, and meter reconciliation
cp_postharvest_outputs	postharvest_conditioning	Saleable grain, screenings, rejects, and dust	dispatch tickets, moisture and grade tests, waste tickets, emission measurements or equipment factors	saleable mass; moisture; grade; waste mass; disposition; particulate result or factor; throughput	calibrated scale and laboratory or inspection records; measured emissions preferred	kg and % m/m moisture	each finished lot and waste movement	all represented postharvest lots	each represented dispatch, storage, and waste-handling site	reconcile incoming grain, water addition, saleable output, waste, and moisture change on wet and dry bases	scale calibration, test report, waste receipt, mass-balance check, and factor source where used

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	all crop-cycle and process amounts	Normalized amount = recorded amount multiplied by 1,000 divided by net saleable reference-product mass in kg on the same moisture basis	recorded amount; net saleable grain mass; moisture basis	amount per 1,000 kg reference product
calc_moisture_conversion	grain mass conversion	Dry matter = as-received mass multiplied by one minus moisture fraction. Converted mass at target moisture = dry matter divided by one minus target moisture fraction.	as-received mass; measured moisture; target moisture	dry matter and explicitly labelled converted mass	codex-cxs-199-1995
calc_managed_soil_emissions	managed-soil nitrogen emissions	Apply the declared IPCC tier equations to synthetic and organic N, crop-residue N, volatilization, deposition, leaching, and runoff activity data; convert N2O-N to N2O where required and prevent double counting across pathways.	nitrogen activity fields; residue data; regional conditions; selected factors	direct and indirect N2O and associated nitrogen-loss flows	ipcc-2019-managed-soils
calc_lime_urea_co2	lime and urea application	Calculate CO2 from collected lime and urea application amounts using the declared IPCC carbon-content or emission factors.	lime type and mass; urea mass; selected factors	kg CO2 per crop cycle	ipcc-2019-managed-soils
calc_postharvest_mass_balance	postharvest conditioning	Reconcile received dry matter with saleable-product dry matter, collected co-products, wastes, and measured losses; water addition and removal shall be reported separately from dry-matter loss.	received and output masses; moisture; water addition; waste and co-product mass	wet-mass and dry-matter balance with unexplained difference

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	product and process identity	Preserve lot, field, crop season, geography, cultivar or species, intended use, seed status, market grade, moisture basis, operations, and final gate.	linked field, lot, test, and dispatch records
dq_temporal	temporal representativeness	Use a complete crop cycle and all represented postharvest lots. Multi-year averages shall retain annual values, coverage, and weighting.	dated records and coverage reconciliation
dq_geography_technology	geographic and technological representativeness	Match irrigation, tillage, field operations, electricity, fuels, drying, cleaning, and tempering technology to the represented region and period.	field map, equipment list, supplier geography, and dataset metadata
dq_completeness	inventory completeness	Reconcile purchased and issued inputs, harvested and dispatched outputs, co-products, wastes, water, and energy; explain every material gap or proxy.	mass, nutrient, water, and energy reconciliation plus gap register
dq_measurement	measurement quality	Retain calibration or verification evidence for scales, moisture meters, water and energy meters, and laboratory analyses.	calibration certificates, test reports, and meter checks
dq_sources_uncertainty	secondary data and estimates	Document source, version, geography, time, method, and uncertainty for every secondary dataset, factor, proxy, and reasoned estimate. Replace provisional ranges before active review unless explicitly accepted.	source register, uncertainty records, and reviewer disposition

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validation_reference_identity	reference_product	Confirm the reference output is 1,000 kg of flow 78bd12e1-801c-4f96-a880-dba39e22783c with Mass property 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, Units of mass group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, and all required qualifiers.
validation_product_quality	grain_quality	For common wheat and durum wheat declared suitable for human-food processing within the scope of CXS 199-1995, verify measured moisture is not above 14.5% m/m. For every wheat type, retain the separately applicable destination quality and safety evidence and do not extend CXS 199-1995 to an excluded type.	codex-cxs-199-1995
validation_crop_coverage	crop_cultivation	Require complete crop-cycle coverage for material and energy inputs, harvest outputs, residue management, and direct field emissions; every omission or proxy shall be disclosed.	eu-pef-2021-2279; fao-leap-animal-feeds-2016
validation_nitrogen_method	managed_soil_emissions	Reconcile nitrogen activity data to the declared emission equations, identify the IPCC tier or regional method and factors, and check direct and indirect pathways for missing terms and double counting.	ipcc-2019-managed-soils
validation_mass_balance	postharvest_conditioning	Require wet-mass and dry-matter balances across received grain, water addition or removal, product, co-products, wastes, and measured losses; investigate any unexplained difference.
validation_allocation	multifunctionality	Confirm direct assignment or subdivision was attempted before allocation, and retain the physical or economic allocation driver, period, factor, and sensitivity where allocation remains.	eu-pef-2021-2279; fao-leap-animal-feeds-2016
validation_reasoned_estimates	provisional_ranges	Flag every reasoned_estimate as provisional and replace it with regional reviewed evidence before activation unless the review record explicitly accepts continued use.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground production data package for non-seed wheat grain through the declared postharvest conditioning gate
downstream_use	May be published as a secondary_dataset or background_dataset for process and lifecyclemodel construction after review
allowed_use	Attributional modelling of declared wheat cultivation and conditioning routes with matching geography, period, technology, moisture basis, product quality, and allocation context
excluded_use	Wheat seed production; flour or semolina manufacture; unidentified global substitution; comparative assertions where required qualifiers, representativeness, or allocation sensitivity are missing
required_metadata	PCR id and version state; geography; crop season; field and lot coverage; cultivar or species; intended use; irrigation and tillage; rotation; moisture basis; grade; gate; process route; allocation; source and dataset versions
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data coverage; calibration status; mass and nutrient reconciliation; temporal, geographic, and technological representativeness; proxies; reasoned estimates; uncertainty; allocation sensitivity; unresolved UUIDs
update_trigger	New reviewed regional evidence, revised Codex or IPCC rules, material technology or market-state change, UUID replacement, changed allocation practice, or evidence that a screening range is not representative

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
codex-cxs-199-1995	Standard (standard)	Codex Alimentarius, CXS 199-1995, Standard for Wheat and Durum Wheat, amended 2019 with 2025 corrigendum, https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fworkspace.fao.org%2Fsites%2Fcodex%2FStandards%2FCXS+199-1995%2FCXS_199e.pdf, retrieved 2026-08-07	Product scope, species, processing-use quality, moisture maximum, contaminants, hygiene, and lot qualifiers
eu-pef-2021-2279	Official guidance (official_guidance)	European Commission Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279, Product Environmental Footprint method and PEFCR requirements, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/2021-12-30, retrieved 2026-08-07	System-boundary completeness, data gaps, primary and secondary data quality, and multifunctionality hierarchy
fao-leap-animal-feeds-2016	Official guidance (official_guidance)	FAO LEAP Partnership, Environmental performance of animal feeds supply chains: Guidelines for assessment, 2016, https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/040bf0e7-e652-4eda-807c-37172c403671/content, retrieved 2026-08-07	Crop-production process coverage, allocation, primary-data preference, data management, representativeness, completeness, and uncertainty
ipcc-2019-managed-soils	Method factor (method_factor)	IPCC, 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, Volume 4, Chapter 11: N2O Emissions from Managed Soils, and CO2 Emissions from Lime and Urea Application, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch11_Soils_N2O_CO2.pdf, retrieved 2026-08-07	Nitrogen activity data, direct and indirect N2O, crop-residue nitrogen, volatilization, leaching and runoff, and lime and urea CO2 calculations
faostat-ag-production-2000-2020	Dataset (dataset)	FAO, Agricultural production statistics 2000-2020, FAOSTAT Analytical Brief 41, https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/b75223dd-4e30-43aa-85a9-4c587753b027/content, retrieved 2026-08-07	Regional wheat yield means used only as broad plausibility evidence
fao-wheat-crop-information	Official guidance (official_guidance)	FAO Land and Water, Wheat crop information, https://www.fao.org/land-water/databases-and-software/crop-information/wheat/en/, retrieved 2026-08-07	Good irrigated wheat-yield context used only in the broad yield plausibility screen