Sugar cane

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR governs foreground production of accepted mature sugarcane stalks at the platform-declared agricultural-field hand-off. It includes plant-cane establishment, every represented ratoon period, field management, manual or mechanical harvest, green-cane or pre-harvest-burn disclosure, field conditioning, residues, losses and the carried stubble responsibility. It excludes transport beyond that hand-off and all crushing, juice extraction, clarification, evaporation, sugar, molasses and ethanol manufacture.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.sugar-cane
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 01802 Sugar cane; mapping relation: exact
covered_products	Mature harvested sugarcane stalks of Saccharum officinarum or declared commercial sugarcane hybrids, accepted at the agricultural-field hand-off
excluded_products	Sucrose or processed sugar; juice; syrup; molasses; ethanol; bagasse; planting material sold as seed cane; transport and processing after the field hand-off
representative_product	Accepted mature harvested cane stalk, not processed sucrose
production_route	The platform flow declares no route. The PCR requires managed plant-cane and/or ratoon production plus manual or mechanical harvest; green-cane and pre-harvest-burn routes are mutually exclusive for one field-lot event.
market_state	Fresh mature stalks, topped and stripped of excessive leaf/trash and gross adhering soil, at the exact platform gate Natural mix, at agricultural fields; moisture, variety, burn status, harvest method and acceptance condition declared

The managed biological production parent is field_production. Plant cane and ratoon cane coexist across a declared crop series but are mutually exclusive period identities. Manual/mechanical and green/pre-burn alternatives are attached to harvest; each changed topology, input, emission, residue route and data requirement must be recorded for the chosen route.

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Accepted mature harvested sugarcane stalks at the exact platform gate Natural mix, at agricultural fields
How much	1 kg
How well	Meets declared lot acceptance for variety or hybrid, maturity, moisture, burn status, harvest method, tops/leaves, foreign matter, damage and gross adhering soil
How long or cycle	One identified plant-cane or ratoon harvest period within a declared complete crop series; shared establishment burdens attributed across actual accepted outputs
reference_flow_link	accepted_sugarcane_stalks

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Saccharum officinarum d56c6f6a-8f2e-4351-8362-18a710ac31f0
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Mass units 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	exact gate Natural mix, at agricultural fields; no platform treatment route declared; fresh mature stalk; species or hybrid; plant-cane or ratoon period; crop-series identifier; green or pre-burn harvest; manual or mechanical harvest; moisture basis; tops/leaves and foreign matter condition; acceptance grade; geography and harvest date

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	accepted reference stalks	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Use net fresh mass at the declared field hand-off; do not substitute sucrose, dry matter or factory-received mass.
moisture_alignment	stalk, tops, trash and loss mass balance	Mass with moisture basis	kg	Declare wet or dry basis and convert compared masses to a common basis using paired samples.
nutrient_product_basis	individual nutrient products	Actual product mass and nutrient analysis	kg product; kg nutrient	Collect each actual product once in a separate atomic card; calculate nutrient inputs from retained analyses without duplicating product exchanges.
period_normalization	plant and ratoon periods	Mass, area and period identifiers	kg; ha; period	Normalize period-specific records to accepted output and amortize shared establishment only across the actual declared harvest series.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Plant-cane field before establishment, or viable ratoon stubble carried from the identified preceding harvest period
starting_condition_role	Initial field condition or cross-period intermediate; never a burden-free untracked input
product_classification_scope	CPC 3.0: 01802 Sugar cane
recursive_input_rule	Purchased cane used as planting material is an input with an upstream dataset; retained stubble is linked once from the preceding harvest and is not recursively represented as accepted market cane
upstream_dataset_requirement	Require upstream datasets for purchased planting cane, products and energy; require origin, quantity, quality and hand-off consistency
disclosure	Declare geography, field, crop-series and period ids, plant/ratoon status, establishment and termination, irrigation, nutrient and protection management, harvest technology, green/pre-burn status, residue routes, hand-off, output set and allocation

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_field_handoff	whole route	End at accepted harvested stalks at the agricultural-field hand-off; exclude all post-hand-off transport and factory conversion.	fao-sugarcane-water-2012
boundary_period_series	plant cane and ratoons	Enumerate plant establishment, every represented ratoon and final termination; link stubble and shared burdens once across periods.	fao-sugarcane-water-2012
boundary_harvest_routes	harvest	Declare manual or mechanical technology and exactly one green-cane or pre-harvest-burn state for each field-lot event; report changed energy, emissions, loss, trash and stubble effects.	sra-harvest-manual-2014; fao-cane-environment-1997
boundary_residue_exclusivity	tops, leaves, trash and stubble	Assign each residue fraction once to retention, intended removal, burning, recovery, disposal or cross-period stubble; preserve dry matter and nitrogen bases.	ipcc-managed-soils-2019
boundary_conditioning	field conditioning	Include topping, leaf/trash separation, gross-soil removal and loading needed for the field hand-off; exclude crushing and juice or sugar processing.	sra-harvest-manual-2014

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
field_production	Plant-cane establishment and ratoon field production	required	from field preparation or declared carry-in stubble through mature standing cane	managed biological production parent; period-indexed plant/ratoon route	1 kg accepted reference product
harvest	Sugarcane harvest	required	manual or mechanical; exactly one of green-cane or pre-harvest-burn route per field-lot	harvest/capture parent with alternative technology and biological route delta for stalks, trash, stubble and loss	1 kg accepted reference product
field_conditioning	Primary field conditioning and agricultural-field hand-off	required	topping, leaf/trash removal, gross-soil removal and loading before the declared hand-off	primary conditioning from raw collected stalks to accepted prepared stalks; factory processing excluded	1 kg accepted reference product

Process: Plant-cane establishment and ratoon field production (field_production)

Inputs

Product flows

Planting cane for plant-cane establishment (planting_cane)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Planting cane setts or billets

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: measured fresh mass of viable planting material entering the plant-cane field

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_cycle

• Sources: fao-sugarcane-water-2012

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.20
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: planting material per kg accepted cane over the declared crop series
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Fertilizer, urea input (agricultural_nutrient_supply)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, urea is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, urea

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, urea used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate input (agricultural_nutrient_supply_monoammonium_phosphate)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Fertilizer, potassium chloride input (agricultural_nutrient_supply_potassium_chloride)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, potassium chloride is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, potassium chloride

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, potassium chloride used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Cattle manure, as applied input (agricultural_nutrient_supply_cattle_manure)

Include this conditional card only when Cattle manure, as applied is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Cattle manure, as applied

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Cattle manure, as applied used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Agricultural limestone input (agricultural_nutrient_supply_agricultural_limestone)

Include this conditional card only when Agricultural limestone is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Agricultural limestone

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Agricultural limestone used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Required crop-protection records: before completing the foreground package, enumerate every actually applied formulated product separately, retaining trade name, active ingredient, salt or chemical form, concentration, density where needed, application quantity, date and treated area. Select one physically specific product identity per exchange. Derive active-substance releases separately by substance and receiving compartment. Missing formulation identity is a completeness gap; do not replace it with a generic pesticide, invented example, or assumed zero.

Electricity, medium voltage input (field_energy_supply)

Include this one exchange only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier, water source or material in a separate atomic row with its own verified or explicitly unresolved identity.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and declared period; record not applicable only when the actual route excludes it.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_operation_energy

Diesel fuel input (field_energy_supply_diesel)

Include this one exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier, water source or material in a separate atomic row with its own verified or explicitly unresolved identity.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and declared period; record not applicable only when the actual route excludes it.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_operation_energy

Waste flows

None for this process and direction.

Elementary flows

Irrigation water withdrawal (irrigation_water_withdrawal)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Water withdrawal by declared source compartment

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: measured delivered irrigation water, corrected for documented conveyance boundary

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_irrigation

• Sources: fao-sugarcane-water-2012

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: m3
  • Basis: irrigation withdrawal per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Agricultural land occupation (land_occupation)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Agricultural land occupation

• Flow property / unit: Areatime / m2a

• Amount rule: cultivated area multiplied by the represented plant-cane or ratoon period and normalized to accepted output

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_cycle

• Sources: fao-sugarcane-water-2012

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.0001
  • Upper: 0.02
  • Unit: m2*a
  • Basis: occupied land per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Outputs

Product flows

Mature standing cane transferred to harvest (mature_standing_cane)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Mature standing sugarcane crop

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: estimated or measured mature stalk mass available to the linked harvest event

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_cycle

• Sources: fao-sugarcane-water-2012

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: standing stalk mass per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Waste flows

Field growth loss and failed biomass (field_growth_loss)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Failed or unharvestable cane biomass

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: measured or sampled biomass not transferred to harvest, with destination recorded

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_cycle

• Sources:

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: broad failed-biomass screen per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Elementary flows

Direct managed-soil nitrous oxide (managed_soil_n2o)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Nitrous oxide to air from managed soil

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: calculate from field-specific nitrogen inputs and the declared IPCC tier without embedding a default factor in this PCR

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_emissions

• Sources: ipcc-managed-soils-2019

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.001
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: direct N2O screening range per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Nitrate, to water (nitrogen_leaching_runoff)

Record Nitrate, to water as one substance and receiving-medium exchange only when measurement or the selected applicable method establishes this pathway. Retain the actual receiving compartment and verify the precise flow identity. Other substances require separate exchanges; this card does not imply a default release. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Selected flow: Nitrate, to water
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NO3-
• Amount rule: Measured or method-calculated mass of Nitrate, to water, retaining activity data, factors, substance basis and receiving compartment; normalize once to the declared reference output. If reported as nitrate-N, convert to NO3- once using 62/14.
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_field_emissions
• Sources: ipcc-managed-soils-2019

Process: Sugarcane harvest (harvest)

Inputs

Product flows

Mature standing cane entering harvest (standing_cane_input)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Mature standing sugarcane crop

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: linked output mass from field production for the same field, crop period and harvest event

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: standing stalk input per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Electricity, medium voltage input (harvest_energy_supply)

Include this one exchange only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier, water source or material in a separate atomic row with its own verified or explicitly unresolved identity.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and declared period; record not applicable only when the actual route excludes it.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_operation_energy

Diesel fuel input (harvest_energy_supply_diesel)

Include this one exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier, water source or material in a separate atomic row with its own verified or explicitly unresolved identity.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and declared period; record not applicable only when the actual route excludes it.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_operation_energy

Waste flows

None for this process and direction.

Elementary flows

None for this process and direction.

Outputs

Product flows

Intended output: collected cane stalks (collected_cane_stalks)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Harvested cane stalks before field conditioning

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: weighed collected stalk mass transferred to field conditioning

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot

• Sources: sra-harvest-manual-2014

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1.5
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: collected stalks per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Sugarcane leaf trash, for beneficial use (intended_harvest_residue_output)

Record Sugarcane leaf trash, for beneficial use only when this material crosses the declared process boundary. Retain lot, physical state, composition where relevant, and actual destination. Record other materials independently rather than treating this card as a selector or material bundle. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Selected flow: Sugarcane leaf trash, for beneficial use
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg dry matter
• Amount rule: Measured net quantity of Sugarcane leaf trash, for beneficial use, reconciled to the linked lot and process balance, then normalized once to the declared reference output; retain moisture and any density conversion evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_routes
• Sources: fao-cane-environment-1997

Sugarcane tops, for beneficial use (intended_harvest_residue_output_cane_tops)

Record Sugarcane tops, for beneficial use only when this material crosses the declared process boundary. Retain lot, physical state, composition where relevant, and actual destination. Record other materials independently rather than treating this card as a selector or material bundle. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Selected flow: Sugarcane tops, for beneficial use
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg dry matter
• Amount rule: Measured net quantity of Sugarcane tops, for beneficial use, reconciled to the linked lot and process balance, then normalized once to the declared reference output; retain moisture and any density conversion evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_residue_routes
• Sources: fao-cane-environment-1997

Intended output: cross-period ratoon stubble (ratoon_stubble_carry_forward)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Viable sugarcane stubble retained for ratoon regrowth

• Flow property / unit: Area / ha

• Amount rule: record the field area whose viable stubble is deliberately retained after harvest

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_cycle

• Sources: fao-sugarcane-water-2012

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.02
  • Unit: ha
  • Basis: retained ratoon area per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Waste flows

Harvest field loss and damaged cane (harvest_field_loss)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Cane left, lost or damaged during harvest

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: sample or reconcile material not entering collected stalk output and record its destination

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot

• Sources: sra-harvest-manual-2014

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: harvest loss per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Retained or discarded tops and trash (retained_or_discarded_trash)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Sugarcane tops and trash without an independently intended use

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg dry matter

• Amount rule: measure or estimate dry matter and assign exactly one route: soil return, removal, burning, recovery or disposal

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_residue_routes

• Sources: ipcc-managed-soils-2019; fao-cane-environment-1997

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg dry matter
  • Basis: non-product trash per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Elementary flows

Process: Primary field conditioning and agricultural-field hand-off (field_conditioning)

Inputs

Product flows

Collected cane entering field conditioning (collected_cane_input)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Harvested cane stalks before field conditioning

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: linked collected-stalk mass for the same field-lot and harvest event

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_lot

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1.5
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: conditioning inlet per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Electricity, medium voltage input (conditioning_energy_supply)

Include this one exchange only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier, water source or material in a separate atomic row with its own verified or explicitly unresolved identity.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and declared period; record not applicable only when the actual route excludes it.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_operation_energy

Diesel fuel input (conditioning_energy_supply_diesel)

Include this one exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier, water source or material in a separate atomic row with its own verified or explicitly unresolved identity.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and declared period; record not applicable only when the actual route excludes it.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_operation_energy

Waste flows

None for this process and direction.

Elementary flows

None for this process and direction.

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted mature sugarcane stalks at agricultural fields (accepted_sugarcane_stalks)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Saccharum officinarum d56c6f6a-8f2e-4351-8362-18a710ac31f0
• Flow property/unit: Mass / kg

Original reference-state unit annotation: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg; unit group 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66

Raw output measurement and reconciliation: exactly 1 kg accepted mature cane stalk meeting the declared lot qualifiers

• Amount rule: 1 kg

• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)

• Specificity: Generic (generic) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: reference-flow identity
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: mass-balance-identity

Sugarcane trimming biomass, for beneficial use (conditioned_residue_coproduct)

Use this conditional card for exactly one actual material, product or waste stream in the declared process. Confirm its identity, physical state, period and destination from route records; instantiate a separate card for every other distinct stream. The template does not assert use or generation.

• Selected flow: Sugarcane trimming biomass, for beneficial use

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measure or calculate only this one identified stream for the declared process and period, with its own unit and destination; do not combine other products or waste states.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_lot

• Sources: fao-cane-environment-1997

Waste flows

Off-spec or rejected cane (offspec_cane)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Damaged, contaminated or otherwise rejected cane

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: weighed rejected mass assigned to rework, downgrade, recovery or disposal without accepted-output duplication

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_lot

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: rejected cane per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Removed soil and non-product trash (removed_soil_and_trash)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Excess adhering soil and trash removed before hand-off

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: weighed or sampled removed material with its destination recorded

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_lot

• Sources:

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: removed soil and trash per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Elementary flows

Conditioning dust to air (conditioning_dust)

Record this flow for the linked field, crop period, harvest event or lot and retain its state and destination.

• Selected flow: Reported particulate matter to air by measured size fraction

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: measured or calculated fugitive particulate mass, retaining particle-size identity

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted mature sugarcane stalk at the agricultural-field hand-off.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_lot

• Sources:

• Range: Complete quantitative QA range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.01
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: broad dust screening range per kg accepted cane
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_period_series	plant cane and ratoons	Assign period-specific inputs directly. Amortize establishment, long-lived field preparation and termination across actual accepted output of the declared crop series; do not apply a universal ratoon count and do not allocate shared burdens again within each period.	fao-sugarcane-water-2012
allocation_outputs	stalks and intended residue outputs	Enumerate every independently intended output and its hand-off. Use a documented physical relation when causal; otherwise use disclosed economic allocation. Residues without intended product status remain residue or waste and receive no avoided-burden credit by default.	mass-balance-identity
allocation_routes	field-lots and harvest events	Link inputs, outputs, cleaning, changeover and shared machine operation to one field-lot event and allocate shared burdens once by measured operating time, area or throughput.	mass-balance-identity
allocation_rework_reject	off-spec cane and returned material	Retain prior burdens on reworked or downgraded cane, add only incremental operations, and count it once at its final exclusive destination; rejects cannot also be accepted output.	mass-balance-identity

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Inventory completeness: conditional named cards are examples of individual exchanges, not an exhaustive recipe or a requirement to use those products. Before completing a foreground package, enumerate every actual planting stock, nutrient, crop-protection formulation, asset material, operating service, carrier, packaging material, waste stream and applicable elementary substance separately, using its physical identity, state, native property/unit, origin or receiving compartment, and measured or method-calculated quantity. Missing identity or quantity remains a completeness gap, never an assumed zero. Preserve the actual lot and phase basis; do not sum intermediate transfers as additional final output or duplicate burdens included in purchased services.

Retain raw site, lot, cycle and stage quantities and denominators in each collection protocol. Reconcile stocks, losses, moisture and co-product attribution first, then normalize: normalized exchange = attributable raw exchange × declared reference quantity / accepted hand-off product quantity on the same boundary and measurement basis. Apply perennial-establishment and shared-operation attribution before this normalization. Never set an internal-transfer quantity equal to the final reference quantity. Per declared reference flow means the amount, unit and product state in section 3; the data package must declare its actual route and gate.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_field_cycle	field_production	crop series, land, planting, standing cane, failed biomass and stubble	field register; scale; survey	field; crop_series; period; plant_or_ratoon; area; establishment; termination; input_mass; output_mass; moisture	reconcile field register, harvest scale and area survey; Raw aggregation and attribution: retain period records; aggregate accepted outputs only after shared-burden attribution	ha; kg; %	each event and period	complete declared crop series	each field	per declared reference flow	field map; dated register; calibrated scale; crop-series linkage
cp_field_inputs	field_production	nutrient and crop-protection products	invoice; application log; analysis	field; period; product; amount; formulation; nutrient_analysis; date; treated_area	reconcile invoices and application records; retain every product once; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum by actual product and period; normalize after period attribution	kg; L; kg nutrient	each application	each plant or ratoon period	each field	per declared reference flow	invoice; label; analysis; applicator log
cp_irrigation	field_production	irrigation withdrawal	meter; pump log	source_compartment; delivered_volume; conveyance_boundary; field; period	calibrated meter or documented pump calculation; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum delivered water by source and period	m3	each irrigation	each represented period	each field and source	per declared reference flow	meter calibration; pump curve; log
cp_operation_energy	all	fuel and electricity	invoice; meter; machine log	process; field_lot; period; route; carrier; amount; runtime; shared_operation	reconcile meter or invoice with machine hours; Raw aggregation and attribution: convert with documented factor and allocate shared use once	L; kg; kWh; MJ	each operation	establishment through hand-off	each field-lot and machine	per declared reference flow	invoice; meter calibration; hour log
cp_field_emissions	field_production	managed-soil and nitrogen losses	calculation record	N_by_source; residue_N; lime; urea; field_conditions; tier; factors; compartments	apply declared current method to collected field inputs; Raw aggregation and attribution: calculate by field-period before aggregation	kg N; kg emission	each period	each plant or ratoon period	each field	per declared reference flow	method version; factor provenance; calculation sheet
cp_harvest_lot	harvest	stalks, loss, technology and burn state	scale; harvester monitor; sampling log	field_lot; date; manual_or_mechanical; green_or_burnt; standing_mass; collected_mass; loss_mass; moisture; damage	weigh collected cane and use representative before/after or field-loss sampling; Raw aggregation and attribution: moisture-align and close inputs and outputs	kg; %	each field-lot event	each harvest period	each field-lot	per declared reference flow	scale calibration; sampling plan; route declaration
cp_residue_routes	harvest	tops, trash, burn and stubble	quadrant sample; scale; route log	field_lot; fraction; wet_mass; dry_matter; N_content; retained; removed; burned; intended_use; disposal; stubble_area	representative sampling and exclusive destination reconciliation; Raw aggregation and attribution: assign every fraction to exactly one destination	kg; kg dry matter; ha	each harvest event	each harvest period	each field-lot	per declared reference flow	sampling plan; laboratory result; destination receipt; burn record
cp_conditioning_lot	field_conditioning	inlet, accepted stalks, co-products, rejects, removed material and dust	scale; lot log; sample	lot; pass; inlet_mass; accepted_mass; coproduct_mass; reject_mass; removed_mass; moisture; destination; dust_measurement	weigh each inlet and outlet; sample moisture and foreign matter; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum passes without duplicating returned material; moisture-align mass balance	kg; %	each lot and pass	harvest to field hand-off	each lot	per declared reference flow	scale calibration; lot identity; acceptance record; destination evidence

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_period_attribution	shared establishment and termination	burden_to_period = shared_burden × accepted_period_mass / total_accepted_mass_in_declared_series; use another causal relation only when documented	shared burdens; accepted mass by period	period-attributed burden	fao-sugarcane-water-2012
calc_mass_closure	harvest and conditioning	moisture-aligned inputs = accepted output + intended outputs + retained material + losses + rejects + other exits ± measured stock change	all inlet and outlet masses; moisture	mass-closure residual	mass-balance-identity
calc_residue_exclusivity	tops, trash and stubble	total sampled residue = retained + intended removal + burned + recovered/disposed + stubble category, with mutually exclusive fractions	residue dry matter; destinations; N content	residue mass and N by route	ipcc-managed-soils-2019
calc_soil_emissions	managed-soil emissions	apply the declared current IPCC or accepted regional tier to collected nutrient products, crop-residue routes, lime, urea and site conditions; preserve gas and compartment identity	field input and residue records; factors	species-specific emissions	ipcc-managed-soils-2019
chemical_species_mass_accounting	elementary_nutrient_emissions	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	cp_field_emissions; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	reference product	Retain platform UUID, species or hybrid, agricultural-field hand-off, maturity, moisture, burn state, harvest method and acceptance condition.	flow record; lot acceptance
dq_periods	crop series	Cover establishment, every included ratoon, final termination and every accepted harvest; identify missing or partial periods.	field register; crop-series reconciliation
dq_routes	harvest and residues	Require mutually exclusive green/pre-burn state and exclusive residue destinations with mass and dry-matter evidence.	harvest log; sampling; destination records
dq_completeness	all processes	Report primary-data coverage, missing data, provisional estimates, scale and meter calibration, mass closure and Range exceptions.	coverage table; calibration; QA report

Substance-specific Release Requirement

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
preharvest_burn_emissions_specific_emission	harvest	For the actual harvest activity, preserve the original cp_residue_routes collection role and activity/state/period basis. zero for green-cane harvest; otherwise calculate each reported species from burned dry matter and the declared method. This is a mandatory identification and calculation requirement, not one aggregate elementary exchange. Enumerate each actual emitted substance and receiving compartment using a compatible measured/pathway method and activity-factor units, then create a separate concrete card or reuse the existing matching card once, with verified UUID or explicit unresolved identity. A generic pollutant/volatile/residue label, total mass loss or summed screening interval cannot establish a compound or individual-emission amount. Keep elemental versus molecular/reporting bases explicit, attribute the raw quantities and normalize once to accepted reference output. No supported release only with evidenced inapplicability; missing identity, method or activity blocks completeness. Exclude releases already covered by an inclusive service or upstream dataset.	cp_residue_routes	separate supported substance/compartment exchanges	ipcc-managed-soils-2019; fao-cane-environment-1997

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_identity	reference flow	Require the stated product, Mass-property and Mass-unit-group UUIDs, 1 kg amount and all required qualifiers; reject a sucrose or processed-sugar interpretation.
validate_period_series	plant and ratoon periods	Require crop-series and period ids, establishment and termination boundaries, accepted output by period and one disclosed attribution of every shared burden; block missing or double-attributed periods.	fao-sugarcane-water-2012
validate_route_delta	harvest alternatives	Require parent harvest activity, manual/mechanical state and exactly one green/pre-burn state for each event, plus current evidence for changed inputs, emissions, loss, residue and stubble requirements.	sra-harvest-manual-2014; fao-cane-environment-1997
validate_nutrient_cardinality	each process	Verify each actual exchange against its concrete flow UUID, physical state, property and unit; preserve explicit unresolved identities when confirmation is unavailable.
validate_output_routes	stalks, residue, stubble, loss and rejects	Require one exclusive hand-off or destination for every state and an explicit allocation decision for every independently intended output; prevent the same residue or cane from occupying two states.	ipcc-managed-soils-2019; mass-balance-identity
validate_rework	off-spec material	Link every rejected state to rework, downgrade, recovery or disposal; retain prior burdens, add incremental work once and exclude it from accepted output until resolved.	mass-balance-identity
validate_runs	field-lots, events and passes	Link inputs, outputs, cleaning, changeover and shared operations to one period, event or pass and assign shared burdens once.	mass-balance-identity
validate_ranges	cards with ranges	For each supplied quantitative Range, verify lower/upper bounds, unit, basis, basis kind, evidence kind and source field in English, Chinese and projection. Flag missing important-flow ranges as candidate evidence gaps.	mass-balance-identity

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	foreground production dataset for accepted mature harvested sugarcane stalks at the agricultural-field hand-off
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset after representativeness review
allowed_use	LCA and footprint studies requiring fresh mature cane stalks at the declared agricultural-field hand-off
excluded_use	sucrose, processed sugar, juice, syrup, molasses, ethanol, bagasse, seed cane, post-field transport or undisclosed factory processing
required_metadata	geography; crop year; field and crop-series ids; plant/ratoon period; species or hybrid; establishment and termination; irrigation; management; green/pre-burn and manual/mechanical harvest; moisture; acceptance; residues; stubble; output destinations; allocation
required_quality_disclosure	primary-data coverage by period; calibration; sampling; missing data; provisional ranges; route evidence; moisture-aligned mass closure; factor versions; period and output attribution; Range exceptions
update_trigger	material change in platform identity, field hand-off, crop-series design, plant/ratoon mix, establishment, irrigation, nutrient concrete flow identity verification

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
fao-sugarcane-water-2012	official_guidance	FAO, Crop yield response to water, Chapter 3.4 Herbaceous crops, https://www.fao.org/4/i2800e/i2800e07.pdf	plant cane, ratoons, crop duration, harvest route, stalk state and field production boundary
fao-cane-environment-1997	official_guidance	FAO, Cane, sugar and the environment, https://www.fao.org/4/x4988e/x4988e01.htm	green-cane harvest, burning distinction and residue destinations
sra-harvest-manual-2014	extension_guidance	Sugar Research Australia, Harvesting Best Practice Manual, https://sugarresearch.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Harvesting-Best-Practice-Manual-FINAL-LR.pdf	manual/mechanical operation records, green/burnt route deltas, loss, trash, quality and ratoon effects
sra-weed-manual-2021	extension_guidance	Sugar Research Australia, Weed Management Manual, https://sugarresearch.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Weed-Management-Manual_2021_Web_F.pdf	plant/ratoon weed-management route and crop-protection record requirements
ipcc-managed-soils-2019	method_factor	IPCC 2019 Refinement, Volume 4 Chapter 11, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch11_Soils_N2O_CO2.pdf	managed-soil emissions; fertilizer, lime, urea and mutually exclusive residue route calculations
mass-balance-identity	method_factor	Mass-conservation and single-counting identity	process linkage, closure, co-product, period and rework checks