Millet, other

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers non-seed millet grain delivered as harvested, unprocessed grain at the farm gate. It includes millet species represented by CPC 3.0 subclass 01182 and excludes seed-grade millet, teff, processed millet products, distribution, use, and end-of-life. The foreground includes establishment, cultivation, field inputs and emissions, harvest, threshing, and farm-gate preparation actually performed.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.millet-other
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 01182, Millet, other; mapping relation: exact
covered_products	Harvested non-seed barnyard, finger, proso, kodo, pearl, foxtail, and other in-scope millet grain
excluded_products	Millet grown for seed; teff; flour, groats, malt, fermented, or prepared millet products
representative_product	Harvested millet grain, unprocessed, at farm gate
production_route	Field cultivation followed by harvest, threshing, and declared farm-gate preparation
market_state	Unprocessed grain with species, moisture, grade, and cleaning state declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Harvested non-seed millet grain, unprocessed, at farm gate
How much	1 kg
How well	Species or mix, moisture, grade, cleaning state, and damaged-grain fraction declared
How long or cycle	One completed crop cycle
reference_flow_link	reference_millet_grain

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Millet, other f3fc75e0-f49a-48fd-a12f-88246beb1d0a
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	species or mix; non-seed use; geography; crop year; production system; irrigation; moisture; grade; cleaning state; residue fate

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
millet_reference_mass	Reference grain	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Report as-received mass and moisture; retain measured moisture for dry-matter conversion.
crop_cycle_normalization	Area-based inputs and emissions	Compatible mass, volume, or energy property	kg, L, m3, MJ, or kWh	Normalize records using accepted grain yield from the same crop cycle.
nutrient_basis	Nutrient inputs	Product mass and nutrient mass	kg product and kg nutrient	Preserve product identity and N, P/P2O5, and K/K2O bases and conversions.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Seed and purchased inputs delivered to the farm; land condition at crop-cycle start
starting_condition_role	Foreground crop-establishment starting condition
product_classification_scope	Non-seed millet grain in CPC 3.0 subclass 01182
recursive_input_rule	Grain used for sowing is recorded as seed-grade millet input, not as the reference product.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use compatible upstream datasets for seed, nutrients, water, fuels, crop-protection products, and other inputs.
disclosure	Declare species, geography, rotation, irrigation, harvest and preparation operations, moisture, exclusions, and residue destinations.

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_crop_cycle	Millet foreground	Include establishment, cultivation, applications, irrigation when used, direct field emissions, harvest, threshing, and farm-gate preparation performed.	fao-millet-systems; fao-millet-postharvest
boundary_upstream_inputs	Inputs	Model each crossing input separately with compatible upstream data; do not use an undifferentiated agricultural-input bundle.	iso-14044-2006
boundary_residue_fate	Residues	Distinguish straw or stover, chaff, and broken panicles and disclose each destination.	fao-millet-systems

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
millet_cultivation	Millet establishment and cultivation	required	Always included	Managed biological production	One crop cycle and cultivated area
millet_harvest_preparation	Harvest and farm-gate preparation	required	Always included; drying or cleaning only when performed	Harvest, threshing, separation, and preparation	1 kg accepted millet grain

Process: Millet establishment and cultivation (millet_cultivation)

Inputs

Product flows

Millet seed for sowing (millet_seed_input)

Seed-grade millet used to establish the crop.

• Selected flow: Millet, seed 8a2d72cb-ab4f-4c21-a783-c62f81599895

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measure seed used for the declared area and crop cycle.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: crop-cycle seed divided by accepted grain mass.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_millet_field

• Sources:

• Range: Provisional seeding-rate screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 30
  • Unit: kg/ha
  • Basis: broad establishment screen
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources: fao-millet-systems

Urea fertilizer (millet_cultivation_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_urea)

Collection scope and applicability for millet_cultivation_agricultural_nutrient_inputs. The following concrete identities have separate cards and apply only when use or generation is evidenced inside the original process scope. They are not mandatory inputs or a default recipe. Document non-use; missing records are not zero. Add a separate concrete card for any other actual material instead of substituting one of these names or UUIDs. Preserve attribution and boundaries and avoid double counting components included in outsourced services.

Collect each fertilizer product separately. Preserve each actual product identity, quantity, formulation, nutrient composition, application event, and allocation; do not count a compound product more than once. Raw activity or stage basis: crop-cycle nutrient inputs divided by accepted grain mass.

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the product UUID does not establish actual use or upstream-provider compatibility. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Urea 3f8850c0-f718-4c4b-8fcb-8fd42e03aa8e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_millet_field and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_millet_field
• Sources: fao-fertilizer-identities

Use this product identity only when the actual formulation and grade are compatible. Retain supplier composition and mass records; do not substitute nutrient mass, dilute solution mass or service activity for the product mass. The UUID alone supplies neither a dose nor an emission factor.

Ammonium sulfate fertilizer (millet_cultivation_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_ammonium_sulfate)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the product UUID does not establish actual use or upstream-provider compatibility. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Ammonium sulfate 8c6f0cbb-16d7-4dc9-8d55-e8dea17d7faf
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_millet_field and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_millet_field
• Sources: fao-fertilizer-identities

Use this product identity only when the actual formulation and grade are compatible. Retain supplier composition and mass records; do not substitute nutrient mass, dilute solution mass or service activity for the product mass. The UUID alone supplies neither a dose nor an emission factor.

Triple superphosphate fertilizer (millet_cultivation_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_triple_superphosphate)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Triple superphosphate fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_millet_field and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_millet_field
• Sources: fao-fertilizer-identities

Potassium chloride fertilizer (millet_cultivation_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_potassium_chloride)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Potassium chloride fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_millet_field and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_millet_field
• Sources: fao-fertilizer-identities

Cattle manure applied as fertilizer (millet_cultivation_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_cattle_manure)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Cattle manure applied as fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_millet_field and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_millet_field
• Sources: fao-organic-nutrients

Composted plant residues applied to soil (millet_cultivation_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_plant_compost)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Composted plant residues applied to soil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_millet_field and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_millet_field
• Sources: fao-organic-nutrients

Irrigation water delivered to field (irrigation_water)

Record delivered irrigation water when used; rainfall is not a technosphere input.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: Measure delivered water and retain source and irrigated area.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: crop-cycle irrigation divided by accepted grain mass.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_millet_field

• Sources:

• Range: Provisional irrigation screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 10000
  • Unit: m3/ha
  • Basis: broad rainfed-to-irrigated screen
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources: fao-millet-systems

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Direct nitrous oxide to ambient air (direct_n2o)

Calculate managed-soil N2O from collected nitrogen inputs and the selected IPCC tier.

• Selected flow: Nitrous oxide to ambient air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg N2O

• Amount rule: Apply the selected IPCC tier and convert N2O-N to N2O by 44/28.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: crop-cycle emission divided by accepted grain mass.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: N input (n_input)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_millet_emissions

• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils

• Range: Provisional N2O screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.05
  • Unit: kg N2O-N/kg N input
  • Basis: broad initial screen; selected method governs the value
  • Basis kind: N input (n_input)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils

Calculation method corresponds to Section 8 rules: calc_direct_n2o.

Process: Harvest and farm-gate preparation (millet_harvest_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Diesel for harvest and loading (harvest_diesel)

Diesel combusted in agricultural machinery for harvesting and loading.

• Selected flow: Diesel 1bfff35f-7618-4c07-8bd3-d477eea72b73

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measure diesel issued to harvest and loading machinery.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: harvest fuel divided by accepted grain mass.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Fuel inventory (fuel_inventory)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_millet_harvest

• Sources:

• Range: Provisional harvest-fuel screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 200
  • Unit: L/ha
  • Basis: broad harvest-operation screen
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources: fao-millet-postharvest

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Harvested millet grain at farm gate (reference_millet_grain)

Accepted grain at declared moisture, grade, and cleaning state is the quantitative reference.

• Selected flow: Millet, other f3fc75e0-f49a-48fd-a12f-88246beb1d0a

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg Raw output measurement and reconciliation: Sum accepted grain and normalize to 1 kg.

• Amount rule: 1 kg

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: 1 kg accepted grain at declared moisture.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_millet_harvest

• Sources:

• Range: Provisional yield screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.1
  • Upper: 8
  • Unit: t/ha
  • Basis: broad crop-cycle yield screen
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources: fao-millet-systems

Millet straw or stover removed for use (millet_straw_product)

Record removed stalks, stems, and leaves only when they leave for a documented product use.

• Selected flow: Millet straw or stover removed after grain harvest

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measure mass, moisture, destination, and market status separately from chaff and grain.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: removed mass divided by accepted grain mass.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_millet_harvest

• Sources: fao-millet-systems

• Range: Provisional removed-straw screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: t/ha
  • Basis: broad screen with moisture declared
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources: fao-millet-systems

Waste flows

Chaff and broken panicles sent to treatment (millet_chaff_waste)

Record chaff and broken panicles only when they cross to a documented treatment destination.

• Selected flow: Millet chaff and broken panicles sent to treatment

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measure mass, moisture, and destination separately from straw and accepted grain.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: waste mass divided by accepted grain mass.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_millet_harvest

• Sources: fao-millet-postharvest

• Range: Provisional chaff screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg/kg reference grain
  • Basis: broad threshing and cleaning loss screen
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources: fao-millet-postharvest

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivision	Millet production	First avoid allocation by separately recording cultivation, harvest, residue handling, and treatment.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_straw_product	Grain and removed straw or stover	If straw or stover has a documented economic product function, allocate inseparable burdens using representative economic values and report a mass sensitivity.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_residue_waste	Chaff and broken panicles	Do not allocate product burdens to material without a documented product function; classify its physical identity and destination.	iso-14044-2006

Concrete cards do not inherit numerical ranges from the former aggregate card. Determine quantities from original records, stock/meter reconciliation and the declared reference flow; no default quantity or numeric screen is supplied without evidence matching the identity, unit, period and boundary. Missing range evidence is a quality disclosure, not zero use or proof of completeness.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Specific input identification before dataset completion

Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.

requirement_id	collection_protocol_id	Preserved collection scope
crop_protection_product_specific_input	cp_millet_field	Operation millet_cultivation: Record each applied formulation as a separate physical identity with active ingredient and concentration. Original quantity method: Measure each formulation separately; do not combine unlike products into one exchange.

Retain raw site, lot, cycle and stage quantities and denominators in each collection protocol. Reconcile stocks, losses, moisture and co-product attribution first, then normalize: normalized exchange = attributable raw exchange × declared reference quantity / accepted hand-off product quantity on the same boundary and measurement basis. Apply perennial-establishment and shared-operation attribution before this normalization. Never set an internal-transfer quantity equal to the final reference quantity. Per declared reference flow means the amount, unit and product state in section 3; the data package must declare its actual route and gate.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_millet_field	millet_cultivation	Seed, nutrients, irrigation, and crop-protection products	Invoices, application logs, meters, and field records	field_id; cycle; species; area; product_identity; quantity; unit; composition; water	Reconcile purchases and stock to field applications and retain labels.; Raw aggregation and attribution: Sum by physical identity and normalize by accepted grain. crop_protection_product_specific_input: Operation millet_cultivation: Record each applied formulation as a separate physical identity with active ingredient and concentration. Original quantity method: Measure each formulation separately; do not combine unlike products into one exchange. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kg, L, m3, ha	Each application and cycle	Complete crop cycle	Each farm and field	per declared reference flow	Invoices, labels, meters, logs, and stock reconciliation
cp_millet_emissions	millet_cultivation	Managed-soil N2O	Field inputs and calculation record	nitrogen_sources; nitrogen_mass; residue_N; soil; climate; water_regime; factor_identity	Apply the accepted IPCC tier to each field or stratum.; Raw aggregation and attribution: Calculate by stratum and aggregate by accepted grain.	kg N, kg N2O-N, kg N2O	Each crop cycle	Complete crop cycle	Each field or stratum	per declared reference flow	Calculation workbook, factor identity, conversions, and review
cp_millet_harvest	millet_harvest_preparation	Harvest fuel, grain, straw or stover, and chaff	Machinery logs, scale tickets, moisture tests, and destination records	field_id; batch_id; area; fuel; grain_mass; moisture; straw_mass; chaff_mass; destinations	Reconcile outputs and fuel by field and batch.; Raw aggregation and attribution: Aggregate by batch and normalize to accepted grain.	kg, t, L, percent, ha	Each harvest and batch	Complete harvest period	Each farm and field	per declared reference flow	Scale checks, tickets, moisture tests, fuel logs, and receipts
cp_phase1_environment_coverage	millet_cultivation	managed environmental coverage by actual node	site/activity/method ledger	site and actual managed nodes; area; dated occupation intervals; co-users; establishment/immature history; actual prior/current land classes and transformation dates/areas; carbon-method coverage; upstream land coverage	Collect original records by the actual responsible production node and matched lot/period; retain provenance, method applicability and uncertainty. Reconcile with existing protocols and provider coverage, do not add duplicate events. Explicitly document inapplicability; absent evidence is a gap.	native activity units; kg N or substance; area/time as applicable	event and annual/lot reconciliation	matched production/cohort period	all actual managed-production nodes	apply applicable coverage calculations then final normalization once	original records, method worksheets and applicability evidence

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	Crop-cycle rows	normalized flow = crop-cycle quantity / accepted grain mass	quantity; accepted grain mass	Quantity per kg reference grain	mass-balance-identity
calc_nutrient_mass	Nutrients	nutrient mass = product mass × documented nutrient fraction	product mass; composition	kg nutrient	mass-balance-identity
calc_direct_n2o	Managed-soil N2O	Apply the selected IPCC tier and convert N2O-N to N2O by 44/28.	nitrogen inputs; factors; conditions	kg N2O	ipcc-2019-managed-soils
calc_moisture_mass	Grain and residues	dry mass = as-received mass × (1 − moisture fraction)	mass; measured moisture	dry and as-received mass	mass-balance-identity
chemical_species_mass_accounting	elementary_nutrient_emissions	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	cp_millet_emissions; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Environmental Coverage Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_managed_land_coverage	actual managed-production nodes	For each actual owned managed-production site, collect the occupied area and dated occupation intervals, including attributable establishment/immature and production periods. Occupation is area multiplied by actual duration, converted explicitly to the selected area-time unit (1 ha = 10,000 m2; time in years); hectares per crop-cycle alone are not an area-time result without duration. Partition or take the union of overlapping establishment/management intervals so the same area-time is counted once, with shares across actual co-users summing to one. Record evidenced land transformation separately by actual from/to land class, event area and date under the declared land-use method; transformation has area units and is not added to occupation. Planting, continued occupation or missing prior-land data do not establish a transformation or zero transformation. Preserve actual historical-event attribution and carbon-stock/emission method coverage where applicable; no invented land conversion or generic carbon credit. Instantiate separate compatible elementary identities with verified UUIDs or explicit unresolved identities; attribute once and normalize to the matched final reference. Purchased completed biological inputs inherit compatible upstream land coverage once instead of duplicating it locally. Missing applicable land identity, area, duration or prior-state evidence remains a completeness gap; documented no transformation is a valid absence.	cp_phase1_environment_coverage	attributed native environmental quantities per matched final reference

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	Reference grain	Declare species or mix, non-seed purpose, state, grade, moisture, and fixed UUID.	Product, field, batch, and identity records
dq_coverage	Foreground	Cover a complete crop cycle and harvest and disclose missing data and averaging.	Dated field, input, and harvest records
dq_completeness	Inventory	Reconcile inputs, products, residues, and emissions and preserve identity evidence gaps as coverage gaps.	Protocol, mass-balance, and gap checks

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validation_reference_identity	Reference flow	Confirm the fixed UUID represents non-seed millet, amount is 1 kg mass, and required qualifiers are declared.	unsd-cpc-3-millet
validation_binding	each inventory exchange	Check actual substance or product identity, state, direction, flow type, property, unit and applicable boundary; retain only a verified matching UUID, otherwise leave it absent and register the row.
validation_protocols	Collected and calculated rows	Confirm every collected or calculated-from-collection row references an existing protocol.
validation_mass_balance	Harvest	Reconcile grain, removed straw or stover, chaff and broken panicles, moisture changes, and losses.	mass-balance-identity
validation_nitrogen	Nutrients and N2O	Reconcile product records to nitrogen mass and verify factor tier, compartment, and conversion.	ipcc-2019-managed-soils

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Crop-production dataset for non-seed millet grain at farm gate
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset after review and publication
allowed_use	Footprints and models requiring compatible millet grain at the declared farm-gate state
excluded_use	Seed millet, teff, processed millet, or substitution without compatible species, geography, moisture, and route
required_metadata	PCR and reference identity; species; geography; crop year; system; irrigation; area; yield; moisture; grade; preparation; residue fate; allocation; protocol coverage
required_quality_disclosure	Coverage, missing data, range exceedances, evidence gap bindings, factor tier, measurement quality, aggregation, and allocation sensitivity
update_trigger	Revised identity or classification, reviewed evidence, material route change, improved regional factors, or persistent range failure

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-millet	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 structure, subclass 01182, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/econ	Product scope and identity validation
fao-millet-postharvest	official_guidance	FAO, Post-harvest Operations Compendium: Millet, https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/inpho/docs/Post_Harvest_Compendium_-_MILLET.pdf	Harvest, threshing, preparation, and residue decomposition
fao-millet-systems	official_guidance	FAO, The World Sorghum and Millet Economies, https://www.fao.org/4/w1808e/w1808e00.htm	Production diversity and residue uses
ipcc-2019-managed-soils	method_factor	IPCC, 2019 Refinement, Volume 4, Chapter 11, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch11_Soils_N2O_CO2.pdf	Managed-soil N2O method
iso-14044-2006	standard	ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines	Boundary and allocation hierarchy
mass-balance-identity	method_factor	Physical mass-conservation identity with explicit moisture conversion	Mass, nutrient, and moisture reconciliation
fao-fertilizer-identities	official_guidance	FAO Fertilizer Specifications, https://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/plantnutrition/fertspecs/en/	conditional concrete identities and method context; does not establish site use or quantities
fao-organic-nutrients	official_guidance	FAO How to Make and Use Compost, https://www.fao.org/4/i2230e/i2230e.pdf	conditional concrete identities and method context; does not establish site use or quantities