Ginger, raw

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers foreground production of fresh, unprocessed ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale) through farm-gate hand-off. It includes rainfed or irrigated field production, seed-rhizome preparation, lifting, field handling, sorting and grading, and washing only when performed before hand-off. Peeling, scraping, curing, drying, slicing, powdering, preservation, extraction, industrial processing, post-farm storage, transport and consumer packaging are excluded. Dry-ginger recovery shall never represent the reference product.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.ginger-raw
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 01657, Ginger, raw; mapping relation: narrower
covered_products	Whole fresh raw ginger rhizomes, with loose soil removed and optionally washed and surface-drained before farm-gate hand-off
excluded_products	Seed ginger sold for planting; peeled, cured, dried, sliced, powdered, preserved, extracted or otherwise processed ginger
representative_product	Marketable whole fresh rhizomes of Zingiber officinale
production_route	Managed production from seed rhizomes, lifting, conditional primary conditioning, and sorting/grading
market_state	Fresh, unprocessed, whole and firm at farm gate; washing state and commercial grade declared

The managed production parent is field_production. Rainfed and irrigated routes differ in irrigation and pumping records. Manual and mechanized lifting differ in energy records. Washed and unwashed routes differ in water, energy and effluent records. These alternatives can coexist across lots, but each lot selects its actual route and mutually exclusive burdens are not combined.

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Accepted fresh raw ginger rhizomes at farm-gate hand-off
How much	1 kg
How well	Whole, sound, firm and marketable; practically free of visible soil and foreign matter; washing state and grade declared
How long or cycle	One single-period crop cycle and its linked harvest, conditioning and grading lots; no storage
reference_flow_link	accepted_fresh_ginger

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Ginger, raw e30e5bf0-243f-4388-a2a0-8fdee391b4a9
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	species or cultivar; geography; crop dates; rainfed or irrigated; lifting technology; washed or unwashed; commercial grade; fresh raw state; farm-gate hand-off

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	accepted fresh ginger	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Measure net fresh mass after loose soil removal and, when washed, after surface water drains.
area_to_reference	field records	Mass	kg/kg reference product	Divide crop-cycle quantities by accepted mass from the same area and cycle.
nutrient_product_mass	nutrient supply	Mass	kg product and kg nutrient	Collect actual products and compositions separately; nutrient attributes shall not duplicate product exchanges.
water_volume	irrigation and washing	Volume	m3	Measure supplied volume or document density assumptions for conversion.
energy_conversion	fuel and electricity	Energy	MJ	Retain original carrier records and document conversion factors.

5. System Boundary

The foreground begins when seed rhizomes and management inputs enter the represented crop cycle and ends with accepted fresh raw ginger at farm gate. It includes preparation, field management, lifting, conditional washing and surface draining, and grading.

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Seed rhizomes ready for preparation or planting, with source, retained share, disease status, storage loss where relevant and upstream coverage declared
starting_condition_role	Biological propagation input to one managed ginger crop cycle
product_classification_scope	Fresh raw ginger rhizomes covered by this PCR
recursive_input_rule	Retained ginger used as seed is recorded once as an input with prior-cycle upstream coverage or disclosed cut-off; it is not accepted output of the represented cycle
upstream_dataset_requirement	Seed, nutrient products, water, energy, crop protection and services need compatible upstream datasets or disclosed unresolved coverage
disclosure	Declare cultivar, location, area, dates, seed source, production mode, irrigation, lifting technology, washing state, grading scheme and reject destinations

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_raw_fresh	product state	Keep the reference product fresh and raw; exclude peeling, curing, drying, slicing, powdering, preservation and extraction.	codex-cxs-218-1999; fao-ginger-postharvest-compendium
boundary_seed	seed rhizomes	Include planted seed mass and preparation treatment for the represented cycle.	aicrps-ginger-package; icar-ccari-ginger
boundary_field	managed production	Include management inputs, field energy, direct emissions, residues and losses.	aicrps-ginger-package; ipcc-2019-managed-soils
boundary_harvest	lifting	Model lifting independently because it creates a collected lot with measurable losses.	aicrps-ginger-package
boundary_conditioning	primary conditioning	Include pre-gate washing only with its input, output, water, energy and effluent.	icar-ccari-ginger; codex-cxs-218-1999
boundary_grading	grading	Enumerate accepted, downgraded and rejected states and every hand-off.	codex-cxs-218-1999
boundary_route_delta	alternatives	Use the rainfed/irrigated, manual/mechanized and washed/unwashed route actually performed for each lot.	aicrps-ginger-package; icar-ccari-ginger
boundary_post_gate	downstream	Exclude post-farm storage, transport, packaging and processing from this reference result.	codex-cxs-218-1999

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
field_production	Seed preparation and managed field production	required	Always	Managed biological production parent with rainfed/irrigated alternative production route delta; crop-cycle indexed	Accepted mass from represented field and cycle
harvest_lifting	Harvest and lifting	required	Always	Independent capture with manual/mechanized alternative technology route delta; harvest-lot indexed	Raw lifted rhizome mass
primary_conditioning	Primary conditioning	conditional	Washing, re-washing or powered soil removal before hand-off	Raw-to-prepared interface; batch indexed	Prepared rhizome mass
sorting_grading	Sorting and grading	required	Always	Accepted, downgraded and rejected states; batch indexed	Incoming prepared mass

Process: Seed preparation and managed field production (field_production)

The managed object is a ginger crop propagated from seed rhizomes in a declared field and crop cycle. Inputs are classified as propagation, nutrient supply, water, crop protection or energy. The hand-off is harvestable in-soil rhizomes; residues and losses remain separate.

Inputs

Product flows

Seed rhizomes for planting (seed_rhizomes)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Ginger seed rhizomes

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Sum planted seed-rhizome mass by source and divide by accepted mass

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_cycle_inputs

• Sources: aicrps-ginger-package; csir-traditional-ginger-2009

• Range: Source-supported seed-rhizome intensity

  • Range role: Typical range (typical_range)
  • Lower: 0.0375
  • Upper: 0.333
  • Unit: kg/kg accepted fresh ginger
  • Basis: 1.5-2.0 t seed/ha divided by reported fresh yields of 6-40 t/ha
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: aicrps-ginger-package; icar-ccari-ginger; csir-traditional-ginger-2009

Fertilizer, urea input (nutrient_supply_products)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, urea is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, urea

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, urea used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_products

Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate input (nutrient_supply_products_monoammonium_phosphate)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_products

Fertilizer, potassium chloride input (nutrient_supply_products_potassium_chloride)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, potassium chloride is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, potassium chloride

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, potassium chloride used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_products

Cattle manure, as applied input (nutrient_supply_products_cattle_manure)

Include this conditional card only when Cattle manure, as applied is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Cattle manure, as applied

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Cattle manure, as applied used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_products

Agricultural limestone input (nutrient_supply_products_agricultural_limestone)

Include this conditional card only when Agricultural limestone is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Agricultural limestone

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Agricultural limestone used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_products

Irrigation water supplied to the field (irrigation_water)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: Meter or calculate supplied irrigation volume; record zero for a rainfed lot

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_irrigation_records

• Sources: aicrps-ginger-package

• Range: Irrigated-route water screen

  • Range role: Typical range (typical_range)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: m3/kg accepted fresh ginger
  • Basis: zero for rainfed; upper screen from 90-100 ha-cm water and 10-15 t/ha yield
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: aicrps-ginger-package

Required crop-protection records: before completing the foreground package, enumerate every actually applied formulated product separately, retaining trade name, active ingredient, salt or chemical form, concentration, density where needed, application quantity, date and treated area. Select one physically specific product identity per exchange. Derive active-substance releases separately by substance and receiving compartment. Missing formulation identity is a completeness gap; do not replace it with a generic pesticide, invented example, or assumed zero.

Electricity, medium voltage input (field_energy)

Include this conditional card only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Diesel fuel input (field_energy_diesel)

Include this conditional card only when Diesel fuel is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Outputs

Product flows

Harvestable in-soil ginger rhizomes (harvestable_rhizomes)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Harvestable in-soil ginger rhizomes

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Estimate or reconcile fresh rhizome mass immediately before lifting

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_yield_reconciliation

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

No fixed numerical screening bound is prescribed for this row. Derive any lot-specific consistency bound from measured incoming quantities, moisture, stocks, losses and uncertainty on the stated basis. Conservation alone supplies no universal yield, water-use or measurement-tolerance interval. Until compatible evidence is available, report quantitative range screening as unavailable; do not clip measurements or substitute an assumed value.

Waste flows

Field residues, diseased plants and unrecovered rhizomes (field_residues_losses)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Field crop residues and biological losses

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measure or sample fresh mass by residue class and destination

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_residue_reject_routes

• Sources:

• Range: Provisional field-residue screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg fresh residue/kg accepted fresh ginger
  • Basis: broad replaceable screen for residue and pre-harvest loss
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Elementary flows

Direct nitrous oxide nitrogen from managed soil (direct_n2o_n)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Nitrous oxide to air; kg molecular N2O, identity unresolved

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg N2O

• Amount rule: Multiply applicable nitrogen input by the selected direct-soil factor

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg nitrogen input.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Nitrogen input (n_input)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_products

• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils

• Range: IPCC aggregated direct-soil factor uncertainty

  • Range role: Uncertainty range (uncertainty_range)
  • Lower: 0.002
  • Upper: 0.018
  • Unit: kg N2O-N/kg N input
  • Basis: applicable synthetic, organic-amendment and crop-residue nitrogen
  • Basis kind: Nitrogen input (n_input)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils

The final exchange is kg N2O. Keep species-specific elemental-N activity and any N-based factor/range in a separate calculation ledger. Convert that species-specific N mass by 44/28 exactly once before normalization; never reconvert compound mass or apply an N-based range directly to compound mass. A total nitrogen-loss pool is not this species without a supported split. Retain the actual receiving compartment and method boundaries; unknown identity or activity is not zero.

Process: Harvest and lifting (harvest_lifting)

This independent node removes rhizomes from the managed field. It hands off a raw lifted lot and separates intended output from soil, tops, roots, damage and unrecovered loss.

Inputs

Product flows

Harvestable rhizomes received from field production (harvest_input_rhizomes)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Harvestable in-soil ginger rhizomes

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Equal the matched field-production hand-off

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Collection protocol: cp_yield_reconciliation

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

No fixed numerical screening bound is prescribed for this row. Derive any lot-specific consistency bound from measured incoming quantities, moisture, stocks, losses and uncertainty on the stated basis. Conservation alone supplies no universal yield, water-use or measurement-tolerance interval. Until compatible evidence is available, report quantitative range screening as unavailable; do not clip measurements or substitute an assumed value.

Electricity, medium voltage input (harvest_energy)

Include this conditional card only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg raw lifted rhizomes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Diesel fuel input (harvest_energy_diesel)

Include this conditional card only when Diesel fuel is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg raw lifted rhizomes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Outputs

Product flows

Raw lifted ginger rhizomes (raw_lifted_rhizomes)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Raw lifted fresh ginger rhizomes

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weigh the collected lot before conditioning or grading

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lots

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

No fixed numerical screening bound is prescribed for this row. Derive any lot-specific consistency bound from measured incoming quantities, moisture, stocks, losses and uncertainty on the stated basis. Conservation alone supplies no universal yield, water-use or measurement-tolerance interval. Until compatible evidence is available, report quantitative range screening as unavailable; do not clip measurements or substitute an assumed value.

Waste flows

Harvest residues and lifting losses (harvest_residues_losses)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Roots, tops, damaged rhizomes and unrecovered harvest losses

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measure or sample each residue class and record destination

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_residue_reject_routes

• Sources:

• Range: Provisional harvest-loss screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.3
  • Unit: kg/kg accepted fresh ginger
  • Basis: broad replaceable screen for roots, tops, damaged and unrecovered rhizomes
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Process: Primary conditioning (primary_conditioning)

The raw state is freshly lifted rhizomes bearing roots or soil. The prepared state is unpeeled fresh rhizome with loose soil removed, optionally washed and surface-drained. Unwashed lots carry zero washing input.

Inputs

Product flows

Raw lifted rhizomes received for conditioning (conditioning_input_rhizomes)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Raw lifted fresh ginger rhizomes

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Equal the matched harvest output for the same lot

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lots

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

No fixed numerical screening bound is prescribed for this row. Derive any lot-specific consistency bound from measured incoming quantities, moisture, stocks, losses and uncertainty on the stated basis. Conservation alone supplies no universal yield, water-use or measurement-tolerance interval. Until compatible evidence is available, report quantitative range screening as unavailable; do not clip measurements or substitute an assumed value.

Washing water supplied (washing_water)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Process water for ginger washing

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: Meter washing and re-washing water; zero for an unwashed route

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg prepared fresh rhizomes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_batch

• Sources: icar-ccari-ginger

• Range: Provisional wash-water screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.05
  • Unit: m3/kg prepared fresh rhizomes
  • Basis: zero for unwashed lots; broad replaceable screen for washing
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Electricity, medium voltage input (conditioning_energy)

Include this conditional card only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg prepared fresh rhizomes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Diesel fuel input (conditioning_energy_diesel)

Include this conditional card only when Diesel fuel is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg prepared fresh rhizomes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared fresh rhizomes for grading (prepared_rhizomes)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Unpeeled fresh ginger rhizomes, loose soil removed

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weigh after soil removal and after surface draining when washed

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_batch

• Sources: codex-cxs-218-1999; mass-balance-identity

No fixed numerical screening bound is prescribed for this row. Derive any lot-specific consistency bound from measured incoming quantities, moisture, stocks, losses and uncertainty on the stated basis. Conservation alone supplies no universal yield, water-use or measurement-tolerance interval. Until compatible evidence is available, report quantitative range screening as unavailable; do not clip measurements or substitute an assumed value.

Waste flows

Washing effluent and separated soil (conditioning_effluent)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Ginger washing effluent with separated soil

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: Measure effluent; retain separated-solids mass and destination as batch attributes

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg prepared fresh rhizomes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_batch

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

No fixed numerical screening bound is prescribed for this row. Derive any lot-specific consistency bound from measured incoming quantities, moisture, stocks, losses and uncertainty on the stated basis. Conservation alone supplies no universal yield, water-use or measurement-tolerance interval. Until compatible evidence is available, report quantitative range screening as unavailable; do not clip measurements or substitute an assumed value.

Process: Sorting and grading (sorting_grading)

Prepared rhizomes are classified into accepted, downgraded marketable and rejected states. Each state has a destination. Dirty but otherwise acceptable material may return once to an identified conditioning batch without duplicate counting.

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared rhizomes received for grading (grading_input_rhizomes)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Prepared fresh ginger rhizomes

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Equal the matched prepared output, or raw lifted output for a documented unconditioned route

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Collection protocol: cp_grading_batch

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

No fixed numerical screening bound is prescribed for this row. Derive any lot-specific consistency bound from measured incoming quantities, moisture, stocks, losses and uncertainty on the stated basis. Conservation alone supplies no universal yield, water-use or measurement-tolerance interval. Until compatible evidence is available, report quantitative range screening as unavailable; do not clip measurements or substitute an assumed value.

Electricity, medium voltage input (grading_energy)

Include this conditional card only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg grading input.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Diesel fuel input (grading_energy_diesel)

Include this conditional card only when Diesel fuel is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg grading input.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted fresh raw ginger at farm gate (accepted_fresh_ginger)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Ginger, raw e30e5bf0-243f-4388-a2a0-8fdee391b4a9

• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg Raw output measurement and reconciliation: Exactly 1 kg accepted reference product

• Amount rule: 1 kg

• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)

• Specificity: Generic (generic) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Sources: mass-balance-identity

• Range: Exact reference output

  • Range role: Allowed range (allowed_range)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg accepted fresh ginger
  • Basis: exact reference-flow identity
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: mass-balance-identity

Downgraded marketable fresh ginger (downgraded_fresh_ginger)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Downgraded marketable fresh ginger

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weigh each downgraded grade and destination; exclude it from accepted mass

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_grading_batch

• Sources: codex-cxs-218-1999

• Range: Provisional downgraded-output screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.25
  • Unit: kg/kg accepted fresh ginger
  • Basis: broad replaceable screen; actual grade mass governs
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

Waste flows

Rejected ginger and grading residues (grading_rejects)

Record this flow at the stated process boundary and reconcile it to the linked cycle or batch and destination.

• Selected flow: Rejected ginger and grading residues

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weigh each rejected state and final route; a re-wash return is excluded until final disposition

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_residue_reject_routes

• Sources: codex-cxs-218-1999

• Range: Provisional grading-reject screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.25
  • Unit: kg/kg accepted fresh ginger
  • Basis: broad replaceable screen after any declared re-wash
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)
  • Sources:

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid	foreground system	Prefer subdivision and direct measurement by field, crop cycle, harvest lot and handling batch.	mass-balance-identity
allocation_cycle	field inputs	Attribute all inputs to the represented crop cycle before normalization; allocate shared records by measured area-time or another causal driver.	mass-balance-identity
allocation_run	runs and changeovers	Link inputs, outputs, cleaning and changeover to one run or period; allocate each shared event once and prevent duplicate downstream charging.	mass-balance-identity
allocation_routes	alternatives	Apply route deltas only to lots using them; do not combine mutually exclusive route burdens.	mass-balance-identity
allocation_downgrade	downgraded product	Keep marketable downgrade as a separate product; after subdivision, declare physical or economic allocation and sensitivity.	mass-balance-identity
allocation_reject	rejects and rework	Re-washed material retains prior burdens and gains only incremental burdens; accepted output excludes unresolved rejects and final treatment follows the declared route.	mass-balance-identity

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_residual_precedence	remaining common burden with no specified primary branch	Resolve any study-specific joint-product instruction in this PCR that has no specified primary branch using this precedence; retain an already explicitly prescribed category-specific primary method. First directly assign separable output-specific activities. For the remaining common burden B, use a physical driver d_i only when measured operation or biological-service records demonstrate the causal consumption represented by that driver. A product being weighable, valuable or lower grade alone is insufficient; do not switch arbitrarily between area, time, mass and revenue. For comparable grades receiving the same common handling, measured processed mass is applicable only with the same service demand, state and moisture basis demonstrated. Share a_i=d_i/sum(d_j); B_i=Ba_i. If no defensible causal physical driver exists for that common operation, use gate- and period-matched economic shares a_i=(q_ip_i)/sum(q_j*p_j), with the complete independently intended output set, compatible quantity/price units, currency, representative prices and values before output-specific downstream processing. Missing price or denominator evidence makes the allocated result incomplete, not a zero-priced product or a single-output system. Report shares summing to one and sensitivity to a material alternative; an alternative is not an interchangeable primary result. Waste, retained residues and internal transfers receive no co-product share, while their attributable production/handling burdens remain with the producing saleable route. Retain unallocated physical quantities and mass balances separately. This branch gives no automatic substitution credit; any separately scoped substitution analysis retains the gross inventory and its actual displaced-function evidence.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Inventory completeness: conditional named cards are examples of individual exchanges, not an exhaustive recipe or a requirement to use those products. Before completing a foreground package, enumerate every actual planting stock, nutrient, crop-protection formulation, asset material, operating service, carrier, packaging material, waste stream and applicable elementary substance separately, using its physical identity, state, native property/unit, origin or receiving compartment, and measured or method-calculated quantity. Missing identity or quantity remains a completeness gap, never an assumed zero. Preserve the actual lot and phase basis; do not sum intermediate transfers as additional final output or duplicate burdens included in purchased services.

Retain raw site, lot, cycle and stage quantities and denominators in each collection protocol. Reconcile stocks, losses, moisture and co-product attribution first, then normalize: normalized exchange = attributable raw exchange × declared reference quantity / accepted hand-off product quantity on the same boundary and measurement basis. Apply perennial-establishment and shared-operation attribution before this normalization. Never set an internal-transfer quantity equal to the final reference quantity. Per declared reference flow means the amount, unit and product state in section 3; the data package must declare its actual route and gate.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_field_cycle_inputs	field_production	seed and crop protection	invoices, stock and field logs	cycle, field, product, seed source, formulation, quantity, date, area	Reconcile purchases, stock and applications; Raw aggregation and attribution: Sum by actual product and cycle	original unit and kg	each event	complete crop cycle	each field	per declared reference flow	invoice, scale and stock reconciliation
cp_nutrient_products	field_production	all nutrient products	invoice, composition and application log	product, mass, composition, dry matter, date, area	Collect each actual product separately; Raw aggregation and attribution: Sum products once; calculate nutrients from composition	kg product and nutrient	each application	complete cycle	each field	per declared reference flow	invoice, label/analysis and log
cp_irrigation_records	field_production	irrigation	meter or discharge-time log	event, meter, rate, duration, source, area	Meter or rate × time; Raw aggregation and attribution: Sum events; rainfed explicitly zero	m3	each event	complete cycle	each irrigated field	per declared reference flow	calibration or discharge test
cp_energy_records	all processes	energy	invoice, meter or equipment log	process, cycle/batch, carrier, quantity, unit, factor, runtime	Record carrier-specific use; Raw aggregation and attribution: Convert and allocate shared use once	original unit, kWh, MJ	each event/batch	complete period	each site	per declared reference flow	invoice, meter and conversion source
cp_yield_reconciliation	field_production	yield hand-off	sampling and mass ledger	field, cycle, lot, sample area/mass, estimated mass, outputs/losses	Stratified sampling plus reconciliation; Raw aggregation and attribution: Scale samples and reconcile downstream	kg and ha	each lot	harvest period	each field	per declared reference flow	design, scale checks, ledger
cp_harvest_lots	harvest_lifting	lifted rhizomes	weigh ticket and lot log	cycle, lot, method, gross, tare, net, time	Calibrated lot weighing; Raw aggregation and attribution: Sum linked net lots	kg	each lot	complete harvest	each field	per declared reference flow	ticket and calibration
cp_conditioning_batch	primary_conditioning	washing and prepared output	batch, meter and weight records	batch, input lots, washing/rewash, water, energy, output, effluent, solids	Meter and weigh each batch; Raw aggregation and attribution: Reconcile all states by batch	kg, m3, MJ	each batch	complete conditioning	each site	per declared reference flow	calibration and batch sheet
cp_grading_batch	sorting_grading	grade outputs	grading sheet and weights	batch, input, scheme, accepted, downgrade, reject, destination	Weigh each state; Raw aggregation and attribution: Reconcile mutually exclusive states	kg	each batch	complete grading	each site	per declared reference flow	calibration and grade specification
cp_residue_reject_routes	all processes	residues, losses, rejects and rework	route and weigh/sample record	process, cycle/batch, state, mass, method, destination, rework link	Weigh or representative sample; Raw aggregation and attribution: Sum by state and final destination	kg	each event/batch	complete system	each field/site	per declared reference flow	ticket/sample and destination evidence

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	crop-cycle flows	amount / accepted mass from same cycle	collected amount; accepted mass	amount/kg accepted ginger	mass-balance-identity
calc_product_nutrients	nutrients	product mass × documented nutrient fraction; retain product exchange	mass; composition	nutrient mass	mass-balance-identity
calc_irrigation	irrigation	meter difference or discharge × runtime	meter/rate; time	m3	mass-balance-identity
calc_energy	energy	carrier quantity × documented conversion	carrier and factor	MJ by carrier	mass-balance-identity
calc_direct_n2o	field N2O	applicable N × selected EF1; use 44/28 only to convert N2O-N to N2O	N; EF1	kg N2O-N and optional N2O	ipcc-2019-managed-soils
calc_mass_reconciliation	each node	input = products + wastes + stock change + documented soil/water/moisture difference	all linked states	residual	mass-balance-identity
calc_shared_run	shared equipment	allocate once by throughput or runtime	shared input; driver	attributed input	mass-balance-identity
calc_downgrade_allocation	downgrade	apply declared allocation after subdivision and report sensitivity	masses and values	allocated burdens	mass-balance-identity
chemical_species_mass_accounting	elementary_nutrient_emissions	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	cp_nutrient_products; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	reference product	Preserve verified UUID and qualifiers.	metadata and flow comment
dq_temporal	cycle	Cover planting through linked farm-gate batches.	dated logs
dq_completeness	inventory	Reconcile stock, applications, all products, residues and losses.	ledger
dq_seed	seed	Distinguish purchased and retained seed and upstream coverage.	source and planting records
dq_nutrients	nutrients	Retain actual products and composition without duplicate exchanges.	labels, analyses, invoices
dq_routes	alternatives	Record actual route per lot; weighted primary data are required for mixes.	route fields
dq_instruments	measurements	Calibrate instruments or document method and uncertainty.	certificates/method
dq_emissions	emissions	State factor tier, climate, N basis, sources and conversion.	workbook and citation
dq_rejects	rejects	Every reject has one rework/downgrade/recovery/treatment/disposal link and final state.	route and destination records
dq_ranges	QA	Investigate outliers; ranges do not replace records and reasoned ranges are provisional.	variance note

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference	reference flow	Require exactly 1 kg accepted fresh raw ginger with specified identities and qualifiers.	mass-balance-identity
validate_raw_state	scope	Fail if accepted output is peeled, cured, dried, sliced, powdered, preserved or extracted.	codex-cxs-218-1999; fao-ginger-postharvest-compendium
validate_parent_delta	routes	Require the field parent and changed inventory categories for irrigation, lifting and washing alternatives.	aicrps-ginger-package; icar-ccari-ginger
validate_route_exclusion	alternatives	Require one actual route per lot and prevent mutually exclusive burden double counting.	mass-balance-identity
validate_nutrient_card	field	Require one separate Product-input card for each actual fertilizer or amendment; preserve measured product mass and composition, and reject a generic nutrient-supply exchange.	mass-balance-identity
validate_process_links	graph	Require cycle, harvest-lot, conditioning-batch and grading-batch links and matching hand-offs.	mass-balance-identity
validate_batch_attribution	runs	Index inputs, outputs, cleaning and changeover to a run/period and prevent duplicate shared burdens.	mass-balance-identity
validate_washing	conditioning	Washed lots require water, prepared mass and effluent; unwashed lots require zero washing inputs and declared dry handling.	icar-ccari-ginger; mass-balance-identity
validate_grades	grading	Require accepted plus downgraded or rejected state, and a hand-off for each state.	codex-cxs-218-1999
validate_rework	rework	Identify producing and receiving nodes for each return; exclude unresolved rejects from accepted output.	mass-balance-identity
validate_mass_balance	each node	Explain residuals including soil, surface water, moisture and losses.	mass-balance-identity
validate_ranges	flow cards with ranges	For each supplied Range, verify complete bounds, basis and EN/ZH/structured alignment; flag missing important-flow ranges as candidate evidence gaps. Investigate outliers without replacing measured values.	mass-balance-identity

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground production dataset for accepted fresh raw ginger at farm gate
downstream_use	Secondary or background dataset for systems requiring fresh raw ginger
allowed_use	Compatible geography, cultivar, cycle, route, technology, washing state, grade and hand-off
excluded_use	Seed ginger; dried, cured, powdered, preserved or extracted ginger; post-farm storage, packaging or transport
required_metadata	UUID, geography, cultivar, area, dates, seed source, routes, yield, actual nutrient and protection products, water, energy, grades, rejects and data year
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data share, estimation, outliers, instrument quality, upstream gaps, emission method, allocation and residuals
update_trigger	Material change in cultivar, geography, yield, seed, nutrients, irrigation, mechanization, washing, grading, reject route, emission method or evidence

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
aicrps-ginger-package	extension_guidance	AICRPS, Package of Practices – Ginger, https://aicrps.res.in/Extension%20Pamphlets/Ginger/English/Package%20of%20practices%20Ginger.pdf	seed, nutrients, mulch, irrigation, harvest, yield and route
icar-ccari-ginger	official_guidance	ICAR-CCARI, Crop: Ginger, https://ccari.res.in/dss/ginger.html	seed, production, nutrients, washing, harvest age and fresh yield
csir-traditional-ginger-2009	literature	Rahman et al. (2009), Traditional practices of ginger cultivation in Northeast India, http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/2969	seed and green yield range; route diversity
codex-cxs-218-1999	standard	Codex CXS 218-1999, Standard for Ginger, https://workspace.fao.org/sites/codex/Standards/CXS%20218-1999/CXS_218e.pdf	fresh identity, condition, cleaning, washing and grades
fao-ginger-postharvest-compendium	handbook	FAO INPhO, Ginger: Post-harvest Operations, https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/inpho/docs/Post_Harvest_Compendium_-_Ginger.pdf	separating fresh handling from downstream processing
ipcc-2019-managed-soils	method_factor	IPCC 2019 Refinement, Vol. 4 Ch. 11 Table 11.1, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch11_Soils_N2O_CO2.pdf	direct N2O method and EF1 uncertainty
mass-balance-identity	method_factor	Conservation-of-mass identity for linked foreground records	hand-offs, reconciliation, reference output and routing
ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011	standard	WRI/WBCSD, Product Life Cycle Accounting and Reporting Standard (2011), Chapter 9, https://ghgprotocol.org/sites/default/files/standards/Product-Life-Cycle-Accounting-Reporting-Standard_041613.pdf	General allocation hierarchy and comparable-gate economic basis. Applicability conditions and the explicit residual branch are this PCR's method convention; no product-specific causal coefficient, price or output quantity is prescribed by this source.