Beans, dry

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers production of mature dry edible bean grain at a declared farm gate. The producer shall identify the botanical species and market class because the category may include several dry edible bean species and commercial classes with different crop management and quality requirements.

The foreground boundary begins with seed and other purchased inputs entering managed field production. It includes crop establishment and management, mature harvest, any field pre-drying, threshing or shelling, cleaning, grading, and drying required to reach the declared farm-gate moisture and grade. Manual and mechanized harvest routes, rainfed and irrigated production, and field-dried and equipment-dried conditioning may coexist within a representative production mix only when their activity data are separately collected and weighted.

Green beans harvested as vegetables, soybean, dry broad or horse beans, dry chickpeas, dry lentils, dry peas, cowpeas, Bambara beans, pigeon peas, and other separately classified pulses are excluded. Planting-seed production as a certified or marketed seed product is excluded, although seed retained from the harvested crop shall be disclosed as an internal or co-product route. Milling, splitting, cooking, canning, retail packing, off-farm storage, and transport beyond the declared farm gate are excluded.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.beans-dry
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 01701, Beans, dry; mapping relation: narrower
covered_products	Mature, dry, edible bean grain sold as an unprocessed farm-gate commodity, with species and market class declared
excluded_products	Green beans; soybean; broad and horse beans; chickpeas; lentils; peas; cowpeas; Bambara beans; pigeon peas; other separately classified pulses; certified planting seed; milled, cooked, canned, or retail-packed beans
representative_product	Cleaned and graded mature dry edible bean grain
production_route	Managed field production followed by mature harvest, threshing or shelling, cleaning, grading, and conditional drying
market_state	Harvested grain, unprocessed; production mix, at farm gate

The managed-biological-production parent is field cultivation of the declared dry edible bean crop. Rainfed versus irrigated management is an alternative production-route delta because it changes the water inventory and potentially yield records; both may coexist in a production mix only as separately measured strata. Manual or pulled-plant harvest versus direct mechanical harvest is an alternative harvest-technology delta because it changes field pre-drying, equipment energy, shattering, and breakage records. Natural or field drying and equipment drying may coexist, but they are mutually exclusive for the same moisture-removal interval and lot.

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Cleaned, graded, mature dry edible bean grain delivered at the declared farm gate
How much	1,000 kg net mass
How well	Declared species and market class; declared moisture on wet basis; declared grade or buyer specification; free of separately accounted rejects and residue
How long or cycle	One crop cycle with single-period treatment; attribution across crop cycles is not applied. Observations from more than one crop year may be averaged only after each crop-year record remains traceable.
reference_flow_link	reference_product_at_declared_handoff

Field	Value
Reference amount	1000
Reference product flow	Beans, dry
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	botanical species; market class; intended commodity or retained-seed route; geography; crop year; rainfed or irrigated regime; harvest technology; drying route; moisture content and wet-basis statement; grade or buyer specification; farm-gate hand-off

Each foreground dataset must explicitly select one actual route, declared gate, product state and output row. Reconcile the selected terminal route with reference_product_at_declared_handoff; normalize that handoff output to the reference quantity and retain preceding-stage outputs as measured transfers. Raw weighing, mass reconciliation and lot traceability requirements continue to apply.

The sole reference output is reference_product_at_declared_handoff, receiving the selected actual route product at the declared gate. Existing route-output ids identify the source and physical state; they are no longer individually fixed to the reference quantity.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference dry bean product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Report net accepted grain mass at the declared moisture basis; exclude packaging, foreign material removed before hand-off, and separately routed rejects.
moisture_basis	every grain-state mass	Mass and moisture content	kg and % wet basis	Record measured moisture with each relevant lot mass. A dry-matter conversion shall use dry matter = wet mass × (1 − moisture fraction), and conversion to a declared target moisture shall conserve dry matter.
nutrient_products	mineral fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and nutrient-bearing amendment inputs	Product mass or volume and nutrient composition	kg or m3 product; kg N; kg P or P2O5; kg K or K2O	Record each actual product once and retain its composition and nutrient convention; do not add nutrient-equivalent exchanges to the same product mass.
energy_records	fuels and purchased energy	Carrier-specific energy or volume	MJ, kWh, L, or kg	Preserve carrier identity and measurement unit, convert only with a declared factor, and assign energy to the lot, run, field, or reporting period in which it was used.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	seed and purchased inputs entering the declared managed field-production cycle
starting_condition_role	foreground production starting condition
product_classification_scope	mature dry edible beans in CPC 3.0 01701 only
recursive_input_rule	Beans from the same category used as sowing seed are recorded as a same-category product input with mass, species, market class, source, treatment, and retained-seed or purchased route; do not recurse into the current output dataset.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link purchased seed, fertilizers, amendments, crop-protection products, energy carriers, water supply where relevant, and other purchased inputs to compatible upstream datasets; retained seed remains an explicitly measured internal or co-product flow.
disclosure	Declare species, market class, geography, crop year, production regime, seed route, harvest technology, pre-drying, threshing, cleaning and grading arrangement, drying route, moisture basis, grade, co-product destinations, loss routes, and farm-gate hand-off.

The field-production node hands off a mature standing crop to an independent harvest node. Harvest is independent because it removes the biological output from the field and has distinct energy, shattering, residue, and hand-off records. Harvest hands off uncleaned grain to primary conditioning. Cleaning and grading classify the incoming grain into accepted, downgraded, retained-seed, and rejected states. Drying is a separate preservation node only when a bounded intervention removes moisture after harvest; its usable input state, target moisture, energy, water removal, loss, and lot hand-off shall be recorded.

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_field_to_gate	foreground system	Include managed field production, mature harvest, necessary field pre-drying, threshing or shelling, cleaning, grading, and farm-gate drying needed for the declared reference-product state.	fao-bean-postharvest-compendium; fao-postharvest-system
boundary_route_condition	conditional operations	Include irrigation, mechanical drying, and other conditional operations only for lots or reporting strata in which they occur; zero activity is recorded when the route is inactive.
boundary_downstream_exclusion	downstream activities	Exclude milling, splitting, cooking, canning, retail packing, off-farm storage, and transport after the farm-gate hand-off.	usda-dry-edible-beans-2021
boundary_state_separation	output states	Keep accepted beans, downgraded or damaged beans, retained seed, valuable straw or pod residues, discarded screenings, field shattering, and other losses as distinct states with explicit hand-offs.	fao-bean-postharvest-compendium
boundary_route_delta	alternative routes	Stratify rainfed and irrigated production, manual and mechanical harvest, and natural and equipment drying when they change topology, inventory categories, calculation, or validation; do not apply two routes to the same activity interval.

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
field_production	Managed field production	required		managed biological production with declared alternative production-route deltas	cultivated area and one crop cycle
mature_harvest	Mature harvest and threshing	required		harvest and capture with declared alternative technology-route deltas	total mature crop removed from the field
cleaning_grading	Cleaning and grading	required		primary conditioning and grading	total uncleaned grain received
farm_gate_drying	Farm-gate drying	conditional	included when accepted grain requires a bounded moisture-removal intervention before hand-off	preservation and stabilization	wet grain entering the drying run
declared_reference_handoff	Product Measurement at Declared Handoff	required		foreground	reference_product_at_declared_handoff

Production is seasonal batch or campaign production. Each field, harvest event, conditioning lot, dryer run, cleaning event, and crop year shall retain an identifier. Inputs, outputs, cleaning, and changeover burdens shall be linked to those identifiers or to a documented allocation over the reporting period.

Process: Managed field production (field_production)

Inputs

Product flows

Bean seed sown for commodity production (bean_seed_input)

Record purchased or retained bean seed that crosses into the crop cycle, with species, market class, treatment, germination information when available, and source route.

• Selected flow: Beans, dry b297a6cf-1d2e-4d88-a99a-02807441a4db

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured seed mass assigned to the cultivated field and crop cycle.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output at the declared moisture.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

• Range: Provisional seed-input screening range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 5
  • Upper: 200
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Fertilizer, urea input (agricultural_nutrient_inputs)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, urea is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, urea

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, urea used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate input (agricultural_nutrient_inputs_monoammonium_phosphate)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Fertilizer, potassium chloride input (agricultural_nutrient_inputs_potassium_chloride)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, potassium chloride is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, potassium chloride

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, potassium chloride used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Cattle manure, as applied input (agricultural_nutrient_inputs_cattle_manure)

Include this conditional card only when Cattle manure, as applied is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Cattle manure, as applied

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Cattle manure, as applied used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Agricultural limestone input (agricultural_nutrient_inputs_agricultural_limestone)

Include this conditional card only when Agricultural limestone is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Agricultural limestone

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Agricultural limestone used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs

Required crop-protection records: before completing the foreground package, enumerate every actually applied formulated product separately, retaining trade name, active ingredient, salt or chemical form, concentration, density where needed, application quantity, date and treated area. Select one physically specific product identity per exchange. Derive active-substance releases separately by substance and receiving compartment. Missing formulation identity is a completeness gap; do not replace it with a generic pesticide, invented example, or assumed zero.

Required treatment-material records: enumerate each actually used field-treatment product or retting aid by concrete composition, product identity, quantity and application event before the package is complete; do not publish a generic treatment-material exchange or assume zero when identity is missing.

Irrigation water supplied to the field (irrigation_water)

Include only for irrigated production. Record water delivered to the field or plot, and keep the rainfed route at zero.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: Metered volume or calculated volume from calibrated flow rate and operating time.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_irrigation_water

• Range: Provisional irrigation-water screening range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 10000
  • Unit: m3
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output; zero when rainfed
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Electricity, medium voltage input (field_energy)

Include this one exchange only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier, water source or material in a separate atomic row with its own verified or explicitly unresolved identity.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and declared period; record not applicable only when the actual route excludes it.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Diesel fuel input (field_energy_diesel)

Include this one exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier, water source or material in a separate atomic row with its own verified or explicitly unresolved identity.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and declared period; record not applicable only when the actual route excludes it.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Mature standing bean crop handed to harvest (mature_standing_crop)

Record the mature crop made available to harvest as an intermediate product state. The crop remains linked to its field, species, market class, and crop cycle.

• Selected flow: Mature standing dry bean crop

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Calculated harvested products plus measured or estimated harvest residues and field losses on a consistent moisture basis.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_mass_reconciliation

• Range: Provisional mature-crop mass screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 8000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: grain, attached pods and stalk material made available to harvest per 1,000 kg accepted grain
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Direct nitrous oxide emission from managed soil (direct_soil_n2o)

Calculate direct N2O using the declared inventory method from measured nitrogen inputs and crop-residue treatment; retain the emitted species and air compartment.

• Selected flow: Dinitrogen monoxide, to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg N2O

• Amount rule: Calculated from collected nitrogen inputs and applicable emission factors; distinguish N2O-N and N2O.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_emission_drivers

• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils

• Range: Provisional direct-soil N2O screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg N2O
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Ammonia emitted from field nitrogen management (field_ammonia)

Include when the selected inventory method reports volatilized ammonia. Retain the substance, receiving compartment, and distinction between NH3-N and NH3.

• Selected flow: Ammonia, to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NH3

• Amount rule: Calculated from actual nitrogen products, application events, and the declared factor method.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_emission_drivers

• Range: Provisional ammonia-emission screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 100
  • Unit: kg NH3
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Nitrate transferred from the field to water (field_nitrate)

Include nitrate leaching or runoff only when supported by the declared inventory method, retaining the receiving water compartment.

• Selected flow: Nitrate, to water

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NO3-

• Amount rule: Calculated from measured nitrogen inputs, site conditions, and the declared leaching or runoff method.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_emission_drivers

• Range: Provisional nitrate-loss screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 500
  • Unit: kg NO3-
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process: Mature harvest and threshing (mature_harvest)

Inputs

Product flows

Mature standing crop received from the field (harvest_crop_input)

Record the intermediate crop state transferred from field production without creating an upstream duplicate.

• Selected flow: Mature standing dry bean crop

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Same lot mass and moisture basis as the field-production hand-off.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_mass_reconciliation

• Range: Provisional incoming mature-crop mass screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 8000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: crop received by harvest per 1,000 kg accepted grain
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Electricity, medium voltage (harvest_energy)

Include this exchange only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Measured Electricity, medium voltage supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Diesel fuel (harvest_energy_diesel)

Include this exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured Diesel fuel supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Uncleaned dry bean grain (uncleaned_bean_grain)

Record threshed or shelled grain, including material later removed by cleaning and grading, at measured moisture.

• Selected flow: Uncleaned dry bean grain

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured mass handed to cleaning and grading.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_quality

• Range: Provisional uncleaned-grain mass screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 1600
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Valuable bean straw and pod residues (valuable_straw_pod_residue)

Record straw, vines, and pod material as a product output only when deliberately collected and handed off for a beneficial use or sale; otherwise keep it in the field-residue or waste route.

• Selected flow: Bean straw and pod residues for beneficial use

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured or calculated dry-matter mass leaving the harvest node as a valuable output.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_co_products_losses

• Range: Provisional valuable-residue screening range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 5000
  • Unit: kg dry matter
  • Basis: collected valuable residue per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Shattered and unrecovered bean grain (harvest_shattering_loss)

Record mature bean grain lost during pulling, cutting, windrowing, pickup, combining, threshing, or shelling and not recovered as product.

• Selected flow: Unrecovered dry bean grain

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured loss study or reconciled difference after accounting for collected grain and residues.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_co_products_losses

• Range: Provisional harvest-loss screening range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 300
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: unrecovered grain per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Cleaning and grading (cleaning_grading)

Inputs

Product flows

Uncleaned grain received for conditioning (conditioning_grain_input)

Keep lot identity, species, market class, moisture, and harvest origin through cleaning and grading.

• Selected flow: Uncleaned dry bean grain

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Same mass and moisture basis as the harvest hand-off.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_quality

• Range: Provisional incoming-conditioning mass screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 1600
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Electricity, medium voltage (conditioning_energy)

Include this exchange only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Measured Electricity, medium voltage supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Diesel fuel (conditioning_energy_diesel)

Include this exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured Diesel fuel supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_energy_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted cleaned and graded beans (accepted_graded_beans)

Record beans meeting the declared grade or buyer specification. If no equipment drying follows, this is the reference-product hand-off.

• Selected flow: Beans, dry b297a6cf-1d2e-4d88-a99a-02807441a4db

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg Raw output measurement and reconciliation: Measured net accepted mass at measured moisture.

• Amount rule: measured net transfer mass, retaining lot, actual product state and moisture basis; reconcile to the final reference output at the declared handoff

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_lot_mass_quality

• Range: Reference-output reconciliation range

  • Range role: Allowed range (allowed_range)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: net accepted reference product after the final included node
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: mass-balance-identity

Downgraded or damaged bean grain (downgraded_bean_grain)

Record broken, discolored, insect-damaged, mixed-class, or otherwise off-spec grain as a separate product only when it has a declared buyer or beneficial destination. It shall not be counted in accepted output.

• Selected flow: Downgraded dry bean grain

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured mass by declared downgrade class and destination.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_co_products_losses

• Range: Provisional downgraded-grain screening range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 500
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: downgraded grain per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Bean grain retained or sold for sowing (retained_seed_output)

Record grain diverted from the commodity lot for future sowing or sale as seed. Declare whether it is an internal flow or a valuable co-product and do not count it as accepted food-grade output.

• Selected flow: Dry bean grain for sowing

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured mass at diversion with species, class, treatment, and destination.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_co_products_losses

• Range: Provisional retained-seed screening range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 300
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: retained or sold seed per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Cleaning screenings and discarded rejects (cleaning_rejects)

Record stones, soil, foreign matter, unusable pods, severely damaged beans, and other discarded screening fractions by destination. Material sent to a beneficial use shall be reclassified as a product output.

• Selected flow: Cleaning screenings and discarded rejects

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured reject mass by grade state and destination.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_co_products_losses

• Range: Provisional cleaning-reject screening range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 500
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: discarded rejects per 1,000 kg accepted dry bean output
  • Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Farm-gate drying (farm_gate_drying)

Inputs

Product flows

Wet cleaned beans entering drying (wet_beans_to_drying)

Include only when a bounded equipment-drying or controlled drying intervention is needed. Record incoming mass and moisture by dryer run.

• Selected flow: Wet cleaned dry bean grain

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured incoming lot mass at measured wet-basis moisture.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_drying_run

• Range: Provisional wet-grain input screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 1400
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output when drying is active
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Electricity, medium voltage (drying_energy)

Include this exchange only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Measured Electricity, medium voltage supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: process_output
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_drying_run

Diesel fuel (drying_energy_diesel)

Include this exchange only when Diesel fuel is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured Diesel fuel supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: process_output
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_drying_run

Purchased steam (drying_energy_steam)

Include this exchange only when Purchased steam is actually supplied to this process. Record every other actual carrier separately. For purchased operating services, retain the supplier boundary and do not also count fuel or electricity already included in that service. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output.

• Selected flow: Purchased steam
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Measured Purchased steam supplied to this process and period, normalized once to the declared reference output; convert carrier-native units only with documented density, calorific value or meter conventions where needed.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: process_output
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_drying_run

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Dried accepted bean grain at farm gate (dried_reference_beans)

Record the stabilized output at declared moisture and grade. Preserve lot identity and link it to the incoming wet grain and drying run.

• Selected flow: Beans, dry b297a6cf-1d2e-4d88-a99a-02807441a4db

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg Raw output measurement and reconciliation: Measured net dry bean mass after stabilization and before farm-gate hand-off.

• Amount rule: measured net transfer mass, retaining lot, actual product state and moisture basis; reconcile to the final reference output at the declared handoff

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_drying_run

• Range: Drying-node reference-output range

  • Range role: Allowed range (allowed_range)
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: net accepted output of the drying node
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: mass-balance-identity

Waste flows

Beans rejected or lost during drying (drying_rejects)

Record heat-damaged, mould-affected, spilled, or otherwise rejected beans separately by destination. Recoverable downgraded product shall be reclassified as a product output.

• Selected flow: Drying rejects and losses

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured reject mass plus reconciled dry-matter loss, excluding water removed.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_drying_run

• Range: Provisional drying-reject screening range

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 200
  • Unit: kg dry matter
  • Basis: reject dry matter per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output when drying is active
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Water removed from beans during drying (drying_water_removed)

Calculate water removed by wet-basis moisture balance; do not treat it as bean dry-matter loss.

• Selected flow: Water, to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Determine supported evaporation on a closed water-mass control volume: incoming material water + actual added water + opening water stock - water in all accepted/co-product/reject/residue exits - separate liquid discharge/exports - closing water stock. Use measured wet mass times wet-basis moisture for each material stream, and compatible density for liquid volumes. Internal recirculation cancels. Retain actual rain/rewetting where relevant; total fresh/dry mass difference is not all water. Independently support all terms and the evaporation pathway; investigate an unexplained or negative balance rather than force it into a vapour release or clip it to zero. Keep water quantities distinct from dry-solids loss and other volatiles. Attribute and normalize the evidenced water release once using the original matched final reference.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_drying_run

• Sources: fao-grain-drying

• Range: Provisional drying-water removal screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 400
  • Unit: kg water
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg dried accepted bean output when drying is active
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Process: Product Measurement at the Declared Handoff (declared_reference_handoff)

This node records the actual product handoff at the existing system boundary for reconciliation and reference-quantity normalization. It adds no physical processing and does not presume drying, cooling, storage, packaging or transport. Each data package declares one actual route, one terminal product state, moisture or dry-matter basis, and gate. Feed only the accepted product delivered by that route at that gate into this node; do not add other routes as extra inputs. Record co-products separately and apply Section 7. Count preceding inputs, losses and emissions once. Normalize using the measured accepted net mass at the handoff; this measurement node changes neither mass, yield nor allocation.

Inputs

Product flows

Actual route product at handoff (actual_route_product_for_handoff)

Record the accepted product delivered by the actual terminal route and reconcile it with handoff weighing and lot records.

• Selected flow: Beans, dry
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured accepted net product mass at the actual handoff, normalized to the reference quantity; do not sum preceding-stage quantities, other routes or co-products
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_declared_reference_handoff
• Range: Handoff quantity normalization identity
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg net handoff mass of the same state
  • Basis: normalization of the measured net mass of the same handoff state; not a physical-operation yield
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: declared-handoff-measurement-definition

Waste flows

This measurement node adds no waste inputs.

Elementary flows

This measurement node adds no resource inputs.

Outputs

Product flows

Reference product at declared handoff (reference_product_at_declared_handoff)

• Selected flow: Beans, dry
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1000 kg
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_declared_reference_handoff Confirm the product UUID independently for the actual state. Until confirmed, retain unresolved identity instead of inheriting a UUID from a preceding stage or another route.
• Range: Handoff quantity normalization identity
  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg/kg net handoff mass of the same state
  • Basis: normalization of the measured net mass of the same handoff state; not a physical-operation yield
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)
  • Sources: declared-handoff-measurement-definition

Waste flows

Record actual losses at the operation where they occur; do not duplicate them here.

Elementary flows

Record actual emissions at the operation where they occur; do not duplicate them here.

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivision	fields, harvest events, lots, and dryer runs	Prefer subdivision and direct assignment using field, event, lot, run, and destination records before applying allocation.
allocation_intended_outputs	accepted beans, retained seed, downgraded beans, and valuable residues	Enumerate every intended output and hand-off. When two or more independently valuable outputs leave one node, declare and justify a PCR-specific physical or economic allocation; report a sensitivity to the alternative basis when the choice materially changes results.
allocation_residue_test	bean straw, pods, screenings, and rejected grain	Treat material as a co-product only when deliberately collected and transferred for beneficial use or sale. Field-retained residues, unrecovered shattering, and discarded rejects remain residue, loss, or waste and receive no product allocation.
allocation_rework	reworked, re-cleaned, re-dried, downgraded, or returned material	Link rework to the node that produced the off-spec state, retain its burdens, and add only incremental rework burdens. Never count reworked or downgraded mass simultaneously as accepted output.
allocation_shared_runs	shared equipment, cleaning, start-up, shutdown, and changeover	Assign shared run burdens once by direct metering where possible, otherwise by documented time, wet-grain throughput, or another causal physical basis; prevent double counting across lots or routes.
allocation_internal_seed	retained seed returned to a later crop cycle	Record retained seed as an explicit internal or co-product flow. Apply the chosen cross-cycle convention consistently and disclose it; do not erase the seed flow through recursion.

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_residual_precedence	remaining common burden with no specified primary branch	Resolve any study-specific joint-product instruction in this PCR that has no specified primary branch using this precedence; retain an already explicitly prescribed category-specific primary method. First directly assign separable output-specific activities. For the remaining common burden B, use a physical driver d_i only when measured operation or biological-service records demonstrate the causal consumption represented by that driver. A product being weighable, valuable or lower grade alone is insufficient; do not switch arbitrarily between area, time, mass and revenue. For comparable grades receiving the same common handling, measured processed mass is applicable only with the same service demand, state and moisture basis demonstrated. Share a_i=d_i/sum(d_j); B_i=Ba_i. If no defensible causal physical driver exists for that common operation, use gate- and period-matched economic shares a_i=(q_ip_i)/sum(q_j*p_j), with the complete independently intended output set, compatible quantity/price units, currency, representative prices and values before output-specific downstream processing. Missing price or denominator evidence makes the allocated result incomplete, not a zero-priced product or a single-output system. Report shares summing to one and sensitivity to a material alternative; an alternative is not an interchangeable primary result. Waste, retained residues and internal transfers receive no co-product share, while their attributable production/handling burdens remain with the producing saleable route. Retain unallocated physical quantities and mass balances separately. This branch gives no automatic substitution credit; any separately scoped substitution analysis retains the gross inventory and its actual displaced-function evidence.	ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Inventory completeness: conditional named cards are examples of individual exchanges, not an exhaustive recipe or a requirement to use those products. Before completing a foreground package, enumerate every actual planting stock, nutrient, crop-protection formulation, asset material, operating service, carrier, packaging material, waste stream and applicable elementary substance separately, using its physical identity, state, native property/unit, origin or receiving compartment, and measured or method-calculated quantity. Missing identity or quantity remains a completeness gap, never an assumed zero. Preserve the actual lot and phase basis; do not sum intermediate transfers as additional final output or duplicate burdens included in purchased services.

Retain raw site, lot, cycle and stage quantities and denominators in each collection protocol. Reconcile stocks, losses, moisture and co-product attribution first, then normalize: normalized exchange = attributable raw exchange × declared reference quantity / accepted hand-off product quantity on the same boundary and measurement basis. Apply perennial-establishment and shared-operation attribution before this normalization. Never set an internal-transfer quantity equal to the final reference quantity. Per declared reference flow means the amount, unit and product state in section 3; the data package must declare its actual route and gate.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_field_inputs	field_production	seed, nutrients, crop protection, and inoculants	purchase, issue, application, and field records	field id; crop year; species; market class; product identity; formulation; quantity; unit; nutrient composition; application date; treated area; returns	reconcile invoices and stock movement to field application records; keep each nutrient product once; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum actual quantities by product and normalize to accepted output from the linked crop cycle	native product unit; kg or m3; nutrient kg	each application and crop cycle	complete crop cycle	each field or homogeneous management stratum	per declared reference flow	invoices; application logs; stock reconciliation; composition evidence
cp_irrigation_water	field_production	irrigation water	meter or irrigation-event record	field id; event; meter readings or flow rate; duration; source; irrigated area	meter difference or calibrated flow rate × operating time; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum delivered field volume and normalize to linked accepted output	m3	each irrigation event	complete crop cycle	each irrigated field; rainfed fields recorded as zero	per declared reference flow	meter calibration or flow-rate check; event log
cp_energy_records	field_production; mature_harvest; cleaning_grading	field, harvest, and conditioning energy	meter, fuel issue, contractor, and equipment log	node; field or lot id; carrier; quantity; unit; start and end meter; operating time; throughput; shared-run rule	meter or fuel reconciliation; allocate shared runs once using recorded causal driver; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum by carrier and node; convert with declared factors; normalize to linked output	carrier unit and MJ	each event or run	complete crop cycle and conditioning campaign	each field, machine, or facility	per declared reference flow	meter calibration; invoices; equipment logs; allocation worksheet
cp_field_emission_drivers	field_production	direct field emissions	application, residue, soil, climate, and method record	N product and N content; crop residues returned or removed; soil and climate stratum; emission-factor method; factor version	calculate only from collected drivers using the declared inventory method; Raw aggregation and attribution: apply the method by stratum and aggregate substances after retaining compartment and N-to-compound conversions	kg N; kg dry matter; method-specific units	each application and annual calculation	crop cycle with required annual context	each field or homogeneous stratum	per declared reference flow	application records; composition evidence; method citation; calculation workbook
cp_mass_reconciliation	field_production; mature_harvest	intermediate crop and harvest mass balance	field and harvest reconciliation	field id; harvested grain; residue; retained field residue; shattering; moisture by state	reconcile all measured and estimated output states on a consistent moisture or dry-matter basis; Raw aggregation and attribution: reconcile inputs and outputs before aggregation; normalize to accepted product	kg and % wet-basis moisture	each harvest event	crop cycle	each field and harvest event	per declared reference flow	calibrated scale; moisture meter; loss study; reconciliation check
cp_lot_mass_quality	mature_harvest; cleaning_grading	lot masses, moisture, and grade states	weighbridge, scale, moisture, and grade record	lot id; origin; species; market class; incoming mass; outgoing mass; moisture; grade; foreign matter; broken or damaged fraction; destination	calibrated weighing and representative quality sampling at every hand-off; Raw aggregation and attribution: conserve dry matter across hand-offs and sum only after lot reconciliation	kg and %	each lot and hand-off	complete harvest and conditioning campaign	each lot and conditioning site	per declared reference flow	calibration; sampling record; grade certificate or buyer specification
cp_co_products_losses	mature_harvest; cleaning_grading	residues, co-products, downgrade, retained seed, and losses	weighing, destination, and loss-study record	producing node; state; mass; moisture; quality; destination; value where allocation is needed; recovery status	weigh where possible; otherwise documented sampling and reconciliation; Raw aggregation and attribution: aggregate separately by state and destination; never merge accepted, downgraded, retained-seed, residue, and waste states	kg wet mass and kg dry matter	each event or lot	complete crop cycle and campaign	each field, lot, and destination	per declared reference flow	scale records; destination receipt; loss study; reconciliation
cp_drying_run	farm_gate_drying	wet input, dried output, rejects, moisture, and energy	dryer-run record	run id; lot id; incoming and outgoing mass; incoming and outgoing moisture; target moisture; carriers; carrier quantities; rejects; start-up; shutdown; destination ; all input/output water including rejects/residues; actual added/rain water; separate liquid exports; opening/closing water stock; moisture and density; supported evaporation	calibrated weighing, moisture measurement, and energy metering for each run; Raw aggregation and attribution: calculate conserved dry matter and removed water; assign shared energy once; normalize to dried accepted output	kg; % wet basis; carrier unit; MJ	each dryer run	complete drying campaign	each dryer and run	per declared reference flow	scale and moisture calibration; meter records; dry-matter reconciliation
cp_declared_reference_handoff	declared_reference_handoff	reference_product_at_declared_handoff	handoff weighing and acceptance records	route, terminal_output_row_id, product_state, gate, lot, net_mass_kg, moisture_basis, acceptance, tare	Use calibrated scales or traceable weighing records; reconcile the actual terminal-operation handoff lot, accepted net mass, product state and moisture; exclude packaging tare and do not sum preceding-stage quantities.	kg	each handoff lot	declared reporting period	declared handoff gate	per declared reference flow	calibration or weighing tickets, acceptance and lot traceability
cp_phase1_environment_coverage	field_production	managed environmental coverage by actual node	site/activity/method ledger	site and actual managed nodes; area; dated occupation intervals; co-users; establishment/immature history; actual prior/current land classes and transformation dates/areas; carbon-method coverage; upstream land coverage	Collect original records by the actual responsible production node and matched lot/period; retain provenance, method applicability and uncertainty. Reconcile with existing protocols and provider coverage, do not add duplicate events. Explicitly document inapplicability; absent evidence is a gap.	native activity units; kg N or substance; area/time as applicable	event and annual/lot reconciliation	matched production/cohort period	all actual managed-production nodes	apply applicable coverage calculations then final normalization once	original records, method worksheets and applicability evidence

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
normalize_to_reference	all inventory amounts	normalized amount = amount assigned to the declared route ÷ accepted reference-product mass × 1,000 kg	assigned flow amount; accepted reference-product mass	flow amount per 1,000 kg reference product	mass-balance-identity
wet_to_dry_matter	bean, residue, and reject mass	dry matter = wet mass × (1 − wet-basis moisture fraction)	measured wet mass; measured wet-basis moisture	kg dry matter	fao-grain-drying
drying_water_balance	farm-gate drying	Water removed to air = incoming material water + actual external water addition + opening water stock - water in every outgoing accepted/downgraded/reject/residue stream - separately exported liquid water - closing water stock, using matched measured wet masses and moisture fractions or compatible densities. Internal recirculation cancels. Include actual rain uptake/rewetting; separate dry-matter and non-water losses. Establish actual evaporation and receiving air boundary from measurement or a supported closed balance; missing components or unexplained difference do not prove vapour or zero. Normalize once to matched accepted final output.	incoming and outgoing mass and moisture; reject mass and moisture	kg water removed and dry-matter reconciliation	fao-grain-drying
field_n2o_method	direct managed-soil N2O	apply the selected IPCC tier or a documented regional method to actual synthetic N, organic N, crop-residue N, and other required drivers; convert N2O-N to N2O by 44/28	collected N inputs; residue treatment; method factors; site strata	kg N2O by receiving compartment	ipcc-2019-managed-soils
lot_output_reconciliation	harvest, cleaning, grading, and drying	incoming dry matter = accepted dry matter + downgraded dry matter + retained-seed dry matter + valuable-residue dry matter + reject dry matter + unrecovered dry-matter loss, within declared uncertainty	all state-specific mass and moisture records	reconciled output states and unexplained difference	mass-balance-identity
chemical_species_mass_accounting	elementary_nutrient_emissions	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	cp_field_emission_drivers; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Environmental Coverage Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_managed_land_coverage	actual managed-production nodes	For each actual owned managed-production site, collect the occupied area and dated occupation intervals, including attributable establishment/immature and production periods. Occupation is area multiplied by actual duration, converted explicitly to the selected area-time unit (1 ha = 10,000 m2; time in years); hectares per crop-cycle alone are not an area-time result without duration. Partition or take the union of overlapping establishment/management intervals so the same area-time is counted once, with shares across actual co-users summing to one. Record evidenced land transformation separately by actual from/to land class, event area and date under the declared land-use method; transformation has area units and is not added to occupation. Planting, continued occupation or missing prior-land data do not establish a transformation or zero transformation. Preserve actual historical-event attribution and carbon-stock/emission method coverage where applicable; no invented land conversion or generic carbon credit. Instantiate separate compatible elementary identities with verified UUIDs or explicit unresolved identities; attribute once and normalize to the matched final reference. Purchased completed biological inputs inherit compatible upstream land coverage once instead of duplicating it locally. Missing applicable land identity, area, duration or prior-state evidence remains a completeness gap; documented no transformation is a valid absence.	cp_phase1_environment_coverage	attributed native environmental quantities per matched final reference

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	reference and intermediate bean states	Species, market class, crop year, lot lineage, intended route, and classification exclusions shall be explicit.	field, lot, and product specification records
dq_temporal	production mix	Cover a representative crop cycle; multi-year averages retain annual values and weighting.	crop-year records and aggregation worksheet
dq_route	alternative production and technology routes	Rainfed versus irrigated, manual versus mechanical harvest, natural versus equipment drying, and rework routes shall be separately measured and weighted.	route flags, event logs, and production weights
dq_mass_moisture	all bean, residue, reject, and loss states	Masses shall carry moisture basis where it affects comparison, and every hand-off shall pass dry-matter reconciliation within documented uncertainty.	scale and moisture calibration; reconciliation report
dq_nutrient	agricultural nutrient products	Preserve actual product identity, quantity, composition, and nutrient convention; demonstrate that compound and organic products were counted once.	invoices, labels or analysis, application records, and nutrient worksheet
dq_completeness	all process nodes	Record accepted output, downgraded output, retained seed, valuable residues, rejects, shattering, and other losses as separate states with destinations.	mass reconciliation and destination records
dq_runs	conditioning and drying campaigns	Link energy, cleaning, start-up, shutdown, changeover, outputs, and rejects to a run or reporting period and assign each shared burden once.	run logs, meter records, and allocation worksheet
dq_method	calculated emissions	Identify method, tier, factor version, units, conversions, and applicable compartments; do not substitute generic substance labels for resolved elementary-flow identities in final datasets.	cited method and calculation workbook

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_identity	reference product	Confirm the flow UUID, species, market class, unprocessed grain state, farm-gate hand-off, moisture basis, grade, and exclusion of green beans, soybean, and separately classified pulses.
validate_reference_mass	reference amount	Confirm exactly 1,000 kg net accepted bean grain after the final included node and exclude packaging, foreign material, downgraded grain, retained seed, and rejects.	mass-balance-identity
validate_route_topology	alternative routes	Confirm each lot has one declared production, harvest, pre-drying, conditioning, and drying topology; mutually exclusive route intervals shall not be double counted.
validate_process_handoffs	all nodes	Confirm field output equals harvest input, harvest grain equals conditioning input, and any drying input links to the accepted conditioning lot, after moisture-basis conversion.	mass-balance-identity
validate_grade_states	cleaning and grading	Confirm at least accepted and rejected states are declared, and every accepted, downgraded, retained-seed, valuable-residue, reject, and waste state has exactly one hand-off or destination.	usda-dry-edible-beans-2021
validate_drying	conditional drying	When drying is active, confirm before and after moisture, dry-matter balance, energy, water removed, rejects, and run identity; when inactive, confirm no equipment-drying burden.	fao-grain-drying
validate_rework	off-spec and returned material	Confirm re-cleaned or re-dried material is linked back to its producing node, receives only incremental rework burdens, and is counted once in its final state.
validate_outputs_allocation	multi-output nodes	Confirm all intended outputs and hand-offs are complete, the attribution decision is declared, residue versus co-product tests are applied, and sensitivity is reported when material.
validate_runs	batch and campaign records	Confirm inputs, outputs, cleaning, changeover, start-up, and shutdown records are indexed to fields, lots, runs, or periods and no shared burden is assigned twice.
validate_ranges	every inventory flow card	Check each supplied range for complete bounds, unit, basis, evidence and bilingual alignment. Require compatible quantitative evidence for any enforced limit. If no supported bound exists, retain measured quantities and explicitly report range screening unavailable; do not invent a range or declare that check complete. Investigate deviations rather than overwrite measured values.
validate_nutrient_cardinality	each process	Verify each actual exchange against its concrete flow UUID, physical state, property and unit; preserve explicit unresolved identities when confirmation is unavailable.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	unit_process or aggregated foreground production dataset
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	Mature dry edible bean grain at farm gate when species, market class, geography, crop year, production regime, harvest technology, drying route, moisture basis, grade, and co-product treatment match the study
excluded_use	Green beans, soybean, other separately classified pulses, certified planting seed production, milling, cooking, canning, retail packing, off-farm storage, or post-gate transport
required_metadata	reference-flow UUID and qualifiers; CPC context; species; market class; geography; crop year; production and harvest route; conditioning and drying route; moisture basis; grade; field, lot and run coverage; co-product and loss destinations; allocation; inventory method; DQR
required_quality_disclosure	foreground-record coverage; scale, meter and moisture calibration; route weighting; missing-data treatment; range-screen exceptions; mass and dry-matter reconciliation; emission-factor method and version; allocation sensitivity
update_trigger	material change in species or market class, geography, production regime, seed route, harvest or conditioning technology, drying route, grade requirement, co-product destination, allocation method, inventory method, or data representativeness

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
fao-bean-postharvest-compendium	handbook	FAO INPhO, Post-harvest Operations Compendium: Phaseolus beans, https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/inpho/docs/Post_Harvest_Compendium_-_Phaesolus_beans.pdf	bean harvest, field drying, threshing, handling, cleaning, loss, and route decomposition
fao-postharvest-system	handbook	FAO, Post-harvest system and food losses, https://www.fao.org/4/ac301e/AC301e03.htm	distinction among harvest, pre-drying, threshing, cleaning, drying, storage, and processing
fao-grain-drying	handbook	FAO, Agricultural engineering in development: Drying, https://www.fao.org/4/t0522e/T0522E08.htm	wet-basis moisture definition, drying boundary, safe-state purpose, and water-balance calculation
usda-dry-edible-beans-2021	official_guidance	USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, Commodity Specification for Dry Edible Beans, Peas and Lentils, August 2021, https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/CommoditySpecificationforDryEdibleBeansPeasandLentilsAugust2021.pdf	dry mature bean commodity identity, moisture and quality-state context, and downstream processing distinction
ipcc-2019-managed-soils	method_factor	IPCC, 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, Volume 4, Chapter 11, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch11_Soils_N2O_CO2.pdf	direct managed-soil N2O calculation and N2O-N to N2O conversion context
mass-balance-identity	method_factor	Conservation of mass and dry matter applied to measured foreground hand-offs	reference normalization, output-state reconciliation, and allowed 1,000 kg reference amount

source_id	type	reference	used_for
declared-handoff-measurement-definition	method_factor	This PCR, Sections 3, 6 and 8: measured net mass at the same state and gate is its own normalization denominator, giving a mass ratio of 1; handoff measurement adds no physical processing.	Same-stage and handoff measurement identities; a definition, not an observed yield, empirical default or external publication.
ghg-protocol-product-standard-2011	standard	WRI/WBCSD, Product Life Cycle Accounting and Reporting Standard (2011), Chapter 9, https://ghgprotocol.org/sites/default/files/standards/Product-Life-Cycle-Accounting-Reporting-Standard_041613.pdf	General allocation hierarchy and comparable-gate economic basis. Applicability conditions and the explicit residual branch are this PCR's method convention; no product-specific causal coefficient, price or output quantity is prescribed by this source.