Barley, seed

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR governs foreground data packages for barley (Hordeum spp., principally cultivated barley) grown specifically for planting and delivered as sowing-quality seed at the declared farm gate. It covers the multiplication crop, field operations, harvest and on-farm handling, cleaning and grading, and any treatment, packaging, or storage performed before that gate. It is intended for mass-based product, process, dataset, and lifecycle-model projections.

The PCR does not cover barley grown as grain for food, feed, malting, brewing, or industrial use; vegetative planting material; seed of other cereal species; downstream sowing of the sold seed; or distribution beyond the declared farm gate. A lot remains in scope whether certified or not, but its variety, seed class, certification or quality-assurance scheme, treatment state, and test status must be declared. Marketability thresholds remain jurisdiction- and contract-specific and are not universal conformance thresholds of this PCR.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.barley-seed
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 01151, Barley, seed, exact scope context
covered_products	Barley seed grown specifically for planting, including cleaned, graded, untreated, treated, certified, and quality-declared lots when the declared product remains viable seed for sowing
excluded_products	Barley grain not grown specifically for seed purposes; malting barley; feed barley; food barley; non-viable grain; seed of non-barley species; downstream crop production using the sold seed
representative_product	A traceable lot of seed-grade barley, cleaned for sowing and released at the declared farm gate
production_route	Parent-seed receipt and multiplication crop establishment; field production; harvest and post-harvest drying or handling; seed cleaning and grading; conditional treatment, packaging, and storage before release
market_state	Seed-grade, cleaned for sowing, production mix at farm gate; treatment, packaging, certification, test, and storage states declared per lot

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Delivery of a traceable lot of sowing-quality barley seed at the declared farm gate
How much	1 kg as-received mass of accepted reference product
How well	Seed-grade and cleaned for sowing; variety, seed class, treatment state, certification or quality-assurance scheme, germination result, analytical purity result, moisture result, test method and date, and lot identity declared
How long or cycle	One declared seed multiplication and conditioning campaign, including storage before the declared gate when storage is part of the foreground system
reference_flow_link	The functional unit is represented by the single reference product flow below; rejected seed, cleaning rejects, straw, and other outputs are not reference product

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Barley, seed c0da91a0-5054-4e3c-954f-80ceb0f6dac5
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	barley species and variety; seed class or multiplication category; certification or quality-assurance scheme and jurisdiction; untreated state or treatment product and loading; germination result with method/test date/laboratory; analytical purity result and method; moisture result with method and basis; lot identifier and lot mass; production geography; harvest year; cleaning and grading state; packaging state; storage duration and conditions; declared farm gate

When constructing a foreground data package, every item in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, the reference-flow comment, the product description, or an equivalent data-package field. Missing qualifiers make the reference-flow definition incomplete. Seed-test and certification records describe product quality; they do not replace foreground inventory records.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	accepted barley seed reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Measure accepted product on the as-received basis at the declared gate. Report moisture separately and do not silently convert the reference amount to dry matter.
lot_mass_traceability	parent seed, harvested seed, accepted seed, rejects, and co-products	Mass	kg	Reconcile calibrated scale records by lot and process. Preserve gross, tare, net, returned, reworked, and rejected masses where applicable.
moisture_basis	harvested, dried, conditioned, and released seed	Moisture content	percent by declared test basis	Identify sampling time, method, wet- or dry-basis convention, and lot. Any moisture-basis conversion must show the input result and formula.
area_and_yield	multiplication field	Area and mass	ha and kg	Record harvested area and accepted reference-product mass separately; calculate yield only from matched geography, crop campaign, and lot scope.
energy_consistency	fuels, electricity, heat, and drying energy	Mass or energy as supported by the selected flow	kg, kWh, or MJ	Preserve invoice or meter units. Convert only with a declared factor and basis; use net calorific value only when fuel energy is calculated.
water_consistency	irrigation water	Mass for the selected Tiangong flow	kg	Record metered volume where available and convert to mass only with a disclosed density and temperature basis; retain the original meter record.
quality_test_basis	germination, purity, moisture, viability, vigour, and seed-health results	Test result and method	method-defined	Results must be lot-specific and linked to sample identity, sampling date, method edition, laboratory, and test date. Do not substitute a jurisdictional limit for the measured result.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	A traceable parent barley-seed lot enters the declared multiplication field or contracted grower system with variety, class, treatment state, quantity, source, and upstream dataset status declared
starting_condition_role	Upstream product input to the seed-multiplication foreground system, not burden-free biological material
product_classification_scope	Barley cultivated specifically for seed purposes and released as sowing-quality seed; ordinary barley grain remains outside this product category
recursive_input_rule	Record parent barley seed once as a product input to the multiplication process and link an upstream seed dataset when available; do not recursively expand the same foreground campaign as its own input
upstream_dataset_requirement	Use a geographically, temporally, technologically, and seed-class-representative upstream dataset for parent seed and all other product inputs; disclose proxies, exclusions, and missing upstream datasets
disclosure	Declare parent-seed class and source, crop campaign, field geography, cultivation system, irrigation status, harvest and drying route, cleaning and grading route, treatment and packaging state, storage, product and reject destinations, allocation choices, and the exact release gate

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_required_stages	foreground seed production	Include parent-seed supply, soil preparation and sowing, crop management, irrigation when used, fertiliser and crop-protection application, machinery and energy use, harvest, post-harvest drying or handling, cleaning and grading, and treatment, packaging, and storage when performed before the declared gate.	environdec-pcr-2020-07; fao-seeds-toolkit-module-2
boundary_upstream_inputs	purchased inputs and services	Link upstream datasets for seed, fertilisers, soil amendments, crop-protection products, irrigation supply, fuels, electricity, heat, packaging, treatment products, and contracted operations that cross the system boundary.	environdec-pcr-2020-07; ec-pef-2021-2279
boundary_field_emissions	managed soil and field operations	Include direct and indirect field emissions that are material to the declared route. Use measured data or an applicable national, regional, or IPCC method with activity data, factors, compartments, and climate or leaching conditions disclosed.	ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o
boundary_reject_destinations	off-specification seed, cleaning rejects, straw, and residues	Record each output and its destination. Classify it as reference product, co-product, recyclable material, waste, or field-returned residue from evidence; do not infer zero burden from the label “reject”.	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-2; ec-pef-2021-2279
boundary_quality_operations	seed release	Include sampling, testing, certification, conditioning, tagging, and other quality operations when they consume material or energy before the declared gate; always retain their lot-level records even when their burdens are negligible.	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-3; ista-rules-seed-testing; eu-cereal-seed-directive-66-402
boundary_data_gaps	all required processes	Do not omit a required process solely because foreground or upstream data are missing. Use an explicitly disclosed proxy or report the data gap and its likely significance.	ec-pef-2021-2279

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
seed_crop_production	Barley seed multiplication crop production	required		Establish and manage the multiplication crop, including field inputs, machinery, irrigation, and managed-soil emissions	kg harvested unconditioned seed from the declared crop campaign
harvest_postharvest	Harvest and post-harvest drying or handling	required		Harvest the seed crop and bring it to the declared conditioning intake state	kg unconditioned seed delivered to conditioning
seed_conditioning	Seed reception, cleaning, grading, and release	required		Identify the lot, dry when needed, clean and grade, test, and separate accepted seed from rejects	kg accepted seed-grade barley seed
treatment_packaging_storage	Seed treatment, packaging, and storage	conditional	Include every operation performed before the declared farm gate; otherwise record it as not performed	Apply declared seed treatment, package and label the lot, and store it before release	kg accepted reference product at the declared farm gate

Tiangong process searches identified e2def1f7-e0e3-4946-8ee4-46bec2bf3c58 (Barley crop production for seed purpose) and 071917c6-aa61-4ac4-80c2-35c2ccad9e93 (Barley seed cleaning/conditioning) as identity candidates because they output the selected barley-seed flow. They are not default inventory datasets: their geography, technology, input/output state, compartments, and quantitative reference must be checked before use, and none of their exchange amounts is a PCR default.

Process: Barley seed multiplication crop production (seed_crop_production)

Inputs

Product flows

Parent barley seed lot (parent_seed_input)

Parent seed is the traceable biological product input used to establish the multiplication crop. Its upstream burden must be linked once according to the boundary abstraction.

• Selected flow: Barley, seed c0da91a0-5054-4e3c-954f-80ceb0f6dac5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured net parent-seed mass issued to and sown on the declared fields, adjusted only for documented returns
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_seed_lot_inputs

Fertiliser and soil-amendment products (fertiliser_products)

Record one row in the produced dataset for each purchased formulation and amendment. Select a Tiangong flow matching the declared product and nutrient form; do not substitute a generic fertiliser for a known formulation.

• Selected flow: Exact fertiliser or soil-amendment product selected after formulation and classification review
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product, with nutrient content retained separately
• Amount rule: delivered quantity minus documented returns, reconciled to application logs for the declared fields
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs_operations

Crop-protection products (crop_protection_products)

Record each active product or formulation separately. The generic Tiangong pesticides flow may be used only when a formulation-specific flow is unavailable and the proxy limitation is disclosed.

• Selected flow: Pesticides 4b5aaf18-4297-4ff1-aaef-237d08e4b8f1
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product and kg active ingredient
• Amount rule: issued quantity minus returns and unopened carryover, reconciled to application logs
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs_operations

Irrigation water supplied to the field (irrigation_water_input)

Include irrigation water only where applied. Preserve source, abstraction or supply route, meter basis, and irrigated area.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water 4ad684b1-8e85-4dee-8d9c-55d1fa2d4432
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: metered or otherwise documented water delivered to the declared fields, converted from volume only under water_consistency
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_irrigation_water

Diesel for field machinery (field_diesel)

Record fuel supplied to owned or contracted field operations within the foreground boundary. Avoid double counting fuel already included in a contracted-operation dataset.

• Selected flow: Diesel oil 9d258d75-6792-4f1c-9856-81602ed8f816
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg; optional net calorific value / MJ shown separately
• Amount rule: fuel invoices, tank records, or contractor-specific fuel records allocated to the declared fields and campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs_operations

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Land occupation and transformation (field_land_use)

Record applicable land occupation and transformation elementary flows using the site area, crop duration, prior land state, and selected assessment convention.

• Selected flow: Exact Tiangong land-use flow selected for the declared land state and compartment
• Flow property / unit: Area*time or area / method-supported unit
• Amount rule: calculated from georeferenced field area, crop duration, and documented land-use history
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_inputs_operations

Outputs

Product flows

Harvested unconditioned barley seed (harvested_seed_output)

This intermediate output is the harvested seed crop before final cleaning and grading. It must not be represented as the cleaned reference product unless it already meets the declared release state.

• Selected flow: Foreground intermediate barley seed flow with unconditioned state declared; no default Tiangong UUID
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calibrated net harvested mass assigned to the declared seed lots and fields
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_output_mass

Straw or other marketable crop co-product (field_coproduct)

Record a separate product output only when the material leaves the field system for a beneficial use or sale; otherwise classify and model it according to its documented fate.

• Selected flow: Exact co-product flow selected for the declared material and destination
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured or documented mass leaving the field system
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_coproduct_waste_destinations

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Direct and indirect nitrous oxide to air (managed_soil_n2o)

Calculate managed-soil nitrous oxide from matched nitrogen activity data and an applicable regional or IPCC method. Keep direct and indirect components distinguishable in calculation records.

• Selected flow: nitrous oxide, emissions to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c3-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg N2O
• Amount rule: calculated by calc_managed_soil_n2o from collected nitrogen inputs, crop residues, soil and climate conditions, and declared factors
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_emissions
• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o

Ammonia volatilisation to air (fertiliser_ammonia)

Calculate or measure ammonia volatilisation using the actual nitrogen forms, application method, incorporation, weather or climate class, and the applicable regional method.

• Selected flow: ammonia, emissions to air, unspecified 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-a2a9-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NH3
• Amount rule: calculated by calc_n_volatilisation_and_leaching or measured from a documented campaign-specific method
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_emissions
• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o

Nitrate loss to water (nitrate_to_water)

Record nitrate leaching or runoff only with a method applicable to the site conditions, and select the receiving-water compartment supported by the method and site evidence.

• Selected flow: nitrate, emissions to water, unspecified fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-aa31-0050c2490048; replace with a more specific receiving compartment when supported
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg nitrate
• Amount rule: calculated by calc_n_volatilisation_and_leaching from collected nitrogen activity data and declared leaching or runoff conditions
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_emissions
• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o

Crop-protection emissions (crop_protection_emissions)

Create one elementary-flow row per emitted active substance and receiving compartment when an applicable inventory method supports the emission. Do not treat applied product mass as identical to an environmental emission.

• Selected flow: Exact active-substance elementary flow and receiving compartment selected after method review
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg emitted substance
• Amount rule: measured or calculated from application records by a declared inventory method
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg harvested unconditioned seed from the matched crop campaign
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_field_emissions

Process: Harvest and post-harvest drying or handling (harvest_postharvest)

Inputs

Product flows

Harvested seed entering post-harvest handling (postharvest_seed_input)

Receive the matched unconditioned seed lot from the multiplication field and preserve lot identity through drying and handling.

• Selected flow: Foreground intermediate barley seed flow with unconditioned state declared; no default Tiangong UUID
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calibrated intake mass by lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg post-harvest seed delivered to conditioning
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_mass_energy

Harvest and drying energy (postharvest_energy)

Record fuels, electricity, and heat separately by selected supply flow and equipment. Include only energy attributable to the declared seed lots.

• Selected flow: Exact fuel, electricity, or heat supply flow matching carrier, voltage or grade, geography, and mix
• Flow property / unit: Energy or mass / kWh, MJ, or kg supported by the selected flow
• Amount rule: meter, fuel, invoice, or contractor records allocated to matched lots and operations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg post-harvest seed delivered to conditioning
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_mass_energy

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Unconditioned seed delivered to conditioning (conditioning_intake_output)

Record lot mass and moisture at delivery to conditioning after field harvest and any on-farm drying or temporary storage.

• Selected flow: Foreground intermediate barley seed flow with unconditioned state declared; no default Tiangong UUID
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calibrated net output mass by lot, linked to the moisture result at handoff
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg unconditioned seed delivered to conditioning
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_mass_energy

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Harvest and post-harvest losses returned to the environment (postharvest_field_losses)

Record seed and crop material lost to the field or another environmental compartment when material. Select a flow and compartment that match the observed fate.

• Selected flow: Exact biomass-loss elementary flow and compartment selected for the observed fate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured loss or mass-balance-derived loss with uncertainty and method disclosed
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg unconditioned seed delivered to conditioning
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_mass_energy

Process: Seed reception, cleaning, grading, and release (seed_conditioning)

Inputs

Product flows

Unconditioned barley seed received for conditioning (conditioning_seed_input)

Receive, weigh, identify, and sample every incoming lot before cleaning and grading.

• Selected flow: Foreground intermediate barley seed flow with unconditioned state declared; no default Tiangong UUID
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calibrated net intake mass by lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted seed-grade barley seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_mass_energy

Electricity and other conditioning energy (conditioning_energy)

Record electricity, fuel, and heat used by intake, drying, cleaning, grading, conveying, dust control, sampling, and testing equipment.

• Selected flow: Exact energy supply flow matching carrier, voltage or grade, geography, and consumption mix; no universal default UUID
• Flow property / unit: Energy or mass / kWh, MJ, or kg supported by the selected flow
• Amount rule: metered or invoice quantity allocated to the declared lots by direct sub-metering, runtime and rated load, or a disclosed facility allocation key
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted seed-grade barley seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_mass_energy

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted seed-grade barley seed (accepted_barley_seed)

The accepted output is cleaned for sowing and linked to lot-specific quality results and release evidence.

• Selected flow: Barley, seed c0da91a0-5054-4e3c-954f-80ceb0f6dac5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calibrated net accepted mass released from conditioning, excluding rejects, rework still in process, and non-reference co-products
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted seed-grade barley seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_seed_quality_release

Waste flows

Seed cleaning rejects (seed_cleaning_rejects)

Record screenings and rejected seed as waste only when the documented destination meets the dataset's waste classification. If sold or used beneficially, model a co-product instead.

• Selected flow: Seed cleaning rejects 6bfe90ae-a960-45dd-b1fa-89581c562763
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calibrated reject mass by lot and reject stream
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted seed-grade barley seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_coproduct_waste_destinations

Elementary flows

Conditioning dust to air (conditioning_dust)

Record dust released after control equipment when measured or when a documented calculation method is applicable. Do not equate collected dust with emitted dust.

• Selected flow: Exact particulate elementary flow and air compartment selected after equipment and particle-size review
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured release or calculated from handled mass, control efficiency, and a cited facility method
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted seed-grade barley seed
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_conditioning_mass_energy

Process: Seed treatment, packaging, and storage (treatment_packaging_storage)

Inputs

Product flows

Accepted seed entering final operations (final_operations_seed_input)

Pass the accepted seed lot into treatment, packaging, or storage only when those operations occur before the declared gate.

• Selected flow: Barley, seed c0da91a0-5054-4e3c-954f-80ceb0f6dac5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calibrated net mass entering included final operations
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted reference product at the declared farm gate
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_final_operations

Seed-treatment products (seed_treatment_products)

Record each treatment formulation and active ingredient separately, with treated mass and application rate linked to the lot.

• Selected flow: Exact treatment-product flow selected after formulation and classification review
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product and kg active ingredient
• Amount rule: issued quantity minus returns and residues, reconciled to treated lot mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted reference product at the declared farm gate
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_final_operations

Packaging materials (seed_packaging_materials)

Record bags, liners, labels, pallets, and other packaging that leave with the reference product. Reusable packaging must disclose cycles and allocation.

• Selected flow: Exact packaging-material flow selected for each material and route
• Flow property / unit: Mass or item count / kg or item
• Amount rule: packaging issued to released lots minus unused returns, with reuse cycles documented
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted reference product at the declared farm gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_final_operations

Energy for treatment, packaging, and storage (final_operations_energy)

Record actual electricity, fuel, or heat for included final operations and storage.

• Selected flow: Exact energy supply flow matching carrier, voltage or grade, geography, and consumption mix; no universal default UUID
• Flow property / unit: Energy or mass / kWh, MJ, or kg supported by the selected flow
• Amount rule: metered or invoice quantity allocated to the declared lots by a disclosed key; storage energy also reflects duration
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted reference product at the declared farm gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_final_operations

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Barley seed at the declared farm gate (reference_barley_seed_output)

This is the final reference product after all operations included before the gate. Its treatment, packaging, storage, certification, and test states must match the declared qualifiers.

• Selected flow: Barley, seed c0da91a0-5054-4e3c-954f-80ceb0f6dac5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: calibrated net lot mass released at the declared gate
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted reference product at the declared farm gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_seed_quality_release

Waste flows

Treatment and packaging wastes (final_operations_waste)

Record unused treatment residues, contaminated packaging, damaged bags, and other wastes by type and destination.

• Selected flow: Exact waste flow selected for material, hazard status, and treatment route
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured waste mass by type and destination
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per kg accepted reference product at the declared farm gate
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_coproduct_waste_destinations

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_avoidance	all multifunctional foreground processes	First avoid allocation by subdividing separately measured operations or, where consistent with goal and scope, by system expansion. Document the decision and the affected flows.	ec-pef-2021-2279
allocation_physical_relation	unavoidable multifunctionality	If subdivision or system expansion is not applicable, use a causal physical relationship that reflects how burdens change with the co-products. State the relation, formula, quantities, and sensitivity.	ec-pef-2021-2279
allocation_other_relation	no defensible physical relation	Only when no defensible physical relation exists, use another justified relation such as economic value. Use matched geography and period, disclose price sources and volatility, and report sensitivity.	ec-pef-2021-2279
allocation_output_classification	straw, off-specification seed, cleaning rejects, and packaging returns	Determine destination and economic or functional role before allocation. A sold feed stream or useful material is not automatically waste; a waste label does not by itself justify zero burden.	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-2; ec-pef-2021-2279
allocation_parent_seed	parent barley seed input	Carry the upstream parent-seed dataset as an input burden. Do not allocate the current campaign backward to its own parent-seed input.	ec-pef-2021-2279
allocation_reusable_packaging	reusable bags, bins, and pallets	Allocate production and end-of-life burdens over documented expected uses and include loss, cleaning, and return transport where within scope.	ec-pef-2021-2279

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_seed_lot_inputs	seed_crop_production	parent seed input	seed purchase, issue, return, and lot records	lot id; variety; class; treatment; supplier; source geography; certification scheme; gross, tare, net, issued, returned, and sown mass; upstream dataset ref	reconcile supplier documents, calibrated scale tickets, store issues, drill-loading records, and field logs	kg and descriptive fields	each lot and field issue	complete declared crop campaign	all declared fields and parent-seed lots	sum net sown mass by matched field and campaign; retain lot links	supplier record, lot label, certification or quality record, scale calibration, reconciliation sign-off
cp_field_inputs_operations	seed_crop_production	fertilisers, amendments, crop protection, fuel, land, and operations	invoices, stock movement, application logs, machinery logs, contractor records, field GIS, and soil records	product identity; formulation; nutrient or active content; quantity; returns; application date and rate; field id and area; machinery hours; fuel; soil and land-use history	reconcile purchases and stocks to georeferenced field-operation records	kg, kg nutrient, kg active ingredient, L or kg fuel, h, ha, dates	every delivery and application; campaign reconciliation	complete declared crop campaign	all declared fields and contractors	aggregate only after identity, field, period, and unit harmonisation; allocate shared operations by disclosed causal key	invoices, labels, calibrated applicator or tank records, contractor statements, field maps, soil analyses
cp_irrigation_water	seed_crop_production	irrigation water	meter, abstraction, pump, and irrigation logs	source; meter start and end; volume; irrigated field and area; dates; pump energy; conversion density	calibrated meter preferred; otherwise documented engineering estimate with uncertainty	m3 raw and kg converted	each irrigation event or meter interval	complete irrigation season	all irrigated declared fields	sum matched events; preserve source and conversion records	meter calibration, abstraction permit or supplier invoice, pump record, field log
cp_field_output_mass	seed_crop_production	harvested seed and field co-products	harvester, weighbridge, storage intake, moisture, and destination records	field id; lot id; gross, tare, net mass; moisture; harvest date; co-product mass and destination	calibrated weighbridge or scale with lot reconciliation	kg and percent moisture	each load and lot	complete harvest of declared crop campaign	all declared fields and receiving stores	sum matched net masses; prevent duplicate tickets; retain moisture basis	scale calibration, ticket sequence check, moisture test, field-to-lot reconciliation
cp_field_emissions	seed_crop_production	managed-soil and crop-protection emissions	emission calculation workbook linked to field activity data	N form and content; applied N; organic N; crop-residue N; soil and climate class; volatilisation and leaching conditions; method edition; factor source; active substance; compartment	calculate from approved field records using the declared regional or IPCC inventory method	kg N, kg N2O, kg NH3, kg nitrate, kg emitted substance	once per field and crop campaign; update when input data change	complete declared crop campaign	all declared fields	calculate field first, then aggregate by output mass; keep direct and indirect components and compartments	locked formulas, method citation, factor table, reviewer check, input-record links
cp_postharvest_mass_energy	harvest_postharvest	harvested seed, losses, drying, and handling energy	intake and output scale tickets, moisture tests, meters, fuel, runtime, and storage logs	lot id; mass in and out; moisture in and out; energy carrier and quantity; drying temperature; runtime; losses and fate	calibrated scales and meters; runtime allocation only when sub-metering is unavailable	kg, percent moisture, kWh, MJ, h	each lot, batch, and meter interval	harvest through conditioning handoff	all included harvest, drying, and handling sites	reconcile lot mass and energy to conditioning intake; disclose shared-facility allocation	calibration, tickets, meter or invoice records, moisture tests, operator sign-off
cp_conditioning_mass_energy	seed_conditioning	reception, cleaning, grading, rejects, dust, and energy	reception, batch, equipment, meter, scale, dust-control, and reject records	lot id; mass in; accepted mass; each reject mass; rework; meter values; runtime; equipment; captured and emitted dust data	calibrated scales and meters with batch mass balance	kg, kWh, MJ, h	each lot or conditioning batch	complete conditioning campaign	all included conditioning lines and lots	aggregate after batch mass balance; allocate shared energy by disclosed causal key	calibration, lot trace, batch report, meter or invoice, dust-control record, supervisor sign-off
cp_seed_quality_release	seed_conditioning	accepted reference product and quality release	sampling, laboratory, certification, tagging, and release records	lot id; sample id; sampling method and date; laboratory; method edition; germination; analytical purity; moisture; seed health; varietal identity; release decision; accepted mass	representative lot sampling and competent laboratory testing under the declared scheme	kg, percent, count, dates, descriptive fields	each lot and required retest	current for the released lot	every reference-product lot	no averaging across lots unless the scheme permits blending and traceability is preserved	sample chain of custody, laboratory report, certification or quality declaration, label, release approval
cp_final_operations	treatment_packaging_storage	treatment, packaging, storage, and final energy	treatment batch, formulation, packaging issue, meter, inventory, and storage logs	lot id; treated mass; product and active ingredient; amount; packaging material and count or mass; reusable cycles; meter data; storage dates and conditions	reconcile issued materials and energy to released lots	kg, item, kWh, MJ, days, descriptive fields	each batch, package issue, and meter interval	conditioning release through declared gate	all included treatment, packaging, and storage sites	aggregate by released lot; storage allocation reflects duration; disclose reuse model	batch record, label, safety and product record, inventory reconciliation, meter or invoice, warehouse log
cp_coproduct_waste_destinations	seed_crop_production; seed_conditioning; treatment_packaging_storage	co-products, rejects, residues, and wastes	scale tickets, transfer notes, sales, treatment, and destination records	material identity; mass; contamination or hazard status; destination; price or physical relation; date; receiver	weigh and reconcile each outbound stream to receiving evidence	kg, currency where economic allocation is used, descriptive fields	each shipment or disposal event	complete declared crop and conditioning campaign	all foreground sites and outbound streams	sum by material and destination; preserve co-product versus waste decision and allocation evidence	scale calibration, transfer or consignment note, invoice, receiver acceptance, treatment certificate

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	every inventory row	normalized amount = process-scoped amount / accepted reference-product mass at the declared gate, after allocation where applicable	process amount; accepted reference-product mass; allocation factor	amount per 1 kg reference product
calc_process_mass_balance	field output, post-harvest, conditioning, and final operations	mass-balance difference = total measured mass inputs - total measured product, co-product, waste, environmental loss, and inventory-change outputs on the same moisture basis	matched lot masses; moisture bases; inventory changes; measured or calculated losses	absolute and percentage reconciliation difference with explanation	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-2
calc_moisture_conversion	any explicitly requested dry- or common-moisture comparison	convert only after declaring wet- or dry-basis convention; retain measured as-received mass and moisture result as source values	mass; measured moisture; basis convention	converted comparison mass, never a silent replacement of the reference flow	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-3; ista-rules-seed-testing
calc_managed_soil_n2o	direct and indirect managed-soil N2O	apply the selected national, regional, or IPCC tier equations to matched synthetic N, organic N, crop-residue N, mineralisation, volatilisation, leaching, soil, and climate activity data; convert N2O-N to N2O explicitly where required	field N activity data; method equations; factors; climate and leaching conditions	kg direct N2O and kg indirect N2O by field and campaign	ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o
calc_n_volatilisation_and_leaching	ammonia and nitrate losses	apply a method appropriate to the fertiliser form, application and incorporation, soil, climate, irrigation, and receiving compartment; preserve N-species conversions	field N activity data; method; factors; site conditions	kg NH3 to air and kg nitrate to selected water compartment	ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o
calc_energy_conversion	fuels and energy	converted energy = recorded carrier quantity × declared conversion factor; do not apply a calorific value to electricity	invoices or meters; carrier; net calorific value or other conversion factor and source	carrier-specific quantity and optional MJ for comparison
calc_allocation	multifunctional foreground process	apply the selected allocation rule only after subdivision and system-expansion screening; allocated amount = unallocated amount × documented allocation factor	unallocated inventory; co-product quantities; physical relation or matched economic data	allocated inventory and sensitivity result	ec-pef-2021-2279
calc_seed_quality_status	reference-product lot	compare lot-specific test results with the explicitly declared scheme, jurisdiction, contract, and seed class; report measured values and decision separately	laboratory results; method edition; declared limits; lot identity	accepted, held, reworked, or rejected status with evidence	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-3; ista-rules-seed-testing; eu-cereal-seed-directive-66-402

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity_traceability	all foreground records	Preserve an unbroken link among field, parent seed, harvested load, conditioning batch, quality sample, released lot, and reference-product mass.	Lot ledger, labels, scale tickets, batch records, laboratory chain of custody, and release record; fao-seeds-toolkit-module-2; fao-seeds-toolkit-module-3
dq_temporal_coverage	crop campaign and conditioning	Cover the complete crop and conditioning campaign, including opening and closing stocks and storage before the declared gate. State any mismatch between activity-data and background-dataset years.	Dated records, stock reconciliation, and temporal representativeness review; ec-pef-2021-2279
dq_geographic_technology	foreground and upstream datasets	Match production region, cultivation system, irrigation status, machinery, drying, conditioning, treatment, and energy mix; justify proxies.	Site description and geographical and technological representativeness assessment; ec-pef-2021-2279
dq_completeness_mass_balance	all required processes	Complete process mass balances and reconcile purchases, applications, outputs, rejects, wastes, and inventory changes. Explain unresolved differences rather than forcing balance.	Reconciliation reports, missing-record log, and reviewer sign-off.
dq_measurement_control	meters, scales, laboratory tests, and calculated values	Record calibration or competence evidence, raw units, conversion factors, formulas, factor versions, and responsible reviewer.	Calibration certificates, laboratory scope, locked calculation workbook, and audit trail.
dq_seed_quality	reference-product lot	Use representative lot sampling and an identified test method for germination, analytical purity, moisture, and other claimed attributes. Keep measured results separate from legal or contract limits.	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-3; ista-rules-seed-testing; eu-cereal-seed-directive-66-402
dq_phytosanitary_scope	internationally moved seed or regulated pest claims	Declare applicable phytosanitary requirements and retain inspection, sampling, testing, and certification evidence; do not generalise one destination's requirements to all lots.	ippc-ispm-38 and lot-specific phytosanitary documents.
dq_emission_method	field and facility emissions	State method, edition, factors, units, conversion steps, compartments, regional conditions, and whether results are measured or calculated.	Calculation record and cited method; ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o.
dq_yield_context	yield plausibility review	Compare only with a matched official national or regional series and treat the comparison as QA context, not a conformance threshold or replacement for measured yield.	Foreground field/output records and faostat-crops-livestock-production.

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_identity	product category and reference flow	Confirm that the product is barley grown specifically for seed purposes and that the selected Tiangong reference flow, Mass property, Units of mass group, and kg unit exactly match the identifiers in section 3.
validate_required_qualifiers	every reference-product lot	Fail completeness when any required qualifier is absent or when treatment, certification, quality-test, packaging, storage, geography, or gate statements conflict.	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-3; ista-rules-seed-testing; eu-cereal-seed-directive-66-402
validate_process_coverage	foreground system	Confirm that all required processes and every conditional operation actually performed before the gate are represented; verify parent-seed and purchased-input upstream links or explicit data gaps.	environdec-pcr-2020-07; fao-seeds-toolkit-module-2; ec-pef-2021-2279
validate_lot_mass_balance	each process and lot	Recalculate the mass balance on consistent moisture bases, identify rework and inventory change, and investigate unexplained differences.	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-2
validate_field_emissions	managed-soil and crop-protection emissions	Check activity-data lineage, method applicability, factor edition, species conversions, receiving compartments, and normalization. Do not accept applied product mass as emitted mass.	ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o
validate_allocation	multifunctional processes	Verify the allocation hierarchy, output classification, formula, factor sum, matched price or physical data, and sensitivity disclosure.	ec-pef-2021-2279
validate_flow_identity	every UUID-bearing row	Re-query Tiangong without a dataset version and confirm flow name, flow type, classification or compartment, reference property, and modelling role. A semantically similar but mismatched row is not a default.
validate_data_quality	foreground and upstream evidence	Check completeness, temporal, geographical, technological, measurement, and precision evidence and disclose proxy or missing-data limitations.	ec-pef-2021-2279
validate_quality_release	accepted reference product	Confirm lot-specific representative sampling, laboratory method, measured results, release decision, and the applicable scheme or jurisdiction. This PCR supplies no universal germination, purity, or moisture threshold.	fao-seeds-toolkit-module-3; ista-rules-seed-testing; eu-cereal-seed-directive-66-402
validate_reasoned_estimates	any future provisional quantitative range	A reasoned_estimate may be used only as a replaceable QA screening range, never as a default inventory amount, legal limit, acceptance threshold, or proof of conformance; identify it explicitly and replace it when reviewed evidence becomes available.
validate_sources	all source-backed rules	Confirm that every cited source id exists in section 11 and that web-hosted sources record the retrieval date; source discovery snippets and Tiangong query traces are not evidence records.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground barley-seed data package and linked unit-process inventory; an aggregated dataset may be derived only after the foreground package passes validation
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset; supporting flow, process, and lifecyclemodel projections
allowed_use	Attributional cradle-to-declared-farm-gate modelling of a declared barley-seed lot or representative production mix when scope, geography, crop campaign, seed class, treatment, quality, packaging, storage, allocation, and data quality are compatible
excluded_use	Ordinary barley grain; malting, feed, or food barley; another cereal species; downstream crop production after sale; a universal seed-quality threshold; use of a candidate Tiangong process as an unreviewed default; consequential claims without an explicit consequential model
required_metadata	PCR id and content version; reference-flow UUIDs; geography and gate; crop and conditioning campaign; variety; seed class; certification or quality scheme; lot or aggregation logic; treatment, packaging, and storage states; process coverage; upstream datasets; allocation; emission methods; source ids; validation result
required_quality_disclosure	Foreground coverage; record and calibration evidence; sample and test method; missing data and proxies; representativeness; mass-balance differences; emission-factor choices; allocation sensitivity; uncertainty; any provisional QA screening range
update_trigger	Material change in product identity or Tiangong UUIDs, cultivation or conditioning route, legal or certification framework, test method, emission method or factor, allocation choice, geography, technology, background datasets, or evidence that changes a normative rule

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
environdec-pcr-2020-07	standard	EPD International, PCR 2020:07, Arable and vegetable crops, official PCR file: https://api.environdec.com/api/v1/EPDLibrary/Files/e8d0a500-4a67-4923-28e9-08db259f9365/Data (retrieved 2026-08-07)	Sector PCR scope, cultivation boundary, upstream inputs, field emissions, and agricultural data coverage
ec-pef-2021-2279	official_guidance	European Commission, Recommendation (EU) 2021/2279, Annex I Product Environmental Footprint Method: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reco/2021/2279/oj/eng (retrieved 2026-08-07)	Multifunctionality hierarchy, company-specific data, representativeness, data quality, proxies, and data-gap disclosure
ipcc-2019-managed-soils-n2o	method_factor	IPCC, 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4, Chapter 11, N2O emissions from managed soils and CO2 emissions from lime and urea application: https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch11_Soils_N2O_CO2.pdf (retrieved 2026-08-07)	Direct and indirect managed-soil N2O, nitrogen activity data, volatilisation, and leaching method structure
fao-seeds-toolkit-module-2	official_guidance	FAO and AfricaSeeds, Seeds Toolkit, Module 2: Seed processing: principles, equipment and practice: https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/2019283b-6271-4b2e-82c0-19ac6256c591/content (retrieved 2026-08-07)	Reception, lot identification, drying, cleaning, grading, treatment, packaging, storage, traceability, and process decomposition
fao-seeds-toolkit-module-3	official_guidance	FAO and AfricaSeeds, Seeds Toolkit, Module 3: Seed quality assurance: https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/b601435e-9c03-4ca5-8927-9f712418ec38/content (retrieved 2026-08-07)	Sampling, physical purity, germination, moisture, viability, vigour, seed health, varietal identity, certification, and quality records
ista-rules-seed-testing	standard	International Seed Testing Association, International Rules for Seed Testing: https://www.seedtest.org/en/publications/international-rules-seed-testing.html (retrieved 2026-08-07)	Uniform sampling, seed-lot testing, reporting, and germination-method identity
eu-cereal-seed-directive-66-402	standard	Council Directive 66/402/EEC on the marketing of cereal seed, consolidated access: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:31966L0402 (retrieved 2026-08-07)	Cereal-seed identity, certification, germination, analytical purity, health, lot, and labelling evidence; used only where applicable
ippc-ispm-38	standard	International Plant Protection Convention, ISPM 38, International movement of seeds: https://www.ippc.int/en/publications/84340/ (retrieved 2026-08-07)	Pest-risk scope, inspection, sampling, testing, and phytosanitary certification for internationally moved seed
faostat-crops-livestock-production	dataset	FAO, FAOSTAT Crops and Livestock Products data: https://www.fao.org/faostat/ (retrieved 2026-08-07)	Contextual yield and production plausibility review by matched geography and year; not a default inventory or threshold