Bambara beans, dry

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers foreground production of mature dry shelled Bambara groundnut or Bambara bean seed (Vigna subterranea) as a production mix at the farm gate. It covers crop management, lifting or digging subterranean pods, soil removal, pod detachment, drying, shelling, cleaning, grading and conditional final drying. Dry in-shell pods are an intermediate state and are not the reference product. Fresh pods, planting seed sold as seed, roasted or boiled seed, flour, canned product, oil and downstream processing are excluded.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.bambara-beans-dry
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 01708 Bambara beans, dry; mapping relation: narrower
covered_products	Mature dry shelled Vigna subterranea seed at farm gate
excluded_products	Fresh pods; planting seed sold as seed; roasted/boiled seed; flour; canned product; oil; downstream products
representative_product	Food-grade mature dry Bambara bean seed
production_route	Managed crop production, independent lifting/digging, primary conditioning, stabilization, shelling, and grading; sole/intercrop, manual/mechanized and ambient/mechanical routes may coexist only when separately declared
market_state	Dry shelled seed, production mix at farm gate; declare moisture basis, grade, damage/reject criteria, production mode and conditioning route

Alternative production routes inherit crop_production; sole-crop and intercropped routes change land, input and attribution records. Alternative technologies inherit the relevant harvest, drying, shelling or grading parent; they change energy, service and loss records. Mutually exclusive alternatives shall not be merged in one undifferentiated lot.

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Mature dry shelled Bambara bean seed at farm gate
How much	1,000 kg as-received reference product
How well	Declared moisture, foreign matter, broken/damaged seed, pest damage and grade criteria
How long or cycle	One crop cycle and its farm-gate conditioning campaign
reference_flow_link	reference_bambara_beans

Field	Value
Reference amount	1000
Reference product flow	Bambara beans, dry 855d61a4-389d-4db6-bbbd-c4f817ae16b4
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Mass units 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	species; dry_shelled_seed; moisture and basis; grade; foreign matter; broken/damaged and pest-damaged fractions; geography; crop year; sole/intercrop route; harvest, drying and shelling technology; farm-gate hand-off

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	Reference product and material balances	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Report 1,000 kg as received and declare moisture on one consistent basis.
area_to_mass	Crop records	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg/ha and kg/1,000 kg	Retain field area and gross/accepted yield before normalization.
shell_state_mass	Pod, shell and seed hand-offs	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Reconcile in-shell input with seed, shells, foreign matter, rejects and moisture change.
moisture_correction	Drying	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Use paired mass and moisture measurements and conserve dry solids.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Prepared field with prior crop, soil condition, retained residues and carry-over inputs disclosed
starting_condition_role	Start of managed production before sowing
product_classification_scope	Mature dry Vigna subterranea seed corresponding to CPC 3.0 01708
recursive_input_rule	Purchased Bambara grain used as an input is upstream product input and is not recursively represented as output of this foreground system
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link product, energy, water and service inputs to suitable upstream datasets; expand set-level nutrient records to concrete products and UUIDs in final processes
disclosure	Geography, crop year, area, sole/intercrop mode, irrigation, nutrient products/composition, crop protection, lifting, drying, shell state, grade, residue/reject routes and allocation

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_crop_cycle	Crop production	Include management inputs, direct managed-soil emissions, residues and losses through mature crop hand-off.	sa-dard-bambara-2020; sa-daff-bambara-2016; ipcc-2019-managed-soils
boundary_harvest	Harvest	Model lifting/digging independently because it removes subterranean pods and creates collected pod, haulm, soil and field-loss states.	sa-dard-bambara-2020; tanzania-naliendele-2001
boundary_conditioning	Conditioning	Include soil removal, pod detachment, drying, cleaning, grading and conditional final drying.	fao-pulse-loss-2020; fao-grain-handling
boundary_shell_state	Shelling	Require shelling before the CPC 01708 reference-product hand-off. Keep dry pods as an intermediate and never combine pod and shelled-seed mass without a measured balance.	feedipedia-bambara-byproducts-2016
boundary_exclusions	Downstream	Exclude cooking, roasting, milling, canning, oil extraction, post-farm storage/transport and planting-seed certification.	fao-forgotten-foods-2023

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
crop_production	Managed biological Bambara bean crop production	required	One declared crop cycle	Alternative production route and technology delta; batch production indexed by crop cycle; single-period with no storage	per harvested area and accepted product
lift_and_recover	Lift or dig and recover pods	required	Crop has reached declared maturity	Independent harvest hand-off for pods, haulm, soil and field loss	per lifted pod lot
pod_conditioning	Primary conditioning, preservation and stabilization of pods	required	Lifted crop enters farm conditioning	Soil removal, pod detachment and drying create clean stabilized pods and separate debris and rejects	per kg dry pod output
shell_dry_pods	Shell dry pods	required	Every dry-pod lot contributing to CPC 01708	Creates shelled seed and separately routes shells and damage	per kg shelled-seed output
clean_grade_final_dry	Cleaning, grading and sorting with conditional final drying	required	Dry shelled seed is prepared for sale	Creates accepted, downgraded and rejected states and farm-gate hand-off	per 1,000 kg accepted product

Production is indexed by field/crop cycle and later nodes by lot/campaign. Assign shared inputs, outputs, cleaning and changeover once using measured time, throughput or another disclosed causal driver.

Process: Managed biological Bambara bean crop production (crop_production)

Inputs

Product flows

Planting material (planting_material)

Record viable Bambara bean planting material entering the crop cycle; it is an upstream input rather than the farm-gate reference product.

• Selected flow: Bambara bean planting material

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured mass sown for the harvested area

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

• Range: Provisional planting-material QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 300
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Fertilizer, urea input (agricultural_nutrient_supply)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, urea is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, urea

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, urea used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate input (agricultural_nutrient_supply_monoammonium_phosphate)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

Fertilizer, potassium chloride input (agricultural_nutrient_supply_potassium_chloride)

Include this conditional card only when Fertilizer, potassium chloride is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Fertilizer, potassium chloride

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Fertilizer, potassium chloride used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

Cattle manure, as applied input (agricultural_nutrient_supply_cattle_manure)

Include this conditional card only when Cattle manure, as applied is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Cattle manure, as applied

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Cattle manure, as applied used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

Agricultural limestone input (agricultural_nutrient_supply_agricultural_limestone)

Include this conditional card only when Agricultural limestone is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Agricultural limestone

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg product

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Agricultural limestone used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

Irrigation water (irrigation_water)

Record gross irrigation water by source, event and delivery system; use zero where irrigation is inactive.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: measured or calculated gross irrigation delivery by event

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

• Sources: sa-daff-bambara-2016

• Range: Provisional irrigation-water screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 10000
  • Unit: m3/1,000 kg accepted product
  • Basis: gross irrigation supplied for the crop cycle
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Electricity, medium voltage input (field_energy)

Include this conditional card only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

Diesel fuel input (field_energy_diesel)

Include this conditional card only when Diesel fuel is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

Required crop-protection records: before completing the foreground package, enumerate every actually applied formulated product separately, retaining trade name, active ingredient, salt or chemical form, concentration, density where needed, application quantity, date and treated area. Select one physically specific product identity per exchange. Derive active-substance releases separately by substance and receiving compartment. Missing formulation identity is a completeness gap; do not replace it with a generic pesticide, invented example, or assumed zero.

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Mature crop with subterranean pods (mature_crop_handoff)

Record the mature managed crop at the hand-off to the independent lifting or digging node.

• Selected flow: Mature Bambara bean crop with subterranean pods

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Harvest-area reconciliation of pods, haulm, adhering soil and field losses

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

• Sources: sa-dard-bambara-2020

• Range: Provisional mature-crop mass-balance screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 15000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Waste flows

Field residues and production losses (field_residue_and_loss)

Record roots and other residues retained in soil and failed or unrecovered production; distinguish returned residue from removed haulm.

• Selected flow: Bambara bean field residues and losses

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg dry matter

• Amount rule: Field sampling and crop-cycle reconciliation

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils

• Range: Provisional field-residue and loss QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 10000
  • Unit: kg dry matter
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Elementary flows

Direct nitrous oxide from managed soil (direct_soil_n2o)

Calculate direct N2O from actual nutrient and crop-residue nitrogen records using the selected IPCC tier.

• Selected flow: Dinitrogen monoxide to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg N2O

• Amount rule: IPCC managed-soil calculation with N2O-N to N2O conversion

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: method_formula

• Collection protocol: cp_crop_cycle_records

• Sources: ipcc-2019-managed-soils

• Range: Provisional direct-soil-N2O QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30
  • Unit: kg N2O
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Process: Lift or dig and recover pods (lift_and_recover)

Inputs

Product flows

Mature crop received (mature_crop_received)

Receive the mature crop from crop_production and preserve the field and crop-cycle link.

• Selected flow: Mature Bambara bean crop with subterranean pods

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Equal to the linked mature_crop_handoff

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot_records

• Range: Provisional received-crop reconciliation screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 15000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Electricity, medium voltage input (harvest_energy)

Include this conditional card only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg lifted pod lot.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot_records

Diesel fuel input (harvest_energy_diesel)

Include this conditional card only when Diesel fuel is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg lifted pod lot.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot_records

Manual crop harvesting service (harvest_non_energy_service)

Record Manual crop harvesting service only when this material crosses the declared process boundary. Retain lot, physical state, composition where relevant, and actual destination. Record other materials independently rather than treating this card as a selector or material bundle. Raw activity or stage basis: per kg lifted pod lot.

• Selected flow: Manual crop harvesting service
• Flow property / unit: Service / worker-hour
• Amount rule: Measured net quantity of Manual crop harvesting service, reconciled to the linked lot and process balance, then normalized once to the declared reference output; retain moisture and any density conversion evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: process_output
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot_records

Animal-traction crop harvesting service (harvest_non_energy_service_animal_harvest)

Record Animal-traction crop harvesting service only when this material crosses the declared process boundary. Retain lot, physical state, composition where relevant, and actual destination. Record other materials independently rather than treating this card as a selector or material bundle. Raw activity or stage basis: per kg lifted pod lot.

• Selected flow: Animal-traction crop harvesting service
• Flow property / unit: Service / operating hour
• Amount rule: Measured net quantity of Animal-traction crop harvesting service, reconciled to the linked lot and process balance, then normalized once to the declared reference output; retain moisture and any density conversion evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: process_output
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Intended output: lifted pod lot with adhering soil (lifted_pod_lot)

Record collected pods before soil removal and pod detachment and hand them to pod_conditioning.

• Selected flow: Lifted Bambara bean pods with adhering soil

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed lifted pod lot

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot_records

• Sources: sa-dard-bambara-2020; tanzania-naliendele-2001

• Range: Provisional lifted-pod-lot QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 5000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Removed haulm with beneficial destination (haulm_coproduct)

Record haulm as a co-product only with a documented feed, bedding or other beneficial hand-off; otherwise classify it as returned residue or waste.

• Selected flow: Bambara bean haulm

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg dry matter

• Amount rule: Moisture-corrected removed haulm by destination

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot_records

• Sources: sa-dard-bambara-2020

• Range: Provisional removed-haulm QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 10000
  • Unit: kg dry matter
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Waste flows

Unrecovered pods and harvest rejects (harvest_loss)

Record pods left in soil, spill, and immature or damaged pods rejected in the field; exclude them from accepted output.

• Selected flow: Bambara bean harvest loss

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Field sampling plus lifted-lot reconciliation

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_lot_records

• Range: Provisional harvest-loss QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Elementary flows

Process: Primary conditioning, preservation and stabilization of pods (pod_conditioning)

Inputs

Product flows

Lifted pod lot received (lifted_pod_lot_received)

Receive the linked lifted lot with field, crop-cycle and harvest-lot identifiers.

• Selected flow: Lifted Bambara bean pods with adhering soil

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Equal to the linked lifted_pod_lot

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg dry pod output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_pod_conditioning_records

• Range: Provisional received-lot QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 5
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per kg dry pod output
  • Basis kind: process_output
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Electricity, medium voltage input (conditioning_energy)

Include this conditional card only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg dry pod output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_pod_conditioning_records

Diesel fuel input (conditioning_energy_diesel)

Include this conditional card only when Diesel fuel is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg dry pod output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_pod_conditioning_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Stabilized dry pods (dry_pods)

Record clean detached dry pods as the intermediate handed to shelling; dry pods are not the CPC 01708 reference product.

• Selected flow: Bambara bean dry pods, intermediate

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed output at measured moisture

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: product_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg dry pod output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_pod_conditioning_records

• Sources: tanzania-naliendele-2001; fao-pulse-loss-2020

• Range: Dry-pod output reconciliation range

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per kg dry pod output
  • Basis kind: process_output
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Waste flows

Detached soil, debris and pod rejects (conditioning_debris_rejects)

Record soil, roots, plant debris, spill, mouldy or damaged pods separately by return, recovery, downgrade or discard destination.

• Selected flow: Pod-conditioning debris and rejects

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed streams by state and destination

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg dry pod output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_pod_conditioning_records

• Range: Provisional conditioning-reject QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 3
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per kg dry pod output
  • Basis kind: process_output
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Elementary flows

Water evaporated during pod drying (pod_drying_water)

Calculate removed water from paired input/output mass and moisture measurements; do not classify it as product loss.

• Selected flow: Water to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Determine supported evaporation on a closed water-mass control volume: incoming material water + actual added water + opening water stock - water in all accepted/co-product/reject/residue exits - separate liquid discharge/exports - closing water stock. Use measured wet mass times wet-basis moisture for each material stream, and compatible density for liquid volumes. Internal recirculation cancels. Retain actual rain/rewetting where relevant; total fresh/dry mass difference is not all water. Independently support all terms and the evaporation pathway; investigate an unexplained or negative balance rather than force it into a vapour release or clip it to zero. Keep water quantities distinct from dry-solids loss and other volatiles. Attribute and normalize the evidenced water release once using the original matched final reference.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg dry pod output.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_pod_conditioning_records

• Sources: fao-grain-handling

• Range: Provisional pod-drying-water QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg water
  • Basis: per kg dry pod output
  • Basis kind: process_output
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Process: Shell dry pods (shell_dry_pods)

Inputs

Product flows

Dry-pod input to shelling (dry_pods_shelling_inputs)

Record dry pods by originating conditioning lot.

• Selected flow: Dry Bambara bean pods

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: measured dry-pod input by shelling batch

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg accepted shelled seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_shelling_records

• Sources:

• Range: Provisional dry-pod input screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 12
  • Unit: kg dry pods/kg accepted shelled seed
  • Basis: one shelling batch
  • Basis kind: process_output
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Electricity, medium voltage input (shelling_energy)

Include this conditional card only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg accepted shelled seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_shelling_records

Diesel fuel input (shelling_energy_diesel)

Include this conditional card only when Diesel fuel is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg accepted shelled seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_shelling_records

Manual shelling service (manual_shelling_service)

Record manual shelling separately when it is represented as a Product-service exchange.

• Selected flow: Manual shelling service

• Flow property / unit: Service / service-hour

• Amount rule: measured manual service by shelling batch

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg accepted shelled seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_shelling_records

• Sources:

• Range: Provisional manual-shelling service screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 12
  • Unit: service-hour/kg accepted shelled seed
  • Basis: one shelling batch
  • Basis kind: process_output
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Dry shelled seed (dry_shelled_seed)

Record intact dry seed at the shelling hand-off to final cleaning and grading.

• Selected flow: Bambara beans, dry, shelled

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed intact shelled-seed output

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: product_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg accepted shelled seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_shelling_records

• Range: Shelled-seed output reconciliation range

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 1
  • Upper: 1
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per kg accepted shelled seed
  • Basis kind: process_output
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Shells with beneficial destination (shell_coproduct)

Record shells as a co-product only with a documented beneficial destination; otherwise route them as waste.

• Selected flow: Bambara bean shells

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg dry matter

• Amount rule: Weighed shells by destination

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg accepted shelled seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_shelling_records

• Sources: feedipedia-bambara-byproducts-2016

• Range: Provisional shell co-product QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 2
  • Unit: kg dry matter
  • Basis: per kg accepted shelled seed
  • Basis kind: process_output
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Waste flows

Broken seed, rejects and discarded shells (shelling_rejects)

Record each rejected state and its rework, downgrade, recovery or discard destination; count rework once and only after final acceptance.

• Selected flow: Bambara bean shelling rejects

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed rejected material by state and destination

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per kg accepted shelled seed.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: process_output

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_shelling_records

• Range: Provisional shelling-reject QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 0.5
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per kg accepted shelled seed
  • Basis kind: process_output
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Elementary flows

Process: Cleaning, grading and sorting with conditional final drying (clean_grade_final_dry)

Inputs

Product flows

Shelled-seed lot input (shelled_lot_input)

Receive dry shelled seed from shelling as a mass-linked lot.

• Selected flow: Dry shelled Bambara bean lot

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: measured linked-lot input

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: product_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_final_lot_records

• Sources: fao-pulse-loss-2020; fao-grain-handling

• Range: Provisional shelled-lot input screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 1500
  • Unit: kg shelled lot/1,000 kg accepted product
  • Basis: one final-conditioning lot
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Electricity, medium voltage input (final_conditioning_energy)

Include this conditional card only when Electricity, medium voltage is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Electricity, medium voltage used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_final_lot_records

Diesel fuel input (final_conditioning_energy_diesel)

Include this conditional card only when Diesel fuel is actually used in the declared process. For every other actual product or carrier, create a separate atomic exchange with its own identity and measured amount; do not infer its use from this example.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Measured quantity of Diesel fuel used by this process and period; report zero or not applicable only when the route records establish absence.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: technology_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_final_lot_records

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted dry shelled Bambara beans at farm gate (reference_bambara_beans)

This is the sole reference-product hand-off and excludes every pod, shell, downgraded, broken, damaged and rejected state.

• Selected flow: Bambara beans, dry 855d61a4-389d-4db6-bbbd-c4f817ae16b4

• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg Raw output measurement and reconciliation: 1,000 kg accepted dry shelled-seed lot at measured moisture

• Amount rule: 1000 kg

• Value mode: fixed_value

• Specificity: product_specific Raw activity or stage basis: reference flow.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: identity_reference

• Range: Reference-flow identity range

  • Range role: allowed_range
  • Lower: 1000
  • Upper: 1000
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: reference flow
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Downgraded dry seed (downgraded_seed)

Record saleable off-grade seed separately with its grade and destination; it is not reference product.

• Selected flow: Downgraded dry Bambara bean seed

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed downgraded output by grade and destination

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: product_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_final_lot_records

• Range: Provisional downgraded-seed QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 500
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Waste flows

Foreign matter, damaged seed and final rejects (final_rejects)

Record material failing accepted or downgrade states with its recovery, feed or disposal destination.

• Selected flow: Bambara bean cleaning and grading rejects

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Weighed reject streams by state and destination

• Value mode: foreground_record

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: collected_record

• Collection protocol: cp_final_lot_records

• Sources: fao-pulse-loss-2020

• Range: Provisional final-reject QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 500
  • Unit: kg
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

Elementary flows

Water evaporated during final drying (final_drying_water)

Record only when final drying is active and calculate from paired mass and moisture measurements.

• Selected flow: Water to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg

• Amount rule: Determine supported evaporation on a closed water-mass control volume: incoming material water + actual added water + opening water stock - water in all accepted/co-product/reject/residue exits - separate liquid discharge/exports - closing water stock. Use measured wet mass times wet-basis moisture for each material stream, and compatible density for liquid volumes. Internal recirculation cancels. Retain actual rain/rewetting where relevant; total fresh/dry mass difference is not all water. Independently support all terms and the evaporation pathway; investigate an unexplained or negative balance rather than force it into a vapour release or clip it to zero. Keep water quantities distinct from dry-solids loss and other volatiles. Attribute and normalize the evidenced water release once using the original matched final reference.

• Value mode: calculated_value

• Specificity: site_specific Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: reference_flow

• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection

• Collection protocol: cp_final_lot_records

• Sources: fao-grain-handling

• Range: Provisional final-drying-water QA screen

  • Range role: qa_guardrail
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 500
  • Unit: kg water
  • Basis: per 1,000 kg accepted reference product
  • Basis kind: reference_flow
  • Evidence kind: reasoned_estimate

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_avoid	All nodes	First avoid allocation by separately metering nodes and linking each crop cycle or lot once.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_intercrop	Intercropped fields	Assign crop-specific inputs directly and shared operations by area, time or another causal driver; shares sum to one.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_residue_status	Haulm and shells	Without evidenced beneficial hand-off a stream is residue/waste with no co-product credit; beneficial hand-off makes it an intended co-product.	iso-14044-2006; feedipedia-bambara-byproducts-2016
allocation_coproduct	Intended co-products	Where subdivision cannot avoid allocation, use contemporaneous farm-gate economic allocation and report mass-allocation sensitivity.	iso-14044-2006
allocation_rework	Rework/rejects	Retain rework burdens in the producing lot, count material only at final disposition, and never count rejects as accepted output.	iso-14044-2006

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Inventory completeness: conditional named cards are examples of individual exchanges, not an exhaustive recipe or a requirement to use those products. Before completing a foreground package, enumerate every actual planting stock, nutrient, crop-protection formulation, asset material, operating service, carrier, packaging material, waste stream and applicable elementary substance separately, using its physical identity, state, native property/unit, origin or receiving compartment, and measured or method-calculated quantity. Missing identity or quantity remains a completeness gap, never an assumed zero. Preserve the actual lot and phase basis; do not sum intermediate transfers as additional final output or duplicate burdens included in purchased services.

Retain raw site, lot, cycle and stage quantities and denominators in each collection protocol. Reconcile stocks, losses, moisture and co-product attribution first, then normalize: normalized exchange = attributable raw exchange × declared reference quantity / accepted hand-off product quantity on the same boundary and measurement basis. Apply perennial-establishment and shared-operation attribution before this normalization. Never set an internal-transfer quantity equal to the final reference quantity. Per declared reference flow means the amount, unit and product state in section 3; the data package must declare its actual route and gate.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_crop_cycle_records	crop_production	All crop inputs/outputs	Field logs, invoices, meters and yield records	field; cycle; area; route; input product and composition; water; energy; yield; residues; loss; emission method	Link every event to harvested field; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum then normalize by accepted product; causal attribution for intercrop	original unit	event/cycle	full cycle	field	per declared reference flow	invoices, calibration, labels, area and yield records
cp_harvest_lot_records	lift_and_recover	Harvest inputs/outputs	Harvest log, scales and samples	field; lot; method; energy; pod; haulm; soil; loss; destinations	Link each lot to one field; Raw aggregation and attribution: reconcile collected and uncollected states	kg; MJ	lot	campaign	field/technology	per declared reference flow	scale checks, sampling and receipts
cp_pod_conditioning_records	pod_conditioning	Conditioning inputs/outputs	Lot sheet, scales, moisture and equipment logs	input/output mass/moisture; route; energy; debris; reject; time ; all input/output water including rejects/residues; actual added/rain water; separate liquid exports; opening/closing water stock; moisture and density; supported evaporation	Measure every state; Raw aggregation and attribution: dry-solids balance then normalize	kg; %; MJ	lot	all lots	site/route	per declared reference flow	calibration, route log and closure
cp_shelling_records	shell_dry_pods	Shelling inputs/outputs	Batch sheet and destinations	pod mass/moisture; route; energy; seed; shells; rejects; rework	Measure every batch; Raw aggregation and attribution: balance and count rework once	kg; %; MJ	batch	all shelled lots	sheller	per declared reference flow	calibration, logs and closure
cp_final_lot_records	clean_grade_final_dry	Final lot inputs/outputs	Grade sheet, scales, moisture and dispatch	shell state; mass/moisture; grade; energy; accepted; downgrade; reject; rework ; all input/output water including rejects/residues; actual added/rain water; separate liquid exports; opening/closing water stock; moisture and density; supported evaporation	Measure every state; Raw aggregation and attribution: balance then normalize to 1,000 kg	kg; %; MJ	lot	all sales lots	site/route	per declared reference flow	calibration, grade and dispatch records
cp_phase1_environment_coverage	crop_production	managed environmental coverage by actual node	site/activity/method ledger	site and actual managed nodes; area; dated occupation intervals; co-users; establishment/immature history; actual prior/current land classes and transformation dates/areas; carbon-method coverage; upstream land coverage	Collect original records by the actual responsible production node and matched lot/period; retain provenance, method applicability and uncertainty. Reconcile with existing protocols and provider coverage, do not add duplicate events. Explicitly document inapplicability; absent evidence is a gap.	native activity units; kg N or substance; area/time as applicable	event and annual/lot reconciliation	matched production/cohort period	all actual managed-production nodes	apply applicable coverage calculations then final normalization once	original records, method worksheets and applicability evidence

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_reference_normalization	All cards	amount / accepted mass × 1,000 kg	linked amount; accepted mass	amount per reference flow
calc_moisture_balance	Drying	dry solids = wet mass × (1 − moisture fraction); water loss from paired states	mass, moisture, removed matter	corrected mass and water to air	fao-grain-handling
calc_shelling_balance	Shelling	pods = seed + shells + rejects + moisture change within uncertainty	batch states	shelling yield and residues	feedipedia-bambara-byproducts-2016
calc_managed_soil_n2o	Crop production	selected IPCC tier using actual synthetic/organic N and residue N; convert N2O-N to N2O	nutrient composition; residues; area; factors	kg N2O	ipcc-2019-managed-soils
calc_intercrop_attribution	Shared operations	shared amount × disclosed causal share; shares sum to one	shared record and driver	Bambara share	iso-14044-2006
chemical_species_mass_accounting	elementary_nutrient_emissions	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	cp_crop_cycle_records; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Environmental Coverage Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_managed_land_coverage	actual managed-production nodes	For each actual owned managed-production site, collect the occupied area and dated occupation intervals, including attributable establishment/immature and production periods. Occupation is area multiplied by actual duration, converted explicitly to the selected area-time unit (1 ha = 10,000 m2; time in years); hectares per crop-cycle alone are not an area-time result without duration. Partition or take the union of overlapping establishment/management intervals so the same area-time is counted once, with shares across actual co-users summing to one. Record evidenced land transformation separately by actual from/to land class, event area and date under the declared land-use method; transformation has area units and is not added to occupation. Planting, continued occupation or missing prior-land data do not establish a transformation or zero transformation. Preserve actual historical-event attribution and carbon-stock/emission method coverage where applicable; no invented land conversion or generic carbon credit. Instantiate separate compatible elementary identities with verified UUIDs or explicit unresolved identities; attribute once and normalize to the matched final reference. Purchased completed biological inputs inherit compatible upstream land coverage once instead of duplicating it locally. Missing applicable land identity, area, duration or prior-state evidence remains a completeness gap; documented no transformation is a valid absence.	cp_phase1_environment_coverage	attributed native environmental quantities per matched final reference

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	Product	Verify species, dry and shell states, grade and hand-off; segregate planting seed and processed products.	specification, inspection and dispatch
dq_completeness	System	Cover all contributing fields/lots and reconcile pods, seed, haulm, shells, debris, rework, rejects and losses.	linked node balances
dq_nutrients	Nutrient supply	Retain every concrete product and composition inside the one card and resolve final exchanges to UUIDs.	invoices, labels and applications
dq_measurement	Quantities	Preserve raw units, instrument checks, method and uncertainty.	calibration and workbook
dq_routes	Alternatives	Keep sole/intercrop, manual/mechanized, ambient/heated shelling and active/inactive final-drying routes distinct.	route codes

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_identity	Reference flow	Fail when UUID, mass property/group, species, dry/shell state, moisture basis or farm-gate hand-off is missing.
validate_route_topology	Process map	Require production, independent harvest, pod conditioning, shelling and grading for the dry shelled reference product.	sa-dard-bambara-2020; fao-pulse-loss-2020
validate_nutrient_cardinality	Crop inputs	Verify each actual exchange against its concrete flow UUID, physical state, property and unit; preserve explicit unresolved identities when confirmation is unavailable.
validate_mass_balance	Lots	Input equals accepted, co-product, downgrade, reject, debris, loss and moisture change within disclosed uncertainty.
validate_grade_handoffs	Grading	Require accepted, downgraded and rejected destinations and exclude rejects from reference output.	fao-pulse-loss-2020
validate_rework	Rework	Require producing-lot link, one final disposition and no duplicated output or burden.
validate_multioutput	Haulm/shells	Require intended-product, residue or waste status, destination and attribution decision before credit.	iso-14044-2006; feedipedia-bambara-byproducts-2016
validate_run_attribution	Cycles/lots	Require indexing and shares that reconcile to one; count shared burden once.
validate_range_condition	Conditional cards	Shelling ranges always apply; final-drying ranges apply only when final drying is active and use zero when inactive. Provisional ranges are QA screens, not limits.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground farm-production and conditioning dataset for mature dry Bambara beans
downstream_use	secondary_dataset or background_dataset when geography, shelled state and route match
allowed_use	Dry shelled Vigna subterranea seed at farm gate with matching qualifiers
excluded_use	Fresh, planting-seed, cooked, roasted, milled, canned, oil and post-farm activities
required_metadata	Geography; crop year; area; route; yield; irrigation; nutrient products/composition; technologies; shell state; moisture; grade; destinations; allocation; coverage
required_quality_disclosure	Primary-data share, estimates, calibration, balance closure, representativeness, UUID gaps, allocation sensitivity and unresolved destinations
update_trigger	Material change in product state, geography, yield, field practice, technology, grade, residue market, allocation, emission method or upstream data

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
fao-forgotten-foods-2023	official_guidance	FAO, Compendium of Forgotten Foods (2023), https://openknowledge.fao.org/3/cc5044en/cc5044en.pdf	Identity, dry seed and exclusions
sa-dard-bambara-2020	extension_guidance	North West Province DARD, Bambara Groundnut: A Crop for the Future (2020), https://dard.nwpg.gov.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Bambara-groundnut-a-crop-for-the-future.pdf	Subterranean pods, lifting, inputs and residues
sa-daff-bambara-2016	extension_guidance	South Africa DAFF, Bambara Groundnuts Production Guideline (2016), https://nda.gov.za/phocadownloadpap/Brochures_and_Production_Guidelines/Bambara.pdf	Field management, nutrients and water
tanzania-naliendele-2001	official_guidance	Tanzania MAFS/Naliendele, Farmer seed experts... (2001), https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/esw/esw_new/documents/Links/Publications_Tanzania/38_Farmer_seed_experts_Naliendele.pdf	Digging/lifting, drying and storage
fao-pulse-loss-2020	official_guidance	FAO, Improving the Storability and Availability of Pulses by Reducing Post-Harvest Losses (2020), https://www.fao.org/platform-food-loss-waste/resources/news/news-detail/COVID-19-Series-Improving-the-Storability-and-Availability-of-Pulses-by-Reducing-Post-Harvest-Losses/en	Harvest, drying, cleaning and damage control
fao-grain-handling	handbook	FAO, Farm structures in tropical climates, Chapter 9, https://www.fao.org/4/s1250e/S1250E0u.htm	Moisture, drying and storage quality
ipcc-2019-managed-soils	method_factor	IPCC 2019 Refinement, Volume 4 Chapter 11, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch11_Soils_N2O_CO2.pdf	Managed-soil N2O and residue N
feedipedia-bambara-byproducts-2016	literature	INRAE/CIRAD/AFZ/FAO Feedipedia (2016), https://feedipedia.review.fao.org/node/529	Shell/offal states and feed destinations
iso-14044-2006	standard	ISO 14044:2006, confirmed 2022, https://www.iso.org/standard/38498.html	Allocation and inventory treatment