Artichokes

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers commercial production of fresh, unprocessed artichoke flower buds from field or protected-cultivation establishment through stand management, irrigation, nutrient and crop-protection applications, harvest, grading, optional washing or cooling, primary packing, and hand-off at the declared farm gate or pack-house gate. It covers annual seeded or transplanted crops and perennial crown or division plantings when the production route and crop-cycle attribution are declared. Artichoke seed, crowns, and nursery production, mature opened flowers, canned, frozen, dried, marinated, or cooked artichokes, retail, consumer storage, and consumption are excluded. Packing, washing, cooling, and purchased transport are included only when they occur before the declared gate.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.products-of-agriculture-horticulture-and-market-gardening.artichokes
classification_refs	CPC 3.0:01216 Artichokes; mapping relation: exact
covered_products	Fresh, unprocessed artichoke flower buds delivered at the declared farm-gate or pack-house gate
excluded_products	Artichoke seed and planting material, opened flowers, canned, frozen, dried, marinated, cooked, or otherwise processed artichokes, and downstream retail or consumption
representative_product	Marketable fresh artichoke buds meeting the declared size, maturity, firmness, trimming, cleanliness, and grade requirements
production_route	Seeded, transplanted, crown, or division establishment; managed vegetative growth; irrigation, nutrient, weed, and pest management; bud harvest; grading; optional washing, cooling, and primary packing
market_state	Fresh, unprocessed artichoke buds in loose, bunched, crate, carton, or other declared primary-packaging state at the farm or pack-house gate

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Marketable fresh artichoke buds at the declared farm-gate or pack-house gate
How much	1,000 kg
How well	Fresh and unprocessed, with declared species or cultivar group, bud maturity, size or grade, stem length, cleanliness, trimming, wash and cooling state, and packaging state
How long or cycle	One declared annual crop cycle or one declared production year of a perennial stand, including all harvest flushes attributed to that cycle
reference_flow_link	fresh_artichokes_gate_output

Field	Value
Reference amount	1000
Reference product flow	Artichokes 5e964a73-63a6-458b-a013-9785e776c3b6
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	production geography; annual or perennial route; cultivar or variety group; seed, transplant, crown, or division establishment; planting or regrowth date; harvest dates and flushes; declared gate; bud size, maturity, firmness, and grade; stem and trimming state; irrigation source and method; nutrient basis; crop-protection program; washing and cooling state; packaging state; residue and reject fate

When constructing a foreground data package, the items listed in Required qualifiers must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, reference flow comment, product description, or an equivalent data package field. Missing required qualifiers make the reference flow definition incomplete for that data package.

This reference UUID denotes the fresh, unprocessed farm-gate product. Verify actual species, product state and handoff before applying the binding. An independent pack-house, further-processed or otherwise incompatible output requires separately verified identity and must not inherit this UUID. Identity verification does not change the actual system boundary or quantity-normalization requirements of this PCR.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_artichoke_mass	marketable buds and harvest records	Mass	kg	Keep gross bud harvest, marketable fresh buds, unmarketable buds, trimming, soil or foreign material, and field residue as separate measured or calculated quantities.
crop_cycle_normalization	field, protected-cultivation, and perennial-stand records	Area and mass	ha and kg	Record inputs and harvests by field, bed, protected unit, or perennial stand and normalize them to the marketable output attributed to the same declared crop cycle or production year.
nutrient_product_basis	fertilizer, manure, compost, and other nutrient inputs	Mass of product and declared nutrient	kg product, kg N, kg P2O5, or kg K2O	Give every actual fertilizer or amendment product its own card, retaining physical product mass, formulation, nutrient composition and application records. Nutrient quantities are not additional inputs of the same product; collection or group identifiers cannot substitute for a concrete flow identity.
water_volume_basis	irrigation and post-harvest washing water	Volume	m3	Record delivered crop irrigation and post-harvest washing water separately using meter records or a documented water balance.
perennial_stand_attribution	perennial artichoke stands	Area-time and mass	ha*a and kg	Attribute cutback, dormancy, regrowth, and harvest inputs to the declared production year; disclose stand age and treatment of establishment burdens.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Prepared production bed or protected-cultivation unit receiving artichoke seed, transplant, crown, or division material, with prior land use and excluded infrastructure work disclosed
starting_condition_role	Start of the declared annual crop cycle or perennial production-year accounting
product_classification_scope	Fresh artichokes under CPC 3.0:01216 through the declared farm-gate or pack-house gate
recursive_input_rule	Purchased artichoke seed, transplants, crowns, or divisions are upstream product inputs linked once; their own production is outside this PCR unless a separate upstream dataset is supplied.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Require upstream datasets for planting material, fertilizers and amendments, crop-protection products, irrigation water, energy, packaging, and purchased transport or treatment services when used.
disclosure	Declare geography, annual or perennial route, stand age, establishment material, crop dates or production year, irrigation source and method, nutrient basis, crop-protection program, harvest flushes, yield and reject reconciliation, washing and cooling, packaging, residue fate, and gate location.

Boundary Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_crop_cycle	establishment and stand management	Include bed preparation, establishment or perennial regrowth, crop management, crop-cycle inputs, and harvest preparation that produce the declared fresh artichoke output; disclose prior land use and exclude unrelated infrastructure construction.	ucanr-artichoke-production-2008; ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
boundary_gate_conditioning	harvest and primary conditioning	End the foreground system at the declared farm-gate or pack-house gate and include cutting, grading, trimming, washing, cooling, and primary packing when they occur before that gate.	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
boundary_soil_nitrogen	fertilizer, crop residues, and managed soil	Estimate applicable direct and indirect nitrogen emissions using one declared method and the recorded nutrient inputs and residue fate; avoid double counting a nitrogen pathway.	ipcc-2019-refinement-nitrogen
boundary_residue_fate	field residue, rejects, and trim	Record field return, composting, feed use, treatment, or disposal separately; a material with no demonstrated productive use remains a residue or waste flow.	ucanr-artichoke-weed-management-2005; ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
crop_establishment	Artichoke crop establishment	required	every represented sowing, transplanting, crown planting, or division establishment	foreground crop establishment	established field, bed, protected unit, or perennial stand
crop_management	Artichoke stand management	required	each represented annual crop cycle or perennial production year	foreground managed biological production	managed area and crop-cycle or production-year harvest
harvest_and_gate_preparation	Artichoke harvest and gate preparation	required	each represented harvest campaign and declared gate	foreground harvest, conditioning, packing, and gate hand-off	1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes

Process: Artichoke crop establishment (crop_establishment)

Inputs

Product flows

Urea fertilizer (crop_establishment_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_urea)

Collection scope and applicability for crop_establishment_agricultural_nutrient_inputs. The following concrete identities have separate cards and apply only when use or generation is evidenced inside the original process scope. They are not mandatory inputs or a default recipe. Document non-use; missing records are not zero. Add a separate concrete card for any other actual material instead of substituting one of these names or UUIDs. Preserve attribution and boundaries and avoid double counting components included in outsourced services.

Collect each fertilizer product separately. Preserve each actual product identity, quantity, formulation, nutrient composition, application event, and allocation; do not count a compound product more than once. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes attributed to the same crop cycle or production year.

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the product UUID does not establish actual use or upstream-provider compatibility. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Urea 3f8850c0-f718-4c4b-8fcb-8fd42e03aa8e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-fertilizer-identities

Use this product identity only when the actual formulation and grade are compatible. Retain supplier composition and mass records; do not substitute nutrient mass, dilute solution mass or service activity for the product mass. The UUID alone supplies neither a dose nor an emission factor.

Ammonium sulfate fertilizer (crop_establishment_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_ammonium_sulfate)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the product UUID does not establish actual use or upstream-provider compatibility. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Ammonium sulfate 8c6f0cbb-16d7-4dc9-8d55-e8dea17d7faf
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-fertilizer-identities

Use this product identity only when the actual formulation and grade are compatible. Retain supplier composition and mass records; do not substitute nutrient mass, dilute solution mass or service activity for the product mass. The UUID alone supplies neither a dose nor an emission factor.

Triple superphosphate fertilizer (crop_establishment_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_triple_superphosphate)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Triple superphosphate fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-fertilizer-identities

Potassium chloride fertilizer (crop_establishment_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_potassium_chloride)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Potassium chloride fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-fertilizer-identities

Cattle manure applied as fertilizer (crop_establishment_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_cattle_manure)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Cattle manure applied as fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-organic-nutrients

Composted plant residues applied to soil (crop_establishment_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_plant_compost)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Composted plant residues applied to soil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-organic-nutrients

Flow: Establishment irrigation water (establishment_irrigation_water)

Record water delivered for bed preparation, crown or transplant establishment, and early stand establishment separately from later crop irrigation.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: Metered or water-balance estimate for establishment irrigation by field, bed, protected unit, or stand.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes attributed to the same crop cycle or production year.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_irrigation_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-production-2008

• Range: Provisional establishment-water estimate; original endpoint support unresolved

  • Range role: Typical range (typical_range)
  • Lower: 200
  • Upper: 600
  • Unit: m3/ha
  • Basis: delivered irrigation during establishment before full canopy development
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Diesel fuel (establishment_machinery_fuel_diesel)

Only for documented diesel-powered machinery within this operation. Retain fuel grade and formulation; convert recorded volume with measured or supplier-supported density. Other powertrains require their actual carrier, not a diesel equivalent. Apply establishment_machinery_fuel_specific_input; this example is not mandatory. Do not double count inclusive machinery services or a purchased-electricity supply for electricity transferred internally from an on-site generator. Actual fuel combustion and generator emissions remain separately accountable.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel 9d258d75-6792-4f1c-9856-81602ed8f816
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect this carrier under cp_field_energy_records for crop_establishment. Attribute shared use once; scale attributed raw quantity by the declared reference amount divided by matched accepted final output quantity in the same product unit, retaining measured stage throughput and original allocation rules. Do not normalize an already normalized amount again.
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_field_energy_records
• Sources: route-energy-fao

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Flow: Occupation of artichoke production area (establishment_land_occupation)

Record the field or protected area and represented duration used for establishment and the declared crop cycle or perennial production year.

• Selected flow: Occupation, agricultural land

• Flow property / unit: Area-time / m2*a

• Amount rule: Declared productive area multiplied by the represented crop-cycle or production-year duration.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-production-2008

• Range: Production-area screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.1
  • Upper: 10
  • Unit: ha per 1,000 kg marketable output
  • Basis: broad site-yield screen pending field and harvest records
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Outputs

Product flows

Flow: Established artichoke stand (established_artichoke_stand)

Record the established annual crop or perennial stand state handed from establishment to management; do not count it as marketable artichoke output.

• Selected flow: Established artichoke crop or perennial stand

• Flow property / unit: Area or number / ha or viable plants

• Amount rule: Record the established area or stand count that remains in production after establishment losses.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes attributed to the same crop cycle or production year.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_records

• Range: Established-stand screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 85
  • Upper: 100
  • Unit: percent of planted area
  • Basis: retained stand after establishment
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Flow: Discarded planting material (discarded_planting_material)

Record planting material discarded at establishment when it is not planted and has a distinct fate.

• Selected flow: Discarded artichoke planting material

• Flow property / unit: Mass or number / kg or viable units

• Amount rule: Weigh or count discarded material and record its destination separately from planted material.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes attributed to the same crop cycle or production year.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_establishment_records

• Range: Establishment discard screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 15
  • Unit: percent of purchased planting material
  • Basis: documented lot loss, damage, and planting reconciliation
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Artichoke stand management (crop_management)

Inputs

Product flows

Urea fertilizer (crop_management_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_urea)

Collection scope and applicability for crop_management_agricultural_nutrient_inputs. The following concrete identities have separate cards and apply only when use or generation is evidenced inside the original process scope. They are not mandatory inputs or a default recipe. Document non-use; missing records are not zero. Add a separate concrete card for any other actual material instead of substituting one of these names or UUIDs. Preserve attribution and boundaries and avoid double counting components included in outsourced services.

Collect each fertilizer product separately. Preserve each actual product identity, quantity, formulation, nutrient composition, application event, and allocation; do not count a compound product more than once. Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the product UUID does not establish actual use or upstream-provider compatibility. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Urea 3f8850c0-f718-4c4b-8fcb-8fd42e03aa8e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-fertilizer-identities

Use this product identity only when the actual formulation and grade are compatible. Retain supplier composition and mass records; do not substitute nutrient mass, dilute solution mass or service activity for the product mass. The UUID alone supplies neither a dose nor an emission factor.

Ammonium sulfate fertilizer (crop_management_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_ammonium_sulfate)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the product UUID does not establish actual use or upstream-provider compatibility. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Ammonium sulfate 8c6f0cbb-16d7-4dc9-8d55-e8dea17d7faf
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-fertilizer-identities

Use this product identity only when the actual formulation and grade are compatible. Retain supplier composition and mass records; do not substitute nutrient mass, dilute solution mass or service activity for the product mass. The UUID alone supplies neither a dose nor an emission factor.

Triple superphosphate fertilizer (crop_management_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_triple_superphosphate)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Triple superphosphate fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-fertilizer-identities

Potassium chloride fertilizer (crop_management_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_potassium_chloride)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Potassium chloride fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-fertilizer-identities

Cattle manure applied as fertilizer (crop_management_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_cattle_manure)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Cattle manure applied as fertilizer
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-organic-nutrients

Composted plant residues applied to soil (crop_management_agricultural_nutrient_inputs_plant_compost)

Confirm identity, grade, state and unit from equipment, supplier and contemporaneous measurements; the UUID remains unverified. Count physical product mass once and retain moisture, N/P/K composition and application events; nutrient quantities are calculated attributes, not additional purchases of the same product. Give unlisted compound and organic fertilizers separate cards identified by formulation or feedstock.

• Selected flow: Composted plant residues applied to soil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect raw quantities for this identity under cp_nutrient_records and calculate the exchange per declared reference flow using the original attribution rules.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records
• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011; fao-organic-nutrients

Flow: Irrigation water during stand management (crop_irrigation_water)

Record irrigation events during vegetative growth, bud development, perennial regrowth, and any declared active production period.

• Selected flow: Irrigation water

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: Sum metered or documented water-balance irrigation deliveries by field, bed, protected unit, or stand.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_irrigation_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-production-2008; shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011

• Range: California irrigated annual/perennial crop water context

  • Range role: Typical range (typical_range)
  • Lower: 4572
  • Upper: 6096
  • Unit: m3/ha/year
  • Basis: UC ANR 7221: perennial 18–24 acre-inches/acre per year (4572–6096 m3/ha/year), annual 20–24 (5080–6096). One inch depth = 254 m3/ha; conditional on irrigation route and rainfall, not a rain-fed minimum or universal validity bound.
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
  • Sources: ucanr-artichoke-production-2008

Diesel fuel (crop_machinery_fuel_diesel)

Only for documented diesel-powered machinery within this operation. Retain fuel grade and formulation; convert recorded volume with measured or supplier-supported density. Other powertrains require their actual carrier, not a diesel equivalent. Apply crop_machinery_fuel_specific_input; this example is not mandatory. Do not double count inclusive machinery services or a purchased-electricity supply for electricity transferred internally from an on-site generator. Actual fuel combustion and generator emissions remain separately accountable.

• Selected flow: Diesel fuel 9d258d75-6792-4f1c-9856-81602ed8f816
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collect this carrier under cp_field_energy_records for crop_management. Attribute shared use once; scale attributed raw quantity by the declared reference amount divided by matched accepted final output quantity in the same product unit, retaining measured stage throughput and original allocation rules. Do not normalize an already normalized amount again.
• Value mode: calculated_value
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: calculated_from_collection
• Collection protocol: cp_field_energy_records
• Sources: route-energy-fao

Flow: Electricity for irrigation and stand management (crop_electricity_input)

Record electricity for pumping, fertigation, protected cultivation, or other in-scope stand-management equipment when it crosses the foreground boundary.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage or applicable supply

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Use a meter record or allocate electricity by pumping hours, flow, area, or throughput with the allocation basis disclosed.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_energy_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-production-2008

• Range: Stand-management electricity screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 100
  • Unit: kWh/ha
  • Basis: pumping and protected-cultivation equipment pending meter records
  • Basis kind: Crop cycle (crop_cycle)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Flow: Occupation of managed artichoke production area (management_land_occupation)

Record the area-time of the actively managed crop or perennial stand; do not count the same area twice if establishment and management are represented as one continuous land-use record.

• Selected flow: Occupation, agricultural land

• Flow property / unit: Area-time / m2*a

• Amount rule: Calculate managed area multiplied by the represented active production duration and reconcile it with establishment land occupation.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_field_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-production-2008

Outputs

Product flows

Flow: Harvest-ready artichoke flower buds (harvest_ready_buds)

Record the mature but uncut buds handed from managed production to harvest, including harvest flush or date and the maturity or grade state used for the gate product.

• Selected flow: Harvest-ready artichoke flower buds

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg wet buds

• Amount rule: Record or calculate harvest-ready bud mass by field, flush, and harvest date before separating marketable output and rejects.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_reconciliation

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

Waste flows

Flow: Artichoke crop residue from cutback or senescence (field_crop_residue)

Record cutback, senesced leaves, stems, and other field residue and identify whether it is returned to soil, composted, removed, or disposed.

• Selected flow: Artichoke crop residue

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg wet residue

• Amount rule: Reconcile pre-harvest biomass, cutback or senescence records, harvested bud mass, and residue destination.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_reconciliation

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-weed-management-2005; ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

Flow: Unmarketable artichoke heads and field loss (unmarketable_heads)

Record buds rejected for maturity, damage, size, disease, frost, or other field causes and document their destination separately from crop residue.

• Selected flow: Unmarketable artichoke heads and field loss

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg wet material

• Amount rule: Weigh or calculate rejected heads and field loss by harvest flush, then reconcile them with gross harvest and marketable buds.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_harvest_reconciliation

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

• Range: Field reject screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 30
  • Unit: percent of gross harvested bud mass
  • Basis: quality and harvest-loss reconciliation pending lot records
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Flow: Direct nitrous oxide from managed soil (direct_n2o_air_output)

Estimate direct soil nitrous oxide from eligible nitrogen inputs and the declared soil, climate, and method parameters.

• Selected flow: Nitrous oxide, emissions to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg N2O

• Amount rule: Apply the selected IPCC-compatible factor to eligible nitrogen inputs and document the factor and climate or soil method in the dataset.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: N input (n_input)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records

• Sources: ipcc-2019-refinement-nitrogen

• Range: Direct nitrous-oxide QA screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: kg N2O/ha
  • Basis: method-dependent managed-soil screening range; replace with declared factor calculation
  • Basis kind: N input (n_input)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Flow: Nitrate to freshwater from field losses (nitrate_freshwater_output)

Calculate nitrate loss from eligible nitrogen surplus using the declared site or method factor; do not infer nitrate loss from fertilizer purchase alone.

• Selected flow: Nitrate, emissions to freshwater

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NO3-

• Amount rule: Calculate from eligible nitrogen surplus and the selected site or method factor, with the nitrogen pathway and receiving compartment documented.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: N input (n_input)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records

• Sources: ipcc-2019-refinement-nitrogen

Flow: Ammonia from managed nutrient inputs (ammonia_air_output)

Estimate ammonia emissions only for nutrient and soil pathways covered by the selected method and recorded application conditions.

• Selected flow: Ammonia, emissions to air

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NH3

• Amount rule: Apply the declared method factor to eligible fertilizer or amendment inputs and disclose the application and incorporation conditions.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: N input (n_input)

• Evidence kind: Method formula (method_formula)

• Collection protocol: cp_nutrient_records

• Sources: ipcc-2019-refinement-nitrogen

Process: Artichoke harvest and gate preparation (harvest_and_gate_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Flow: Harvest-ready artichoke flower buds for conditioning (conditioning_bud_input)

Record the harvest-ready buds received for cutting, grading, trimming, washing, cooling, or primary packing before the declared gate.

• Selected flow: Harvest-ready artichoke flower buds

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg wet buds

• Amount rule: Reconcile received bud mass to field harvest tickets and the conditioning batch record.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes at the declared gate.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

Flow: Water for washing or conditioning (conditioning_water_input)

Record water used for washing, misting, or other primary conditioning only when it occurs before the declared gate.

• Selected flow: Process water

• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3

• Amount rule: Use a meter, batch record, or documented allocation from the conditioning line and keep it separate from field irrigation.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes at the declared gate.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

• Range: Conditioning-water screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0.1
  • Upper: 3
  • Unit: m3 per 1,000 kg gate output
  • Basis: optional washing or conditioning before the declared gate
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Flow: Electricity for cooling and primary packing (conditioning_electricity_input)

Record electricity for cooling, washing pumps, grading, and primary packing when the equipment is inside the declared foreground boundary.

• Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage or applicable supply

• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh

• Amount rule: Allocate meter electricity to the represented conditioning batch by throughput, run time, or equipment record.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes at the declared gate.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_energy_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

• Range: Conditioning electricity screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 2
  • Upper: 25
  • Unit: kWh per 1,000 kg gate output
  • Basis: optional cooling, pumping, grading, and primary-packing energy
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Flow: Fresh artichokes at the declared gate (fresh_artichokes_gate_output)

Record the marketable fresh artichoke buds that meet the declared grade and product-state qualifiers at the farm or pack-house gate.

• Selected flow: Artichokes 5e964a73-63a6-458b-a013-9785e776c3b6
• Flow property/unit: Mass / kg

Original reference-state unit annotation: Mass / kg wet artichokes

Raw output measurement and reconciliation: Use final scale and lot records; normalize all foreground inputs and losses to 1,000 kg of this gate output.

• Amount rule: 1000 kg

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes at declared gate.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_gate_output_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

Waste flows

Flow: Wash water and conditioning wastewater (conditioning_wastewater)

Record wastewater or spent wash water that leaves the conditioning process as a distinct waste stream and document treatment, discharge, or reuse.

• Selected flow: Artichoke wash water and wastewater

• Flow property / unit: Volume or mass / m3 or kg

• Amount rule: Record discharged or reused quantity from the batch water balance; do not count water retained in product as wastewater.

• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)

• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes at the declared gate.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

Flow: Trimming and conditioning rejects (conditioning_rejects)

Record trimmed, damaged, diseased, overmature, or otherwise rejected material removed during grading and conditioning, with its destination.

• Selected flow: Artichoke trimming and conditioning rejects

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg wet material

• Amount rule: Weigh rejects by batch and reconcile them with received buds and marketable gate output.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes at the declared gate.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_postharvest_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

• Range: Conditioning-reject screen

  • Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
  • Lower: 0
  • Upper: 20
  • Unit: percent of received bud mass
  • Basis: grading, trimming, and quality-loss reconciliation
  • Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
  • Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Flow: Final gate rejects and handling loss (final_gate_rejects)

Record material rejected after conditioning or at dispatch and keep its destination separate from field residue and conditioning rejects already recorded.

• Selected flow: Final artichoke rejects and handling loss

• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg wet material

• Amount rule: Reconcile received material, gate output, final rejects, and measured handling loss in the dispatch lot.

• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)

• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific) Raw activity or stage basis: per 1,000 kg marketable fresh artichokes at the declared gate.

• Normalization basis: per declared reference flow

• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)

• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)

• Collection protocol: cp_gate_output_records

• Sources: ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_single_crop_cycle	shared field, bed, protected unit, or perennial stand	Attribute crop-cycle or production-year inputs to artichokes using the recorded area, stand, dates, and marketable output; do not allocate to another crop or year without its own records.	ucanr-artichoke-production-2008
allocation_perennial_stand	perennial artichoke establishment, cutback, dormancy, and regrowth	Disclose stand age and assign establishment or shared stand burdens across the declared production years using a documented attribution rule; do not silently assign all stand establishment to one harvest year.	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
allocation_residue_fate	crop residue, field loss, rejects, and trim	Do not assign a co-product credit to residue or rejects unless a documented recipient, quantity, and intended use exists; otherwise retain the burden with artichoke production and report the fate.	ucanr-artichoke-weed-management-2005

Concrete cards do not inherit numerical ranges from the former aggregate card. Determine quantities from original records, stock/meter reconciliation and the declared reference flow; no default quantity or numeric screen is supplied without evidence matching the identity, unit, period and boundary. Missing range evidence is a quality disclosure, not zero use or proof of completeness.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Specific input identification before dataset completion

Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.

requirement_id	collection_protocol_id	Preserved collection scope
establishment_machinery_fuel_specific_input	cp_field_energy_records	Operation crop_establishment: Record fuel used for bed preparation, planting, transplanting, crown placement, or other establishment operations when field machinery crosses the foreground boundary. Original quantity method: Use a fuel log or equipment activity estimate allocated to the represented field or stand.
crop_protection_input_specific_input	cp_crop_protection_records	Operation crop_management: Record herbicide, insecticide, fungicide, or other crop-protection product by product, active ingredient, application date, target, and treated area. Original quantity method: Supplier invoice, treatment log, and application rate by field or stand; keep product and active-ingredient amounts distinct.
crop_machinery_fuel_specific_input	cp_field_energy_records	Operation crop_management: Record fuel for cultivation, weed control, cutback, ditch maintenance, fertigation support, and other field operations allocated to the declared cycle or production year. Original quantity method: Fuel log or equipment activity estimate allocated by area, operating hours, or field record.
primary_packaging_input_specific_input	cp_packaging_records	Operation harvest_and_gate_preparation: Record crates, pallets, cartons, or other primary packaging only when they are part of the declared gate state, retaining material, unit mass, reuse, and loss information. Original quantity method: Count packaging units, multiply by documented unit mass, and account for reuse cycles or packaging losses.

Retain raw site, lot, cycle and stage quantities and denominators in each collection protocol. Reconcile stocks, losses, moisture and co-product attribution first, then normalize: normalized exchange = attributable raw exchange × declared reference quantity / accepted hand-off product quantity on the same boundary and measurement basis. Apply perennial-establishment and shared-operation attribution before this normalization. Never set an internal-transfer quantity equal to the final reference quantity. Per declared reference flow means the amount, unit and product state in section 3; the data package must declare its actual route and gate.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_establishment_records	crop_establishment	planting material and establishment inputs	planting-material invoice, lot record, and establishment log	lot; material type; viable quantity; field or bed; date; product mass; nutrient amendment	retain supplier record and field establishment record; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum by campaign and normalize to marketable output	seed, plant, crown, division, kg product, kg nutrient	each establishment campaign and application	full represented crop cycle or production year	each field, bed, protected unit, or perennial stand	per declared reference flow	supplier lot trace, application record, and stand reconciliation
cp_irrigation_records	crop_establishment; crop_management	crop irrigation	meter, pump, controller, or water-balance record	source; meter start and end; event date; area; method; rainfall adjustment	meter reading or documented water-balance calculation; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum delivered irrigation by cycle, year, and source	m3	each event or meter period	full represented crop cycle or production year	each field, bed, protected unit, or stand	per declared reference flow	calibrated meter or documented balance inputs
cp_field_energy_records	crop_establishment; crop_management	mobile machinery fuel and field electricity	fuel invoice, equipment activity log, and electricity meter	fuel or electricity; equipment; operation; field; date; allocation basis	supplier record plus equipment or meter log; Raw aggregation and attribution: allocate shared operations by area, hours, flow, or throughput establishment_machinery_fuel_specific_input: Operation crop_establishment: Record fuel used for bed preparation, planting, transplanting, crown placement, or other establishment operations when field machinery crosses the foreground boundary. Original quantity method: Use a fuel log or equipment activity estimate allocated to the represented field or stand. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default. crop_machinery_fuel_specific_input: Operation crop_management: Record fuel for cultivation, weed control, cutback, ditch maintenance, fertigation support, and other field operations allocated to the declared cycle or production year. Original quantity method: Fuel log or equipment activity estimate allocated by area, operating hours, or field record. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	L, kg, MJ, or kWh	each refuelling, operation, or meter period	full represented crop cycle or production year	each artichoke production unit	per declared reference flow	invoice, equipment log, meter record, and allocation calculation
cp_nutrient_records	crop_establishment; crop_management	nutrient inputs and nitrogen basis	nutrient plan, supplier invoice, and application log	product; nutrient concentration; date; area; quantity; method; soil test	reconcile product records with field application records; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum nutrient mass by cycle or year and declared nutrient basis	kg product and kg nutrient	each application	full represented crop cycle or production year	each artichoke production unit	per declared reference flow	soil test, label or supplier specification, and application log
cp_crop_protection_records	crop_management	crop-protection products	treatment log and supplier record	product; active ingredient; rate; area; date; target; equipment	record each application and product lot; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum by product, active ingredient, and cycle or year crop_protection_input_specific_input: Operation crop_management: Record herbicide, insecticide, fungicide, or other crop-protection product by product, active ingredient, application date, target, and treated area. Original quantity method: Supplier invoice, treatment log, and application rate by field or stand; keep product and active-ingredient amounts distinct. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kg product or kg active ingredient	each application	full represented crop cycle or production year	each artichoke production unit	per declared reference flow	application log and product label
cp_field_records	crop_establishment; crop_management	land occupation, area, and stand attribution	field, bed, protected-unit, or perennial-stand register	area; unit; land use; crop dates; stand age; bed identifier; protection structure	verify area, dates, and stand age against production register; Raw aggregation and attribution: calculate area-time and allocate shared stand burdens with the declared rule	ha, m2, days, and years	each crop cycle or production year	full represented cycle or year	each artichoke field, bed, protected unit, or stand	per declared reference flow	field map, register, dates, and stand evidence
cp_harvest_reconciliation	crop_management; harvest_and_gate_preparation	harvest, field residue, and field loss	harvest ticket, scale record, and residue or loss record	field; flush; date; gross mass; marketable mass; residue; loss; destination	weigh each harvest or use documented lot reconciliation; Raw aggregation and attribution: reconcile gross harvest, marketable buds, rejects, residue, and losses	kg wet material	each harvest flush or lot	full represented harvest campaign	each artichoke field, bed, or stand	per declared reference flow	scale record, lot ticket, and destination record
cp_postharvest_records	harvest_and_gate_preparation	washing, wastewater, rejects, and packaging	conditioning batch and utility records	received mass; wash water; discharge; trim; packaging; batch; date; fate	batch record plus meter and packaging allocation; Raw aggregation and attribution: aggregate by batch and normalize to marketable gate output	kg, m3, kWh, and packaging units	each batch or meter period	full represented harvest campaign	each preparation line or pack-house	per declared reference flow	meter record, batch sheet, and waste or treatment receipt
cp_postharvest_energy_records	harvest_and_gate_preparation	cooling, grading, washing, and packing electricity	electricity meter and equipment throughput record	meter period; line; kWh; throughput; cooling duration; batch	meter allocation by throughput or run time; Raw aggregation and attribution: allocate shared electricity by throughput and reconcile to batch output	kWh	each meter period or batch	full represented harvest campaign	each in-scope preparation line	per declared reference flow	meter data and allocation calculation
cp_packaging_records	harvest_and_gate_preparation	primary packaging	packaging specification, bill of materials, and count record	material; unit mass; units; reuse status; batch; output mass	packaging count and specification reconciliation; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum packaging material per gate output and disclose reuse primary_packaging_input_specific_input: Operation harvest_and_gate_preparation: Record crates, pallets, cartons, or other primary packaging only when they are part of the declared gate state, retaining material, unit mass, reuse, and loss information. Original quantity method: Count packaging units, multiply by documented unit mass, and account for reuse cycles or packaging losses. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kg material and units	each packaging lot or batch	full represented harvest campaign	each preparation line	per declared reference flow	supplier specification, count sheet, and reuse declaration
cp_gate_output_records	harvest_and_gate_preparation	marketable output and final rejects	dispatch scale, lot record, and reject record	lot; date; gate; packed mass; grade; reject; destination; gate state	final scale and lot reconciliation; Raw aggregation and attribution: sum marketable output and final reject streams; normalize to 1,000 kg	kg wet artichokes	each dispatch lot	full represented harvest campaign	declared gate	per declared reference flow	calibrated scale or lot record and grade record

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_nutrient_mass	fertilizer, manure, compost, and amendment rows	Product mass multiplied by the documented nutrient fraction; retain original product mass and nutrient basis.	product invoice; nutrient concentration; application record	kg N, kg P2O5, or kg K2O by cycle or year	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
calc_crop_cycle_normalization	all crop-cycle and production-year inputs	Crop-cycle or production-year quantity divided by marketable fresh artichoke mass and multiplied by 1,000 kg.	input record; marketable gate output	normalized quantity per 1,000 kg output
calc_perennial_attribution	perennial stand establishment, cutback, and regrowth	Apply the documented stand-age or production-year attribution rule to shared stand inputs, then reconcile each year to its marketable output.	stand register; dates; input records; annual output	production-year quantity	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
calc_area_time	land occupation	Production area multiplied by represented crop-cycle or production-year duration; disclose protected area treatment.	area register; crop or production dates	area-time quantity	ucanr-artichoke-production-2008
calc_nitrogen_emission	direct soil nitrous oxide and ammonia	Apply the selected IPCC-compatible factor to eligible nutrient inputs and declared soil or climate method; document factors in the dataset.	nutrient records; method choice; soil or climate parameters	kg N2O or kg NH3 emitted	ipcc-2019-refinement-nitrogen
calc_nitrate_loss	nitrate to freshwater	Calculate from eligible nitrogen surplus and selected site or method factor; do not infer loss from purchase alone.	nutrient records; surplus calculation; factor	kg NO3- emitted	ipcc-2019-refinement-nitrogen
calc_gate_mass_balance	harvest and gate preparation	Received bud mass equals marketable gate output plus field or conditioning rejects, residue, wastewater-related solids, and documented handling loss within measurement uncertainty.	harvest tickets; conditioning records; dispatch and reject records	reconciled mass balance	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
planting_material_input_identity_and_fate	crop_establishment	For the original planting_material_input collection role at this operation, identify the actual physical form, species/material, composition, state and supply/treatment boundary before creating exchanges. Each seed lot, transplant, crown, cutting, larval stage, formulation, coating, preservative or separated residue actually used/generated requires its own concrete card where relevant to this role; these examples are alternatives, not a required recipe. Retain existing collection records and route-specific source evidence. Count-based planting records require measured or supplier-supported mass-per-unit when matched to a mass-based provider; retain count and mass as linked attributes rather than two purchases. Do not merge separate husk/shell or separate agents. A real mixed stream requires composition and recipient evidence and is counted once. Before completeness, record every applicable amount and native unit, link a compatible verified UUID or explicitly unresolved identity, preserve stock/return attribution, and normalize the attributable raw quantity once to the accepted reference output. Missing records are not zero; aggregate ranges are not individual-input defaults.	cp_establishment_records	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
chemical_species_mass_accounting	elementary_nutrient_emissions	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	cp_nutrient_records; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
quality_identity	all flow and product records	Declare artichoke form, cultivar group, annual or perennial route, stand age where relevant, gate, bud maturity and grade, wash or cooling state, and packaging state; resolve platform identities during foreground dataset construction where required.	lot record, product description, and reference-flow qualifiers
quality_measurement	inputs and outputs	Prefer calibrated meters, scales, supplier invoices, nutrient plans, and application logs; document estimation and allocation methods where direct measurement is unavailable.	meter calibration, scale record, invoice, or calculation sheet
quality_temporal	crop-cycle or production-year inventory	Cover the full represented establishment, active management, cutback or dormancy where applicable, harvest campaign, and gate preparation period.	establishment dates, application log, irrigation records, harvest tickets, and dispatch records
quality_completeness	crop-cycle or production-year balance	Reconcile planting material, nutrients, irrigation, energy, crop protection, gross buds, marketable output, residue, rejects, wastewater, and packaging streams.	crop-cycle or production-year input and mass reconciliation
quality_disclosure	dataset metadata	Disclose annual or perennial route, stand age, irrigation source, nutrient basis, crop-protection products, harvest flushes, washing, cooling, packaging, and residue or reject destination.	dataset metadata and supporting records

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference_output	reference flow and gate output	The declared reference output must be marketable fresh artichoke buds at the declared gate and use mass in kg; opened flowers, frozen, canned, cooked, or retail products are outside this PCR.	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
validate_crop_cycle_dates	establishment, management, harvest, and gate preparation	Establishment, applications, irrigation, cutback or dormancy, harvest flushes, conditioning, and gate output must fall within the declared crop cycle or production year or be explicitly attributed to it.	ucanr-artichoke-production-2008; ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
validate_nutrient_basis	nutrient inputs and emissions	Product mass, nutrient concentration, nutrient basis, and emission calculation method must be present and internally consistent; do not count product mass and nutrient mass as the same exchange.	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026; ipcc-2019-refinement-nitrogen
validate_mass_balance	harvest and gate preparation	Gross harvest and received mass must reconcile with marketable output, rejects, residues, wastewater-related solids, and losses within the declared measurement uncertainty.	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026
validate_flow_identity_resolution	parameterized rows	Verify each actual exchange against its concrete flow UUID, physical state, property and unit; preserve explicit unresolved identities when confirmation is unavailable.
validate_qualifiers	reference flow and dataset metadata	Required qualifiers must be present, including annual or perennial route, stand age where relevant, bud maturity and grade, harvest flushes, gate, washing, cooling, packaging, and residue or reject fate.	ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	foreground agricultural production dataset for fresh artichokes at a farm-gate or pack-house gate
downstream_use	secondary_dataset for fresh-artichoke product systems; background_dataset only when the provider explicitly publishes a representative regional or market-average dataset with the required metadata
allowed_use	Comparative product studies, crop-cycle or production-year inventory modelling, farm or pack-house improvement, and declared fresh-artichoke supply-chain assessments within the stated geography and product state
excluded_use	Canned, frozen, dried, marinated, cooked, retail, consumption, seed-production, or unqualified vegetable substitution; do not extrapolate across annual and perennial routes without scenario disclosure
required_metadata	product form; cultivar group; annual or perennial route; stand age; geography; dates or production year; harvest flushes; gate; yield; irrigation source and quantity; nutrient basis; crop-protection program; washing and cooling; packaging; residue and reject fate
required_quality_disclosure	temporal coverage, site scope, measurement versus calculated values, stand attribution and allocation rules, mass-balance result, platform identity resolution status, and all provisional estimates requiring replacement by foreground records
update_trigger	change in crop route, stand age, irrigation method, nutrient program, crop-protection program, harvest form, wash or cooling line, packaging format, gate definition, or evidence that changes material quantities or boundary rules

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
ucanr-artichoke-production-2008	literature	University of California ANR, Artichoke Production in California, Publication 7221, revised 2008, https://escholarship.org/content/qt7253845k/qt7253845k.pdf	production route, perennial and annual management, irrigation, and field boundary context
ucanr-artichoke-cultural-tips-2026	official_guidance	UC Statewide IPM Program, Cultural Tips for Growing Artichoke, https://ipm.ucanr.edu/home-and-landscape/cultural-tips-for-growing-artichoke/	establishment, nutrient practice, irrigation principles, harvest maturity, product qualifiers, and gate conditioning context
ucanr-artichoke-weed-management-2005	official_guidance	UC Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture: Artichoke Pest Management Guidelines — Integrated Weed Management, https://ipm.ucanr.edu/agriculture/artichoke/integrated-weed-management/	annual and perennial stand management, weed control, cutback, residue, and crop-protection context
shinohara-artichoke-irrigation-nitrogen-2011	literature	Shinohara, Agehara, Yoo, and Leskovar, Irrigation and Nitrogen Management of Artichoke: Yield, Head Quality, and Phenolic Content, HortScience 46(3), 377–386, https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.46.3.377	irrigation and nitrogen treatment ranges and yield-quality relationship
ipcc-2019-refinement-nitrogen	method_factor	IPCC, 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, https://www.ipcc.ch/report/2019-refinement-to-the-2006-ipcc-guidelines-for-national-greenhouse-gas-inventories/	managed-soil nitrogen-emission method and calculation rules
fao-fertilizer-identities	official_guidance	FAO Fertilizer Specifications, https://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/plantnutrition/fertspecs/en/	conditional concrete identities and method context; does not establish site use or quantities
fao-organic-nutrients	official_guidance	FAO How to Make and Use Compost, https://www.fao.org/4/i2230e/i2230e.pdf	conditional concrete identities and method context; does not establish site use or quantities
route-energy-fao	official_guidance	FAO, Energy-smart food for people and climate (2011), Annex 2; and Energy use in agriculture and industry, Annex IV. https://www.fao.org/4/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf ; https://www.fao.org/4/Q1085e/q1085e0d.htm	Equipment/carrier possibilities only; site records govern applicability. No intensity, fuel share or default recipe is adopted.