Mules and hinnies

Lifecycle status: Candidate
Content maturity: Authored methodology
Current version: No published versionLast updated2026-10-20
Readiness: Review required

Methodology and translation states come from the source record; publishing this website does not change their review status.

Content languages

zh-CN · Aligned

Status, classification and source details

Readiness

Warnings methodology_not_reviewed Authored methodology is candidate guidance and still requires methodology review.

Classification mapping

CPC 3.0:02133 · exact

Source

library/pcrs/agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products/live-animals-and-animal-products-excluding-meat/mules-and-hinniessha256:54013323362c…

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers a living mule or hinny at its actual breeder, rearer or seller-producer handover. A mule is offspring of a horse mare and donkey jack; a hinny is offspring of a donkey jenny and horse stallion. The maternal species changes gestation, nursing, maternal feed, water and manure activity, so these are distinct managed-production routes. The routes are mutually exclusive per offspring but may coexist as separately tracked cohorts. Record verified parent species and sex, hybrid type, age/class, head count, measured live mass and real gate. Parent horses and asses are not the reference good. Exclude slaughter, meat, carcasses and delivered draft or transport service. Purchased hybrid young stock retains upstream burden. FAO equine guidance establishes these parentage and husbandry distinctions (fao-equine-1994).

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	`pcr.agriculture-forestry-and-fishery-products.live-animals-and-animal-products-excluding-meat.mules-and-hinnies`
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 `02133`, Mules and hinnies
covered_products	Living horse–ass hybrid mule or hinny at observed producer handover
excluded_products	Parent horse or ass, carcass, meat, slaughter and work service
representative_product	Accepted live hybrid with declared type and class, measured in kg live mass
production_route	Parent management and mating → foaling/nursing → optional growth → independent live selection/handover; or purchased hybrid young stock → growth → handover
market_state	Living and unprocessed; type, class, count, live mass, condition and gate stated

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Living mule or hinny of declared type at actual producer handover
How much	1 kg weighed accepted live mass, reconciled with animal count
How well	Verified mare/jack or jenny/stallion parentage, type, age/class and condition
How long or cycle	State breeding, gestation, nursing, growth and handover periods actually included; no universal cycle length
reference_flow_link	`reference_product_handover`

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Living mules and hinnies at actual producer handover
Reference flow property	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`
Reference unit group	Mass `93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66`
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	mule or hinny; verified parent species/sex; age/class; count; measured live mass; condition; actual gate; production period

Instantiate one foreground reference from the actual handed-over lot, with all required qualifiers. The category may cover alternative states and producer gates, but each package has one declared species/state/gate/grade stratum and one measured accepted reference-output denominator. Do not pool incompatible states or claim equal service from equal mass. Route-specific source rows and reference_handover describe the same physical boundary event; their linked internal transfer is not another sale or another physical operation.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
`live_mass`	reference and live transfers	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`	kg	Weigh live animals at each real gate and reconcile lot mass with identified head count.
`stock_balance`	each hybrid route	Mass and count	kg; head	Reconcile opening, birth/purchase, transfers, deaths, sales and closing stock by period; do not double-count a transfer.
`parent_service`	parent cohorts	animal-days and resource quantities	head-day; kg	Assign actual gestation/nursing to mare or jenny and allocate sire/shared-parent service by recorded use.
`inventory_reference_normalization`	all inventory rows	Actual flow property	exchange unit per reference flow	The inventory and collection aggregation fields below express final amounts per declared reference flow. Keep all raw collection records, original denominator qualifiers, route/period strata, unit conversions and allocation requirements. For each flow, first obtain its attributable amount in its own numerator unit using the existing rules; then divide by the measured accepted reference-output quantity of the same scope and multiply by the declared reference quantity. Do not mix species, states, gates or incompatible routes; count transfers and shared burdens once. A missing, zero or untraceable accepted-output denominator is a blocking data-quality issue. Keep provisional QA ranges on their explicitly stated bases; they are not conversion factors or production defaults. These are final foreground-package contributions, not replacements for stage quantitative references or stage-native unit-process datasets. Retain stage records separately. Compute normalized amount = attributable raw amount * declared reference quantity / measured accepted final reference-output quantity. Apply normalization exactly once.
`stage_throughput_linkage`	stage records and final package contributions	Actual flow property and its stated raw basis	retain native numerator and stage denominator units	Keep the original lot, event, cohort, period and stage denominators with their units. Reconstruct the attributable numerator A with measured stage quantity Q_stage and documented attribution before final normalization. If a quoted amount a_B corresponds to an explicit stage basis B_stage (for example, 1000 kg), use A = a_B * Q_stage / B_stage. If r_stage is already an intensity in exchange-unit per stage-unit, instead use A = r_stage * Q_stage, with no second division by B_stage. A raw attributable total is used directly. Final contribution = A * declared reference quantity / measured accepted final output. Convert compatible units explicitly and apply each attribution/allocation share exactly once; never treat a quoted amount or intensity as a raw total. Link stage transfers, losses, rejects, stocks, shared services and allocation to the same actual route, period and final-output stratum. For a 1000 kg basis retain 1000 kg explicitly. Do not assume unit yield, equal fresh/dried mass, equal head mass, equal dose quality or interchangeable gates. Missing links, unsupported unit conversion, zero denominators and untraceable allocation block dataset production. Stage-native datasets retain their own stage reference; package contributions are a separate projection.

5. System Boundary

Include upstream purchased animals, feed, forage, water, bedding, electricity, fuel, care materials and services where used, together with parental management, mating, gestation, foaling, nursing, hybrid growth, manure handling, selection and actual live handover. Declare grazing rather than treating it as purchased feed. Attribute shared stables, water infrastructure and equipment once across nodes and periods. Saleable parent culls or manure are independent products only with actual handover; otherwise stock change, residue or waste. Do not claim a hybrid breeding-parent output or universal infertility outcome. Mating/gestation is managed biological production; birth and surviving-foal transfer are independent because they establish a live output with a measured handoff, while final selection is an independent acceptance gate (fao-equine-1994).

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Opening parent and hybrid stock by species/type, age/class, ownership, count, mass and period; identify purchased stock and first foreground stage.
starting_condition_role	Declared foreground start, not zero-burden acquisition.
product_classification_scope	Living horse–ass hybrids only; parent animals keep their own upstream identities.
recursive_input_rule	Purchased mule/hinny young stock carries one upstream dataset to its purchase gate; do not recursively count earlier growth twice.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Purchased animals, feed, materials, utilities and services need compatible upstream datasets or disclosed gaps.
disclosure	Maternal route, actual gate, periods, animal ledger, upstream coverage, co-products and shared-asset attribution.

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`boundary_identity`	all routes	Only living horse–ass hybrids enter the reference output; horse, ass and work-service identities cannot substitute.	`fao-equine-1994`
`boundary_maternal_route`	breeding	Record mare × jack or jenny × stallion as mutually exclusive per offspring, with actual maternal inputs and periods.	`fao-equine-1994`
`boundary_gate`	handover	End at observed live acceptance and exclude downstream work, transport service and slaughter.	`fao-equine-1994`
`reference_handover_linkage`	actual reference-product boundary	Record reference_handover as the same physical producer handover already represented by its source rows. It must not extend the gate or insert new processing, capture, storage, transport, service or capital burdens. For a unit-process projection, keep the actually operated stage references; the handover record may be a boundary interface in the resulting foreground package, not an invented standalone operation. Select one actual qualified route/output stratum; trace matching source and input as internal transfers and expose the accepted reference product once. If the source already ended at this gate, partition its existing handover responsibility without counting it again.

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
`parents`	Manage parents and mate species-identified pair	conditional	Foreground breeding	Maternal gestation and sire service, split by route	per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage
`birth`	Foal, nurse and transfer live hybrid young	conditional	Foreground birth/nursing	Independent live birth and acceptance, losses distinguished	per kg surviving hybrid young transferred
`growth`	Rear hybrid young	conditional	Foreground growth, including purchased stock	Managed growth, resources and manure	per kg living hybrid leaving growth
`handover`	Select, weigh and hand over living hybrid	required	Every route	Independent acceptance and true producer gate	per kg accepted live hybrid at gate
`reference_handover`	Actual producer reference-product handover	required	One actual declared route, state and producer gate per foreground package	Record the existing physical boundary handover once; linkage/accounting responsibility, not additional treatment or distribution	1 kg accepted product at the declared handover

The parents managed-biological node has two evidenced alternatives: mare gestation/nursing for mules versus jenny gestation/nursing for hinnies. This changes maternal activity, ration, manure, period and cohort checks, not just a route label. Different cohorts can coexist at a site but never within one offspring. Birth/transfer and final acceptance are independent collection nodes with distinct live-state handoffs and possible loss. Assign shared stable, pasture, water systems and equipment by actual animal-days, area-time or metered use over the relevant periods; do not book one asset at multiple nodes. Parent culls and independently sold manure are conditional co-products, while deaths and disposed manure are not.

Process: Manage parents and mate species-identified pair (`parents`)

Inputs

Product flows

Parent water supply (`parent_water`)

Meter or record drinking and care water by actual use and parent cohort.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: measured water by use and period Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Supplied water (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utilities
Range: Provisional water completeness screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000
- Unit: kg/kg surviving young
- Basis: per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Maternal care transferred to birth stage (`maternal_service`)

Carry measured gestation and nursing service once to the appropriate mule or hinny cohort; no parent animal sale is implied.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: actual maternal animal-days and resource attribution Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Internal maternal animal service (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Service / head-day
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_animals
Range: Provisional service-accounting screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000
- Unit: head-day/kg surviving young
- Basis: per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Parent manure to actual handling (`parent_manure`)

Record actual manure management path; manure independently sold is a product, not this waste.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: measured or documented path-specific mass Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Equine manure to documented handling (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_manure
Range: Provisional manure completeness screen, not a species factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000
- Unit: kg/kg surviving young
- Basis: per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Parent enteric methane to air (`parent_enteric_ch4`)

Calculate only when parent animal-days, productivity and compatible equine method are documented; specify methane substance and air destination. This is not a fixed species factor.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: documented parent animal activity × compatible route-specific enteric factor Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Methane, biogenic, to air fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a8e8-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_animals
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019
Range: Provisional non-negative investigation screen, not an emission factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg surviving young
- Basis: per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Parent manure methane to air (`parent_manure_ch4`)

Calculate methane only for documented parent manure pathway, animal activity and climate; keep enteric and manure methane separate.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: documented parent manure activity × compatible path-specific CH4 method Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Methane, biogenic, to air fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a8e8-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_manure
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019
Range: Provisional non-negative investigation screen, not an emission factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg surviving young
- Basis: per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Parent manure nitrous oxide to air (`parent_manure_n2o`)

Calculate only for observed manure nitrogen and management path, avoiding duplicate emissions in an upstream treatment dataset.

Coverage of this single N2O card: use calc_manure_n2o_coverage to calculate direct and applicable indirect components separately for the represented node, then report only their non-overlapping molecular-N2O sum assigned to this card. Keep storage and managed-soil calculations distinct. Exclude components explicitly covered by a linked process, retain the coverage evidence, and do not duplicate them as both aggregate and component exchanges. Missing indirect-pathway evidence is not zero.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: observed manure nitrogen × climate/path-compatible N2O method Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Nitrous oxide to air 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c3-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_manure
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019
Range: Provisional non-negative investigation screen, not an emission factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg surviving young
- Basis: per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Coverage of this existing N2O card: retain separate direct-management and applicable indirect volatilisation/leaching calculations in cp_pathway_emissions, and sum only non-overlapping N2O releases assigned to this node. Do not hide an absent indirect-pathway estimate in a direct-only value. Convert raw N2O-N to kg N2O by 44/28 once.

Manure ammonia to air (`review_parents_nh3`)

Use actual species, housing/storage conditions and a justified nitrogen-flow method. Track total N and ammoniacal N by stage; a generic volatilised-N estimate is not automatically NH3 because it may include other nitrogen species. Applies only to the operated parents node; preserve its existing route and period conditions. A dataset must resolve actual activity, method applicability and an evidence-based range or physical bound for this pathway before treating the inventory as complete. Missing evidence is not zero or not_applicable. A verified substance/origin/compartment UUID is still required for a final bound exchange.

Selected flow: Ammonia to air (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NH3
Amount rule: Calculate the pathway total for this node and period, apply the existing allocation and stage_throughput_linkage, then inventory_reference_normalization exactly once to the measured final accepted reference output.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pathway_emissions
Sources: review-eea-manure-2023

Process: Foal, nurse and transfer live hybrid young (`birth`)

Inputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Surviving live hybrid young (`young_output`)

Weigh actual live mule or hinny young at transfer to growth or direct handover; losses are separate.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young transferred

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: measured surviving live mass at transfer Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Producer-handover linkage: Only when selected as the actual terminal source for this route, this state/gate-specific row supplies the same accepted physical goods to reference_handover_input. In that case it is an internal handover record, not a second external reference sale; otherwise retain its original intermediate role. Retain its exact identity and original route condition. Choose the actual terminal source, not all successive transfers; match the same lot and compatible species/state/gate evidence. A narrower fixed gate or species is never broadened. The handover interface adds no processing, transport, yield assumption or repeated handling burden.

Selected flow: Living mule or hinny young at internal transfer (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_animals
Range: Live output mass identity
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1
- Upper: 1
- Unit: kg/kg surviving young
- Basis: per kg surviving hybrid young transferred
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

Waste flows

Foaling mortality or disposal (`birth_waste`)

Only observed non-live disposal is waste; surviving young remain product or stock.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young transferred

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: observed disposed mass by destination Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Foaling loss to actual disposal (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Range: Provisional loss investigation screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg surviving young
- Basis: per kg surviving hybrid young transferred
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Rear hybrid young (`growth`)

Inputs

Product flows

Living hybrid entering rearing (`growth_stock`)

Internal or purchased young enter once; purchased stock retains its upstream dataset and measured mass.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: weighed incoming live mass Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Living mule or hinny young at growth entry (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_animals
Range: Provisional stock-reconciliation screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg living hybrid
- Basis: per kg living hybrid leaving growth
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Hybrid growth water (`growth_water`)

Meter or record drinking and care water by actual use.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: measured water by cohort and use Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Supplied water (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_utilities
Range: Provisional water completeness screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000
- Unit: kg/kg living hybrid
- Basis: per kg living hybrid leaving growth
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Living hybrid leaving growth (`grown_hybrid`)

Weigh actual live mass at transfer to selection; this is not automatically external farm gate.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: weighed living hybrid mass at transfer Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Living mule or hinny at internal growth transfer (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_animals
Range: Live output mass identity
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1
- Upper: 1
- Unit: kg/kg living hybrid
- Basis: per kg living hybrid leaving growth
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

Waste flows

Growth manure to actual handling (`growth_manure`)

Separate actual management paths from independent manure sale; no generic equine factor is imposed.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: measured or documented path-specific mass Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Equine manure to documented handling (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_manure
Range: Provisional manure completeness screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 10000
- Unit: kg/kg living hybrid
- Basis: per kg living hybrid leaving growth
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Hybrid growth enteric methane to air (`growth_enteric_ch4`)

Calculate only for recorded hybrid animal activity and a compatible equine method; do not treat the parent species as the hybrid flow identity.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: hybrid animal activity × compatible route-specific enteric factor Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Methane, biogenic, to air fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a8e8-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_animals
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019
Range: Provisional non-negative investigation screen, not an emission factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg living hybrid
- Basis: per kg living hybrid leaving growth
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Hybrid growth manure methane to air (`growth_manure_ch4`)

Calculate only for observed hybrid manure management, climate and pathway; do not duplicate external treatment.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: documented hybrid manure activity × compatible path-specific CH4 method Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Methane, biogenic, to air fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a8e8-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_manure
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019
Range: Provisional non-negative investigation screen, not an emission factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg living hybrid
- Basis: per kg living hybrid leaving growth
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Hybrid growth manure nitrous oxide to air (`growth_manure_n2o`)

Calculate for observed manure nitrogen and real management path, without double counting external treatment.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: observed manure nitrogen × climate/path-compatible N2O method Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Nitrous oxide to air 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c3-0050c2490048
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_manure
Sources: ipcc-livestock-2019
Range: Provisional non-negative investigation screen, not an emission factor
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg living hybrid
- Basis: per kg living hybrid leaving growth
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Manure ammonia to air (`review_growth_nh3`)

Use actual species, housing/storage conditions and a justified nitrogen-flow method. Track total N and ammoniacal N by stage; a generic volatilised-N estimate is not automatically NH3 because it may include other nitrogen species. Applies only to the operated growth node; preserve its existing route and period conditions. A dataset must resolve actual activity, method applicability and an evidence-based range or physical bound for this pathway before treating the inventory as complete. Missing evidence is not zero or not_applicable. A verified substance/origin/compartment UUID is still required for a final bound exchange.

Selected flow: Ammonia to air (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg NH3
Amount rule: Calculate the pathway total for this node and period, apply the existing allocation and stage_throughput_linkage, then inventory_reference_normalization exactly once to the measured final accepted reference output.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_pathway_emissions
Sources: review-eea-manure-2023

Process: Select, weigh and hand over living hybrid (`handover`)

Inputs

Product flows

Living hybrid entering selection (`handover_stock`)

Carry previous breeding or growth burden once; rejected living animals remain stock.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg accepted live hybrid at gate

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: weighed incoming live mass Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Living mule or hinny before handover (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_animals
Range: Provisional selection-balance screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg accepted live hybrid
- Basis: per kg accepted live hybrid at gate
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted living mule or hinny at farm gate (`live_hybrid_handover`)

The confirmed CPC 02133 Product/Mass identity applies only to observed unprocessed living hybrids at matching farm gate; other gates remain unbound.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg accepted live hybrid at farm gate

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: measured accepted live mass at matching farm gate Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Mules and hinnies, production mix at farm gate, live animal unprocessed e80a7596-d6b5-4958-9370-05f2834def0e
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_animals
Range: Accepted live output mass identity
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1
- Upper: 1
- Unit: kg/kg accepted live hybrid
- Basis: per kg accepted live hybrid at farm gate
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

Waste flows

Handover mortality to disposal (`handover_waste`)

Record only observed non-live loss with actual destination; living rejected stock is not waste.

Denominator and scope requirements：per kg accepted live hybrid at gate

Raw quantity and calculation requirements: weighed disposed mass Original collection denominator kind: process_output.

Selected flow: Hybrid mortality to actual disposal (UUID unresolved)
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_waste
Range: Provisional loss investigation screen
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 0
- Upper: 100
- Unit: kg/kg accepted live hybrid
- Basis: per kg accepted live hybrid at gate
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: Reasoned estimate (reasoned_estimate)

Elementary flows

Process: Actual producer reference-product handover (`reference_handover`)

Inputs

Product flows

Living mules and hinnies at actual producer handover for actual producer-handover linkage (`reference_handover_input`)

This input matches the accepted goods represented by young_output, grown_hybrid, live_hybrid_handover under their unchanged route conditions. It is an internal source-to-handover linkage, not a newly purchased same-category good and not extra production. The matching source and input cancel at the package boundary.

The actual route/state/gate is selected from foreground handover evidence; retain every required qualifier. Use the actual terminal source for the same accepted physical lot, not every successive stage transfer. Fixed source identities apply only to their exact species/state/gate; use an unbound compatible source role for other covered routes and resolve the actual foreground exchange before final dataset creation.

Selected source/interface rows: young_output, grown_hybrid, live_hybrid_handover

Required product-instance qualifiers: mule or hinny; verified parent species/sex; age/class; count; measured live mass; condition; actual gate; production period

Selected flow: Living mules and hinnies at actual producer handover for actual producer-handover linkage
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Use measured accepted same-lot quantity reconciled to the linked source rows; normalize once to the declared reference flow.
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_reference_handover
Range: Exact identity-reconciliation check after normalization, not a production-yield default
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1
- Upper: 1
- Unit: kg
- Basis: Declared reference quantity; input and output are the same accepted physical goods under the same handover ledger
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Living mules and hinnies at actual producer handover (`reference_product_handover`)

This is the actual accepted reference product at the declared producer boundary, measured under cp_reference_handover. It is the sole external reference output; instantiate its real identity from the lot, not a broad fixed UUID.

Selected source/interface rows: young_output, grown_hybrid, live_hybrid_handover

Required product-instance qualifiers: mule or hinny; verified parent species/sex; age/class; count; measured live mass; condition; actual gate; production period

Selected flow: Living mules and hinnies at actual producer handover
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: 1 kg
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per reference flow
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_reference_handover
Range: Exact identity-reconciliation check after normalization, not a production-yield default
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1
- Upper: 1
- Unit: kg
- Basis: Declared reference quantity; input and output are the same accepted physical goods under the same handover ledger
- Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
- Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`alloc_parents`	mare, jenny, jack, stallion	Assign actual maternal gestation/nursing to its offspring route; share sire care by documented service and period, not by assumed equal head count.	`fao-equine-1994`
`alloc_outputs`	independent culls or sold manure	First subdivide actual handovers; if inseparable, disclose complete product set and justified physical-causality or economic basis consistently; no product credit to death or waste.	`fao-equine-1994`
`alloc_assets`	shared stable, water system, pasture equipment	Index consuming nodes and service periods; assign each burden once by observed animal-days, area-time or metered use appropriate to the asset.	`fao-equine-1994`

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Specific input identification before dataset completion

Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.

requirement_id	collection_protocol_id	Preserved collection scope
`parent_feed_specific_input`	`cp_feed`	Operation parents: Separate mare from jenny gestation/nursing records and attribute shared sire care by actual service. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Use separate feed-supply, intake and loss ledgers under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. The quantity carrying feed-production burden includes in-boundary refusals, spoilage and uneaten feed; it is not reduced to animal intake. Retain source, species/cohort, phase and original mass/moisture basis. Calculate the final contribution with inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage exactly once. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using reconciled feed-supply records that retain in-boundary losses and their production burden.
`birth_supplies_specific_input`	`cp_supplies`	Operation birth: Only actual bedding, veterinary and other consumed supplies are included; route and period are recorded. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young transferred Raw quantity and calculation requirements: consumed material from issue records Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records.
`growth_feed_specific_input`	`cp_feed`	Operation growth: Record hybrid-cohort ration and forage separately from parent feed, with separate stock, unused-return and uneaten-loss ledgers. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Use separate feed-supply, intake and loss ledgers under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. The quantity carrying feed-production burden includes in-boundary refusals, spoilage and uneaten feed; it is not reduced to animal intake. Retain source, species/cohort, phase and original mass/moisture basis. Calculate the final contribution with inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage exactly once. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using reconciled feed-supply records that retain in-boundary losses and their production burden.

Route-specific energy identification requirements

Select energy exchanges from the actual product state, operation, equipment and supply records. The conditional cards below are not a mandatory or exhaustive fuel list. For each requirement, document applicability and the used carrier, supplier, service period, native quantity and allocation; add a separate physically specific card and verify its UUID for any actual input not yet represented. An unidentified input remains an explicit completeness gap, never a zero or a generic energy exchange. Evidence of manual work, ambient drying or a bypass can justify non-use only for the affected operation. Preserve every required operation even when no example card is supplied.

Separate purchased supply from on-site conversion. Link self-generated electricity internally to the foreground generator and count its actual fuel and emissions there once; do not also charge a purchased-electricity supply for the same internal transfer. Likewise do not count supplier-side fuel again with purchased heat. Reconcile shared meters and contractor-included energy against existing cards, with one physical quantity assigned once. Retain source quantities, output throughput, shared-service allocation and excluded post-gate activities. For each carrier, apply period/output attribution once and scale to the declared reference quantity using matched accepted final output in the same product unit; do not normalize an already normalized amount again. Process-native intensities require a measured throughput link to that final output. These requirements do not set a consumption default or certify dataset completeness.

requirement_id	collection_protocol_id	Required operation and evidence
`parent_energy_identification`	`cp_utilities`	Parent housing and care over the attributable cohort period; establish whether mechanical ventilation, lighting or heating is actually used before selecting a carrier. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage Raw quantity and calculation requirements: metered or invoiced energy attributed to parent cohort Original collection denominator kind: process_output. (`route-energy-fao`)
`growth_energy_identification`	`cp_utilities`	Hybrid rearing and housing over the actual growth period; identify equipment and supply before creating exchanges, with shared services attributed once. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth Raw quantity and calculation requirements: measured energy by carrier and growth cohort Original collection denominator kind: process_output. (`route-energy-fao`)

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
`cp_animals`	parents, birth, growth, handover	parent, birth, transfers and accepted live output	identified animal ledger and weigh tickets	dam/sire species and sex; hybrid ID/type; age/class; count; kg; event date; gate	animal ID and calibrated live scale; Raw aggregation requirements: reconcile stock events, sum accepted kg by gate. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. `parent_input_specific_input`: Document horse/ass species, sex, ownership and upstream burden; neither parent is the hybrid product. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage Raw quantity and calculation requirements: recorded acquisition or service attributable to hybrid cohort Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	head; kg; date	each event	all included periods	each site/cohort	per reference flow	breeding register, scale and sale ticket; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_feed`	parents, growth	feed and forage	invoice and issue ledger	type, delivery, stock, loss, parent or hybrid cohort, date ; unused returns/transfers; uneaten loss; actual intake; loss destination; moisture/DM	Feed input carrying upstream burden = opening stock + receipts - closing stock - documented unused returns or transfers out. Keep in-boundary spoilage and refusals in that input. Separately derive biological intake = that input - measured uneaten losses, with moisture/DM reconciliation; use intake, not purchased input, in animal metabolism calculations. Record each loss destination and include its treatment or manure contribution once. Preserve raw records and normalize attributed quantities to the accepted reference output once. `parent_feed_specific_input`: Operation parents: Separate mare from jenny gestation/nursing records and attribute shared sire care by actual service. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Use separate feed-supply, intake and loss ledgers under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. The quantity carrying feed-production burden includes in-boundary refusals, spoilage and uneaten feed; it is not reduced to animal intake. Retain source, species/cohort, phase and original mass/moisture basis. Calculate the final contribution with inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage exactly once. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using reconciled feed-supply records that retain in-boundary losses and their production burden. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default. `growth_feed_specific_input`: Operation growth: Record hybrid-cohort ration and forage separately from parent feed, with separate stock, unused-return and uneaten-loss ledgers. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth Raw quantity and calculation requirements: Use separate feed-supply, intake and loss ledgers under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. The quantity carrying feed-production burden includes in-boundary refusals, spoilage and uneaten feed; it is not reduced to animal intake. Retain source, species/cohort, phase and original mass/moisture basis. Calculate the final contribution with inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage exactly once. Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using reconciled feed-supply records that retain in-boundary losses and their production burden. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kg	each issue	all included periods	each site	per reference flow	invoices and store balance; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_utilities`	parents, growth	water and energy	meter/invoice	water, electricity/fuel carrier, cohort and meter period	meter and billing record; Raw aggregation requirements: sum by carrier, allocate shared service once. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. Route-specific requirements: `parent_energy_identification`: Parent housing and care over the attributable cohort period; establish whether mechanical ventilation, lighting or heating is actually used before selecting a carrier. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young leaving birth stage Raw quantity and calculation requirements: metered or invoiced energy attributed to parent cohort Original collection denominator kind: process_output. (`route-energy-fao`) `growth_energy_identification`: Hybrid rearing and housing over the actual growth period; identify equipment and supply before creating exchanges, with shared services attributed once. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg living hybrid leaving growth Raw quantity and calculation requirements: measured energy by carrier and growth cohort Original collection denominator kind: process_output. (`route-energy-fao`) Verify actual use, equipment and supply for each applicable input; create one specific exchange per actual carrier before dataset completeness. Missing identity or quantity evidence remains unresolved, never zero. Distinguish purchased supply, internal generation and inclusive contractor services; count their energy once. Do not substitute the conditional examples for an unverified route.	kg; MJ	monthly	all included periods	each site	per reference flow	calibrated meter/bill; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_supplies`	birth	foaling materials	care/material ledger	material, mass, cohort, date	weighed material issue; Raw aggregation requirements: sum consumed material. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again. `birth_supplies_specific_input`: Operation birth: Only actual bedding, veterinary and other consumed supplies are included; route and period are recorded. Denominator and scope requirements：per kg surviving hybrid young transferred Raw quantity and calculation requirements: consumed material from issue records Original collection denominator kind: process_output. Original quantity method: Calculate the attributable final-package exchange under inventory_reference_normalization and stage_throughput_linkage using the matched raw records. Identify the actual input for this operation from supplier specifications, equipment and primary records. This is a mandatory collection requirement, not an exchange. Before dataset completeness, represent each used material, formulated product, carrier or independently purchased service by one physically specific card with its native quantity/property; confirm a compatible UUID, or retain an explicit unresolved identity and do not claim a fully linked dataset. Do not substitute a conditional example for an unknown actual input, invent a recipe, omit required use or infer zero from missing records. Attribute shared use, reusable assets and inclusive services once; preserve the original stage/period and measured throughput link to final reference output. The former aggregate range is not a component limit or consumption default.	kg	each event	foaling and nursing periods	each site	per reference flow	inventory and care record; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_manure`	parents, growth	managed manure	handling ledger	mass or activity basis, period, treatment and destination	weighed path or documented estimate; Raw aggregation requirements: sum once per path. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again.	kg	each handling event	all included periods	each site	per reference flow	treatment/recipient receipt; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_waste`	birth, handover	death or disposal	incident log	animal ID, mass, cause, destination, date	observation and weighing; Raw aggregation requirements: sum disposed mass by destination. Apply the existing route, period, conversion and allocation rules; retain raw totals and the measured accepted reference-output denominator for the same scope. Perform final normalization exactly once; do not divide an already normalized amount again.	kg	each event	all included periods	each site	per reference flow	veterinary and disposal evidence; traceable numerator, accepted reference-output denominator and normalization worksheet
`cp_reference_handover`	`reference_handover`	accepted product and matched internal source transfer	producer handover ledger	lot_id, species, state, grade, route_id, gate, period, accepted_quantity, native_unit, source_row_id, source_lot_id, allocation_link	Measure accepted net product at the same actual gate; reconcile the listed state/gate-specific source rows and the linked input with this single physical output. Keep rejects, stock changes and other sales separate. No additional handling or transport is imputed.	kg; native source quantities	each actual handover	matched source and handover periods	declared producer gate only	per reference flow	traceable acceptance record, same-lot source-to-output ledger, calibrated quantity method and normalization worksheet
`cp_pathway_emissions`	`parents`; `growth`	pathway-specific gases and manure N/C	herd, feed, manure, field and method ledger	species/class; animal-days; intake/DM/digestibility; volatile solids; manure N/TAN; system shares; climate; storage time; fertiliser N; grazing; volatilisation/leaching; methane recovery; factor source/unit; final accepted output ; collected manure wet mass; dry matter; destination	collect primary activity by node and period, document parameter applicability, retain each pathway worksheet and any linked treatment/pasture dataset Retain raw totals and normalize attributed quantities once to the measured accepted final reference output.	animal-day; kg DM; kg VS; kg N; kg CH4; kg N2O; kg NH3	each operating period and management change	complete represented cohort and service period	actual operated nodes only	per reference flow	meter/analysis records, nitrogen cascade, method and factor evidence, no-duplication ledger
`cp_feed_supply_and_intake`	`parents`; `growth`	Feed supply, intake and loss	stock, receipt, issue and loss ledger	feed identity/source; cohort/phase; period; opening/closing stock; receipts; on-site provision; unused returns/transfers; uneaten/spoiled mass and destination; as-fed/DM; actual intake; burden owner; accepted final output	Reconcile matched stock, scales, ration/forage estimates and disposal records under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. Keep raw totals and stage denominators; assign production and treatment burden once, then normalize to accepted final output.	kg as-fed; kg DM	each issue and period close	complete represented cohort/period	actual operated feeding nodes	per reference flow	stock and supplier records; moisture evidence; loss and no-duplication reconciliation
`cp_manure_n2o_coverage`	`parents`; `growth`	Direct and indirect manure/soil N2O coverage	pathway N ledger and method worksheet	species/class; period; excreted N; stage stocks/transfers; system shares; volatilised NH3-N/NOx-N; leached/runoff N; application/grazing N; factor source, unit and applicability; direct/indirect components; receiving medium; linked process and assigned card; accepted final output	Retain raw stage N and component calculations under calc_manure_n2o_coverage, matched to actual operation and existing manure protocols. Document unsupported or inapplicable paths and coverage boundaries; normalize attributable N2O once.	kg N; kg N2O	each reporting period and management change	complete represented management period	actual operated and explicitly linked nodes	per reference flow	N balance, factor unit/applicability, component-to-card and no-duplication worksheet

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
`calc_stock`	hybrid type and period	opening + births/purchases − transfers/sales/deaths = closing in heads; separately reconcile each weighed gate mass	IDs, events, head, kg, date	stock balance and accepted reference kg	`fao-equine-1994`
`calc_maternal`	parent phase	attribute measured maternal animal-days and resources to documented offspring cohort by mare or jenny route; sire service by actual use	parents, events, resources, periods	route-specific parent burden	`fao-equine-1994`
`calc_manure`	manure path	sum measured mass; any model uses observed animal activity and documented climate/path-specific method rather than a universal hybrid factor	animal-days, measured mass, path	manure by path	`ipcc-livestock-2019`
`calc_normalize`	all nodes	attributable recorded amount divided by measured node output kg; link each transfer once to accepted reference kg	records, output kg, shares	quantity per kg accepted hybrid	`fao-equine-1994`
`calc_feed_input_and_intake`	Feed supply and biological intake	Feed input carrying upstream burden = opening stock + receipts - closing stock - documented unused returns or transfers out. Keep in-boundary spoilage and refusals in that input. Separately derive biological intake = that input - measured uneaten losses, with moisture/DM reconciliation; use intake, not purchased input, in animal metabolism calculations. Record each loss destination and include its treatment or manure contribution once.	`cp_feed`	separate kg feed input, intake and loss by cohort	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`
`calc_pathway_emissions`	`parents`; `growth`	Use species- and management-compatible methods and retain disaggregated pathway totals. Convert N2O-N to N2O by 44/28 and NH3-N to NH3 by 17/14 exactly once; already molecular masses are not reconverted. Check methane against the documented available-carbon/methane-potential balance and nitrogen losses against each stage's available N. Indirect formation from previously volatilised N is a downstream transformation, not a second source-stage N loss. Attribute and normalize once; do not duplicate linked treatment or fate-model emissions. Use matched raw-period quantities before allocation for physical screens: CH4 mass × 12/16 must not exceed the carbon available to the represented pathway; source-stage NH3 mass × 14/17 plus direct N2O mass × 28/44 and other source N losses must not exceed that stage's available N, after accounting for stocks and transfers. Bound each indirect N2O-N calculation by its documented volatilised or leached N precursor, not by subtracting that downstream transformation again from the source ledger. These are conservation checks, not emission factors or an empirical per-product range.	`cp_pathway_emissions`	kg named compound per final reference flow	`ipcc-livestock-2019`; `review-eea-manure-2023`; `review-ipcc-soils-2019`
`calc_feed_supply_and_intake`	`parent_feed`; `growth_feed`	Feed supply used by the represented operation = opening feed stock + receipts + on-site feed entering the operation - closing feed stock - documented unused returns or transfers out. Retain in-boundary spoilage, refusals and discarded leftovers in that supply. Actual intake = that supply - measured uneaten/discarded losses, after matching moisture/DM and period; use intake only for nutrition/metabolism. Opening stock retains its prior burden and is not another purchase. Trace any unused return or transfer and its burden destination; no automatic substitution credit. Attribute production once, through either the purchased-feed dataset or the represented on-site crop/collection node, never both for the same feed. Include actual waste treatment and manure contributions once, not as a second feed-production burden.	`cp_feed_supply_and_intake`	separate feed supply, intake and loss quantities, in matched as-fed/DM units	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`
`calc_manure_n2o_coverage`	`parent_manure_n2o`; `growth_manure_n2o`	For each actual manure stage, calculate direct N2O, volatilisation/deposition-derived indirect N2O, and applicable leaching/runoff-derived indirect N2O separately with documented species/system activity and factor basis. Convert N2O-N to molecular N2O by 44/28 once; do not reconvert molecular masses. Retain component worksheets. Where an existing N2O card covers both direct and indirect emissions, report their non-overlapping sum; where separate direct/indirect cards exist, assign each component once to its matching card and never also report the sum. Pasture deposition and land application use the managed-soil method, not a manure-storage factor. Assign foreground versus linked treatment/pasture coverage explicitly; a manure export does not erase earlier emissions, and already covered downstream emissions are not repeated. Account for stock, transfers and previous N losses in the nitrogen cascade; indirect N2O is a downstream transformation of its precursor, not a second source-stage N loss. Normalize attributed molecular masses once to the accepted reference output. Document inapplicability; absent pathway data are not zero.	`cp_manure_n2o_coverage`	kg molecular N2O by pathway and assigned existing card	`ipcc-livestock-2019`; `review-ipcc-soils-2019`
`chemical_species_mass_accounting`	`elementary_nutrient_emissions`	Final elementary exchanges use the mass of the identified substance and one actual receiving compartment. Keep nutrient/activity ledgers separate: species-specific N2O-N × 44/28 gives N2O, NH3-N × 17/14 gives NH3, nitrate-N × 62/14 gives nitrate, and phosphate-P × 95/31 gives phosphate. If the selected flow is elemental phosphorus instead, report kg P and convert phosphate mass by 31/95 only when that species basis is evidenced. Apply a conversion exactly once only when the method output is on the elemental basis; measured compound mass is not reconverted. Total nutrient losses cannot be assigned to a single species without a supported split, and residual/retained soil nutrient is not an emission. Keep direct/indirect pathway ledgers and avoid repeating a pathway already included in the chosen method or upstream inventory. Factor uncertainty ranges screen factors on their stated basis, not final compound amounts or admissible site emissions. Normalize the attributable compound mass once using the accepted reference quantity and the matched measured output. Unknown activity, identity or compartment remains an evidence gap and blocks a completeness claim.	`cp_manure`; `cp_pathway_emissions`; species-specific activity ledger, method pathway and factor basis, matched accepted output	Identity-specific exchanges and reconciled activity records

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
`dq_parentage`	hybrid route	Verify dam and sire species/sex; uncertain parentage blocks exact mule/hinny route assignment.	breeding register
`dq_mass_gate`	reference	Live weighed mass, head count and actual producer gate reconcile.	calibrated scale and transaction
`dq_period`	all phases	Dated inputs, assets, outputs, replacements and closing stock link to reporting periods.	animal and resource logs
`dq_destination`	manure, deaths, culls	Product handover and waste destination must be distinct.	recipient/disposal evidence

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
`validate_parentage`	all routes	Require species/sex evidence and one maternal route per hybrid; a hinny cannot be recorded as mare-borne.	`fao-equine-1994`
`validate_stock`	all periods	Check head and mass ledger, live accepted output, losses and closing stock without duplicate transfers or mixed gates.	`fao-equine-1994`
`validate_allocation`	co-products and assets	Require complete actual handover product set and period/service attribution; no double parent or infrastructure burden.	`fao-equine-1994`
`validate_factor`	modeled manure/emissions	IPCC Mules/Asses categories require compatible animal activity, productivity, climate and manure path; never apply one generic factor to all hybrids.	`ipcc-livestock-2019`
`v_feed_loss_burden`	Feed balances	Reject a feed-input inventory that subtracts in-boundary wastage without retaining its upstream burden. Match intake, losses, stocks and unused returns, and document the loss treatment; no automatic co-product credit.	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`
`v_pathway_emission_coverage`	`parents`; `growth`	Require a pathway coverage ledger for enteric CH4 where biologically applicable, manure CH4, direct/indirect N2O, NH3 and relevant field emissions. Every pathway needs a measured/calculated value, a named linked process with matching coverage, or supported inapplicability; absent data cannot become zero. Keep wild life before capture outside managed husbandry, assess actual managed holding separately, and retain species-specific evidence.	`ipcc-livestock-2019`; `review-ipcc-soils-2019`; `review-eea-manure-2023`
`v_foreground_emission_responsibility`	Actual operated nodes and linked services	Record responsibility for on-site fuel combustion and refrigerant leakage when applicable: either quantified foreground emissions or a named linked process explicitly covering them, never merely a fuel-supply or electricity-production input. Assess special-taxon biological and residue emissions using species/route evidence, without a generic livestock factor. Identify any unresolved pathway and withhold a completeness claim; document supported absence and prevent duplicate upstream/downstream accounting.
`v_feed_supply_intake_separation`	All feed inputs	Reject an upstream feed inventory reduced by in-boundary refusal, spoilage or discarded leftovers without retaining their production burden. Reconcile supply, intake, stock, transfers and loss destinations under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. Do not reuse intake as supplied feed, assume zero-burden on-site feed or grant automatic avoided-product credits.	`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`
`v_manure_n2o_coverage`	Applicable manure and managed-soil N pathways	Require explicit direct and indirect pathway coverage, stage N balances and molecular-mass conversion. Map each component to an existing N2O card or an explicitly covering linked process once under calc_manure_n2o_coverage. Missing indirect-pathway evidence prevents a completeness claim; no default zero or duplicate aggregate-plus-components.	`ipcc-livestock-2019`; `review-ipcc-soils-2019`

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground data package for a living mule or hinny at producer handover
downstream_use	`secondary_dataset` or `background_dataset` after gate/UUID resolution; process and lifecyclemodel projection
allowed_use	Declared hybrid type, maternal route, class, period, live mass and matching gate
excluded_use	Parent animal, work service, slaughter/meat, assumed head weight or unverified gate/UUID as concrete exchange
required_metadata	parent species/sex; hybrid type; cohort; count; weighed live mass; age/class; gate; periods; upstream burden; attribution
required_quality_disclosure	parentage, scale/stock balance, maternal route, manure path, shared allocation and unresolved identity
update_trigger	New verified route, measured performance change, handover change or confirmed platform flow identity

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
`fao-equine-1994`	official_guidance	FAO, A Manual for the Primary Animal Health Care Worker, Chapter 5, https://www.fao.org/4/t0690e/t0690e07.htm	parentage, gestation/foaling, husbandry and route boundary
`ipcc-livestock-2019`	official_guidance	IPCC 2019 Refinement, Volume 4 Chapter 10, https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch10_Livestock.pdf	pathway-specific manure method applicability, not a universal factor
`review-fao-pig-lca-2018`	official_guidance	FAO 2018, Environmental performance of pig supply chains: Guidelines for assessment, section 11.2.2 and Appendix 2.13	Feed-loss accounting and general LCA allocation hierarchy; extension to other taxa or reproductive products is this PCR's explicit methodological choice, not a pig parameter transfer
`review-eea-manure-2023`	official_guidance	EMEP/EEA Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Guidebook 2023, 3.B Manure Management	NH3 nitrogen-flow method; verify actual species, management and geographical applicability before adopting parameters
`review-ipcc-soils-2019`	official_guidance	IPCC 2019 Refinement, Volume 4, Chapter 11: N2O Emissions from Managed Soils	Managed-soil direct and indirect nitrogen pathways and boundary reconciliation
`route-energy-fao`	official_guidance	FAO, Energy-smart food for people and climate (2011), Annex 2; and Energy use in agriculture and industry, Annex IV. https://www.fao.org/4/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf ; https://www.fao.org/4/Q1085e/q1085e0d.htm	Equipment/carrier possibilities only; site records govern applicability. No intensity, fuel share or default recipe is adopted.

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Structured rule index

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System boundary rules · 5

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`system_boundary_rule_1`	foreground_system_boundary	Include upstream purchased animals, feed, forage, water, bedding, electricity, fuel, care materials and services where used, together with parental management, mating, gestation, foaling, nursing, hybrid growth, manure handling, selection and actual live handover. Declare grazing rather than treating it as purchased feed. Attribute shared stables, water infrastructure and equipment once across nodes and periods. Saleable parent culls or manure are independent products only with actual handover; otherwise stock change, residue or waste. Do not claim a hybrid breeding-parent output or universal infertility outcome. Mating/gestation is managed biological production; birth and surviving-foal transfer are independent because they establish a live output with a measured handoff, while final selection is an independent acceptance gate (fao-equine-1994).
`boundary_identity`	all routes	Only living horse–ass hybrids enter the reference output; horse, ass and work-service identities cannot substitute.	fao-equine-1994
`boundary_maternal_route`	breeding	Record mare × jack or jenny × stallion as mutually exclusive per offspring, with actual maternal inputs and periods.	fao-equine-1994
`boundary_gate`	handover	End at observed live acceptance and exclude downstream work, transport service and slaughter.	fao-equine-1994
`reference_handover_linkage`	actual reference-product boundary	Record reference_handover as the same physical producer handover already represented by its source rows. It must not extend the gate or insert new processing, capture, storage, transport, service or capital burdens. For a unit-process projection, keep the actually operated stage references; the handover record may be a boundary interface in the resulting foreground package, not an invented standalone operation. Select one actual qualified route/output stratum; trace matching source and input as internal transfers and expose the accepted reference product once. If the source already ended at this gate, partition its existing handover responsibility without counting it again.

Allocation rules · 3

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`alloc_parents`	mare, jenny, jack, stallion	Assign actual maternal gestation/nursing to its offspring route; share sire care by documented service and period, not by assumed equal head count.	fao-equine-1994
`alloc_outputs`	independent culls or sold manure	First subdivide actual handovers; if inseparable, disclose complete product set and justified physical-causality or economic basis consistently; no product credit to death or waste.	fao-equine-1994
`alloc_assets`	shared stable, water system, pasture equipment	Index consuming nodes and service periods; assign each burden once by observed animal-days, area-time or metered use appropriate to the asset.	fao-equine-1994

Validation rules · 9

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`validate_parentage`	all routes	Require species/sex evidence and one maternal route per hybrid; a hinny cannot be recorded as mare-borne.	fao-equine-1994
`validate_stock`	all periods	Check head and mass ledger, live accepted output, losses and closing stock without duplicate transfers or mixed gates.	fao-equine-1994
`validate_allocation`	co-products and assets	Require complete actual handover product set and period/service attribution; no double parent or infrastructure burden.	fao-equine-1994
`validate_factor`	modeled manure/emissions	IPCC Mules/Asses categories require compatible animal activity, productivity, climate and manure path; never apply one generic factor to all hybrids.	ipcc-livestock-2019
`v_feed_loss_burden`	Feed balances	Reject a feed-input inventory that subtracts in-boundary wastage without retaining its upstream burden. Match intake, losses, stocks and unused returns, and document the loss treatment; no automatic co-product credit.	review-fao-pig-lca-2018
`v_pathway_emission_coverage`	parents; growth	Require a pathway coverage ledger for enteric CH4 where biologically applicable, manure CH4, direct/indirect N2O, NH3 and relevant field emissions. Every pathway needs a measured/calculated value, a named linked process with matching coverage, or supported inapplicability; absent data cannot become zero. Keep wild life before capture outside managed husbandry, assess actual managed holding separately, and retain species-specific evidence.	ipcc-livestock-2019, review-ipcc-soils-2019, review-eea-manure-2023
`v_foreground_emission_responsibility`	Actual operated nodes and linked services	Record responsibility for on-site fuel combustion and refrigerant leakage when applicable: either quantified foreground emissions or a named linked process explicitly covering them, never merely a fuel-supply or electricity-production input. Assess special-taxon biological and residue emissions using species/route evidence, without a generic livestock factor. Identify any unresolved pathway and withhold a completeness claim; document supported absence and prevent duplicate upstream/downstream accounting.
`v_feed_supply_intake_separation`	All feed inputs	Reject an upstream feed inventory reduced by in-boundary refusal, spoilage or discarded leftovers without retaining their production burden. Reconcile supply, intake, stock, transfers and loss destinations under calc_feed_supply_and_intake. Do not reuse intake as supplied feed, assume zero-burden on-site feed or grant automatic avoided-product credits.	review-fao-pig-lca-2018
`v_manure_n2o_coverage`	Applicable manure and managed-soil N pathways	Require explicit direct and indirect pathway coverage, stage N balances and molecular-mass conversion. Map each component to an existing N2O card or an explicitly covering linked process once under calc_manure_n2o_coverage. Missing indirect-pathway evidence prevents a completeness claim; no default zero or duplicate aggregate-plus-components.	ipcc-livestock-2019, review-ipcc-soils-2019

Processes and inputs/outputs · 5

Process ID	Process name	Input flows	Output flows
`parents`	Manage parents and mate species-identified pair	1	6
`birth`	Foal, nurse and transfer live hybrid young	0	2
`growth`	Rear hybrid young	2	6
`handover`	Select, weigh and hand over living hybrid	1	2
`reference_handover`	Actual producer reference-product handover	1	1

Complete field inspector

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Mules and hinnies

Content languages

Readiness

Classification mapping

Source

1. Scope and Applicability

2. Product Category Identity

3. Reference Flow

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

Process: Manage parents and mate species-identified pair (parents)

Inputs

Product flows

Parent water supply (parent_water)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Maternal care transferred to birth stage (maternal_service)

Waste flows

Parent manure to actual handling (parent_manure)

Elementary flows

Parent enteric methane to air (parent_enteric_ch4)

Parent manure methane to air (parent_manure_ch4)

Parent manure nitrous oxide to air (parent_manure_n2o)

Manure ammonia to air (review_parents_nh3)

Process: Foal, nurse and transfer live hybrid young (birth)

Inputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Surviving live hybrid young (young_output)

Waste flows

Foaling mortality or disposal (birth_waste)

Elementary flows

Process: Rear hybrid young (growth)

Inputs

Product flows

Living hybrid entering rearing (growth_stock)

Hybrid growth water (growth_water)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Living hybrid leaving growth (grown_hybrid)

Waste flows

Growth manure to actual handling (growth_manure)

Elementary flows

Hybrid growth enteric methane to air (growth_enteric_ch4)

Hybrid growth manure methane to air (growth_manure_ch4)

Hybrid growth manure nitrous oxide to air (growth_manure_n2o)

Manure ammonia to air (review_growth_nh3)

Process: Select, weigh and hand over living hybrid (handover)

Inputs

Product flows

Living hybrid entering selection (handover_stock)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted living mule or hinny at farm gate (live_hybrid_handover)

Waste flows

Handover mortality to disposal (handover_waste)

Elementary flows

Process: Actual producer reference-product handover (reference_handover)

Inputs

Product flows

Living mules and hinnies at actual producer handover for actual producer-handover linkage (reference_handover_input)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Living mules and hinnies at actual producer handover (reference_product_handover)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Manage parents and mate species-identified pair (`parents`)

Parent water supply (`parent_water`)

Maternal care transferred to birth stage (`maternal_service`)

Parent manure to actual handling (`parent_manure`)

Parent enteric methane to air (`parent_enteric_ch4`)

Parent manure methane to air (`parent_manure_ch4`)

Parent manure nitrous oxide to air (`parent_manure_n2o`)

Manure ammonia to air (`review_parents_nh3`)

Process: Foal, nurse and transfer live hybrid young (`birth`)

Surviving live hybrid young (`young_output`)

Foaling mortality or disposal (`birth_waste`)

Process: Rear hybrid young (`growth`)

Living hybrid entering rearing (`growth_stock`)

Hybrid growth water (`growth_water`)

Living hybrid leaving growth (`grown_hybrid`)

Growth manure to actual handling (`growth_manure`)

Hybrid growth enteric methane to air (`growth_enteric_ch4`)

Hybrid growth manure methane to air (`growth_manure_ch4`)

Hybrid growth manure nitrous oxide to air (`growth_manure_n2o`)

Manure ammonia to air (`review_growth_nh3`)

Process: Select, weigh and hand over living hybrid (`handover`)

Living hybrid entering selection (`handover_stock`)

Accepted living mule or hinny at farm gate (`live_hybrid_handover`)

Handover mortality to disposal (`handover_waste`)

Process: Actual producer reference-product handover (`reference_handover`)

Living mules and hinnies at actual producer handover for actual producer-handover linkage (`reference_handover_input`)

Living mules and hinnies at actual producer handover (`reference_product_handover`)