Uncoated UF-bonded bagasse particleboard

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers a fixed product route: uncoated flat particleboard with sugarcane bagasse as the sole lignocellulosic furnish, separately supplied UF resin, ammonium sulfate hardener prepared on site and aqueous paraffin emulsion, consolidated by hot pressing and delivered trimmed and conditioned at the factory gate. Depithing and mechanical particle grading are recorded where used. Untreated furnish is the route covered; hot-water extraction, chemical pretreatment, PF/MUF/pMDI/PU binders, binderless steam-injection, wood blends, flax furnish, bamboo furnish and wood-fibre faces require separate applicability review. Utilities are on-site electricity and, when used, gas/bagasse combustion; purchased heat is outside this route. The identity is not a feedstock selector.

The route is evidenced by the untreated arm of Brito et al. (2021), a laboratory experiment, not an industrial regional average. Its panels failed the cited P2 requirements: its process observations do not certify a marketed board, prescribe a recipe, or establish a modern emission limit. A dataset requires its own intended grade, strength/bond/water-resistance and formaldehyde test evidence. FPL-GTR-80 (July 1994) supplies historical route distinctions only; its summaries do not constitute acquired original trials. Wood particleboard (CPC 31431) and bamboo laminated/veneer panels (31450) have different furnish and architecture. Only a narrower 31433 mapping is proposed.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.other-transportable-goods-except-metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.products-of-wood-cork-straw-and-plaiting-materials.bagasse-particleboard-uf
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 31433; narrower
covered_products	Uncoated pure-bagasse UF-bonded flat particleboard
excluded_products	Wood particleboard; flax/bamboo boards; bamboo veneer/strip laminates; wood-faced and mixed-furnish boards; MDF; binderless and other binder routes; coated panels
representative_product	One declared bagasse board grade and thickness with verified site recipe
production_route	Receipt/storage → depithing/grading → drying → UF blending → mat forming/hot pressing → cooling/conditioning → trimming/sanding → packing
market_state	Accepted uncoated board at factory gate, packaging excluded from net board quantity

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide uncoated board substrate for the declared non-structural interior application
How much	1 m3 net accepted board volume
How well	Declared thickness, density at measured moisture, particle grading, UF formulation and verified grade; no inferred P2 conformity
How long or cycle	One factory-gate delivery; no service lifetime asserted
reference_flow_link	finished_board

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	fiberboard particleboard 58b62091-9855-4631-9076-823e8ba59238
Reference flow property	Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit group	Units of volume 93a60a57-a3c8-12da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	m3
Required qualifiers	Sugarcane species/origin and extraction source; sole bagasse furnish; depithing and particle-size distribution; receipt/press/gate moisture and wet/dry convention; UF solids/formulation/free formaldehyde; hardener and wax formulation; dimensions and density; verified marketed grade/test edition; board facing absent; utility delivery/thermal route; supplier economic status/allocation; reference state/date; packaging outside net board

The broad Tiangong reference describes adhesive-pressed particles of wood or other lignocellulosic material; this PCR selects its pure-bagasse particleboard subset, not its separately described wood-fibre-faced variant. The UUID establishes physical identity only. A supplying background must independently match the stated bagasse route, condition and volume basis. Missing qualifiers make the foreground package incomplete.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_volume	reference product	Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66	m3	Net solid board volume after trimming at declared gate moisture, not stacked/bulk volume. cp_output measures length × width × thickness for each accepted grade, excludes gaps, rejected boards and packaging.
moisture_basis	bagasse_input; bagasse_fuel; raw_fines; trim	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Record both wet-basis water fraction w and dry-basis ratio u with explicit methods. Dry solids = wet mass × (1 − w); u = w/(1 − w). Never apply literature moisture or density to site lots.
gas_volume	gas	Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66	m3	Convert metered gas to supplier reference T/P and wet/dry basis with documented composition/compressibility. Unknown background m3 definition prevents quantitative linking.
electricity_energy	electricity	Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66	MJ	The verified electricity property uses MJ; 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ. This is electrical energy, not a combustion heat default.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Bagasse separated by juice extraction at its actual sugar/ethanol supplier, delivered at measured moisture and economic status; supplied chemicals and utilities
starting_condition_role	Foreground receipt boundary, not an automatic upstream cut-off
product_classification_scope	CPC 3.0 31433; narrower
recursive_input_rule	Same-category purchased boards retain their linked upstream dataset; internal rework remains in physical ledger. No infinite expansion and no erased upstream burden.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Verified bagasse supply reflecting sugarcane production/extraction and actual allocation or justified waste cut-off; transport, resin, hardener, emulsion, water, electricity and fuels matched to supply bases
disclosure	Supplier region/year, competing uses and economic status; allocation rationale; all stage energy/material/emission boundaries and exclusions

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_upstream	bagasse_input; bagasse_fuel	Do not default bagasse to zero upstream burden. Determine sale price/revenue, contractual status, useful fuel or other demand and supplier process purpose. Valuable co-products require the supplier allocation model; genuine discarded waste may use a justified cut-off, while collection/preparation/transport still remain. Disclose displaced boiler fuel in an attributional sensitivity, not an automatic substitution credit.	epa-bagasse-combustion-1996
boundary_stages	manufacturing	Include storage losses, particle preparation, actual drying, all recipe constituents, hot pressing, cooling/conditioning, trimming/sanding, packaging, emission control and wastewater/residue treatment. Identify exact emitting equipment. No wood-panel regional average may replace site bagasse parameters.	brito-bagasse-2021; usda-nonwood-review-1994
boundary_utilities	manufacturing	On-site heat production belongs to the foreground. Keep gas and bagasse combustion separately metered; match boiler type/control to evidence. Internal steam is measured by supply/return enthalpy and condensate balance, not purchased as a second fuel or represented by an unverified MJ steam UUID. Exclude externally purchased heat and on-site firing of cured UF board until route-specific review.	epa-bagasse-combustion-1996; epa-gas-combustion-2026
boundary_extension	manufacturing	Additional observed components, consumables, packaging or pollutants require separate specific atomic exchanges and current identity verification. Absence must be demonstrated; neither blank UUID nor missing measurement is a zero.	brito-bagasse-2021

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
manufacturing	Bagasse board manufacturing, conditioning and packing	required	Covered fixed recipe/route	One aggregated physical foreground unit with stage ledgers	finished_board

Receipt/storage → depithing/grading → drying → mixing/forming → hot press → conditioning → trim/sand → packing. A conditional on-site boiler supplies measured internal heat to drying/pressing. Subdivision is retained in cp_stage: transfers have equal quantities at both endpoints, actual moisture/state and stage ids. Board transfer between trim and packing is the same material and is internal; only finished_board is a reference product output. Physical material/water/carbon balances precede allocation.

Process: Bagasse board manufacture (manufacturing)

Inputs

Product flows

Bagasse (bagasse_input)

Post-juice-extraction sugarcane bagasse for the furnish only; weigh receipt lots with moisture and origin. Exclude separately purchased boiler fuel; record supplier allocation and competing fuel use.

• Selected flow: Bagasse f13cc16c-a598-48a2-b226-fdd991eac633
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_inputs; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Urea-formaldehyde resin (uf_resin)

Purchased UF resin as delivered, not an invented dry-resin equivalent. Record solids fraction, free formaldehyde, supplier formulation and matched background mass basis. Separate contained water in the physical water balance without purchasing it twice.

• Selected flow: Urea-formaldehyde resin 23e41b7b-0991-4cf7-8625-7a30d23bbb27
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_recipe; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Ammonium sulphate (hardener)

Crystalline ammonium sulfate bought separately and dissolved on site. Weigh the compound, not nitrogen content; dissolution water belongs to water input. No substitution by ammonium chloride.

• Selected flow: Ammonium sulphate 7f128b59-9df7-4b5d-ad0f-00103b916cf7
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_recipe; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Paraffin wax aqueous emulsion (wax)

Purchased aqueous paraffin emulsion, including its formulation, solids and water. UUID unresolved: neat wax and plastic-recycling wax records are not this exchange. Do not duplicate emulsion constituents as external inputs.

• Selected flow: Paraffin wax aqueous emulsion
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_recipe; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_recipe
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Tap water (water)

Supplied treated tap water for on-site hardener dissolution, resin dilution, cleaning and boiler make-up; separate stage meters. Use measured water mass or metered volume with measured temperature-dependent density. Internal recycle is not a new input.

• Selected flow: Tap water d1e0e36c-07f0-4a75-bdcb-efb5d9e2ac36
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_water; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Alternating current (electricity)

Grid consumption mix at 1–35 kV at the plant delivery meter. Record stage submetering including screening, drying, blending, pressing, trimming and controls; include on-site transformation losses once. Other delivery voltages require separate verified atomic rows.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / MJ
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_energy; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

natural gas in the gaseous state (gas)

Conditional pipeline gaseous natural gas burned on site. Reference property is Volume, not Mass. Match meter T/P, wet/dry composition, compressibility and supplier/background m3 convention; an unresolved volume convention blocks that link. Database secondary mass coefficient is not a density.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66 / m3
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_energy; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources: epa-gas-combustion-2026

Bagasse (bagasse_fuel)

Conditional separately received bagasse burned in the on-site boiler; as-fired mass, moisture, calorific basis and supplier burden are measured independently from furnish. Internal unresinated residue firing is a transfer in the physical ledger, not a second purchase.

• Selected flow: Bagasse f13cc16c-a598-48a2-b226-fdd991eac633
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_energy; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

Low-density polyethylene foil (PE-LD) (film)

Conditional LDPE wrapping film leaving with finished boards; packaging mass is outside net reference board volume. Record film grade and disposal separately from other packaging components.

• Selected flow: Low-density polyethylene foil (PE-LD) 2cecd3a7-d90e-44b4-aec5-1d9dfb907477
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_inputs; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_inputs
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Outputs

Product flows

fiberboard particleboard (finished_board)

Accepted trimmed, conditioned, uncoated UF-bonded pure-bagasse particleboard at factory gate; all preparation, pressing, finishing and packing belong to this same foreground unit. The database broad particleboard identity is constrained by this PCR; no wood-fibre facing is implied.

• Selected flow: fiberboard particleboard 58b62091-9855-4631-9076-823e8ba59238
• Flow property / unit: Volume 93a60a56-a3c8-22da-a746-0800200c9a66 / m3
• Amount rule: 1 m3
• Value mode: fixed_value
• Specificity: product_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: identity_reference
• Collection protocol: cp_output
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Unresinated bagasse pith sold as fuel (pith_coproduct)

Conditional depithing output only when sold or deliberately supplied as useful fuel. Weigh actual exported mass and moisture; no automatic avoided-fuel credit. UUID unresolved. Do not also count the same material as discarded fines.

• Selected flow: Unresinated bagasse pith sold as fuel
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_residues; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_residues
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Waste flows

Discarded unresinated bagasse fines (raw_fines)

Raw preparation fines discarded off site; physical moisture and destination matter. Captured dust recycled internally is not an exported waste. Sold fuel is pith_coproduct; internal boiler fuel belongs to transfer ledger.

• Selected flow: Discarded unresinated bagasse fines
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_residues; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_residues
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

UF-bonded bagasse board trimming waste (trim)

Cured resin-bearing solid board offcuts and rejects exported for treatment; distinct from raw bagasse. Record resin content and treatment; on-site combustion of cured board is excluded from this route and requires separate combustion evidence.

• Selected flow: UF-bonded bagasse board trimming waste
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_residues; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_residues
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Bagasse boiler bottom ash (ash_bottom)

Conditional separately weighed bottom ash from bagasse combustion, excluding separately collected fly ash. Ash moisture, leachability and destination are site records; coal or metallurgy residues are rejected UUID proxies.

• Selected flow: Bagasse boiler bottom ash
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_residues; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_residues
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

Untreated UF blending and cleaning wastewater (wastewater)

Wastewater crossing to off-site treatment, with volume, density, COD and formaldehyde concentration recorded. It is a waste flow, not direct release to a river; direct discharge would require actual elementary species rows and verified receiving medium.

• Selected flow: Untreated UF blending and cleaning wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_water; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Discarded unresinated bagasse pith (pith_waste)

Conditional depithing pith discarded off site; record actual wet mass and moisture. Mutually exclusive with sold pith and internal boiler transfer for the same lot.

• Selected flow: Discarded unresinated bagasse pith
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_residues; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_residues
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

UF-bonded bagasse board sanding dust (cured_dust)

Resin-bearing fine dust captured at cured board sanding, exported for treatment; distinct from solid board offcuts, raw fines and uncaptured elementary PM.

• Selected flow: UF-bonded bagasse board sanding dust
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_residues; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_residues
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

Bagasse boiler fly ash (ash_fly)

Conditional captured bagasse boiler fly ash exported for treatment; record moisture and destination separately from bottom ash and stack PM.

• Selected flow: Bagasse boiler fly ash
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_residues; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_residues
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

Elementary flows

particles (PM2.5) (pm25)

Non-overlapping PM2.5 mass escaping capture to outdoor air; stage-tag raw preparation, dryer, press, trim and boiler separately.

• Selected flow: particles (PM2.5) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9293-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

particles (PM2.5 - PM10) (pmcoarse)

Only particles above 2.5 and up to 10 micrometres. Calculate from compatible paired cumulative PM10 and PM2.5 observations; never add cumulative PM10 again.

• Selected flow: particles (PM2.5 - PM10) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9501-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

particles (> PM10) (pmover10)

Only particles above 10 micrometres. Compatible total filterable PM minus cumulative PM10; missing size distribution remains a data gap, not a zero. Condensable PM scope must be reconciled.

• Selected flow: particles (> PM10) fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a70a-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

formaldehyde (formaldehyde)

Formaldehyde species mass to outdoor air from UF blending, hot press, cooling and conditioning, with boiler contributions separately tagged. Chamber content tests are not stack mass factors.

• Selected flow: formaldehyde 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-941b-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

methanol (methanol)

Methanol species mass measured at emitting stages; no substitution by total VOC, TOC or methanol-containing product supply.

• Selected flow: methanol fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a935-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-gas-combustion-2026

carbon dioxide (biogenic) (co2bio)

Biogenic CO2 from measured bagasse fuel oxidation and verified storage degradation. Keep in LCI independently of GHG characterization conventions; carbon uptake upstream is not booked again at board receipt.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (biogenic) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9c15-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

carbon dioxide (fossil) (co2fossil)

Fossil CO2 from natural gas and any verified fossil carbon oxidation, excluding fuel/energy already counted in purchased background systems.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-gas-combustion-2026

methane (biogenic) (ch4bio)

Biogenic methane from incomplete bagasse combustion or evidenced anaerobic storage; origin and physical stage must be demonstrated.

• Selected flow: methane (biogenic) fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a8e8-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

methane (fossil) (ch4fossil)

Fossil methane from incomplete gas combustion and metered/estimated on-site leakage; do not duplicate supplier upstream leakage.

• Selected flow: methane (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9610-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-gas-combustion-2026

carbon monoxide (biogenic) (co_bio)

Biogenic carbon monoxide from bagasse combustion; do not pool with fossil CO.

• Selected flow: carbon monoxide (biogenic) 8a313a02-e251-11e6-bf01-fe55135034f3
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

carbon monoxide (fossil) (co_fossil)

Fossil carbon monoxide from gas combustion; separate from biogenic CO.

• Selected flow: carbon monoxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-924e-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-gas-combustion-2026

nitrogen monoxide (nitric_oxide)

Nitrogen monoxide species mass only. Aggregate NOx reported as NO2 equivalent does not establish actual NO mass; require measured speciation or preserve unresolved data.

• Selected flow: nitrogen monoxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-96ee-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-gas-combustion-2026

nitrogen dioxide (no2)

Nitrogen dioxide species mass only; never enter whole NOx-as-NO2 as this row while also entering NO.

• Selected flow: nitrogen dioxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-96e5-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-gas-combustion-2026

nitrous oxide (n2o)

Nitrous oxide species mass from operating and startup boiler records; distinguish from NO and NO2.

• Selected flow: nitrous oxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-94c3-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-gas-combustion-2026

sulfur dioxide (so2)

Sulfur dioxide species mass, fuel sulfur and actual control condition; do not use total sulfur oxides as exact SO2.

• Selected flow: sulfur dioxide fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac48-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_air; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: epa-bagasse-combustion-1996

water vapour (water_vapour)

Water vapour released outdoors, stage-tag drying, press, conditioning and boiler. Record moisture evaporation separately from combustion water; do not invent a steam purchase.

• Selected flow: water vapour fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac04-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Collected exchange per reference flow; cp_water; absent conditional exchange requires evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: brito-bagasse-2021

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_supplier	bagasse_input; bagasse_fuel	Investigate subdivision or system expansion first. This single-board attributional result retains a declared scope without unproven substitution credit. Where allocation remains at sugar/ethanol extraction, use a defensible physical causal relationship before documented economic allocation; justify rejected options and remain consistent with the supplying study. Record all co-product quantities, prices, time window and rationale. Do not derive zero from the word residue or from carbon neutrality.	ec-ef-allocation-2021; epa-bagasse-combustion-1996
allocation_foreground	manufacturing	Separate useful exported pith fuel from discarded raw fines and cured resin waste. Subdivide meters when possible; remaining shared environmental burdens use documented causal allocation or otherwise economic shares from net delivered quantities × consistent prices. Present sensitivity where residue status/prices change.	ec-ef-allocation-2021; epa-bagasse-combustion-1996
allocation_physical	manufacturing	Keep unallocated physical process graph and material/water/carbon balances alongside the allocated environmental burden account. Never multiply co-product physical output or internal transfer mass by an allocation fraction; no internal recycle credit or double burden.	brito-bagasse-2021

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Collect one complete representative production year where available, including seasonal sugarcane supply, starts/stops and off-spec production. A shorter complete campaign is allowed only with dates, production coverage, seasonal limitation and uncertainty disclosed. No observed laboratory dose, temperature, cycle time, density, moisture, boiler factor or regional wood-board rate is prescribed here.

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_output	manufacturing	finished_board	Measured primary records	Grade; batch; accepted quantity; length; width; thickness; moisture; density; tests; packaging tare	Calibrated dimension and mass measurements after conditioning; lot acceptance and test records. Compute accepted net board volume; separate grades and rejected boards.	m3	Every accepted lot	Same complete declared period	Same site and declared recipe/grade	per reference flow	Calibration; traceability; matched stocks and accepted volume; uncertainty
cp_inputs	manufacturing	bagasse_input; film	Measured primary records	Receipt and stock quantities; supplier/location/year; moisture; extraction route; transport mode/distance/load; contract/value; film grade/mass	Calibrated weighing and matched invoices, receipts, stock reconciliation and supplier inventory. Include inbound transport in each supplied material background or a separately verified transport exchange, once.	kg	Every receipt and stock close	Same complete declared period	Same site and declared recipe/grade	per reference flow	Calibration; traceability; matched stocks and accepted volume; uncertainty
cp_recipe	manufacturing	uf_resin; hardener; wax	Measured primary records	Delivered and dosed mass; solids fraction; formulation; purity; free formaldehyde; water fraction; losses; supplier reference basis	Batch dosing records, calibrated scales, formulation/SDS and supplier primary records. Verify solids analytically; reconcile received/dosed/stock/lost mass. Record every additional constituent separately.	kg	Every batch	Same complete declared period	Same site and declared recipe/grade	per reference flow	Calibration; traceability; matched stocks and accepted volume; uncertainty
cp_stage	manufacturing	internal transfers	Measured primary records	Stage id; linked source/destination; wet and dry mass; moisture method; water; carbon fraction; rejects; storage duration; particle grade; press temperature/pressure/time	Weigh and sample at receipt, depithing, dryer inlet/outlet, blending, press exit, conditioning and trim. Record internal recycle/boiler transfers at equal endpoints. Maintain separate raw and resin-bearing residues.	kg	Each stage/batch and period stock close	Same complete declared period	Same site and declared recipe/grade	per reference flow	Calibration; traceability; matched stocks and accepted volume; uncertainty
cp_energy	manufacturing	electricity; gas; bagasse_fuel	Measured primary records	Delivery voltage; stage meters; kWh; gas m3/T/P/composition/Z; fuel wet mass/moisture/LHV or HHV; boiler type/load/control; steam supply/return mass, T/P/enthalpy; losses	Reconcile plant and stage meters with bills and fuel stocks; measure drying and press cycles independently. Steam heat is mass × supply-minus-return enthalpy with condensate/blowdown/loss reconciliation, not fuel energy or gross steam enthalpy.	MJ; m3; kg	Continuous meters and every fuel lot	Same complete declared period	Same site and declared recipe/grade	per reference flow	Calibration; traceability; matched stocks and accepted volume; uncertainty
cp_residues	manufacturing	pith_coproduct; pith_waste; raw_fines; trim; cured_dust; ash_bottom; ash_fly	Measured primary records	Stage; actual mass/moisture; resin content; raw/cured state; internal recycle; export destination; treatment; contract/revenue	Calibrated bins/scales and dispatch/treatment receipts. Identify bottom and fly ash streams and sum only compatible ash records. Separate sold pith from discarded fines and on-site transfers.	kg	Each discharge/dispatch	Same complete declared period	Same site and declared recipe/grade	per reference flow	Calibration; traceability; matched stocks and accepted volume; uncertainty
cp_water	manufacturing	water; wastewater; water_vapour	Measured primary records	Stage water supply; emulsion/resin water; bagasse moisture; product water; wastewater volume/density/composition; evaporation; boiler combustion water; stocks; recycle	Meter external water and effluent; sample densities/concentrations; close stage water balance after measured retained water and stocks. Derive evaporation only with bounded uncertainty; report unexplained residual, do not force closure.	kg	Continuous meters; stage/batch sampling	Same complete declared period	Same site and declared recipe/grade	per reference flow	Calibration; traceability; matched stocks and accepted volume; uncertainty
cp_air	manufacturing	elementary emissions	Measured primary records	Physical stage/source; species; biogenic/fossil origin; outdoor subcompartment; exhaust flow; temperature/pressure; dry/wet basis; concentration; test duration; production; control; starts/stops; PM fractions	Representative source testing and activity logs after controls, including fugitive emissions. Sum concentration × compatible exhaust volume for each stage/species. Document uncertainty and speciation; chamber grades and aggregate VOC/NOx cannot substitute for species. Carbon balance may estimate origin-specific CO2 only after other carbon outputs/stocks are measured.	kg	Representative operating modes plus continuous logs	Same complete declared period	Same site and declared recipe/grade	per reference flow	Calibration; traceability; matched stocks and accepted volume; uncertainty

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
volume_normalization	all inventory rows	For each stage-tagged exchange, normalized amount = attributable period quantity / Q_vol; Q_vol = sum of accepted net board dimensions converted to m3 in the same period and grade. Retain gross measured stage totals before environmental allocation. Reference output = 1 m3.	cp_output; cp_inputs; cp_recipe; cp_energy; cp_residues; cp_water; cp_air	Exchange per reference flow	brito-bagasse-2021
physical_balance	manufacturing	Before burden allocation, reconcile whole-stream mass and elemental carbon separately: opening stock + inputs = closing stock + outputs + reported residual, using actual composition and all relevant boundary crossings. Chemical reactions do not generate or consume total elemental carbon. Separately reconcile molecular H2O and reactive wood/resin components using opening stock + inputs + evidenced formation = closing stock + outputs + evidenced consumption + reported residual. Quantify only actual cure/thermal/oxidation pathways and extent; phase changes are transfers, not reactions. A zero reaction term requires evidence of absence; unknown extent remains unresolved, with no assumed full cure, generic yield or balancing emission. Track retained binder/additives and wood versus fossil carbon separately. Internal transfers cancel only with matched endpoints; measured outputs containing reaction products are counted once. Keep uncertainty explicit and do not apply burden shares to physical outputs. Keep boiler fuel, combustion air/oxygen and combustion products in a separate stage ledger; fuel oxidation is not unexplained furnish loss.	cp_stage; cp_recipe; cp_water; cp_residues; cp_air	Unallocated stage and whole-site balances with residual uncertainty	brito-bagasse-2021
burden_allocation	manufacturing	Environmental burden for board = directly attributable burden + justified share × shared burden. Economic share, when needed, = board revenue / total useful-output revenue on matched net quantities/prices; include pith only when economically useful. Divide the assigned burden by Q_vol, retaining physical exports unchanged.	cp_inputs; cp_output; cp_residues; supplier allocation	Allocated burden per reference flow plus sensitivity	ec-ef-allocation-2021

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
quality_route	manufacturing	Same sole-bagasse furnish, binder/hardener/wax route and declared market grade; test failures remain visible.	cp_recipe; cp_output
quality_period	manufacturing	Synchronize production, recipe, meters, emissions and stock periods; segregate grade and season; disclose missing modes.	cp_stage; cp_energy; cp_air
quality_background	all supplied flows	UUID identity success is not a complete background match. Confirm supplier geography/time, route, moisture/concentration, quantity and transport boundary before linking.	cp_inputs; cp_recipe; cp_energy

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_identity	finished_board	Require one reference output of 1 m3 net board and all qualifiers; reject wood/fibre-faced, flax, bamboo and mixed-furnish substitution or grade conformity inferred from a laboratory study.	brito-bagasse-2021
validate_atomic	all inventory rows	Every row is one atomic flow with verified property/unit and physical stage. UUID gaps require explicit review; no nearby product, correction flow or wrong medium is acceptable. Additional site exchanges must be declared separately.	brito-bagasse-2021
validate_balance	manufacturing	Require matched internal transfer endpoints and finite unallocated dry-solids/water/carbon balances with uncertainty, and a separate allocated burden ledger. Internal residues cannot appear as both new fuel purchase and recycled transfer.	brito-bagasse-2021
validate_emissions	elementary emissions	Use outdoor-air unspecified flows only while finer outdoor location is uncharacterized, disclosed as a limitation; finer known subcompartment requires verified replacement. Keep PM2.5, 2.5–10 and >10 as mutually exclusive intervals; never add nested PM10/TSP again. Require actual NO/NO2 speciation, species mass and carbon origin. Retain biogenic CO2 in LCI; missing measurements or factors remain gaps.	epa-bagasse-combustion-1996; epa-gas-combustion-2026
validate_supply	gas; uf_resin; bagasse_input; wax	Block quantitative use where gas reference m3, resin/emulsion concentration or bagasse moisture/upstream economic status is unknown. Do not claim zero burden, generic density, net heat from an MJ label, or a species emission from a reporting equivalent.	epa-bagasse-combustion-1996; epa-gas-combustion-2026

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
downstream_use	Input to an interior product model after applicability review; candidate methodology does not approve a dataset
allowed_use	Declared pure-bagasse UF board, same factory-gate state and verified quantity/grade
excluded_use	All 31433 products as one identity; wood/ bamboo plywood proxy; automatic lifetime/end-of-life credit; compliance claims from laboratory tests
required_metadata	Site/period/grade/route; all reference qualifiers; supplier/status/allocation; verified backgrounds and transport; original unallocated stage ledgers; normalization volume
required_quality_disclosure	Coverage and exclusions; missing UUIDs/quantities; measurement uncertainty; outdoor compartment limitation; allocation sensitivity; scientific and translation review state
update_trigger	Feedstock origin/economic status, binder/formulation, pretreatment, fuel/utility/controls, specification or temporal coverage changes

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
ec-ef-allocation-2021	official_guidance	European Commission, C(2021) 9332 final, Annex I §4.5, printed pp.63–64. Official annex original.	General multifunctionality hierarchy and relative-market-value allocation basis only; no claim of full PEF conformity, sector factors or circular-footprint defaults.
brito-bagasse-2021	literature	Brito, Bortoletto Júnior and Surdi (2021), Properties of particleboards made from sugarcane bagasse particles, Rev. Bras. Cienc. Agrar. 16(1), e8783. DOI:10.5039/agraria.v16i1a8783. Publisher original, pp.1–3, 6.	Original pure-bagasse laboratory route with untreated and hot-water-treated arms; UF/ammonium sulfate/paraffin, drying, pressing and measured conditioning. P2 failure preserved; no dose, moisture, density or press defaults.
usda-nonwood-review-1994	official_guidance	Youngquist et al., July 1994, Literature review on use of nonwood plant fibers for building materials and panels, FPL-GTR-80, printed p.7, entries 31–34. Forest Service original report.	Historical literature-review distinctions and depithing/drying/adhesive/hot-press prompts only. Summarized Hesch trials not acquired; no industrial values or standards adopted.
epa-bagasse-combustion-1996	official_guidance	US EPA, AP-42 1.8 Bagasse Combustion In Sugar Mills, October 1996, pp.1.8–1–1.8–4, §§1.8.1–1.8.4 and Table 1.8–1 footnotes. Original.	Actual useful fuel status, boiler/fuel/control and pollutant separation. US sugar-mill scope; fuel/steam factor bases are not transferred to board production.
epa-gas-combustion-2026	official_guidance	US EPA, AP-42 1.4 Natural Gas Combustion, acquired document header 10/26, pp.1.4–1–1.4–3, §§1.4.1–1.4.3 and factor disclaimer. Original.	Natural-gas boiler emission species and operating/control dependence; source testing preferred. No factor or heating-value default and no legal compliance threshold adopted.