Salt-isolated Acid Orange 7 sodium salt powder

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers aqueous manufacture of one dye, Acid Orange 7 sodium salt (Orange II; CAS 633-96-5), from sulfanilic acid and 2-naphthol, followed by sodium-chloride salting-out, filtration, washing, drying, powder finishing and packing. It covers declared powder grades containing this dye plus measured residual salt and moisture, not an assumed pure molecule. Confirm the actual lot composition and route before application. The sodium dye species has formula C16H11N2NaO4S; this is a species identity, not the composition of every commercial kilogram. The laboratory sodium-chloride isolation in bcho-orangeii-2015 supports the method sequence, not industrial consumption, dryer design, yield or plant configuration. Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, basf-us4560745-1985, thermo-orangeii-spec, bcho-orangeii-2015.

Exclude liquid supply, other counterions, colour lakes, metal-complex dyes, dye blends, fluorescent brighteners, inorganic luminophores, membrane/extraction recovery and purchase-only dye formulation. The patent amine-extraction example ends in a diethanolamine salt solution and does not establish the sodium-powder finishing route. The supplier specification establishes a commercial sodium-powder identity, not its manufacturing route or a universal assay.

Applicability to the bounded utility/waste configuration requires actual site evidence of purchased steam, compatible electricity, indirect closed-loop cooling and off-site liquid-waste treatment. The cited literature does not establish that configuration at a production site. A cooling circuit labelled closed still requires a circuit diagram, operating records and a measured inventory of make-up, purge, leaks, additives and any refrigerant loss; add each actual exchange separately before application. Waste manifests, receiver acceptance and documented treatment must establish off-site transfer. Unknown cooling or waste destinations do not establish applicability or zero emissions. On-site combustion, biological wastewater treatment, direct liquid discharge and an open cooling-water exchange require a documented extension with all actual atomic exchanges before application. This boundary limits the PCR; it does not imply these routes are absent from the wider industry. No historical plant quantity or patent recipe is a default.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.other-transportable-goods-except-metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.basic-chemicals.synthetic-organic-colouring-matter-and-preparations-based-thereon-synthetic-organic-pro-58a612ba
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 34310; narrower; mapping acceptance remains separate
covered_products	Single-dye Acid Orange 7 sodium-salt powder; declared residual NaCl and moisture
excluded_products	Liquid or amine salt supply; lakes; blends; other dyes; brighteners; purchase-only formulation
representative_product	Declared lot of Orange II sodium powder; no nominal assay default
production_route	Aqueous diazotisation/coupling; salt-out; filter; wash; dry; finish; pack
market_state	Accepted net supplied powder at factory gate; transport packaging excluded from reference mass

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Supply Orange II sodium powder for further formulation or dyeing
How much	1 kg supplied net powder
How well	Meet the declared lot/SKU dye-strength, identity, counterion, moisture and residual-salt acceptance specification; no common performance threshold
How long or cycle	One production-and-delivery cycle to factory gate; no use-stage durability claim
reference_flow_link	out_dye

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	dye 08a96ffe-4db5-4405-abdd-d4d03b8b0a55
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	CAS; sodium counterion; lot/SKU; dye assay with wet/dry basis and method; residual NaCl; moisture; route; powder grade and acceptance; origin/provider; gate; steam state/return baseline; waste receiver

The broad reference identity is constrained by the Acid Orange 7 sodium-powder scope and required qualifiers; it is not a generic background recipe. A mass flow identity is not proof of concentration or provider background compatibility. This declared unit does not establish comparative equivalence between different dye strengths or hues.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product	Mass	kg	Use accepted net supplied powder mass, excluding packaging. Residual salt and moisture remain inside that mass. Collect with cp_product.
composition_basis	all chemical product inputs and out_dye	Mass	kg	Preserve actual supplied mass; measure active fraction, water and counterions independently; dry-basis assays require a documented moisture conversion. No duplicated carrier-water input.
utility_basis	in_electricity; in_steam	Energy; Mass	MJ; kg	Preserve electricity energy and measured steam mass. Match steam supply pressure, enthalpy, condensate credit and supplier reference basis explicitly; unknown compatibility prevents background linkage.
ledger_basis	p_dye	Mass	kg	Maintain separate unallocated total wet mass, water, organic carbon, sodium, nitrogen, sulphur and chloride ledgers. Water and dye species have reaction formation/consumption terms; elemental balances conserve atoms. Keep carrier water and internal reaction products separate from purchased exchanges.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased sulfanilic acid, 2-naphthol and individual auxiliary supplies at site receipt; foreground includes synthesis through packed net product
starting_condition_role	foreground_gate
product_classification_scope	Only the stated synthetic azo dye powder subset of CPC 34310
recursive_input_rule	Record externally purchased same-category dye once with verified upstream origin; purchase-only formulation is outside this synthesis PCR. Internal recovered dye does not restart upstream production.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Match each supplied reagent state, assay, provider and reference quantity; include external steam/electricity and waste-treatment burdens; unavailable data remain disclosed
disclosure	Site, campaign, route, lot grade, meters, internal recovery, utility limits and waste destination; all rejected boundary conditions

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
boundary_complete	Include receiving, stage charging, reaction, salt isolation, washing, drying, finishing, dust/acid-gas capture, cleaning and packing. Include measured losses and ancillary utilities, even in unsuccessful batches.	jrc-ofc-2006
boundary_transfers	Off-site liquid waste is one technosphere transfer per actual stream/load, with receiver treatment linked. Do not additionally emit the transferred constituents to water at this foreground gate. If wastewater treatment is on-site, revise the process boundary and add treatment chemicals, sludges and actual elementary emissions before use.	jrc-ofc-2006
boundary_configuration_evidence	Verify actual cooling circuit and every external loss or supply; add actual atomic exchanges before use. Verify waste loads, receiver and treatment before treating a liquid stream as an off-site technosphere transfer. A literature route or absence of a meter cannot justify zero water, waste or air exchange.	jrc-ofc-2006
boundary_no_synthetic_union	Do not borrow membrane or amine-extraction quantities, metal-complex-dye emissions or another colouring product recipe. Actual auxiliary components outside the listed route need separately named, measured and verified atomic rows.	jrc-ofc-2006; basf-us4560745-1985

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
p_dye	Aqueous synthesis, salt isolation and powder finishing	required	Declared route and utility/waste configuration match scope	foreground	1 kg accepted supplied powder

Material-stage map: receipt → sulfanilic-acid diazotisation plus separate alkaline 2-naphthol dissolution → coupling → NaCl salt-out → filter/wash → dry/finish → pack. These stages form one foreground unit for the same physical dye; keep independent stage meters and samples. Internal liquid, cake and powder transfers have equal mass at their two endpoints and are not additional reference outputs. Mother liquor, wash effluent and captured residues follow the separately recorded receiver routes. Sources: jrc-ofc-2006; bcho-orangeii-2015 for laboratory NaCl salt-out, filtration, water washing and drying; basf-us4560745-1985 only supports the coupling reactants. The BCHO procedure includes running tap-water cooling and optional recrystallisation, which are not imported into this bounded industrial configuration.

Process: Aqueous synthesis, salt isolation and powder finishing (p_dye)

Inputs

Product flows

Sulfanilic acid (in_sulfanilic)

CAS 121-57-3; weighed diazo precursor; declare grade, assay and supplied water.

• Selected flow: Sulfanilic acid
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, bcho-orangeii-2015

2-Naphthol (in_naphthol)

The adopted broad naphthol identity explicitly includes both isomers; this row requires actual 2-naphthol, CAS 135-19-3, independently verified assay and supplier background for the beta isomer. The broad dye classification is not compound taxonomy.

CAS 135-19-3; weighed coupling reagent; exclude 1-naphthol.

• Selected flow: Naphthol a201a6a7-1d73-46d3-ac6d-9f02af4cdc78
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, bcho-orangeii-2015

Sodium nitrite (in_nitrite)

Record weighed nitrite, assay, excess and endpoint test; no assumed stoichiometric consumption.

• Selected flow: Sodium nitrite
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, bcho-orangeii-2015

Hydrochloric acid solution (in_hcl)

Record delivered solution mass and HCl mass fraction; solution water remains in the physical water ledger.

• Selected flow: Hydrochloric Acid a118a682-1600-4855-b959-c78777b75ee8
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, bcho-orangeii-2015

Sodium hydroxide solution (in_naoh)

The adopted solution record specifies distilled-water dilution and chlor-alkali production; verify the actual provider route and supplied concentration separately before linkage. Its drug-manufacturing use context supplies no recipe for this dye.

Measure supplied solution for dissolution, pH control and scrubbing separately by stage; assay and carrier water are mandatory.

• Selected flow: Sodium Hydroxide solution 608efe06-bdb9-4927-8485-82637c1b89fd
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, bcho-orangeii-2015

Sodium chloride (in_nacl)

The adopted identity requires purity at least 99.5%; this is an identity condition, not a universal dose or purity default. Verify actual supplied grade before linking.

Measure purchased salting-out or final strength-adjustment salt; distinguish this from salt formed by reaction.

• Selected flow: Sodium chloride a413ea86-0887-42c8-be77-3bee86d5863b
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, bcho-orangeii-2015

Deionised water (in_water)

Measure purchased liquid water by stage including ice made internally; do not add solution carrier water a second time.

• Selected flow: Deionised water 5b3acbab-2518-4406-8736-d21f222d757a
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, bcho-orangeii-2015

Electricity (in_electricity)

The adopted identity is grid-average alternating current delivered below 1 kV in China (CN). Use it only for compatible actual metered supply and geography; other voltages, countries or supplier mixes need a separately verified identity and background. The database reference property is Net calorific value, not a claim that electricity is a fuel.

Meter reactors, pumps, closed-loop cooling, dryer auxiliaries and dust collection; 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ. Supplier reference-property convention must be checked.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 50657322-939c-4829-a87b-47c093bfa6a7
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66 / MJ
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Purchased process steam (in_steam)

The verified record supplies a generic chemical-industry steam mass identity without pressure/return baseline. Physical identity can be retained; actual pressure, enthalpy and provider-background compatibility remain mandatory pending collection.

Record inlet steam mass, absolute pressure, temperature, dryness and returned condensate mass/enthalpy; net delivered heat is measured from the enthalpy balance, never inferred from a database MJ field. Confirm indirect heating from the piping diagram; steam and condensate cross the utility boundary separately. Condensate is a measured return, not a dye-product co-product or an automatic avoided-heat credit. Direct steam injection requires a separate process-water balance and revised boundary.

• Selected flow: Steam, in chemical industry 7734613a-3ef2-47ce-aff0-9a1bd67906c6
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_energy
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Activated carbon (in_carbon)

Conditional clarifying aid only when used; record origin, grade, dose and retained dye, with supplier-specific upstream data. The native route label says absorption while the physical comment describes adsorption; retain that inconsistency for supplier clarification. It does not identify a wood, coal or other feedstock by default.

• Selected flow: Activated carbon 5cad53b5-252a-4e2f-8197-8be465707405
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_material
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Polyethylene liner film (in_pe)

The physical PE-film identity and CAS 9002-88-4 are compatible; the CPC 29220 luggage classification is a known isolated anomaly, requiring source/provider clarification.

Conditional actual PE liner only; record polymer, thickness, grade and supplier, excluding the outer sack mass.

• Selected flow: Polyethylene film e64eb06c-6dc9-45f1-b003-3dc6c44b27e2
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_pack
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Uncoated kraft paper sack (in_sack)

Conditional uncoated kraft outer sack only; actual composite/coated packaging requires separate atomically named components before use.

• Selected flow: Uncoated kraft paper sack
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_pack
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Outputs

Product flows

Acid Orange 7 sodium salt powder (out_dye)

The adopted dye identity explicitly allows powder use. This PCR restricts it to Acid Orange 7 sodium salt powder, CAS 633-96-5, with measured lot composition; no other dye or background recipe is implied. Its CPC 35120 classification is inconsistent with this broad identity and requires source clarification.

1 kg accepted supplied net powder; measured dye-content, residual salt and moisture belong to this same product. Exclude transport packaging.

• Selected flow: dye 08a96ffe-4db5-4405-abdd-d4d03b8b0a55
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg
• Value mode: fixed_value
• Specificity: product_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: method_formula
• Collection protocol: cp_product
• Sources: thermo-orangeii-spec

Waste flows

Saline Acid Orange 7 isolation mother liquor (w_mother)

Measure each transferred saline mother-liquor load, composition and licensed receiver. This is a technosphere waste transfer, not a freshwater elementary release.

• Selected flow: Saline Acid Orange 7 isolation mother liquor
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, bcho-orangeii-2015

Acid Orange 7 filter-cake wash effluent (w_wash)

Collect and meter wash effluent separately from mother liquor; if the streams share a transfer load, reconcile constituent masses to the combined load without double counting.

• Selected flow: Acid Orange 7 filter-cake wash effluent
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006, bcho-orangeii-2015

Hydrochloric-acid gas scrubber blowdown (w_scrub)

Conditional aqueous scrubber purge; measure HCl capture, chloride and alkali; retained contamination is not also a direct air emission.

• Selected flow: Hydrochloric-acid gas scrubber blowdown
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Spent activated carbon containing Acid Orange 7 (w_carbon)

Conditional solid clarifying waste; wet mass, dry solids, dye loading and receiver route are mandatory.

• Selected flow: spent activated carbon aff33890-3f08-40f9-9310-a7f77213de05
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Rejected Acid Orange 7 sodium salt powder (w_reject)

Record off-spec powder only when sent out for disposal; on-site rework stays internal and affects measured yield and energy.

• Selected flow: Rejected Acid Orange 7 sodium salt powder
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Collected Acid Orange 7 powder dust (w_dust)

Separate captured dust sent for external treatment from internal return; never count captured mass again as airborne PM.

• Selected flow: Collected Acid Orange 7 powder dust
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_waste
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Elementary flows

Hydrogen chloride to outdoor air (air_hcl)

CAS 7647-01-0; quantify residual stack and fugitive HCl after abatement over complete batches.

• Selected flow: hydrogen chloride fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-aab0-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Nitrogen monoxide to outdoor air (air_no)

Conditional measured molecular NO (CAS 10102-43-9) only; source screening must establish occurrence. An NO2-equivalent NOx total is not this mass.

• Selected flow: nitrogen monoxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-96ee-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Nitrogen dioxide to outdoor air (air_no2)

Conditional measured molecular NO2 (CAS 10102-44-0) only; exclude N2O and do not add an overlapping NOx total.

• Selected flow: nitrogen dioxide 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-96e5-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Particulates less than or equal to 2.5 micrometres to outdoor air (air_pm25)

Measure dryer, milling and packing emissions leaving the site after collection; diameter class is exclusive.

• Selected flow: particles (PM2.5) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9293-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Particulates greater than 2.5 and less than or equal to 10 micrometres to outdoor air (air_pm10)

Use measured exclusive fraction; cumulative PM10 includes PM2.5 and must first be reconciled before subtraction.

• Selected flow: particles (PM2.5 - PM10) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9501-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Particulates greater than 10 micrometres to outdoor air (air_pmover10)

Use measured exclusive fraction; total suspended particulate is a reconciliation check, not an additional emission row.

• Selected flow: particles (> PM10) fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a70a-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_air
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

Water vapour to outdoor air (air_water)

Record actual vented drying water, after condensate recovery; this is neither freshwater withdrawal nor liquid-water discharge.

• Selected flow: water vapour fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac04-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: Measured campaign amount divided by accepted supplied net powder mass; retain stage records and conditional absence evidence.
• Value mode: foreground_record
• Specificity: site_specific
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: reference_flow
• Evidence kind: collected_record
• Collection protocol: cp_water
• Sources: jrc-ofc-2006

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
allocation_no_coproduct_default	The declared route has one intended saleable dye. Do not promote residual NaCl, mixed mother liquor or waste to a co-product by assumption. Assign attributable foreground burdens to accepted dye, including rejected batches and waste handling; if an actual independently saleable recovered output exists, retain its concrete output row and apply allocation_physical_ledger.	jrc-ilcd-2010; jrc-ofc-2006
allocation_physical_ledger	Keep unallocated total wet mass, water, organic carbon, Na, N, S and Cl ledgers separate from allocated environmental burdens. For an actual independently saleable recovered output, first investigate measured subdivision or a justified expanded system. Where neither is possible, document a relevant causal physical relationship; if another relationship is necessary, justify it and test sensitivity. Record shares that sum to one on the declared burden basis. Never multiply physical co-product mass by burden shares; output masses and internal endpoints stay measured.	jrc-ilcd-2010; jrc-ofc-2006
allocation_campaigns	Use stage meters and validated run times/loads for shared campaigns. Do not allocate merely by different commercial dye strengths, trade names or an unrelated historical plant mix. Record shutdown/cleaning and losses once.	jrc-ilcd-2010; jrc-ofc-2006

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_product	p_dye	out_dye	foreground_record	lot; SKU; CAS; counterion; net mass Q; returns/reacceptance; opening/closing finished stocks and work in progress; carried inventory burdens; moisture; dye assay/basis and species definition; residual salt; Na/N/S/Cl and organic carbon; acceptance	Calibrated net weighing; representative lot samples with traceable analytical method and certificate; exclude packaging and rejected product	kg; mass fraction	Each batch/load; utility and emission profiles throughout operation	One declared complete representative campaign including cleaning, rejects and stock changes; report dates and coverage gaps	Declared foreground route and shared auxiliaries	per 1 kg reference flow	Calibration; analytical method; source records; uncertainty; reconciliation
cp_material	p_dye	reagents; clarifying aid	foreground_record	chemical; CAS; grade; supplier; stage; gross/tare/net kg; solution assay; carrier water; purity; stock change	Weigh each supply and stage charge; reconcile received stock, consumption, returns and internal recovery; test concentrations	kg; mass fraction	Each batch/load; utility and emission profiles throughout operation	One declared complete representative campaign including cleaning, rejects and stock changes; report dates and coverage gaps	Declared foreground route and shared auxiliaries	per 1 kg reference flow	Calibration; analytical method; source records; uncertainty; reconciliation
cp_water	p_dye	in_water; air_water	foreground_record	stage; water supply kg; ice kg; solution water; wet cake; product moisture; condensate; vent water; stock change	Calibrated meters/weighing; measured density for volume conversion; measure condensate and vent humidity/airflow or use a bounded water-balance residual with propagated uncertainty only when all other water inputs, outputs, stocks and reaction formation/consumption terms have independent evidence; never fit unknown reaction water and vent water to the same residual	kg	Each batch/load; utility and emission profiles throughout operation	One declared complete representative campaign including cleaning, rejects and stock changes; report dates and coverage gaps	Declared foreground route and shared auxiliaries	per 1 kg reference flow	Calibration; analytical method; source records; uncertainty; reconciliation
cp_energy	p_dye	in_electricity; in_steam	foreground_record	stage; meter kWh; steam kg; absolute pressure; temperature; dryness; inlet enthalpy; condensate mass/enthalpy; indirect-heating circuit; cooling diagram and make-up/purge/leak/additive records; supply geography; supplier baseline	Stage-meter full runs and cleaning; calculate net steam heat from measured mass/enthalpy; disclose missing return or supply reference and do not link incompatible backgrounds	kWh; MJ; kg	Each batch/load; utility and emission profiles throughout operation	One declared complete representative campaign including cleaning, rejects and stock changes; report dates and coverage gaps	Declared foreground route and shared auxiliaries	per 1 kg reference flow	Calibration; analytical method; source records; uncertainty; reconciliation
cp_pack	p_dye	in_pe; in_sack	foreground_record	component; supplier; polymer/paper grade; thickness; tare mass; units; rejects; lot	Weigh actual separate components and reconcile package count, losses and supplier specification	kg	Each batch/load; utility and emission profiles throughout operation	One declared complete representative campaign including cleaning, rejects and stock changes; report dates and coverage gaps	Declared foreground route and shared auxiliaries	per 1 kg reference flow	Calibration; analytical method; source records; uncertainty; reconciliation
cp_waste	p_dye	w_mother; w_wash; w_scrub; w_carbon; w_reject; w_dust	foreground_record	stream; stage; transfer kg; measured density; water/dry solids; AO7; sulfanilic acid; 2-naphthol; chloride; sodium; nitrite; total N; total S and sulphate; COD and TOC with analytical bases; pH; receiver; treatment; recovery	Meter/weigh segregated transfers and sample each stream/load; reconcile mother/wash/scrubber mixing. Retain waste manifests and receiver acceptance. Extend analysis for observed contaminants, toxicity and treatment inhibition	kg; mg/L; mass fraction	Each batch/load; utility and emission profiles throughout operation	One declared complete representative campaign including cleaning, rejects and stock changes; report dates and coverage gaps	Declared foreground route and shared auxiliaries	per 1 kg reference flow	Calibration; analytical method; source records; uncertainty; reconciliation
cp_air	p_dye	air_hcl; air_no; air_no2; air_pm25; air_pm10; air_pmover10	foreground_record	source/stage; operating cycle; species; molecular basis; concentration; dry/wet reference; T/P; exhaust volume/time; abatement; fugitive estimate; diameter fractions; uncertainty; detection limit	Sample full charging/reaction/drying/finishing/packing cycles and cleaning, including bypasses. Use species-resolved validated sampling; compute exhaust load from matched concentration and gas volume; source screening determines conditional NO/NO2 presence	kg; mg/m3; m3	Each batch/load; utility and emission profiles throughout operation	One declared complete representative campaign including cleaning, rejects and stock changes; report dates and coverage gaps	Declared foreground route and shared auxiliaries	per 1 kg reference flow	Calibration; analytical method; source records; uncertainty; reconciliation

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
campaign_denominator	all inventory rows	x = raw campaign exchange total / Q; Q is the same positive accepted supplied net powder kg measured by cp_product. Sum raw amounts over the complete compatible route/state/grade campaign, including failed or zero-output batches, cleaning and rework, then divide once; do not average batch ratios or renormalize per-kg values. Reconcile returns, reacceptance, finished stocks and work in progress with their carried burdens so Q is credited once and the attributed burden numerator covers the same output. Internal rework is not new accepted output. If Q is zero, retain the totals and disclose no unit result rather than divide or omit burdens. Keep numerator units. Product output is 1 kg.	cp_product; applicable row protocol	x	jrc-ofc-2006
composition_ledger	all chemical product inputs and out_dye	Active mass = supplied mass × measured as-supplied active mass fraction; carrier water and residual salt are separate balance components, not duplicate technosphere inputs. Convert dry assay only with matched moisture measurement. Assay reporting as free acid, sodium salt, dry solids or colour strength must be identified; only a validated analytical species conversion can yield sodium-dye mass. The salt species includes its bound Na and S; residual NaCl contains additional Na and Cl. Do not assign the entire unassayed remainder to NaCl or water.	cp_material; cp_product	active mass; water; residual salt	thermo-orangeii-spec
physical_balances	p_dye	For total wet mass and conserved elements: unallocated external inputs + opening stocks = external products + transferred wastes + actual releases + closing stocks + disclosed residual. Record total wet mass, Na, N, S, Cl and organic carbon separately. Include reagent and dye-bound Na, sulfanilic/dye S, nitrite and organic N, purchased salt and acid Cl. Organic-carbon changes require species transformation and any transfer to inorganic carbon; COD is an oxygen-demand indicator, not carbon mass. For water or dye species add internal reaction formation and subtract consumption on the relevant ledger: water from diazotisation/neutralisation and dye formation are not extra purchased flows. Internal NaCl formation is not purchased salting salt. Preserve chemical-species and elemental bases, density, uncertainty and stock changes; no assumed yield or fixed reaction-water quantity. Reconcile same-stream internal endpoints and the utility steam/condensate loop separately.	cp_material; cp_product; cp_water; cp_waste; cp_air	balance residual and uncertainty	jrc-ofc-2006
delivered_steam_heat	in_steam	Net delivered heat = sum(inlet steam mass × inlet specific enthalpy) − sum(return condensate mass × return specific enthalpy), with a declared common enthalpy reference and supplier return convention. Keep mass and heat records separately.	cp_energy	MJ and steam kg, separately	jrc-ofc-2006
air_loads	elementary air outputs	Integrate matched species concentration × exhaust volume across each operating cycle, plus supported fugitives. For nonoverlapping PM fractions subtract cumulative masses only on identical source, time, moisture and sampling bases.	cp_air	kg per species or exclusive PM class	jrc-ofc-2006

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
quality_identity	all flows	Verify full identity metadata, CAS, route, medium, property and unit; investigate contradictions. UUID confirmation and provider-baseline compatibility are separate checks.	supplier specification; native identity records
quality_amount	all quantities	Use traceable actual measurements, assay, water balance and energy meters; disclose detection limits, missing stages and unclosed balances. No transplanted patent/site numbers.	cp_product; cp_material; cp_water; cp_energy; cp_waste; cp_air
quality_completeness	p_dye	Screen actual additives, packaging, cleaning agents, direct releases and accidental/bypass conditions; add specific atomic rows with verified identity before claiming a complete dataset. Neither a missing measurement nor missing UUID means zero.	jrc-ofc-2006

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
validate_reference	Exactly one product output is out_dye, with the stated 1 kg net supplied powder basis. Require verified reference UUID/property/unit group and declared sodium counterion, route and lot assay; a free-acid/amine-salt record cannot be substituted.	thermo-orangeii-spec; basf-us4560745-1985
validate_amounts	Reference, all row denominators, collection aggregation and calculations use identical accepted net powder Q in both languages. Assess measured yield, active fraction, salts, water and net steam heat without invented values.	jrc-ofc-2006
validate_releases	Prevent duplicate transferred wastewater versus direct water release, captured dust versus airborne PM, and nested PM intervals. Molecular NO/NO2 and NO2-equivalent totals are distinct; never infer N2O from NOx. Preserve any actual biogenic CO2 if an expanded route generates it, independently of climate-reporting conventions.	jrc-ofc-2006
validate_ledgers	Require independent unallocated total-wet, water, organic-carbon, Na, N, S and Cl reconciliation, with reaction formation/consumption for species and measured external endpoints. Keep allocation shares outside these physical ledgers. Missing chemistry or an unbounded water-balance residual requires review, not a zero or stoichiometric default.	jrc-ofc-2006; thermo-orangeii-spec
validate_readiness	Missing identities, contradictory metadata, incompatible provider bases and unresolved measurement prevent a complete dataset. Scientific review and mapping acceptance remain separate from completed methodology authoring.	thermo-orangeii-spec; jrc-ofc-2006

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	foreground_dataset
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	Only after identity and quantity verification: declared sodium-powder route at stated dye strength and gate
excluded_use	Full CPC leaf coverage; equivalence between hues/strengths; other salts, fluid formulations, lakes and purchase-only formulation
required_metadata	Site; campaign; lot/SKU; CAS/counterion; supplied assay/moisture/salts; route; utilities; receiver; reference identity
required_quality_disclosure	UUID and background compatibility status; source/measurement coverage; balance residual; allocation; uncertainty; missing exchanges; candidate status
update_trigger	Route, counterion, strength/formulation, recovery, utility baseline, receiver or emission change

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
jrc-ofc-2006	official_guidance	JRC OFC BREF, August 2006	Sections 2.5.4 (printed 43–44/PDF 73–74), 4.3.2.4 (198/PDF 228), 5.2.1 (380–381/PDF 410–411): route archetype, distinct waste streams and operation-sensitive measurement. Historical examples and BAT levels are not inventory defaults.
basf-us4560745-1985	literature	BASF US4560745A, 1985, original patent	Example 2, column 4/PDF 3: sulfanilic-acid/2-naphthol coupling. Subsequent diethanolamine-salt extraction is excluded; no case recipe or recovery transferred.
thermo-orangeii-spec	handbook	Thermo Scientific Orange II product specification, catalog 416561000	Original PDF page 1 printed 14 October 2026: CAS 633-96-5, sodium identity, powder market state and SKU-specific dye-content test. No universal composition or route inferred.
unsd-cpc3-2025	official_guidance	UNSD CPC 3.0 explanatory notes, 30 June 2025	Printed/PDF page 162, subclass 34310: broad classification context only. Supports narrower proposal, not method identity or recipe.
bcho-orangeii-2015	official_guidance	23rd Baltic Chemistry Olympiad practical examination, April 2015	Problem 2, PDF/printed pages 9–12: actual sulfanilic acid/NaNO2/HCl/NaOH/2-naphthol synthesis, NaCl salt-out, filtration, water washing and drying. Laboratory method evidence only; no industrial recipe, yield, cooling configuration or heat factor transferred.
jrc-ilcd-2010	official_guidance	JRC ILCD Handbook, General guide for LCA, detailed guidance, 2010	Section 6.5.3.2, printed 74–80/PDF 94–100: subdivision, justified system expansion and causal physical allocation before other relationships. Method reference only; no fixed dye allocation share or compliance claim.