Machinery for industrial grain milling and working of cereals or dried legumes

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers the cradle-to-factory-gate production of one accepted, complete, non-farm machine whose declared function is industrial milling or other working of cereals or dried leguminous vegetables. A grain roller mill is the representative configuration, not a default bill of materials. The configuration, included drive and control equipment, site, and acceptance condition must be declared. Dedicated machines whose function is cleaning, sorting, or grading seed, grain, or dried legumes; farm-type machines; detached spare parts; whole milling plants; grain products; installation; use; and end-of-life are outside this product boundary. The official CPC category identifies the product, while the complete Diorit brochure supplies one concrete roller-mill example. un-cpc-3-2025; buhler-diorit-2019.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.special-purpose-machinery.machinery-used-in-the-milling-industry-or-for-the-working-of-cereals-or-dried-leguminou-52304b89
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 44513, exact product-category description; classification is not PCR identity.
covered_products	Accepted complete non-farm machines that mill or otherwise work cereals or dried legumes in an industrial setting.
excluded_products	Standalone grain or seed cleaning, sorting, or grading machines; farm-type machines; spare parts sold separately; entire plants; and milled food products.
representative_product	Configured industrial grain roller mill with declared casting, food-contact metal, drive, and control scope.
production_route	Purchased components, site fabrication or machining where performed, final assembly, and acceptance test.
market_state	Complete, accepted, net unpackaged machine at the manufacturer's factory gate.

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Supply an accepted complete machine for industrial milling or working of cereals or dried legumes.
How much	One accepted finished machine of the declared configuration.
How well	The machine meets its recorded factory acceptance specification for the declared grain or legume application and rated capacity.
How long or cycle	At factory-gate acceptance; this product reference does not assert a service lifetime or operating output.
reference_flow_link	finished_machine_output

Field	Value
Reference amount	M
Reference product flow	Machinery used in the milling industry or for the working of cereals or dried leguminous vegetables other than farm-type machinery 777a709f-59dc-4927-843f-2e9546f5495e
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	Machine model and serial number; declared grain or legume application; rated capacity; complete configuration and included drive or controls; accepted net mass M; factory site and acceptance date.

M is measured during foreground data production. It is the net mass of the same accepted machine whose material and energy exchanges are recorded per machine; transport packaging is excluded from M. is-iso-14044-2006.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	M = accepted net mass of one complete machine of the same configuration in kg; collect using cp_mass.

5. System Boundary

The foreground starts with purchased component and material receipts and on-site electricity entering the declared manufacturing site, and ends at acceptance of the net unpackaged complete machine. Record supplier processes as upstream datasets for purchased inputs rather than silently treating them as on-site fabrication. Include component machining, sheet fabrication, assembly, and acceptance testing only where the declared route performs them. The inventory separates one physical exchange per row. is-iso-14044-2006; buhler-diorit-2019.

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased cast-iron frame casting, stainless-steel sheet and drive motor at the factory receipt boundary, with their supplier specifications and origin declared.
starting_condition_role	Documented purchased-input starting condition for the foreground machine factory.
product_classification_scope	Non-farm industrial machinery for milling or working cereals or dried legumes, not grain products or standalone grain cleaners.
recursive_input_rule	If a purchased input is itself a complete machine in this product category, record its distinct quantity and use a separate upstream machine dataset; do not expand the same factory foreground recursively.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link each purchased component and electricity input to a representative upstream dataset with geography, technology, and product state disclosed.
disclosure	Disclose included components, subcontracted operations, test scope, exclusions, and any shared-process allocation.

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_factory_gate	finished machine	Include documented material and energy receipts, attributable fabrication, assembly, test, and direct waste through acceptance of the unpackaged machine.	is-iso-14044-2006
boundary_supplier_inputs	purchased inputs	Link purchased components to upstream datasets and disclose any missing supplier processes or inputs.	is-iso-14044-2006
boundary_exclusions	product scope	Exclude factory-to-customer transport, installation, use and end-of-life from this factory-gate data package; disclose the exclusion.	is-iso-14044-2006

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
component_fabrication	Component receipt and site fabrication	required	Include actual machining and sheet cutting performed for the declared configuration.	Foreground material and fabrication exchanges.	per one accepted finished machine
assembly_acceptance	Final assembly and acceptance	required	Include installed components and factory acceptance test for the declared configuration.	Finished-machine output and acceptance electricity.	per one accepted finished machine

Process: Component receipt and site fabrication (component_fabrication)

Inputs

Product flows

Purchased cast-iron frame casting (frame_casting_input)

Collect the mass of the accepted cast-iron frame casting received for the declared roller-mill configuration. The Diorit example has a cast-iron frame; other machine designs must disclose an inapplicable row rather than assume this material. buhler-diorit-2019.

• Selected flow: Cast-iron machine-frame casting
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Recorded accepted casting mass issued to one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_frame_casting
• Sources: buhler-diorit-2019

Food-contact stainless-steel sheet (stainless_sheet_input)

Collect the received stainless-steel sheet issued to food-contact components when the declared design uses this material. The Diorit example identifies stainless steel or other food-grade material for contact parts; it does not establish a universal stainless-steel quantity. buhler-diorit-2019.

• Selected flow: Stainless-steel sheet
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Recorded stainless-steel sheet mass issued to one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_stainless_sheet
• Sources: buhler-diorit-2019

Electricity for component fabrication (fabrication_electricity_input)

Collect metered purchased grid electricity attributable to component machining or sheet fabrication performed at the site. The electricity identity remains pending because public candidates did not match the declared kWh property.

• Selected flow: Purchased grid alternating-current electricity
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Metered electricity attributable to one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication_electricity
• Sources: is-iso-14044-2006

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Post-industrial steel scrap from sheet fabrication (fabrication_steel_scrap_output)

Record segregated steel scrap leaving on-site sheet cutting or machining. Do not create this waste row when no such fabrication occurs; record the destination and avoid crediting recycling without an explicit downstream model.

• Selected flow: Post-industrial steel scrap c143745d-be4f-4d8f-b403-2dcbfe685349
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed steel scrap dispatched per one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_steel_scrap
• Sources: is-iso-14044-2006

Elementary flows

Process: Final assembly and acceptance (assembly_acceptance)

Inputs

Product flows

Purchased drive motor (drive_motor_input)

Record the mass of the electric motor installed in the accepted configuration when the drive is supplied with the machine. Two otherwise similar public motor identities require review before UUID adoption. This is a conditional configured component, not a universal Diorit motor specification.

• Selected flow: Industrial electric drive motor
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Recorded per one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_drive_motor
• Sources:

Electricity for acceptance testing (test_electricity_input)

Collect purchased grid electricity metered for factory acceptance tests of the declared machine configuration. Keep it separate from fabrication electricity.

• Selected flow: Purchased grid alternating-current electricity
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: Metered acceptance-per one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_electricity
• Sources: is-iso-14044-2006

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted complete grain-milling machine (finished_machine_output)

The accepted net machine is the sole reference product output; its configuration and net mass match cp_mass. The public product flow describes the full CPC category, not a particular Bühler model.

• Selected flow: Machinery used in the milling industry or for the working of cereals or dried leguminous vegetables other than farm-type machinery 777a709f-59dc-4927-843f-2e9546f5495e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: M kg
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_mass
• Sources: un-cpc-3-2025

Waste flows

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivision	shared factory operations	Use machine-specific meter, job, and bill-of-material records to subdivide shared operations before allocating their exchanges.	is-iso-14044-2006
allocation_physical	inseparable shared operations	If subdivision is infeasible, use and document a causal physical relationship, such as measured machine time or processed mass, and retain the unallocated total and reconciliation.	is-iso-14044-2006
allocation_other	operations without a defensible physical relation	Document a justified alternative relation and sensitivity to the allocation choice; do not insert a default factor.	is-iso-14044-2006

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_frame_casting	component_fabrication	purchased frame casting	bill of materials and receipt	model; configuration; casting part id; received mass; issue count	Reconcile accepted casting receipt and part issue to the same machine configuration.	kg	each accepted machine	acceptance production lot	manufacturing site and declared suppliers	per one accepted finished machine	receipt, supplier specification, issue ledger
cp_stainless_sheet	component_fabrication	stainless-steel sheet	issue and cutting records	model; configuration; material grade; issue mass; returned mass	Weigh or reconcile traceable sheet issue records for the declared food-contact components.	kg	each accepted machine	acceptance production lot	manufacturing site	per one accepted finished machine	grade certificate, issue and return ledger
cp_fabrication_electricity	component_fabrication	purchased grid electricity	submeter or equipment log	meter start; meter end; job id; machine count	Submeter fabrication electricity or attribute a documented job-meter total to accepted machines.	kWh	each job or shift	acceptance production lot	manufacturing site	per one accepted finished machine	meter calibration, job log, allocation record
cp_steel_scrap	component_fabrication	post-industrial steel scrap	scrap dispatch record	waste code; scale ticket mass; destination; job id	Weigh segregated fabrication steel scrap and reconcile dispatched mass to the job.	kg	each dispatch	acceptance production lot	manufacturing site	per one accepted finished machine	scale ticket, waste transfer record
cp_drive_motor	assembly_acceptance	purchased drive motor	accepted bill of materials	model; configuration; motor part id; installed mass; quantity	Reconcile installed motor and supplier mass record with the acceptance configuration.	kg	each accepted machine	acceptance production lot	manufacturing site and declared supplier	per one accepted finished machine	bill of materials, supplier specification, acceptance record
cp_test_electricity	assembly_acceptance	purchased grid electricity	acceptance-test meter	meter start; meter end; test id; serial number	Meter the acceptance test or attribute a documented test-bay meter total to accepted machines.	kWh	each test	acceptance production lot	manufacturing site	per one accepted finished machine	test record, meter calibration, allocation record
cp_mass	assembly_acceptance	reference product	calibrated weighing record	model; configuration; serial number; accepted net mass M	Weigh the accepted complete machine on a calibrated scale, excluding transport packaging; reconcile the same configuration and acceptance record.	kg	each accepted machine	acceptance date	manufacturing site	accepted net mass per machine	scale calibration, weigh ticket, signed acceptance record

Calculation Rules

No default numeric factor or machine weight is prescribed. Collected exchange totals are attributed to one accepted finished machine under the linked protocol. Retain shared-operation totals and allocation workings for review.

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_configuration	reference product and inputs	Match part, meter, waste and mass records to the same model, serial number, configuration and accepted lot.	bill of materials; acceptance record
dq_metering	electricity and mass	Preserve calibrated meter or scale evidence and explain attribution when a shared meter is used.	calibration certificate; meter log; allocation worksheet
dq_supply	purchased components	Record supplier, material grade, quantity and upstream dataset match; disclose missing supplier data.	supplier specification; receipt; dataset metadata
dq_completeness	entire inventory	Reconcile purchases, installed mass, returned stock and waste without assuming a universal machine material mix.	material balance; issue and scrap records

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validate_reference	completed machine	Confirm one reference output with M kg accepted net mass, the exact product UUID, matching configuration, and a linked cp_mass record.	is-iso-14044-2006
validate_inventory	foreground exchanges	Confirm each selected flow denotes one physical exchange, every collected row has its protocol, and purchased inputs have compatible upstream datasets.	is-iso-14044-2006
validate_allocation	shared operations	Reconcile allocated totals with measured factory totals, document the physical or alternative relation, and disclose gaps.	is-iso-14044-2006
validate_range_gap	reported quantities	Use foreground records for all quantities; do not treat the Diorit example or a single report assumption as a machine-category empirical range.	buhler-diorit-2019

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground manufacturing data package for one accepted complete machine configuration.
downstream_use	secondary_dataset or background_dataset after review of boundary and source quality.
allowed_use	Model cradle-to-factory-gate production of a declared non-farm cereal or dried-legume milling machine.
excluded_use	Do not use as grain-milling operation, food-product production, whole-plant installation, or machine lifetime service dataset.
required_metadata	PCR id; model; serial or representative configuration; grain or legume application; rated capacity; site; period; M; included components; supplier geographies.
required_quality_disclosure	Actual versus allocated exchanges; upstream dataset coverage; missing UUIDs; missing range evidence; excluded processes; uncertainty and data age.
update_trigger	New model or material configuration, manufacturing route, electricity source, acceptance protocol, or reviewed flow identity.

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-2025	official_guidance	United Nations Statistics Division, CPC Ver. 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv	Official product identity and exclusions relative to adjacent CPC descriptions.
buhler-diorit-2019	handbook	Bühler, Diorit Roller Mill MDDY/Z, Version 2019, pp. 1–2. https://dam.buhlergroup.com/asset/af37413b24454efb8d6787644dcff3b0/Brochure_Roller_Mill_Diorit_2019.pdf	Complete concrete machine example, cast-iron frame, food-contact materials and declared configuration; no generic amount.
is-iso-14044-2006	standard	Bureau of Indian Standards, IS/ISO 14044 (2006): Environmental Management—Life Cycle Assessment—Requirements and Guidelines, §§ 4.2.3.3, 4.3.2, 4.3.4. https://fenix.ciencias.ulisboa.pt/downloadFile/2251937252647064/is.iso.14044.2006.pdf	System boundary, unit-process data collection, normalization and allocation hierarchy.