Harrows, scarifies, cultivators, weeders and hoes

1. Scope and Applicability

Manufacture of one new, complete harrow, scarifier, cultivator, weeder or hoe in its accepted sale configuration. Manual and mounted designs are covered when their actual materials and routes are declared. Tractors, ploughs, seeders, separately sold parts, field use and end of life are excluded. Producers must add separately identified atomic BOM exchanges for actual components outside the representative rows below. The production dataset includes purchased input supply through linked background datasets and foreground fabrication, finishing, assembly and dispatch preparation. Product identity follows un-cpc-3-2025.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.special-purpose-machinery.harrows-scarifies-cultivators-weeders-and-hoes
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 44112 (un-cpc-3-2025)
covered_products	Complete harrows, scarifiers, cultivators, weeders and hoes for soil preparation or cultivation
excluded_products	Ploughs; seeders; tractors; separately sold parts; residual other soil machinery
representative_product	Accepted complete steel-frame cultivator with declared working tools and hitch
production_route	Purchased materials and parts; cutting/forming; conditional welding and coating; assembly, inspection and packaging
market_state	New accepted complete implement at factory gate; dispatch packaging reported separately

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Provide one complete implement for soil preparation or cultivation.
How much	One accepted finished implement of the declared configuration.
How well	Meets the manufacturer's declared configuration and acceptance specification.
How long or cycle	Factory-gate manufacture; no assumed field life or operating cycle.
reference_flow_link	finished_implement

Field	Value
Reference amount	M
Reference product flow	Harrows, scarifies, cultivators, weeders and hoes b7ca7dbf-8da6-4c2f-b5fc-2751058a221b
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	Subtype; model and configuration; manual or mounted drive; working width; principal materials; accepted net mass M; site and period.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	M = accepted net mass of one complete machine of the same configuration in kg; collect using cp_mass.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Purchased steel and other physical inputs at supplier delivery states, identified by actual BOM item.
starting_condition_role	Start of the foreground manufacturing unit process.
product_classification_scope	Complete named soil-working implements under CPC 44112.
recursive_input_rule	Record a purchased same-category complete implement only if physically incorporated; do not recursively model its manufacture in this foreground unit process.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Link each purchased atomic input to a state- and geography-appropriate upstream dataset; disclose unavailable matches.
disclosure	Declare site, period, operations, configuration, purchased subassemblies, packaging and excluded life-cycle stages.

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_gate	production dataset	Include fabrication, applicable finishing, assembly and dispatch preparation through factory gate; report packaging separately from net product mass.
boundary_variant	configuration	Include conditional exchanges only when the documented route uses them; add distinct atomic BOM exchanges for other actual components.

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
implement_manufacturing	Integrated implement manufacture	required	Every accepted complete implement	Cutting, forming, applicable welding/coating, assembly and dispatch preparation	per one accepted finished machine

Process: Integrated implement manufacture (implement_manufacturing)

Inputs

Product flows

Hot-rolled non-alloy steel sheet (steel_sheet)

Purchased sheet issued to the declared steel-frame route; distinguish other grades and shapes in the actual BOM.

• Selected flow: Non-Alloy Steel ce3ac926-5d6f-4558-9edc-67179d93dde4
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect sheet issued per one accepted finished machine from material issue and BOM records.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom
• Inclusion condition: Only when hot-rolled non-alloy steel sheet is used.

Alternating-current electricity (electricity_ac)

Record attributable purchased alternating-current energy consumed during manufacture.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 8bfc48b1-c262-4156-a817-b2c8a1b21598
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Collect metered energy attributable per one accepted finished machine in MJ.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_energy

Flux-cored welding wire (welding_wire)

Consumed wire on the documented flux-cored arc welding route.

• Selected flow: Flux Cored Wire 1b74a576-06e0-4764-97ce-11a73f8a4752
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect wire issued less traceable unused returns per one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom
• Inclusion condition: Only when flux-cored arc welding is used.

Polyester powder coating (polyester_powder)

Purchased dry polyester powder only where this finishing route is used; exact public flow UUID remains unresolved.

• Selected flow: Polyester powder coating
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect powder consumption per one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom
• Inclusion condition: Only when polyester powder coating is applied.

Corrugated dispatch box (corrugated_box)

Record box mass separately from accepted net machine mass when this packaging accompanies the implement.

• Selected flow: corrugated board boxes 4f197bec-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect box mass per one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_bom
• Inclusion condition: Only when a corrugated dispatch box is used.

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted finished implement (finished_implement)

The complete inspected implement without dispatch packaging.

• Selected flow: Harrows, scarifies, cultivators, weeders and hoes b7ca7dbf-8da6-4c2f-b5fc-2751058a221b
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: M kg
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_mass

Waste flows

Fabrication steel offcuts (steel_scrap)

Segregated post-industrial steel scrap leaving cutting and forming operations.

• Selected flow: Post-industrial steel scrap c143745d-be4f-4d8f-b403-2dcbfe685349
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Collect segregated scrap mass per one accepted finished machine.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per one accepted finished machine
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_scrap
• Inclusion condition: Only when steel cutting or forming generates offcuts.

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_shared	shared manufacturing inputs	Prefer separately metered or subdivided operations; otherwise allocate shared inputs to accepted configurations using a documented physical driver and disclose the driver and period.	ghg-product-2011
allocation_scrap	steel scrap	Record scrap as a waste output and disclose its destination; do not credit avoided virgin steel in this foreground inventory without a separately declared method.	ghg-product-2011

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_mass	implement_manufacturing	reference product	calibrated weighing and acceptance record	model; configuration; serial number; accepted net mass M	Weigh the accepted complete machine on a calibrated scale, excluding transport packaging; reconcile the same configuration and acceptance record.	kg	each accepted configuration	declared production period	manufacturing site	accepted net mass per machine	scale calibration and acceptance record
cp_bom	implement_manufacturing	purchased material and packaging inputs	BOM and material issue records	model; configuration; item identity; issued mass; unused return; accepted units	Reconcile purchased material and box issues to the actual configuration and accepted output.	kg	each production lot	declared production period	manufacturing site	net issued mass / accepted machines	supplier specification and issue ledger
cp_energy	implement_manufacturing	electricity input	meter and production records	meter reading; period; allocated MJ; accepted units	Read calibrated meter or utility record; convert kWh to MJ using 3.6 MJ/kWh and reconcile shared use by a documented driver.	MJ	each reporting period	declared production period	manufacturing site	attributable electricity / accepted machines	meter or utility record and allocation worksheet
cp_scrap	implement_manufacturing	steel scrap output	segregated scrap weighing	scrap mass; period; accepted units; destination	Weigh segregated steel offcuts and reconcile with material issue.	kg	each collection batch	declared production period	manufacturing site	attributable scrap / accepted machines	scale record and waste transfer note

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_configuration	all rows	Match BOM, metering and acceptance records to the declared configuration and period; identify excluded components.	BOM, production and acceptance records
dq_balance	material and scrap rows	Reconcile major steel input, accepted net product and segregated scrap; explain purchased parts and other outputs.	signed material balance
dq_background	purchased inputs	Document upstream dataset state, geography, technology and temporal fit; disclose missing matches.	supplier and background dataset metadata

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validate_mass	reference product	Confirm M is measured accepted net mass of the same complete configuration and excludes dispatch packaging.	un-cpc-3-2025
validate_inventory	inventory	Confirm atomic included rows, documented route conditions, per-machine quantities and distinct exchanges for other actual BOM items.	ghg-product-2011

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	foreground production inventory suitable for review as a secondary or background dataset
downstream_use	product flow, process and lifecyclemodel projections
allowed_use	Modelling an accepted implement with matching subtype, configuration and manufacturing route.
excluded_use	Inferring field-use lifetime, soil performance or unrecorded component quantities.
required_metadata	Site; period; subtype; model; configuration; accepted net mass M; working width; materials; operations; allocation driver.
required_quality_disclosure	Metering, BOM and weighing provenance; conditional routes; upstream dataset fit; unresolved UUID and range evidence.
update_trigger	Configuration, supplier, finishing route or manufacturing technology change.

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-2025	official_guidance	UN Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025; https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv	Product identity; retrieved 2026-09-24.
ghg-product-2011	standard	GHG Protocol, Product Life Cycle Accounting and Reporting Standard, 2011, section 9.2, pp. 62–63; https://ghgprotocol.org/sites/default/files/standards/Product-Life-Cycle-Accounting-Reporting-Standard_041613.pdf	Avoiding and performing allocation.