Bulldozer or angledozer blades

1. Scope and Applicability

This candidate governs factory manufacture of a complete bulldozer or angledozer blade, not a self-propelled machine or earthmoving service. Straight, U, semi-U and angle/tilt variants require a declared delivery configuration. The blade includes its moldboard, structural backing/side plates and installed cutting-edge/end-bit/wear group. Push arms, C-frame, pivot connections and tilt/angle cylinders are included only when the actual shipped BOM supplies them; a blade fitting existing tractor push arms does not inherit those arms or the tractor hydraulic system. Exclude engines, tracks, traction transmission, later installation/use, moved soil and working diesel. Detached replacement edges, liners, end bits and hydraulic parts require separate semantic/classification review and are not automatically complete blades. Sources: un-cpc3-blades; dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-blade-components.

The Dymax guide distinguishes model, liner, capacity and weight; these are specific configurations, not category defaults. Its abrasion blade fits existing outside-mounted arms and offers different wear packages. Caterpillar describes several blade/control variants. The Caterpillar patent contrasts separately formed welded panels with a one-piece cut/formed moldboard: neither route is mandatory. Measure actual accepted net mass and dimensions; no OEM listed weight, tractor horsepower or nominal blade capacity becomes a universal inventory factor. Sources: dymax-dozer-guide; cat-moldboard-patent.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.special-purpose-machinery.bulldozer-or-angledozer-blades
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 44429
covered_products	Actual configured complete bulldozer or angledozer blade
excluded_products	Complete self-propelled dozer; separately sold parts; earthmoving service; snowploughs and rakes
representative_product	Steel U-blade with declared installed wear group; not a universal recipe
production_route	Actual make/buy matrix; cut/form/weld; conditional machining, heat and surface treatment; assembly and acceptance
market_state	New accepted blade at factory gate; packaging separate

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Manufacture of the declared delivered blade configuration
How much	1 kg accepted complete blade of the same configuration
How well	Meets actual dimensional, attachment, weld and control acceptance; mass does not establish equivalence across capacity/functions
How long or cycle	One factory manufacturing/acceptance cycle; no service lifetime imposed
reference_flow_link	finished_blade

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Bulldozer or angledozer blades e2bc45f7-c072-4426-814c-f254a6b821ce
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	blade type; model; host interface; width/height and actual capacity definition; moldboard/side plate grade; wear package; shipped arms/frame/cylinder scope; net mass; make/buy; factory/year; acceptance; utility geography/voltage

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

In the measurement and collection clauses, unit means the complete delivered blade, excluding the self-propelled host. Mass, accepted count, BOM, acceptance and every exchange use the same delivered configuration.

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product	Mass	kg	M = accepted net mass of one complete unit of the same configuration in kg; collect using cp_mass.
material_assay	physical material and species records	Mass	kg	Each input, product, scrap, sludge, wastewater and emission term uses its own matched assay and wet/dry basis; gross mass is not contained iron or solvent.
energy_basis	electricity and fuel	Net calorific value	MJ	1 kWh = 3.6 MJ; fuel mass to energy needs actual heating value; rated host power is not factory energy.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Actual certified plate or completed components delivered by suppliers into plant
starting_condition_role	foreground_input
product_classification_scope	Complete dozer/angle blade, distinguished from host and separately sold parts
recursive_input_rule	Bought moldboard or blade assembly enters once as upstream product; do not recreate its embedded manufacture
upstream_dataset_requirement	Match grade, state, completed operations, supply interface, geography and year; disclose unresolved links
disclosure	Complete delivered BOM, wear options, arm/hydraulic boundary and test-rig ownership

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
boundary_factory	Include actual receiving, in-house operations, upstream outsourced products, assembly, factory tests, rework and packaging; later earthmoving, installation, maintenance and disposal are separate.	un-cpc3-blades; dymax-abrasion-blades
boundary_make_buy	Declare make/buy per moldboard, edge, end bit, side plate, frame, arm, pin and cylinder. Embedded plate, wire, treatment and supplier fill in bought completed components are not added again in foreground.	dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
fabrication	Plate cutting, forming, welding and machining	conditional	Actual in-house blade or frame fabrication, including one-piece or panel-built moldboard.	foreground	1 kg reference flow
surface	Heat treatment and wear/surface treatment	conditional	Only actual foreground heat treatment, hardfacing, blasting or coating; bought pretreated stock stays upstream.	foreground	1 kg reference flow
assembly	Blade configuration assembly	required	Assemble actual delivered blade BOM, including wear parts and only supplied arms/cylinders.	foreground	1 kg reference flow
test_pack	Factory acceptance and packaging	required	Actual dimensional, weld, attachment and conditional hydraulic tests before release.	foreground	1 kg reference flow
shared	Unassigned shared factory services	conditional	Only measured residual after process loads have been assigned.	foreground	1 kg reference flow

Cards below are conditional atomic exchanges, not a fixed blade recipe. Record actual material certificates, weld procedure, SDS and procurement interfaces. Another grade, fuel, chemical, component or emission species needs its own specific exchange with its own property/unit and identity review. A not-applicable route has evidence of absence; unknown is not zero. Bought Hardox/AR stock heat treatment stays upstream; foreground annealing/quenching, hardfacing, machining and coating occur only if work orders prove them. Record actual CO, NOx and metal aerosol species separately when present using measurements or route-specific factors; fuel carbon does not establish CO or NOx.

Process: Plate cutting, forming, welding and machining (fabrication)

Inputs

Product flows

AR400 abrasion-resistant steel plate (ar400)

Only actual certified AR400 plate in the BOM; do not replace with A36 or assume all blade plates are AR400.

• Selected flow: AR400 abrasion-resistant steel plate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Hardox 500 steel plate (hardox500)

Only actual selected Hardox 500 wear package, separate from the AR400 alternative.

• Selected flow: Hardox 500 steel plate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

ASTM A514 quenched and tempered steel plate (t1_plate)

Only when T1 side plate/support procurement certificates establish ASTM A514 and its grade; supplier shorthand alone is insufficient.

• Selected flow: ASTM A514 quenched and tempered steel plate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

ER70S-6 carbon steel welding wire (weld_wire)

Only if the actual qualified weld procedure specifies this wire; record another filler as a separate exact-grade exchange.

• Selected flow: ER70S-6 carbon steel welding wire
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Argon shielding gas (argon)

Only actual argon use; gas mixtures require individual component masses and supplier blend specification.

• Selected flow: Argon shielding gas
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Carbon dioxide shielding gas (shield_co2)

Only actual carbon dioxide shielding, separate from combustion emissions.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide shielding gas
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Oxygen cutting gas (oxygen)

Only actual oxygen cutting; plasma/laser/mechanical cutting has its own actual consumables.

• Selected flow: Oxygen cutting gas
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Acetylene cutting fuel (acetylene)

Only oxyacetylene cutting; actual propane or another fuel is a different atomic row, not a substitution inside this card.

• Selected flow: Acetylene cutting fuel
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Water-miscible mineral-oil cutting fluid concentrate (cutting_fluid)

Only actual machining concentrate with declared SDS/formulation; dilution water is separate.

• Selected flow: Water-miscible mineral-oil cutting fluid concentrate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Process water (water_fab)

Only fresh water crossing the boundary; internal return is paired transfer, not a new fresh-water input.

• Selected flow: Process water
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Alternating current (electricity_fabrication)

Conditional CN 1–35 kV grid-average supply to user. Other geography/voltage needs a matching provider identity. Use assigned actual process demand, not rated power or earthmoving-use diesel.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Segregated steel cutting scrap (steel_scrap)

Weigh actual grade-specific offcuts and chips; external recycling is a waste/provider link, not automatic avoided virgin steel.

• Selected flow: Segregated steel cutting scrap
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Spent mineral-oil cutting emulsion (spent_fluid)

Record actual water/oil/metal assay and destination.

• Selected flow: Spent mineral-oil cutting emulsion
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Captured iron-bearing welding and cutting dust (filter_dust)

Captured dust is a waste, distinct from uncaptured airborne release.

• Selected flow: Captured iron-bearing welding and cutting dust
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_fabrication.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_fabrication
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Elementary flows

Process: Heat treatment and wear/surface treatment (surface)

Inputs

Product flows

Natural gas (natural_gas)

Only actual in-house gas-fired heat treatment; record fuel composition and heating value, not rated furnace power.

• Selected flow: Natural gas
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Mineral-oil quenching oil (quench_oil)

Only actual oil quench with formulation and make-up; bought quenched plate has no foreground quenching operation.

• Selected flow: Mineral-oil quenching oil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Chromium-carbide hardfacing cored wire (carbide_wire)

Only in-house hardfacing using this exact consumable; bought carbide wear blocks enter as components.

• Selected flow: Chromium-carbide hardfacing cored wire
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Steel blasting grit (blast_grit)

Only actual blasting media make-up; recirculated grit is not repeatedly purchased.

• Selected flow: Steel blasting grit
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Two-component epoxy coating (epoxy_coat)

Only actual documented epoxy formulation; component ratio and contained solvent are recorded, another coating gets a distinct row.

• Selected flow: Two-component epoxy coating
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Xylene coating thinner (xylene)

Only actual separately added xylene; do not add contained paint solvent again as purchased thinner.

• Selected flow: Xylene coating thinner
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Alternating current (electricity_surface)

Conditional CN 1–35 kV grid-average supply to user. Other geography/voltage needs a matching provider identity. Use assigned actual process demand, not rated power or earthmoving-use diesel.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Epoxy paint overspray sludge (paint_sludge)

Use actual wet mass, water/solvent/resin/metal assays and destination.

• Selected flow: Epoxy paint overspray sludge
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Spent mineral-oil quenching oil (spent_quench)

Only waste crossing boundary; retained bath stock and internal recovery are reconciled.

• Selected flow: Spent mineral-oil quenching oil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Elementary flows

Xylene to air (xylene_air)

Only measured or species-resolved balance emission after retention, recovery, capture and actual destruction.

• Selected flow: Xylene to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air (fossil_co2)

Only actual fossil combustion; composition-based carbon accounting excludes carbon retained in residuals.

• Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_surface.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_surface
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Process: Blade configuration assembly (assembly)

Inputs

Product flows

Fabricated steel dozer moldboard (bought_moldboard)

Only bought finished moldboard; embedded stock/forming/welding is upstream once, not duplicate foreground material.

• Selected flow: Fabricated steel dozer moldboard
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_assembly.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_assembly
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Heat-treated steel bolt-on dozer cutting edge (bought_edge)

Only an edge installed in this delivered blade; a separately sold edge is outside this reference product.

• Selected flow: Heat-treated steel bolt-on dozer cutting edge
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_assembly.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_assembly
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Heat-treated steel dozer end bit (bought_endbit)

Only actual supplied end bit; grade, heat treatment and supplier are required.

• Selected flow: Heat-treated steel dozer end bit
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_assembly.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_assembly
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Fabricated steel dozer push arm (bought_arm)

Only if supplied in the declared blade assembly; existing tractor arms are excluded.

• Selected flow: Fabricated steel dozer push arm
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_assembly.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_assembly
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Hydraulic blade tilt cylinder (bought_cylinder)

Only supplied tilt cylinder; angle cylinder is a distinct component row when included.

• Selected flow: Hydraulic blade tilt cylinder
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_assembly.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_assembly
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Hydraulic blade angle cylinder (bought_angle)

Only actual shipped angle-control cylinder; no host hydraulic pump or engine is assumed.

• Selected flow: Hydraulic blade angle cylinder
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_assembly.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_assembly
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Machined steel blade pivot pin (bought_pin)

Only actual bought finished pin; bought cylinder or arm embedded pins are not re-added.

• Selected flow: Machined steel blade pivot pin
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_assembly.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_assembly
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

High-strength steel blade bolt (bolt)

Only actual fasteners installed with grade and count/mass reconciliation.

• Selected flow: High-strength steel blade bolt
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_assembly.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_assembly
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Alternating current (electricity_assembly)

Conditional CN 1–35 kV grid-average supply to user. Other geography/voltage needs a matching provider identity. Use assigned actual process demand, not rated power or earthmoving-use diesel.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_assembly.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_assembly
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Factory acceptance and packaging (test_pack)

Inputs

Product flows

ISO VG 46 mineral hydraulic oil (hydraulic_oil)

Only actual first fill or consumed test oil of this grade; returned test-rig oil and cylinder supplier fill remain distinct.

• Selected flow: ISO VG 46 mineral hydraulic oil
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_test_pack.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_pack
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Sawn softwood packaging timber (wood)

Only actual cradle timber outside accepted blade net mass.

• Selected flow: Sawn softwood packaging timber
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_test_pack.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_pack
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Low-density polyethylene packaging film (film)

Only actual transport film, separately weighed.

• Selected flow: Low-density polyethylene packaging film
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_test_pack.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_pack
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Alternating current (electricity_test_pack)

Conditional CN 1–35 kV grid-average supply to user. Other geography/voltage needs a matching provider identity. Use assigned actual process demand, not rated power or earthmoving-use diesel.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_test_pack.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_test_pack
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Bulldozer or angledozer blades (finished_blade)

Accepted complete configuration only, including documented installed wear group and supplied attachments.

• Selected flow: Bulldozer or angledozer blades e2bc45f7-c072-4426-814c-f254a6b821ce
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_mass
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Process: Unassigned shared factory services (shared)

Inputs

Product flows

Process water (water_shared)

Only causally assigned unallocated site residual; exclude water already assigned to fabrication and treatment.

• Selected flow: Process water
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_shared.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_shared
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Alternating current (electricity_shared)

Conditional CN 1–35 kV grid-average supply to user. Other geography/voltage needs a matching provider identity. Residual only, after all measured process assignments; never the full site meter added to submeters.

• Selected flow: Alternating current 3d76981f-964a-4865-b588-0e067a2a1163
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_shared.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_shared
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Metal-bearing process wastewater (wastewater)

Only actual discharge/treatment transfer with wet mass, water content and each metal species concentration.

• Selected flow: Metal-bearing process wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Apply normalize_mass to q_item; reference_mass; cp_mass; cp_shared.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow; collected per one accepted finished unit
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_shared
• Sources: dymax-abrasion-blades; cat-moldboard-patent

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
allocation_separate	First separate by same-configuration work orders and submeters; allocate shared services by measured causal drivers and disclose other lines. Blade capacity or host power does not substitute for measurement.
allocation_scrap	Retain reject, rework, cutting-loss and captured-waste burdens; reject and packaging mass are excluded from accepted-net-mass denominator. Recycling uses actual waste/provider links, with no default virgin-substitution credit.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

In the measurement and collection clauses, unit means the complete delivered blade, excluding the self-propelled host. Mass, accepted count, BOM, acceptance and every exchange use the same delivered configuration.

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_mass	test_pack	reference_product	weighing_record	model; configuration; serial number; accepted net mass M; accepted count N	Weigh the accepted complete unit on a calibrated scale, excluding transport packaging; reconcile the same configuration and acceptance record.	kg	per accepted unit	same production period	declared delivered blade, not host	accepted net mass per unit	calibration, tare, configuration and acceptance records
cp_fabrication	fabrication	atomic_exchanges	production_record	exchange identity; Q; N; configuration; meter units; stock opening/closing; wet/dry basis; own assay; route; period; provider	Meters, weighing, procurement, work orders, sampling and provider records; retain reject/rework burdens.	MJ for energy; kg for mass	per batch and meter interval	same production period	actual plant and delivered configuration	attributable exchange amount / accepted units	calibration, sampling, stocks, allocation and uncertainty evidence
cp_surface	surface	atomic_exchanges	production_record	exchange identity; Q; N; configuration; meter units; stock opening/closing; wet/dry basis; own assay; route; period; provider	Meters, weighing, procurement, work orders, sampling and provider records; retain reject/rework burdens.	MJ for energy; kg for mass	per batch and meter interval	same production period	actual plant and delivered configuration	attributable exchange amount / accepted units	calibration, sampling, stocks, allocation and uncertainty evidence
cp_assembly	assembly	atomic_exchanges	production_record	exchange identity; Q; N; configuration; meter units; stock opening/closing; wet/dry basis; own assay; route; period; provider	Meters, weighing, procurement, work orders, sampling and provider records; retain reject/rework burdens.	MJ for energy; kg for mass	per batch and meter interval	same production period	actual plant and delivered configuration	attributable exchange amount / accepted units	calibration, sampling, stocks, allocation and uncertainty evidence
cp_test_pack	test_pack	atomic_exchanges	production_record	exchange identity; Q; N; configuration; meter units; stock opening/closing; wet/dry basis; own assay; route; period; provider	Meters, weighing, procurement, work orders, sampling and provider records; retain reject/rework burdens.	MJ for energy; kg for mass	per batch and meter interval	same production period	actual plant and delivered configuration	attributable exchange amount / accepted units	calibration, sampling, stocks, allocation and uncertainty evidence
cp_shared	shared	atomic_exchanges	production_record	exchange identity; Q; N; configuration; meter units; stock opening/closing; wet/dry basis; own assay; route; period; provider	Meters, weighing, procurement, work orders, sampling and provider records; retain reject/rework burdens.	MJ for energy; kg for mass	per batch and meter interval	same production period	actual plant and delivered configuration	attributable exchange amount / accepted units	calibration, sampling, stocks, allocation and uncertainty evidence

Within each single configuration and common period, Q is the attributable exchange including reject/rework consumption, N the accepted blade count and M the sum of calibrated accepted net masses divided by N. Collect q_item = Q/N and convert with normalize_mass; consequently q_ref = Q/sum(accepted net masses). Never average dissimilar blade variants, add gross packing/reject mass to the denominator, or use nominal OEM weight as measured M. Allocate stocks and work in progress consistently to the period and delivered configuration.

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
normalize_mass	all inventory rows	q_ref = q_item / M; q_item = exchange amount per one accepted finished unit; q_ref = exchange amount per 1 kg reference flow.	q_item; M; cp_mass	q_ref

Reconcile utilities in identical site periods and units: purchased imports plus actual on-site generation minus exports and storage change equals assigned fabrication/surface/assembly/test demand plus unassigned shared residual and evidenced conversion losses. Shared cards carry only that unassigned residual. Investigate negative residuals against period alignment, calibration, allocation and combined uncertainty; never clip them to zero. In-house generation has its fuel, water and emissions recorded once and its internal electricity transfer paired; do not also purchase that electricity.

Close water on actual water content of every input moisture, dilution/quench/cleaning water, retained product and fluids, wet scrap/sludge, wastewater, evaporation and stock change; include water produced/consumed by actual reactions. Paired internal return transfers cancel within the same boundary. For each contained metal/species, apply that term's own grade assay, concentration, wet/dry conversion and amount to input, product, scrap, slag, captured dust, sludge, wastewater, release and stock terms; include reactions where the species changes. Gross steel mass is not iron mass, and wastewater mass is not metal mass. Investigate closure with combined measurement/sampling/allocation uncertainty, no universal tolerance or yield.

For xylene or another actual solvent, distinguish solvent supplied inside paint and separate thinner, product retention, recovery, capture-media content, stock change, actual destruction and non-air wastes. Only the reconciled species-specific remainder supported by measurement becomes an air emission; captured or recovered solvent is not an air release. Combustion carbon requires actual fuel carbon and other carbon outputs; CO, NOx and particulate metal need their own measurement or applicable emission evidence.

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
quality_identity	all exchanges	Actual type, chemical/component identity, delivery state, geography, units and provider interface; no mixed-metal candidate substitutes for an exact steel grade.	certificates, SDS and direct identity review
quality_complete	data package	Disclose collected/calculated/not-applicable/unknown/missing state per row, UUID/range gaps; unknown is not zero.	route matrix, raw records, measurements and uncertainty

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Rule	source_ids
validate_configuration	Reference product, acceptance, mass denominator and inventory must share one delivered configuration; verify excluded host/parts and supplied-option status.	dymax-dozer-guide; un-cpc3-blades
validate_balance	Reconcile atomic exchanges, upstream counted once, water/species/metal balances, shared residual, stocks and rework against measured uncertainty; no invented universal range.
validate_identity	Adopt UUID only with directly confirmed type, official bilingual name, property/unit, state/interface and geography. CN medium-voltage user power is conditional; disclose unresolved identities/ranges for prepublication review.
validate_denominator	For each configuration and matched period, retain attributable Q including reject/rework burdens; N is accepted delivered blades and M is sum of calibrated accepted net blade masses / N. q_item = Q/N and q_ref = Q/sum of accepted net masses. Exclude packaging/reject mass and other blade configurations from denominator; align stocks and work in progress.
validate_utility_residual	Use the same site period and units to reconcile purchased imports plus actual on-site generation minus exports and storage change against assigned fabrication/surface/assembly/test demand plus shared residual and evidenced conversion losses. Shared rows include only unassigned residual. Investigate negative residual with period, calibration, allocation and combined uncertainty, never clip. Record generation fuel/water/emissions once and cancel paired internal transfers.
validate_water_closure	For each water-bearing input and output use its own actual water content and wet/dry basis: input moisture, fresh/dilution/quench/cleaning water, product/fluid retention, wet scrap/sludge, wastewater, evaporation, opening/closing stocks and actual reaction water production/consumption. Cancel paired internal returns. Investigate closure against combined measurement/sampling/allocation uncertainty; no universal tolerance.
validate_contained_species	For every metal/chemical species, match each term independently with its own grade assay, concentration, amount and wet/dry conversion for inputs, product, scrap, slag, captured dust, sludge, wastewater, releases and opening/closing stocks. Include actual species reactions and cancel paired internal returns. Gross steel/wastewater mass never equals contained iron/species mass. Closure uses combined measurement/sampling/allocation uncertainty, not invented yield.
validate_solvent_emissions	Balance each actual solvent supplied inside paint separately from added thinner against product retention, recovery, capture-media content, stocks, actual destruction and non-air wastes before assigning measured species-resolved air release. Captured/recovered solvent is not air emission. Fuel carbon balance may support actual CO2 with matched fuel carbon and other carbon outputs, but never establishes CO, NOx or metal aerosol; use separate applicable species evidence.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	foreground_dataset
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	Manufacturing data for same delivered configuration, projected to process/lifecyclemodel
excluded_use	Earthmoving service, host manufacture, universal capacity equivalence or unreviewed separately sold part substitution
required_metadata	model, delivered BOM, make/buy, routes, net mass, period, plant, supply interfaces and collection protocols
required_quality_disclosure	unresolved UUIDs, missing empirical ranges, conditional routes, allocation and uncertainty
update_trigger	design, grade, wear package, provider, route, geography or voltage change

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc3-blades	official_guidance	UNSD CPC Version 3.0 explanatory notes (2025-06-30), 44421 and 44429: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Exp_Notes_30Jun2025.pdf	Blade versus self-propelled host classification; label does not prove route
dymax-abrasion-blades	handbook	Dymax Heavy Duty Abrasion U Blades: https://dymaxinc.com/attachments/abrasion-u-dozer-blades/	Wear options, cutting-edge group and existing-arm interface, not universal recipe
dymax-dozer-guide	handbook	Dymax Dozer Product Guide, coal U-blade table and variant pages: https://dymaxinc.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Dozer-Product-Guide-web.pdf	Model/liner/capacity/weight variants; no universal mass
cat-blade-components	handbook	Caterpillar, Your Cat Dozer Blade Level Indicator: https://www.cat.com/en_US/articles/for-owners/small-dozers/small-dozer-blade-level-indicator.html	OEM blade types, attachment/control components, not every sale configuration
cat-moldboard-patent	literature	Caterpillar Inc., WO2009002409A1 (filed 2008-06-13; published 2008-12-31), detailed description and figures 2–7: https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2009002409A1/en	Manufacturer original disclosure: panel versus one-piece cut/form/weld alternatives; not industry-wide process