Motors of an output not exceeding 37.5 W; other DC motors; DC generators other than photovoltaic generators

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers factory-gate production of complete electric motors with rated output not exceeding 37.5 W, other direct-current motors, and direct-current generators other than photovoltaic generators. It applies to brushed, brushless, permanent-magnet, and wound-field designs only when the finished product meets the declared category identity. The English boundary follows the official CPC 3.0 structure (un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025).

Photovoltaic generators, AC-only motors and alternators, generating sets, rotary converters, motor-driven equipment as a whole, and standalone replacement parts are excluded. Use and maintenance electricity, installation, distribution after the declared factory gate, and end-of-life treatment are outside the default boundary. A data package may extend those stages, but must report them separately.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.metal-products-machinery-and-equipment.electrical-machinery-and-apparatus.motors-of-an-output-not-exceeding-37-5-w-other-dc-motors-dc-generators-other-than-photo-ffdf4167
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 46111 (exact classification context; mapping acceptance remains separately governed)
covered_products	complete motors of rated output not exceeding 37.5 W; other complete DC motors; complete DC generators other than photovoltaic generators
excluded_products	photovoltaic generators; AC-only motors and generators; generating sets; rotary converters; standalone parts; products whose electrical machine is not the saleable reference product
representative_product	a packed, factory-tested complete DC motor or DC generator ready for dispatch
production_route	purchased-material and component preparation, magnetic-core and shaft fabrication where performed, winding and insulation, rotor/commutation assembly, impregnation and curing where used, final assembly, testing, finishing, and packing
market_state	new complete product at the manufacturing facility gate, with rated output, motor/generator function, commutation technology, magnet technology, cooling arrangement, enclosure, mass, and packing state declared

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	a complete CPC 46111 electric motor or DC generator meeting the declared technical specification
How much	1 kg of packed finished product at the factory gate
How well	passed the manufacturer's declared final electrical, mechanical, and safety inspection, with tested characteristics and test basis retained
How long or cycle	one production reporting period; service life and use-stage output are not part of this reference flow
reference_flow_link	finished_motor_generator

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Electric motors a17dfc74-85fa-4cdc-bd1f-61c543d349f2
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	motor or generator function; rated output and rating basis; DC or universal supply characteristic where relevant; brushed, brushless, or other commutation technology; permanent-magnet chemistry or wound-field design; pole count; rated voltage; duty and duty type; efficiency or loss test method when reported; cooling arrangement; enclosure and protection class; embedded controller inclusion; product mass basis; packing state; production geography; reporting period; factory gate

When constructing a foreground data package, every required qualifier must be declared in dataset metadata, process notes, the reference-flow comment, the product description, or an equivalent field. The broad Tiangong reference flow does not supply product-specific technology, rating, geography, or packing facts.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product and all mass-normalized exchanges	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Measure net finished-machine mass and included dispatch packaging separately, then report their sum as the packed reference product; normalize every exchange to exactly 1 kg packed product and disclose both masses.
energy_conversion	purchased electricity and natural gas	energy for electricity; volume for gaseous natural gas	MJ for electricity; m3 for natural gas	Preserve metered source units and reference conditions. Convert electricity to MJ using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ; disclose the temperature and pressure basis for gas volume and do not infer it from mass without a documented composition and conversion.
rated_output_basis	category eligibility and product metadata	rated mechanical output for motors or rated electrical output for generators	W or kW	Record the nameplate rating and rating basis. Apply the 37.5 W threshold only to the first category branch; do not apply it to the separate “other DC motors” or “DC generators” branches.
scrap_mass_balance	steel, copper, and aluminium inputs and scrap outputs	Mass	kg	Reconcile input mass to incorporated material, saleable co-product if any, waste scrap, and measured stock change over the reporting period without netting recycled scrap from virgin or purchased input.

5. System Boundary

The foreground boundary is gate-to-gate manufacture. Purchased materials and components cross the starting gate; component preparation, winding, rotor and stator assembly, impregnation or curing where performed, final assembly, testing, finishing, and packing remain foreground operations. The manufacturing-chain decomposition and the need to link gate-to-gate records to upstream datasets are supported by nordelof-tillman-2018-motor-manufacturing.

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
boundary_factory_gate	all foreground processes	Include all operations under the reporting manufacturer's operational control from receipt of purchased materials or components through release of the packed finished motor or generator; disclose outsourced steps and do not silently omit them.	nordelof-tillman-2018-motor-manufacturing
boundary_upstream_inputs	purchased product inputs	Link each purchased material, component, electricity supply, and fuel to an upstream dataset matching material grade, product state, technology, geography, and delivery boundary; do not count upstream emissions as direct factory emissions.	nordelof-tillman-2018-motor-manufacturing
boundary_route_condition	conditional technologies	Include permanent magnets only for the declared permanent-magnet route, carbon brushes only for a brushed commutated route, and direct-fired curing gas and its direct fossil carbon dioxide only when those operations occur at the reporting site.
boundary_additional_exchanges	facility inventory completeness	Add any additional crossing exchange as a separate substance- or product-specific row with its own identity, property, amount method, and evidence; never replace missing detail with a collective material, utility, waste, or emissions label.

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	purchased materials and components received at the reporting manufacturing facility gate, with the in-house versus purchased-subassembly split declared
starting_condition_role	foreground gate-to-gate starting condition; upstream production remains represented by linked datasets
product_classification_scope	complete products meeting the semantic CPC 46111 boundary, independent of any one route or nameplate rating within the three covered branches
recursive_input_rule	a purchased motor or generator incorporated into another covered product is recorded as a separate same-category product input with its own upstream dataset and is not recursively re-expanded inside this foreground package
upstream_dataset_requirement	every purchased material, component, packaging item, electricity supply, and fuel requires a geography-, technology-, grade-, and product-state-compatible upstream dataset
disclosure	disclose the product branch, technology, rated output, production geography, reporting period, operations performed in-house, outsourced operations, packaging inclusion, cut-offs, allocation, and all missing upstream datasets

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
component_fabrication	Component preparation and mechanical fabrication	required	Record purchased finished components as inputs and set unperformed in-house fabrication exchanges to not applicable with evidence.	foreground material preparation, lamination cutting or stacking, shaft and housing preparation	kg of accepted components transferred to electromagnetic assembly per 1 kg packed finished product
electromagnetic_assembly	Winding, insulation, rotor/stator assembly, and curing	required	Magnet, brush, and direct-fired curing rows apply only to the declared technology.	foreground electrical and magnetic assembly	kg of accepted electromagnetic assembly transferred to final assembly per 1 kg packed finished product
final_assembly_testing_packing	Final assembly, testing, and packing	required	All saleable products require final assembly and release inspection; packing reflects the declared dispatch state.	foreground completion and reference-product output	1 kg packed finished reference product

Process: Component preparation and mechanical fabrication (component_fabrication)

Inputs

Product flows

Electrical steel sheet for laminations (electrical_steel_sheet)

Record silicon electrical-steel sheet crossing the factory boundary for stator or rotor laminations; grade, coating, thickness, and purchased-lamination status are foreground qualifiers.

• Selected flow: Electrical steel sheet
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass received and consumed, reconciled to stock change and returned material
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_component_materials
• Sources:

Steel bar for the shaft (shaft_steel_bar)

Record the specific alloy-steel or non-alloy-steel bar consumed for an in-house machined shaft; purchased finished shafts must be recorded separately in the foreground package.

• Selected flow: Steel bar for motor shaft
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured bar mass issued to shaft machining, adjusted for stock return
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_component_materials
• Sources:

Die-cast aluminium motor housing (aluminum_motor_housing)

Record purchased or internally cast aluminium housing bodies and end-bells that enter the product; alloy and purchased-versus-cast state are required qualifiers.

• Selected flow: Die-cast aluminium motor housing
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured accepted housing mass consumed, including parts later rejected within the reporting period
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_component_materials
• Sources:

Component-fabrication electricity (component_electricity)

Record metered electricity for lamination cutting or stacking, shaft and housing machining, compressed air, and allocated technical building services within this process.

• Selected flow: Electricity 890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: metered or submetered electricity attributed to component fabrication
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_component_energy
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Ferrous lamination and machining scrap (electrical_steel_scrap)

Record segregated electrical-steel and other ferrous offcuts leaving the process as one steel-scrap stream only when they share the same downstream handling.

• Selected flow: Steel scrap b82f6725-9112-4121-abe1-f94420e7c684
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured outgoing ferrous scrap plus inventory change, before any avoided-burden credit
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_component_scrap
• Sources:

Aluminium housing machining scrap (aluminum_scrap)

Record aluminium chips and offcuts from housing preparation as a mass-based scrap stream; keep dross or contaminated swarf separate when present.

• Selected flow: Aluminium Scrap 96c5f842-ea53-419b-b1cd-c02c479efb45
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured outgoing aluminium scrap plus inventory change
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_component_scrap
• Sources:

Elementary flows

Process: Winding, insulation, rotor/stator assembly, and curing (electromagnetic_assembly)

Inputs

Product flows

NdFeB permanent magnets (ndfeb_magnet)

Include only when an NdFeB permanent-magnet rotor is manufactured or assembled within the declared product route.

• Selected flow: NdFeB magnet a598b760-108c-4d70-93f9-59098959141e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured installed and rejected NdFeB magnet mass issued to the production route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product for the NdFeB route
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_electromagnetic_materials
• Sources:

Ferrite permanent magnets (ferrite_magnet)

Include only when a ceramic or ferrite permanent-magnet rotor is manufactured or assembled within the declared product route.

• Selected flow: Permanent ceramic or ferrite magnets 59fbfc86-a725-413c-b3df-d6f7683036d5
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured installed and rejected ferrite magnet mass issued to the production route
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product for the ferrite route
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_electromagnetic_materials
• Sources:

Insulated copper winding wire (magnet_wire)

Record magnet wire consumed in stator or rotor windings, including wire in rejected windings and subtracting verified stock returns.

• Selected flow: Magnet wire 2bf8a4db-b29e-404a-ae6c-402adbb77af4
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured magnet-wire mass issued less returned stock
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_electromagnetic_materials
• Sources:

PET electrical-insulation film (pet_insulation_film)

Record polyethylene-terephthalate slot, phase, or winding insulation film where used; thickness, grade, and laminate composition must be declared.

• Selected flow: Polyethylene terephthalate 1ce0d026-923b-4339-a8ca-31e228475c75
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured PET insulation-film mass consumed
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product for routes using PET film
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_electromagnetic_materials
• Sources:

Epoxy winding impregnation resin (epoxy_impregnation_resin)

Record epoxy resin retained in the winding and production losses when epoxy impregnation is performed; formulation, solvent content, and curing system must be declared.

• Selected flow: Epoxy resin e2bab6ae-d42f-4fca-bab5-ae9c6692f105
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured epoxy resin issued less recovered reusable resin and stock return
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product for epoxy-impregnated routes
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_electromagnetic_materials
• Sources:

Electromagnetic-assembly electricity (electromagnetic_electricity)

Record electricity used for winding, insertion, joining, impregnation, curing, rotor assembly, balancing, compressed air, and allocated technical building services.

• Selected flow: Electricity 890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: metered or submetered electricity attributed to electromagnetic assembly
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_electromagnetic_energy
• Sources:

Natural gas for direct-fired curing (curing_natural_gas)

Include only when gaseous natural gas crosses the foreground boundary to supply direct-fired curing heat; exclude upstream gas-supply emissions from direct factory emissions.

• Selected flow: natural gas in the gaseous state 4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
• Amount rule: metered natural-gas volume at declared reference conditions attributed to curing
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product for direct-fired natural-gas curing
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_electromagnetic_energy
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Copper winding scrap (copper_scrap)

Record clean copper winding offcuts and rejected copper wire leaving as copper scrap; mixed or insulated waste wire must be reported separately if its treatment differs.

• Selected flow: Copper Scrap 4fbbb5f1-560a-4052-ba0c-652c5dfc282e
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured outgoing copper scrap plus inventory change
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_electromagnetic_scrap_emissions
• Sources:

Elementary flows

Direct fossil carbon dioxide from curing (curing_fossil_co2)

Include only direct fossil carbon dioxide emitted by on-site natural-gas curing. Do not include power-grid or upstream fuel emissions in this row.

• Selected flow: carbon dioxide (fossil) 08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured stack emission or calculated direct combustion emission from metered gas using a documented site-specific carbon factor
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product for direct-fired natural-gas curing
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_electromagnetic_scrap_emissions
• Sources:

Process: Final assembly, testing, and packing (final_assembly_testing_packing)

Inputs

Product flows

Ball or roller bearings (motor_bearing)

Record complete bearings installed in the motor or generator; bearing type, material, sealing, and size remain product qualifiers.

• Selected flow: Ball or roller bearings 9b10184f-db9d-4cc7-94b5-02ab19ca370d
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of accepted and rejected bearings issued to assembly less stock return
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_final_components_packaging
• Sources:

Electrical carbon brushes (carbon_brush)

Include only for a brushed commutated DC route and record the concrete brush grade and holder inclusion; do not use household-brush or electrolysis-anode identities.

• Selected flow: Electrical carbon brush
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of carbon brushes installed and rejected less stock return
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product for brushed routes
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_final_components_packaging
• Sources:

Corrugated board dispatch box (corrugated_board_box)

Record corrugated board boxes included in the declared packed product; reusable transport packaging outside the saleable dispatch unit must be modelled separately.

• Selected flow: corrugated board boxes 4f197bec-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured corrugated-box mass consumed for dispatched conforming products
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_final_components_packaging
• Sources:

Final assembly and test electricity (final_assembly_electricity)

Record electricity for presses and tools, final electrical and mechanical tests, finishing equipment, packing, compressed air, and allocated technical building services.

• Selected flow: Electricity 890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: metered or submetered electricity attributed to final assembly, testing, finishing, and packing
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_final_energy
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Packed finished motor or DC generator (finished_motor_generator)

This is the quantitative reference output. Rejects and rework do not enter the reference-product mass until they pass the declared release inspection.

• Selected flow: Electric motors a17dfc74-85fa-4cdc-bd1f-61c543d349f2
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: normalized mass of conforming packed finished product released at the factory gate
• Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: exactly 1 kg packed finished product
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
• Collection protocol: cp_finished_output
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivide	mixed products, routes, or production lines	First subdivide metered processes, batches, and material issues by product family, technology route, and reporting period wherever physically separate records exist.
allocation_causal	remaining shared energy and auxiliary operations	Allocate remaining shared burdens using a documented causal driver such as machine time, metered energy, throughput mass, or test time; mass allocation is permitted only when it reasonably represents the physical cause.
allocation_scrap	steel, copper, and aluminium scrap	Report scrap mass and destination explicitly. Do not subtract scrap revenue, recycled-content credit, or avoided primary production from foreground inputs or direct emissions; any end-of-life or substitution credit must be a separately disclosed scenario.
allocation_no_double_count	purchased subassemblies and outsourced operations	Do not include both an upstream purchased-subassembly dataset and the same subassembly's fabrication burdens inside the foreground system unless the boundary split and non-overlap are demonstrated.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_component_materials	component_fabrication	electrical steel, shaft bar, and aluminium housing inputs	purchase, receiving, issue, return, stock, and bill-of-material records	product code; material grade; product state; mass received; mass issued; mass returned; opening stock; closing stock; batch; date	calibrated scale records reconciled to enterprise material records	kg	per receipt and issue; aggregate monthly	at least 12 consecutive representative months or the full production campaign	all reporting-site component operations and relevant outsourced steps	consumed mass = opening stock + receipts - closing stock - verified returns; normalize by conforming packed output mass	scale calibration; invoice or delivery record; stock reconciliation; bill of materials; batch trace
cp_component_energy	component_fabrication	electricity	utility meter and submeter records	meter id; opening reading; closing reading; multiplier; process assignment; downtime; reporting dates	calibrated meter or documented facility allocation	kWh, converted to MJ	continuous or shift readings; aggregate monthly	same period as output	component-fabrication equipment and allocated services	sum verified meter increments, remove documented non-production loads, allocate residual shared loads causally, convert to MJ, divide by packed output kg	meter calibration; utility invoice reconciliation; allocation worksheet
cp_component_scrap	component_fabrication	ferrous and aluminium scrap	weigh ticket, scrap-bin, and stock records	material identity; contamination state; mass; destination; opening stock; closing stock; date	calibrated scale and destination documentation	kg	each shipment or bin clearance; aggregate monthly	same period as output	all component-fabrication scrap points	outgoing mass + closing stock - opening stock, separated by metal and treatment route, divided by packed output kg	weigh ticket; scale calibration; recycler receipt; mass-balance reconciliation
cp_electromagnetic_materials	electromagnetic_assembly	magnets, magnet wire, PET film, and epoxy resin	issue, return, formulation, batch, and bill-of-material records	product code; chemistry or grade; mass issued; mass returned; recovered reusable material; rejected amount; batch; route	calibrated weighing and production issue reconciliation	kg	per batch or material issue; aggregate monthly	same period as output	winding, insulation, rotor/stator assembly, and impregnation areas	net consumed mass = issued - verified return - recovered reusable material; keep route-specific totals; divide by packed output kg	scale calibration; batch traveller; formulation record; stock reconciliation
cp_electromagnetic_energy	electromagnetic_assembly	electricity and natural gas	electricity and gas meter records	meter id; readings; electricity multiplier; gas volume; gas reference temperature and pressure; process assignment; reporting dates	calibrated meter or documented facility allocation	kWh and m3	continuous or shift readings; aggregate monthly	same period as output	electromagnetic assembly and curing equipment plus allocated services	sum verified increments by carrier and route; convert electricity to MJ; retain gas in m3 at declared reference conditions; divide each by packed output kg	meter calibration; invoice reconciliation; route and oven log; allocation worksheet
cp_electromagnetic_scrap_emissions	electromagnetic_assembly	copper scrap and direct curing carbon dioxide	scrap weigh records, stack measurements, and fuel-carbon calculation records	copper scrap mass; destination; stack CO2 mass; metered gas; carbon factor; oxidation factor; calculation version; reporting dates	calibrated scale; direct stack measurement where available; otherwise documented calculation from metered fuel	kg	each scrap shipment and each emissions reporting interval; aggregate monthly	same period as output	winding and on-site curing operations only	calculate copper scrap by stock balance; use measured direct CO2 or metered fuel multiplied by documented site factor; exclude upstream emissions; divide by packed output kg	weigh tickets; analyser calibration; gas meter record; factor provenance; calculation audit trail
cp_final_components_packaging	final_assembly_testing_packing	bearings, carbon brushes, and corrugated boxes	component issue, return, bill-of-material, and packaging records	product code; component type; brush route; mass issued; mass returned; rejects; packed unit count; packaging mass	calibrated weighing and traceable material issues	kg	per batch or issue; aggregate monthly	same period as output	final assembly and packing areas	net consumed mass by atomic component = issued - verified return; divide by packed output kg and retain technology applicability	bill of materials; route traveller; scale calibration; packaging specification
cp_final_energy	final_assembly_testing_packing	final assembly and test electricity	utility meter, test-rig, and equipment runtime records	meter readings; test-rig energy; runtime; product family; rejected test; reporting dates	calibrated submeter or documented causal allocation	kWh, converted to MJ	per test where available and monthly meter reconciliation	same period as output	final assembly, finishing, test, and packing equipment plus allocated services	sum direct readings and causally allocated shared load; include failed tests; convert to MJ; divide by packed output kg	meter calibration; test log; invoice reconciliation; allocation worksheet
cp_finished_output	final_assembly_testing_packing	packed finished reference product	final inspection, release, packing, and dispatch records	product id; branch; rating; technology; net product mass; packaging mass; accepted quantity; reject quantity; release date	calibrated weighing linked to release inspection	kg	each released batch; aggregate monthly	same period as all inputs	all conforming product released from the reporting factory	packed output mass = accepted net product mass + included dispatch packaging mass; normalize the package to exactly 1 kg	scale calibration; signed inspection record; nameplate record; packing specification; dispatch record

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
calc_material_normalization	every mass-based product input and scrap output	normalized exchange = reconciled net exchange mass / conforming packed output mass	applicable material or scrap protocol; cp_finished_output	kg exchange per 1 kg packed finished product
calc_electricity_normalization	each electricity row	normalized electricity = reconciled kWh × 3.6 / conforming packed output mass	applicable energy protocol; cp_finished_output	MJ electricity per 1 kg packed finished product
calc_gas_normalization	curing_natural_gas	normalized gas = metered m3 at declared reference conditions / conforming packed output mass	cp_electromagnetic_energy; cp_finished_output	m3 natural gas per 1 kg packed finished product
calc_direct_co2	curing_fossil_co2	use measured direct stack CO2 where valid; otherwise multiply metered gas by a documented site-specific fossil-carbon factor and oxidation basis, then divide by conforming packed output mass	cp_electromagnetic_scrap_emissions; cp_finished_output	kg direct fossil CO2 per 1 kg packed finished product
calc_reference_output	finished_motor_generator	divide every exchange by conforming packed output mass so the quantitative reference output equals exactly 1 kg	cp_finished_output	1 kg packed finished product

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	reference product and route-conditional rows	Retain product branch, nameplate rated output and basis, commutation and magnet technology, duty, rated voltage, cooling, enclosure, embedded-controller inclusion, product mass, packing state, and factory gate.	nameplate, product specification, bill of materials, route traveller, and release record; motor terminology and test context may be checked against iea-4e-peet-motor-regulations-2022
dq_temporal	all foreground records	Use one common representative period, normally at least 12 consecutive months; if a shorter campaign is used, justify seasonality, start-up, shutdown, maintenance, and product-mix effects.	dated meter, stock, production, inspection, and dispatch records
dq_completeness	all crossing exchanges	Reconcile material, energy, scrap, direct-emission, reject, and output records. Report every additional exchange atomically and disclose missing upstream datasets or records.	mass-balance worksheet, energy reconciliation, emissions register, and completeness checklist
dq_measurement	metered and weighed values	Identify instrument, unit, calibration state, coverage, estimation or allocation, and any conversion factor; do not replace missing foreground records with the unresolved external ranges listed in review metadata.	calibration certificates, meter logs, weigh tickets, and calculation audit trail
dq_geography_technology	foreground and linked upstream datasets	Match production geography, electricity supply, material grade, product state, component technology, and delivery boundary; justify every proxy.	supplier declarations, dataset metadata, procurement records, and proxy-justification record

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
validate_identity_scope	reference product	Confirm that the saleable reference product is a complete product within one of the three covered branches and is not a photovoltaic generator, AC-only machine, generating set, rotary converter, standalone part, or larger host equipment.	un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025
validate_reference_mass	quantitative reference	Confirm that accepted net product mass plus included dispatch packaging mass equals the denominator used to normalize all rows to exactly 1 kg; report both component masses.
validate_route_applicability	conditional rows	Confirm that NdFeB and ferrite magnet rows, carbon brushes, natural-gas curing, and direct fossil CO2 are present only for applicable declared routes, and that mutually exclusive magnet rows are not both populated unless the product actually contains both chemistries.
validate_atomic_inventory	process inventory	Confirm that every additional material, component, energy carrier, waste, and elementary emission is represented by one concrete atomic exchange with its own property, unit, amount method, and identity resolution status.
validate_mass_energy_reconciliation	foreground records	Reconcile material issues, stock changes, incorporated mass, scrap, rejects, packed output, electricity, and gas to the common reporting period; investigate and document residuals.
validate_uuid_semantics	UUID-bearing rows	Confirm public state-100 identity, English and Chinese baseName, flow type, classification, reference property, unit group, product state, geography, technology, and generalComment before reuse; blank UUID rows remain unresolved rather than proxied.
validate_allocation	shared processes and scrap	Confirm subdivision was attempted first, every residual allocation has a causal driver and disclosed fraction, scrap is reported gross, and no upstream or recycling burden is double-counted.
validate_source_boundary	direct and upstream emissions	Confirm that only on-site emissions are direct foreground elementary flows and that grid and fuel-supply emissions remain in linked upstream datasets.	nordelof-tillman-2018-motor-manufacturing

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	unit_process
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset; foreground component in a lifecyclemodel
allowed_use	factory-gate production of complete CPC 46111 products with matching branch, technology, rating basis, geography, reporting period, boundary, product mass, and packing state
excluded_use	photovoltaic generators; AC-only machines; generating sets; rotary converters; standalone parts; use-stage electricity or lifetime performance; products or geographies represented only by an undisclosed proxy
required_metadata	canonical PCR id; reference UUID; product branch; rated output and basis; motor/generator function; commutation and magnet technology; duty; rated voltage; cooling; enclosure; embedded-controller inclusion; net and packed masses; geography; reporting period; operations in-house and outsourced; packaging state; allocation; cut-offs; data-quality rating
required_quality_disclosure	foreground record coverage; instrument calibration; temporal representativeness; material and energy reconciliation; route applicability; upstream dataset matches and proxies; unresolved UUIDs; unresolved range evidence; direct-versus-upstream emissions split
update_trigger	material change in product branch, design or bill of materials, magnet or commutation technology, rated output basis, production route, site, electricity or fuel supply, allocation, packaging, reporting period, or data quality

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-0-structure-2025	official_guidance	https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv	official CPC 3.0 category identity, neighbouring exclusions, and the photovoltaic-generator exclusion
un-cpc-v1-1-chinese-2004	official_guidance	https://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/SeriesM/M_77ver1_1c.pdf	established official Chinese CPC terminology for the 46111 category; the CPC 3.0 photovoltaic exclusion is translated from the current English source
nordelof-tillman-2018-motor-manufacturing	literature	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-017-1309-8	peer-reviewed full-text evidence for motor-factory process decomposition, component fabrication, winding, impregnation, assembly, testing, and gate-to-gate/upstream-linking logic; route and scale differences require foreground qualification
iea-4e-peet-motor-regulations-2022	official_guidance	https://www.iea-4e.org/peet/publications/4e-peet-status-of-electric-motor-regulations-2022/	institutional terminology for DC motors, duty and duty type, technology scope, and the need to retain test and performance bases