Terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics (other than narrow fabrics) of cotton

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR governs foreground data packages for finished cotton terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics, other than narrow fabrics, delivered at the manufacturing plant gate. The foreground route starts with purchased cotton yarn and covers yarn preparation and sizing, terry weaving, wet pretreatment, route-dependent dyeing, and final drying and finishing.

The PCR excludes narrow fabrics; terry fabrics of fibres other than cotton; woven pile and chenille fabrics outside CPC 26840; cotton cultivation, ginning, and spinning except through linked upstream datasets; conversion of fabric into towels or other sewn articles; packaging, distribution, retail, use, laundering, and end-of-life. A broader study may add those stages as separate processes without changing this plant-gate reference flow. The finished product must remain identifiable by cotton composition, terry construction, width class, colour state, finish, moisture basis, and production geography.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.yarn-and-thread-woven-and-tufted-textile-fabrics.terry-towelling-and-similar-woven-terry-fabrics-other-than-narrow-fabrics-of-cotton
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 26840, exact
covered_products	finished cotton terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics other than narrow fabrics
excluded_products	narrow fabrics; non-cotton terry fabrics; woven pile or chenille fabrics outside CPC 26840; cut, sewn, or made-up towel articles
representative_product	finished woven cotton terry fabric in the declared bleached, dyed, or otherwise finished state
production_route	cotton yarn preparation and sizing; terry weaving; desizing and scouring; conditional bleaching or dyeing; drying and finishing
market_state	finished product, production mix at plant gate

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	finished woven cotton terry fabric providing an absorbent loop-pile textile surface
How much	1 kg of finished fabric at the plant gate
How well	conforming to the declared cotton composition, terry construction, width class, colour state, finish, areal mass, and moisture basis
How long or cycle	one production lot at the plant gate; no use-stage service life is represented
reference_flow_link	finished cotton terry fabric output of finishing_and_drying

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg
Reference product flow	Terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics (other than narrow fabrics) of cotton 61be29ff-288e-4570-8335-4e03760c9255
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	cotton composition; terry pile construction; fabric width and confirmation that it is not narrow fabric; declared colour state (greige / bleached / dyed / other); finishing treatment; areal mass; moisture basis; production geography; production technology; plant gate

Every foreground data package must declare all required qualifiers in structured metadata or an equivalent documented field. The exact reference product flow and Mass property were accepted only after hybrid discovery and Tiangong state-100 direct readback; no dataset version is stored in this PCR.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	reference product and intermediate fabric mass	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Normalize the finished product and every mass-based intermediate to 1 kg of finished fabric at the declared moisture basis.
moisture_basis	cotton yarn, intermediate fabric, and finished fabric	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Record whether each measured mass is as-received or dry; convert only with a measured lot-specific moisture fraction and retain the original record.
area_to_mass_conversion	area-metered fabric records	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Area data may be converted to mass only with the measured areal mass and width for the same product lot.
utility_energy	electricity, steam, and natural gas	energy	kWh or MJ	Preserve the metered utility unit and document every conversion factor used to express energy per reference output.

5. System Boundary

The foreground boundary shall:

1. Include yarn preparation and sizing, terry weaving, wet pretreatment, all route-applicable dyeing, drying, and finishing operations under the producer's control.
2. Keep purchased cotton yarn, electricity, steam, fuel, water, and each process chemical as explicit upstream-linked product inputs rather than absorbing them into an undocumented aggregate.
3. Record each wastewater stream, cotton scrap or reject, and any measured direct elementary emission at the process where it leaves the foreground boundary.
4. Exclude cultivation, ginning, spinning, article making, packaging, distribution, use, laundering, and end-of-life unless the study adds them as separately identified processes.

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	cotton_yarn_received_at_plant
starting_condition_role	purchased_upstream_product
product_classification_scope	CPC 3.0 26840 finished cotton terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics other than narrow fabrics
recursive_input_rule	purchased fabric already within CPC 26840 remains a separately quantified same-category input and is not relabelled as internally produced fabric
upstream_dataset_requirement	link cotton yarn, utilities, water services, fuels, and each chemical to geographically and technologically representative upstream datasets
disclosure	declare yarn composition and count, yarn origin, sizing system, weaving technology, wet-processing route, colour and finish recipe, plant location, reporting period, and any omitted stage

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
yarn_preparation_and_sizing	Yarn preparation and sizing	required		foreground preparation	kg sized cotton yarn
terry_weaving	Terry weaving	required		foreground fabric production	kg greige terry fabric
wet_pretreatment	Wet pretreatment	required		foreground desizing, scouring, and route-applicable bleaching	kg pretreated terry fabric
reactive_dyeing	Reactive dyeing	conditional	include only when the declared product is reactive-dyed	foreground coloration	kg dyed terry fabric
finishing_and_drying	Finishing and drying	required		foreground final conditioning and plant-gate production	1 kg finished cotton terry fabric

Process: Yarn preparation and sizing (yarn_preparation_and_sizing)

Inputs

Product flows

Cotton yarn received for warp, pile, and weft preparation (cotton_yarn_input)

Purchased cotton yarn crosses the foreground boundary as the fibre-forming material for the terry construction.

• Selected flow: Cotton yarn
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured lot mass consumed by the sizing campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_yarn_material_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Starch sizing agent applied to cotton yarn (sizing_starch_input)

Starch sizing agent is recorded as one chemical product input when used to protect and lubricate warp or pile yarn during weaving.

• Selected flow: Starch sizing agent
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of supplied starch sizing agent consumed
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sizing_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Water supplied to sizing preparation (sizing_water_input)

Water entering the sizing preparation is recorded separately from later wet-processing water.

• Selected flow: Process water
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured water supplied to sizing solution preparation
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sizing_utility_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Electricity supplied to yarn preparation and sizing (sizing_electricity_input)

Metered electricity for winding, warping, sizing, and associated drives is recorded as one utility exchange.

• Selected flow: Electricity
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: metered or allocated electricity consumption for the sizing campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized cotton yarn output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sizing_utility_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Steam supplied to yarn sizing (sizing_steam_input)

Purchased or on-site steam used to heat or dry sized yarn is recorded separately from electricity.

• Selected flow: Steam
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: metered steam energy supplied to the sizing campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg sized cotton yarn output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sizing_utility_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Outputs

Product flows

Sized cotton yarn delivered to terry weaving (sized_cotton_yarn_output)

Sized cotton yarn is the measured intermediate product leaving yarn preparation.

• Selected flow: Sized cotton yarn
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of sized yarn issued to weaving
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_sized_yarn_output_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Process: Terry weaving (terry_weaving)

Inputs

Product flows

Sized cotton yarn entering the terry loom (sized_yarn_for_weaving_input)

The sized warp, pile, and weft yarn mass issued to the terry loom is recorded as the fabric-forming input.

• Selected flow: Sized cotton yarn
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of sized yarn charged to the terry weaving lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg greige terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_weaving_material_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Electricity supplied to terry weaving (weaving_electricity_input)

Electricity for terry looms and directly associated material handling is recorded from the weaving meter or a documented allocation of a shared meter.

• Selected flow: Electricity
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: metered or allocated electricity consumption for the weaving lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg greige terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_weaving_utility_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Outputs

Product flows

Greige woven cotton terry fabric (greige_terry_fabric_output)

Greige woven cotton terry fabric is the measured intermediate output before wet pretreatment.

• Selected flow: Greige woven cotton terry fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured greige fabric mass transferred to wet pretreatment
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_weaving_output_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Waste flows

Cotton yarn and fabric scrap from terry weaving (cotton_weaving_scrap_output)

Offcuts, broken yarn, and rejected greige fabric are combined only when they share the same cotton textile waste identity and destination; otherwise the foreground package shall split them into separate atomic rows.

• Selected flow: Cotton textile scrap
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured cotton textile scrap leaving the weaving process
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg greige terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_weaving_scrap_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Process: Wet pretreatment (wet_pretreatment)

Inputs

Product flows

Greige woven cotton terry fabric entering pretreatment (greige_terry_fabric_input)

The greige fabric input links weaving to desizing, scouring, and route-applicable bleaching.

• Selected flow: Greige woven cotton terry fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured greige fabric mass charged to pretreatment
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg pretreated terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_pretreatment_material_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Water supplied to wet pretreatment (pretreatment_water_input)

Water used for desizing, scouring, bleaching when applicable, and rinsing is recorded at the pretreatment process boundary.

• Selected flow: Process water
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured water supplied to the pretreatment campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg pretreated terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_pretreatment_utility_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Sodium hydroxide supplied for cotton scouring or mercerising (sodium_hydroxide_input)

Sodium hydroxide is recorded when consumed by the declared scouring or mercerising route.

• Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of sodium hydroxide product consumed
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg pretreated terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_pretreatment_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Alpha-amylase supplied for starch desizing (alpha_amylase_input)

Alpha-amylase is recorded when enzymatic removal of starch sizing is used.

• Selected flow: Alpha-amylase enzyme product
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of alpha-amylase product consumed
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg pretreated terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_pretreatment_chemical_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Hydrogen peroxide supplied for bleaching (hydrogen_peroxide_input)

Hydrogen peroxide is recorded only when the declared product route includes peroxide bleaching.

• Selected flow: Hydrogen peroxide
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of hydrogen peroxide product consumed
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg pretreated terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_pretreatment_chemical_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Steam supplied to wet pretreatment (pretreatment_steam_input)

Steam supplied for heating pretreatment baths and fabric is recorded independently of electricity.

• Selected flow: Steam
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: metered steam energy supplied to the pretreatment campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg pretreated terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_pretreatment_utility_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Outputs

Product flows

Pretreated woven cotton terry fabric (pretreated_terry_fabric_output)

Pretreated terry fabric is the measured output after desizing, scouring, and route-applicable bleaching.

• Selected flow: Pretreated woven cotton terry fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured pretreated fabric mass leaving the campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_pretreatment_output_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Waste flows

Wastewater discharged from wet pretreatment (pretreatment_wastewater_output)

Pretreatment wastewater is recorded at the point it leaves the process for on-site or off-site treatment.

• Selected flow: Textile pretreatment wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured wastewater mass or volume converted with measured density
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg pretreated terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_pretreatment_wastewater_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Process: Reactive dyeing (reactive_dyeing)

Inputs

Product flows

Pretreated cotton terry fabric entering reactive dyeing (pretreated_fabric_for_dyeing_input)

This input is present only for a declared reactive-dyed product route.

• Selected flow: Pretreated woven cotton terry fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured pretreated fabric mass charged to dyeing
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dyed terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_dyeing_material_records
• Sources: peer-reviewed-cotton-mercerisation-dyeing-2022

C.I. Reactive Red 195 supplied to the declared dye recipe (reactive_red_195_input)

C.I. Reactive Red 195 is one concrete dye exchange and is recorded only when it appears in the declared recipe; another dye requires its own separately identified atomic row in the foreground package.

• Selected flow: C.I. Reactive Red 195
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of C.I. Reactive Red 195 product consumed
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dyed terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_dyeing_chemical_records
• Sources: peer-reviewed-cotton-mercerisation-dyeing-2022

Sodium chloride supplied to reactive dyeing (sodium_chloride_input)

Sodium chloride is recorded as a separate recipe chemical when used to promote dye exhaustion.

• Selected flow: Sodium chloride
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of sodium chloride consumed
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dyed terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_dyeing_chemical_records
• Sources: peer-reviewed-cotton-mercerisation-dyeing-2022

Sodium carbonate supplied to reactive dyeing (sodium_carbonate_input)

Sodium carbonate is recorded as a separate recipe chemical when used to establish the dye-bath alkalinity.

• Selected flow: Sodium carbonate
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured mass of sodium carbonate consumed
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dyed terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_dyeing_chemical_records
• Sources: peer-reviewed-cotton-mercerisation-dyeing-2022

Water supplied to reactive dyeing and after-washing (dyeing_water_input)

Water used for the dye bath, rinsing, soaping, and after-washing is recorded at the dyeing process boundary.

• Selected flow: Process water
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured water supplied to the dyeing campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dyed terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_dyeing_utility_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Steam supplied to reactive dyeing (dyeing_steam_input)

Steam used to heat dye baths or after-washing is recorded independently of electricity.

• Selected flow: Steam
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: metered steam energy supplied to the dyeing campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dyed terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_dyeing_utility_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Outputs

Product flows

Reactive-dyed woven cotton terry fabric (dyed_terry_fabric_output)

The dyed fabric output is measured after required after-washing and before final finishing.

• Selected flow: Reactive-dyed woven cotton terry fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured dyed fabric mass leaving the dyeing campaign
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_dyeing_output_records
• Sources: peer-reviewed-cotton-mercerisation-dyeing-2022

Waste flows

Wastewater discharged from reactive dyeing (dyeing_wastewater_output)

Dye-bath discharge and after-wash wastewater are recorded at the point they leave dyeing for treatment.

• Selected flow: Reactive dyeing wastewater
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured wastewater mass or volume converted with measured density
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg dyed terry fabric output
• Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_dyeing_wastewater_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Process: Finishing and drying (finishing_and_drying)

Inputs

Product flows

Dyed cotton terry fabric entering finishing (dyed_terry_fabric_for_finishing_input)

Dyed terry fabric is recorded only for a route that includes the reactive_dyeing process.

• Selected flow: Reactive-dyed woven cotton terry fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured dyed fabric mass charged to finishing
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_finishing_material_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Undyed pretreated cotton terry fabric entering finishing (undyed_pretreated_terry_fabric_for_finishing_input)

Pretreated fabric is recorded for an undyed route; this row and the dyed-fabric input are mutually exclusive for a single production lot.

• Selected flow: Pretreated woven cotton terry fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured pretreated fabric mass charged to finishing
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_finishing_material_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Electricity supplied to finishing and drying (finishing_electricity_input)

Electricity for finishing machines, fans, pumps, and material handling is recorded from a dedicated meter or a documented shared-meter allocation.

• Selected flow: Electricity
• Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
• Amount rule: metered or allocated electricity consumption for the finishing lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_finishing_utility_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Steam supplied to finishing and drying (finishing_steam_input)

Purchased or on-site steam supplied to finishing and indirect drying is recorded as one energy exchange.

• Selected flow: Steam
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: metered steam energy supplied to the finishing lot
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_finishing_utility_records
• Sources: ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Natural gas supplied to direct-heated drying (natural_gas_input)

Natural gas is recorded only when gaseous combustion products directly contact the textile or provide heat to the dryer at the foreground site.

• Selected flow: Natural gas
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: metered natural-gas energy supplied to direct-heated drying
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_finishing_utility_records
• Sources: eu-bat-textiles-2022

Outputs

Product flows

Finished cotton terry towelling fabric at plant gate (finished_terry_fabric_output)

This is the exact CPC 26840 reference product output accepted by state-100 Tiangong direct readback.

• Selected flow: Terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics (other than narrow fabrics) of cotton 61be29ff-288e-4570-8335-4e03760c9255
• Flow property / unit: Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66 / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg finished fabric at the declared moisture basis
• Value mode: Fixed value (fixed_value)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Identity reference (identity_reference)
• Sources:

Waste flows

Finished cotton terry fabric rejected at inspection (finished_fabric_reject_output)

Rejected finished fabric is recorded separately from accepted reference product output and linked to its actual treatment destination.

• Selected flow: Rejected cotton terry fabric
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: measured rejected finished fabric mass
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg accepted finished cotton terry fabric
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_finishing_output_records
• Sources: jrc-ilcd-process-format-1-1

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	Applies to	Rule	source_ids
avoid_allocation_by_subdivision	production lots and separately metered operations	Subdivide and directly assign yarn, chemicals, utilities, wastewater, scrap, and rejects to the production lot before applying any allocation.	iso-14044-2006; jrc-ilcd-lca-detailed-2010
classify_cotton_scrap_before_allocation	cotton yarn, selvage, and fabric scrap	Record the actual destination and classify the output as waste or co-product before modelling any burden or credit.	jrc-ilcd-lca-detailed-2010
physical_allocation_if_unavoidable	inseparable fabric co-products with a common physical function	If subdivision is impossible and allocation remains necessary, use measured dry mass and disclose the allocation fraction and sensitivity; do not allocate wastewater or emissions away from the generating process.	iso-14044-2006; jrc-ilcd-lca-detailed-2010

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_yarn_material_records	yarn_preparation_and_sizing	cotton yarn input	receiving and issue records	lot id; yarn count; cotton composition; gross and tare mass; moisture basis; issued mass	calibrated scale and inventory issue record	kg	per lot	reporting period	sizing line	sum accepted issued mass and normalize to sized-yarn or finished-fabric output	calibration record; supplier lot record; stock reconciliation
cp_sizing_chemical_records	yarn_preparation_and_sizing	starch sizing agent	recipe and batch records	chemical identity; supplier product; batch id; concentration; issued mass; return mass	calibrated batch scale and recipe log	kg	per batch	reporting period	sizing line	net consumed mass by chemical identity	scale calibration; purchase record; recipe sign-off
cp_sizing_utility_records	yarn_preparation_and_sizing	sizing water, electricity, and steam	meter records	meter id; opening and closing readings; unit; timestamp; production lot	dedicated meter or documented shared-meter allocation	kg; kWh; MJ	per batch or shift	reporting period	sizing line	subtract readings and allocate only with documented operating time or submeter basis	meter calibration; allocation worksheet
cp_sized_yarn_output_records	yarn_preparation_and_sizing	sized cotton yarn output	production records	lot id; gross and tare mass; moisture basis; destination	calibrated scale and transfer record	kg	per lot	reporting period	sizing line	sum transferred sized-yarn mass	calibration record; transfer reconciliation
cp_weaving_material_records	terry_weaving	sized yarn input	loom issue records	lot id; yarn issue mass; returns; product code; loom id	calibrated scale and material issue log	kg	per lot	reporting period	terry weaving area	net issued mass by fabric lot	stock reconciliation; loom ticket
cp_weaving_utility_records	terry_weaving	weaving electricity	electricity meter records	meter id; readings; operating time; lot id	submeter or documented shared-meter allocation	kWh	per shift	reporting period	terry weaving area	subtract readings and allocate by verified loom operating time when not submetered	meter calibration; production log
cp_weaving_output_records	terry_weaving	greige terry fabric output	loom and inspection records	roll id; gross and tare mass; width; areal mass; moisture basis	calibrated roll scale and inspection system	kg	per roll	reporting period	terry weaving area	sum accepted greige roll mass	calibration record; roll inspection record
cp_weaving_scrap_records	terry_weaving	cotton textile scrap	waste transfer records	waste identity; container tare; gross mass; destination; date	calibrated waste scale and transfer note	kg	per container	reporting period	terry weaving area	net scrap mass by identity and destination	calibration record; waste transfer note
cp_pretreatment_material_records	wet_pretreatment	greige fabric input	batch records	roll id; incoming mass; moisture basis; recipe id	calibrated scale and batch ticket	kg	per batch	reporting period	pretreatment line	sum charged fabric mass	calibration record; batch ticket
cp_pretreatment_chemical_records	wet_pretreatment	sodium hydroxide, alpha-amylase, and hydrogen peroxide	recipe and dosing records	chemical identity; concentration; batch id; issued mass; residual return	calibrated dosing system and recipe log	kg	per batch	reporting period	pretreatment line	net consumed mass separately for each chemical	dosing calibration; supplier record; recipe approval
cp_pretreatment_utility_records	wet_pretreatment	pretreatment water and steam	meter records	meter id; readings; unit; batch id; timestamp	submeter or documented shared-meter allocation	kg; MJ	per batch	reporting period	pretreatment line	subtract readings and normalize to pretreated output	meter calibration; batch log
cp_pretreatment_output_records	wet_pretreatment	pretreated fabric output	batch and inspection records	roll or batch id; gross and tare mass; moisture basis; treatment route	calibrated scale and transfer record	kg	per batch	reporting period	pretreatment line	sum accepted output mass	calibration record; treatment record
cp_pretreatment_wastewater_records	wet_pretreatment	pretreatment wastewater	discharge records	flowmeter readings; discharge time; density if mass conversion is used; treatment destination	calibrated flowmeter and discharge log	kg or m3	per batch or continuous	reporting period	pretreatment line discharge	sum measured discharge and keep density conversion traceable	flowmeter calibration; sampling and transfer records
cp_dyeing_material_records	reactive_dyeing	pretreated fabric input	dye-batch records	batch id; incoming fabric mass; colour code; recipe id	calibrated scale and batch ticket	kg	per batch	reporting period	dyeing line	sum charged fabric mass	calibration record; batch ticket
cp_dyeing_chemical_records	reactive_dyeing	C.I. Reactive Red 195, sodium chloride, and sodium carbonate	recipe and dosing records	chemical identity; supplier product; concentration; issued mass; return mass; batch id	calibrated dosing equipment and recipe log	kg	per batch	reporting period	dyeing line	net consumed mass separately for each chemical identity	dosing calibration; supplier record; signed recipe
cp_dyeing_utility_records	reactive_dyeing	dyeing water and steam	meter records	meter id; readings; unit; batch id; timestamp	submeter or documented shared-meter allocation	kg; MJ	per batch	reporting period	dyeing line	subtract readings and normalize to dyed output	meter calibration; batch log
cp_dyeing_output_records	reactive_dyeing	dyed fabric output	batch and inspection records	batch id; output mass; moisture basis; shade; wash status	calibrated scale and inspection record	kg	per batch	reporting period	dyeing line	sum accepted dyed output mass	calibration record; shade and wash inspection
cp_dyeing_wastewater_records	reactive_dyeing	reactive dyeing wastewater	discharge records	flowmeter readings; discharge time; density if used; treatment destination	calibrated flowmeter and discharge log	kg or m3	per batch or continuous	reporting period	dyeing line discharge	sum measured discharge and keep bath and after-wash streams separate when destinations differ	flowmeter calibration; sampling and transfer records
cp_finishing_material_records	finishing_and_drying	dyed or undyed fabric input	finishing batch records	route id; input roll id; input mass; moisture basis; finish recipe	calibrated scale and batch ticket	kg	per lot	reporting period	finishing line	sum the one applicable input route per lot	calibration record; route reconciliation
cp_finishing_utility_records	finishing_and_drying	finishing electricity, steam, and natural gas	meter and fuel records	meter id; readings; fuel quantity; heating value source; lot id; operating time	submeter, calibrated fuel meter, or documented shared-meter allocation	kWh; MJ	per shift or lot	reporting period	finishing and drying line	subtract readings and convert fuel to energy with a documented lot or supplier heating value	meter calibration; invoice; conversion worksheet
cp_finishing_output_records	finishing_and_drying	accepted finished fabric and rejected fabric	final inspection records	roll id; accepted mass; rejected mass; moisture basis; width; areal mass; colour; finish; destination	calibrated roll scale and final inspection system	kg	per roll	reporting period	finishing line	sum accepted reference output and rejected output separately	calibration record; inspection record; mass reconciliation

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids
normalize_exchange_to_reference_mass	every foreground exchange	measured exchange amount divided by accepted finished fabric mass for the same reconciled production lots	protocol-specific exchange record; cp_finishing_output_records	exchange amount per 1 kg finished fabric	iso-14044-2006; jrc-ilcd-lca-detailed-2010
convert_area_record_to_mass	area-metered fabric	measured area multiplied by lot-specific measured areal mass; retain both measurements and the moisture basis	area record; areal-mass test; width record	kg fabric	jrc-ilcd-flow-format-1-1
reconcile_fabric_mass	each production stage	opening work in progress plus measured inputs minus closing work in progress equals accepted output plus rejected output plus measured losses; disclose any residual	material issue; transfer; output; scrap; inventory records	stage mass-balance reconciliation	jrc-ilcd-lca-detailed-2010

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_identity	reference product and intermediates	Preserve product code, cotton composition, terry construction, width class, colour state, finish, lot id, and moisture basis across process transfers.	linked lot, roll, recipe, and inspection records
dq_temporal	foreground records	Use one declared reporting period and document shutdowns, trial lots, rework, and changes in recipe or technology.	production calendar and batch logs
dq_measurement	meters and scales	Record instrument id, unit, calibration status, reading interval, and any shared-meter allocation basis.	calibration certificates and meter logs
dq_completeness	materials, utilities, wastewater, scrap, and rejects	Reconcile every listed process and disclose absent or unmeasured exchanges; a missing UUID does not permit omission of a measured exchange.	stage mass balance, purchase reconciliation, waste and discharge records
dq_representativeness	upstream links	Match geography, technology, energy carrier, water service, chemical formulation, and reference year to the foreground route or disclose the mismatch.	upstream dataset metadata and gap assessment

9. Validation Rules

A foreground data package conforms only when:

• the reference output uses UUID 61be29ff-288e-4570-8335-4e03760c9255, Mass UUID 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66, Units of mass UUID 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66, and kg, and is exactly classified as CPC 3.0 26840;
• all required qualifiers and the plant-gate boundary are declared, including cotton composition, terry construction, width class, colour state, finish, moisture basis, geography, and technology;
• every required process is present and reactive_dyeing is present if and only if the declared route uses reactive dyeing;
• every inventory card represents one concrete exchange, each alternative dye or chemical is a separate row, and no collection label substitutes for a flow identity;
• all empirical quantities come from linked foreground records and no AI-authored or unsupported numeric range is used;
• every unresolved Tiangong UUID remains absent and is reported by row_id; a UUID may be added only after hybrid discovery and state-100 direct readback of flow type, semantic identity, property, and unit;
• mass transfers, accepted output, scrap, rejects, and work in progress reconcile for each production stage or the residual is quantified and explained;
• wastewater destinations, on-site treatment, direct-heating fuel use, measured direct emissions, rework, and excluded stages are disclosed;
• allocation is avoided by subdivision where possible, and any remaining allocation follows the declared rule and includes its fraction and sensitivity;
• source ids, collection protocols, calculation rules, and quality evidence resolve to the records declared in this PCR.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	unit_process
downstream_use	secondary_dataset; background_dataset
allowed_use	finished cotton terry towelling fabric datasets matching CPC 26840, the declared plant gate, and all required qualifiers
excluded_use	narrow fabrics; non-cotton terry; towel articles; routes omitting applicable wet processing; use-stage laundering or cradle-to-grave claims without added processes
required_metadata	reference UUID and Mass UUID; CPC code; cotton composition; yarn count; terry construction; width; areal mass; colour state; finish; moisture basis; geography; technology; reporting period; route; allocation; upstream links
required_quality_disclosure	foreground coverage; instrument calibration; shared-meter allocations; mass-balance residuals; unresolved UUIDs and ranges; upstream representativeness; wastewater and waste destinations
update_trigger	material change in reference identity, CPC scope, yarn source, sizing system, weaving technology, wet-processing recipe, colour or finish route, energy system, wastewater treatment, geography, reporting period, or data quality

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
un-cpc-3-26840	official_guidance	https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Structure/Detail/EN/2100/26840	exact product-category scope and exclusions
jrc-ilcd-flow-format-1-1	official_guidance	https://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/LCDN/downloads/ILCD_Format_1.1_Documentation/ILCD_FlowDataSet.html	flow name, route qualifiers, reference property, and unit documentation
jrc-ilcd-process-format-1-1	official_guidance	https://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/LCDN/downloads/ILCD_Format_1.1_Documentation/ILCD_ProcessDataSet.html	exchange direction, process documentation, review, and waste-output requirements
jrc-ilcd-lca-detailed-2010	official_guidance	https://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/uploads/ILCD-Handbook-General-guide-for-LCA-DETAILED-GUIDANCE-12March2010-ISBN-fin-v1.0-EN.pdf	goal and scope, reference flow, system boundary, allocation, data quality, and interpretation
ec-jrc-textiles-bref-2023	official_guidance	https://bureau-industrial-transformation.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2023-01/TXT_BREF_2023_for_publishing%20ISSN%201831-9424_final_1_revised.pdf	textile process decomposition, sizing, fabric production, pretreatment, dyeing, finishing, utilities, emissions, and waste streams
eu-bat-textiles-2022	official_guidance	https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32022D2508	official BAT scope and definitions for sizing, weaving, desizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, finishing, water, energy, chemicals, emissions, and wastewater
iso-14040-2006	standard	ISO 14040:2006; https://www.iso.org/standard/37456.html	LCA principles, goal and scope, inventory, interpretation, reporting, and critical review
iso-14044-2006	standard	ISO 14044:2006; https://www.iso.org/standard/38498.html	LCI requirements, allocation hierarchy, data quality, reporting, and review
blackburn-payne-cotton-towels-2004	literature	https://doi.org/10.1039/B407628A	peer-reviewed cotton towel life-cycle evidence supporting explicit exclusion or separate modelling of laundering and use
peer-reviewed-cotton-mercerisation-dyeing-2022	literature	https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062092	peer-reviewed full-text evidence for cotton mercerisation, reactive dyeing, recipe-specific chemicals, washing, and measured batch records