Gauze (other than narrow fabrics)

Gauze (other than narrow fabrics): This PCR covers the factory-gate production of gauze fabric in the piece whose woven construction has standing or ground warp threads…

Lifecycle status: Candidate
Content maturity: Authored methodology
Current version: No published version
Readiness: Review required
Last updated: 2026-09-02

Methodology and translation states come from the source record; publishing this website does not change their review status.

Content languages

zh-CN · Translation reviewed

Status, classification and source details

Readiness

Warnings methodology_not_reviewed Authored methodology is candidate guidance and still requires methodology review.

Classification mapping

CPC 3.0:26860 · exact

Source

library/pcrs/food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products/yarn-and-thread-woven-and-tufted-textile-fabrics/gauze-other-than-narrow-fabricssha256:a941acec3c62…

1. Scope and Applicability

This PCR covers the factory-gate production of gauze fabric in the piece whose woven construction has standing or ground warp threads and crossing or doup warp threads that turn around those threads to form loops through which weft threads pass. The saleable fabric must be wider than 30 cm and must not meet a narrower product identity that belongs to medical dressings, made-up articles, nonwovens, knitted or crocheted nets, lace, glass-fibre woven fabrics, coated or laminated fabrics classified elsewhere, or narrow woven fabrics. The construction and width rules follow unsd-cpc-3-0-2025 and eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989.

The foreground boundary begins with received warp and weft yarn and ends with net, dry, saleable gauze fabric at the manufacturing gate. It includes yarn preparation, conditional warp sizing, gauze weaving, route-specific wet preparation, bleaching or piece dyeing, drying or heat setting, inspection, rolling, packaging, on-site natural-gas steam generation when operated, and treatment of process wastewater when operated. Fibre production and yarn manufacture require upstream datasets. Distribution after the gate, conversion into bandages or other made-up articles, sterilisation, use, and end of life are outside the foreground boundary.

Greige, prepared, bleached and piece-dyed states are declared separately. Conditional routes are never averaged together merely because they produce the same mass of gauze. A data package shall declare fibre composition, weave construction, finished width, mass per unit area, finish state, dye or chemical formulation where applicable, loom technology, wet-processing route, thermal-supply route, wastewater route, site, reporting period and production lot coverage.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.yarn-and-thread-woven-and-tufted-textile-fabrics.gauze-other-than-narrow-fabrics
classification_refs	CPC 3.0: 26860, Gauze (other than narrow fabrics), exact classification context
covered_products	Woven gauze fabric in the piece, wider than 30 cm, made with standing/ground and crossing/doup warp threads forming loops through which weft passes; greige, prepared, bleached or piece-dyed market states when their actual route is declared
excluded_products	Narrow woven fabrics at or below 30 cm as defined for the cited customs rule; tubular narrow fabrics; nonwovens; knitted or crocheted net; tulle and lace; glass-fibre woven fabrics; coated, impregnated, rubberised or laminated fabrics classified elsewhere; cut, folded, impregnated, medicated, sterilised or otherwise made-up medical gauze, bandages and dressings; garments and other made-up articles
representative_product	A roll of saleable woven gauze fabric, wider than 30 cm, with declared fibre composition, width, mass per unit area and finish state
production_route	Received yarn -> winding/warping/beaming -> conditional warp sizing -> gauze/leno weaving -> route-gated preparation, bleaching or piece dyeing -> route-gated drying/heat setting -> inspection/rolling -> packaging; on-site steam generation and wastewater treatment included only when operated
market_state	Dry saleable gauze fabric in rolls or folded lengths at the factory gate; packaging is inventoried but excluded from net reference-product mass

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Supply of woven gauze fabric in the piece, other than narrow fabric, with declared construction and finish state
How much	1 kg net dry mass of saleable gauze fabric, excluding paperboard core, film, carton, pallet and all other packaging tare
How well	Standing/ground and crossing/doup warp construction with weft passing through the formed loops; finished width greater than 30 cm; declared fibre composition, mass per unit area, moisture/conditioning basis, colour and finish state; passes the producer's saleable quality specification
How long or cycle	One factory-gate delivery of the declared production lot; no use-stage service life is claimed
reference_flow_link	The reference amount below realizes this functional unit on a net-product-mass basis

Field	Value
Reference amount	1 kg net dry saleable gauze fabric
Reference product flow	Woven gauze fabric, other than narrow fabric, dry and saleable at factory gate
Reference flow property	Mass `93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66`
Reference unit group	Units of mass `93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66`
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	fibre composition; standing/ground and crossing/doup warp construction; finished width; mass per unit area; moisture or conditioning basis; greige/prepared/bleached/dyed state; colour; finishing formulation; loom technology; production geography; site; reporting period; lot coverage; packaging configuration

The reference-product UUID remains unresolved. The Mass flow-property UUID, Units of mass unit-group UUID and kg reference unit are confirmed. The human-readable flow is intentionally exact and atomic; no broader cotton-fabric, medical-gauze or glass-fibre UUID may be substituted. Publication still requires an exact product-flow UUID confirmed by a new state_code=100 direct read.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
`reference_net_mass`	Reference gauze output	Mass	kg	Weigh saleable conditioned gauze and deduct paperboard core, film, carton, pallet and all other packaging tare; normalize all inventory to 1 kg net product. Retain gross, tare and net readings.
`fabric_width_identity`	Finished fabric width	Length	cm	Measure finished width across the usable fabric. This PCR requires width greater than 30 cm; fabric at or below 30 cm shall not be represented by this reference flow. `eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989`
`area_mass_crosscheck`	Reference gauze output	Mass per area	g/m2	Record conditioned mass per unit area, usable width and saleable length. Cross-check net mass against area multiplied by mass per area; investigate material disagreement rather than forcing equality.
`moisture_basis`	Yarn, intermediate and final textile masses	Mass	kg	Declare conditioning state or measured moisture basis and apply one consistent basis to input, output, loss and yield calculations.
`utility_units`	Electricity, thermal energy, steam, water and compressed air	Energy, mass or volume	kWh; MJ; kg; m3; Nm3	Use calibrated meter or invoice units; document conversion factors, calorific-value basis, pressure/temperature basis for steam and standard conditions for compressed air.
`chemical_mass`	Each sizing, preparation, bleaching, dyeing and treatment chemical	Mass	kg	Record each purchased or internally prepared chemical constituent as a separate atomic exchange on as-used mass; separately document active concentration when a solution is purchased.
`emission_mass`	Direct air and water emissions	Mass	kg	Derive from measured concentration multiplied by measured standardized gas or effluent volume over the same period, or use a cited and disclosed method when direct measurement is unavailable.

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Warp and weft yarn received at the gauze-manufacturing site, with fibre composition, supplier, mass, moisture basis and upstream dataset references declared
starting_condition_role	Upstream product input to the foreground gauze-manufacturing system
product_classification_scope	Woven gauze fabric in the piece, CPC 3.0 26860 classification context; wider than 30 cm; not a made-up or medical article
recursive_input_rule	If purchased gauze of the same category is processed, record it as a separate upstream product input with its own dataset; do not silently merge its mass or upstream burdens with site-produced gauze
upstream_dataset_requirement	Fibre and yarn production, purchased electricity, purchased steam or heat, fuels, chemicals, water supply, packaging and external waste treatment require geographically and technologically representative upstream datasets
disclosure	Declare fibre and yarn origin, weave and width, finish-state route, outsourced operations, internal intermediate transfers, utility route, wastewater route, packaging tare, cut-off decisions, allocation decisions and unresolved data gaps

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
`boundary_received_yarn_to_gate`	foreground system	Include every operated step from yarn receipt through saleable gauze inspection/rolling and packaging, plus on-site utility generation and wastewater treatment; exclude fibre/yarn production from foreground but require upstream datasets.	`ifc-textile-ehs-2007`; `ec-ef-method-2021`
`boundary_route_gate`	conditional manufacturing routes	Include sizing, wet preparation, bleaching, dyeing, heat setting, direct-fired drying, on-site steam generation and wastewater treatment only when the declared lot actually uses the operation; preserve separate route totals and never average mutually exclusive states or technologies.	`jrc-textiles-bref-2023`; `ifc-textile-ehs-2007`
`boundary_packaging_tare`	reference output and packaging	Include packaging production and packaging losses in inventory, but exclude all packaging tare from the 1 kg reference-product mass.	`ec-ef-method-2021`
`boundary_outsourced_steps`	outsourced processing	Include an outsourced operation through a specific upstream process dataset and transport where it lies between received yarn and the declared gate; disclose that it is outsourced and avoid duplicating site utility or emission records.	`ec-ef-method-2021`
`boundary_post_gate_exclusion`	downstream stages	Exclude distribution after the factory gate, conversion into medical or made-up articles, sterilisation, use and end of life from this foreground package.	`unsd-cpc-3-0-2025`; `eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989`

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
`yarn_preparation`	Winding, warping and beaming	required	Every route using received yarn	Prepare full-width warp beam and weft supply for gauze weaving	kg prepared warp and weft supplied to weaving
`warp_sizing`	Warp sizing and drying	conditional	Include only when size is applied at the reporting site	Apply declared size formulation to protect warp during weaving	kg sized warp beam
`gauze_weaving`	Gauze/leno weaving	required	Every covered product	Interlace ground and crossing/doup warp with weft to produce greige gauze	kg greige gauze
`desizing_scouring`	Desizing, scouring, washing and neutralisation	conditional	Include when size or impurities are removed at the reporting site	Prepare greige gauze for sale or subsequent wet finishing	kg prepared gauze
`peroxide_bleaching`	Hydrogen-peroxide bleaching, washing and neutralisation	conditional	Include only for a declared peroxide-bleached route	Produce bleached gauze without averaging with greige or dyed routes	kg bleached gauze
`reactive_piece_dyeing`	Reactive piece dyeing, fixation and washing	conditional	Include only for a declared cellulosic route; instantiate one additional atomic exchange for every dye and auxiliary in the actual approved recipe rather than predeclaring an arbitrary dye identity	Produce declared dyed gauze	kg dyed gauze
`drying_heat_setting`	Mechanical dewatering, drying and conditional heat setting	conditional	Include after wet processing and whenever the declared route uses stentering or heat setting	Bring gauze to declared dry and dimensional state	kg dry finished gauze
`inspection_rolling_packaging`	Inspection, repair, trimming, rolling and packaging	required	Every route	Produce saleable net gauze and separately inventoried packaging	kg net saleable gauze
`thermal_supply`	On-site natural-gas steam generation	conditional	Include only when the site burns natural gas to supply steam within the foreground boundary; another boiler fuel requires its own separately reviewed route and atomic fuel and emission rows	Supply measured mill steam and record direct combustion exchanges	kg steam supplied
`wastewater_treatment`	On-site textile wastewater treatment and discharge	conditional	Include when process wastewater is treated and discharged by the reporting site	Treat combined measured textile wastewater without hiding individual upstream generating steps	m3 wastewater treated

Process: Winding, warping and beaming (`yarn_preparation`)

Inputs

Product flows

Warp yarn received (`warp_yarn`)

Received warp yarn crosses the site boundary and is prepared into ground and crossing/doup warp systems.

Selected flow: Warp yarn for woven gauze
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Supplier- and lot-specific conditioned mass issued to yarn preparation
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_yarn_preparation
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Weft yarn received (`weft_yarn`)

Received weft yarn crosses the site boundary and is prepared for insertion through the gauze warp loops.

Selected flow: Weft yarn for woven gauze
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Supplier- and lot-specific conditioned mass issued to yarn preparation or directly to weaving
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per 1 kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_yarn_preparation
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Electricity for winding and warping (`yarn_prep_electricity`)

Electricity powers winding, warping and beaming equipment.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered electricity or allocated main-meter electricity for yarn preparation
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared warp and weft issued to weaving
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_yarn_preparation
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; ec-ef-method-2021

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared warp beam (`prepared_warp_beam`)

The full-width warp beam is the measured intermediate product passed to sizing or directly to weaving.

Selected flow: Prepared warp beam for woven gauze
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Conditioned mass of warp yarn on the beam, excluding reusable beam hardware
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_yarn_preparation
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Yarn preparation waste (`yarn_prep_waste`)

Broken, tangled and unusable yarn removed during winding, warping and beaming leaves the process as textile waste.

Selected flow: Waste yarn from gauze yarn preparation
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed waste by lot, excluding yarn returned to the same process before normalization
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_yarn_preparation
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Elementary flows

Process: Warp sizing and drying (`warp_sizing`)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared warp beam entering sizing (`sizing_warp_beam_input`)

The prepared warp beam enters sizing only when the declared route applies size at the reporting site.

Selected flow: Prepared warp beam for woven gauze
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Conditioned warp mass charged to the sizing range
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg sized warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_warp_sizing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Corn-starch sizing agent (`corn_starch_size`)

Corn starch is recorded separately when it is an actual constituent of the applied warp-size formulation.

Selected flow: Corn starch, sizing grade
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: As-used starch mass from batch recipe and issue record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg sized warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_warp_sizing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Polyvinyl-alcohol sizing agent (`pva_size`)

Polyvinyl alcohol is a distinct conditional exchange and is not combined with starch or other sizing agents.

Selected flow: Polyvinyl alcohol, warp-sizing grade
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: As-used PVA mass from batch recipe and issue record; zero only when confirmed absent
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg sized warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_warp_sizing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Sizing process water (`sizing_water`)

Externally supplied make-up water added to the size preparation and application system is measured separately from cooling, domestic and internally recovered water.

Selected flow: Process water for warp sizing
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered external make-up water supplied to sizing; report internally recovered water separately and do not add it to this product exchange
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg sized warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_warp_sizing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Electricity for sizing (`sizing_electricity`)

Electricity powers size preparation, pumps, drives and controls.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered sizing electricity or documented allocation from a common meter
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg sized warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_warp_sizing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; ec-ef-method-2021

Steam for sizing and drying (`sizing_steam`)

Steam transferred to the sizing range is one thermal product exchange; its upstream source is purchased steam or the conditional on-site thermal-supply process.

Selected flow: Saturated steam supplied to warp sizing
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Metered steam delivered to size cooking and beam drying, with condensate treatment disclosed
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg sized warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_warp_sizing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Sized warp beam (`sized_warp_beam`)

The sized warp beam is transferred to gauze weaving with size add-on and dry mass recorded.

Selected flow: Sized warp beam for woven gauze
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Conditioned mass of warp plus retained dry size, excluding reusable beam hardware
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg sized warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_warp_sizing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Sizing wastewater (`sizing_wastewater`)

Discarded size liquor and sizing-equipment wash water leave as a specific wastewater stream before treatment.

Selected flow: Warp-sizing wastewater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered or tank-volume-derived wastewater sent to treatment or external disposal
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg sized warp beam
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_warp_sizing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Elementary flows

Process: Gauze/leno weaving (`gauze_weaving`)

Inputs

Product flows

Warp beam for weaving (`weaving_warp_beam`)

One prepared or sized warp-beam product enters the loom; the route qualifier states whether sizing occurred.

Selected flow: Warp beam for gauze weaving
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Conditioned warp mass issued to gauze looms
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg greige gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_gauze_weaving
Sources: eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989; ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Weft yarn for weaving (`weaving_weft_yarn`)

Weft yarn is inserted through loops formed by the crossing/doup and ground warp systems.

Selected flow: Weft yarn for woven gauze
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Conditioned weft mass issued to the gauze looms
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg greige gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_gauze_weaving
Sources: eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989; ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Electricity for gauze weaving (`weaving_electricity`)

Electricity powers the loom, take-up, let-off, controls and local material handling.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered loom-area electricity or documented machine-power allocation over the same production period
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg greige gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_gauze_weaving
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; ec-ef-method-2021

Compressed air for air-jet weaving (`weaving_compressed_air`)

Compressed air is included only for an air-jet loom route and is not averaged with rapier, shuttle, projectile or water-jet routes.

Selected flow: Compressed air at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Standard volume / Nm3
Amount rule: Metered compressed air delivered to air-jet looms, with pressure and standard conditions declared
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg greige gauze from air-jet looms
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_gauze_weaving
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Water for water-jet weaving (`water_jet_water`)

Externally supplied make-up water is included only when a water-jet loom actually supplies the weft-insertion jet; internally recirculated water is disclosed separately.

Selected flow: Process water for water-jet weaving
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered external make-up water supplied to water-jet looms; retain internally recirculated water as a separate raw field without adding it to this exchange
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg greige gauze from water-jet looms
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_gauze_weaving
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Greige woven gauze (`greige_gauze`)

Greige gauze is the loom-state product with the required ground and crossing/doup warp construction.

Selected flow: Greige woven gauze fabric, other than narrow fabric
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Conditioned mass leaving gauze looms before wet preparation or final inspection
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg greige gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_gauze_weaving
Sources: unsd-cpc-3-0-2025; eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989

Waste flows

Weaving textile waste (`weaving_textile_waste`)

Broken ends, loom start-up cloth, selvedge waste and unusable greige sections leave as one measured weaving-waste stream only when physically collected together.

Selected flow: Gauze-weaving textile waste
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed waste removed from gauze looms and not returned to the same production lot
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg greige gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_gauze_weaving
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Water-jet loom wastewater (`water_jet_wastewater`)

Water discharged from water-jet weaving is a route-specific wastewater flow and is absent from dry-loom routes.

Selected flow: Water-jet loom wastewater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered discharge from water-jet loom circulation and purge systems
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg greige gauze from water-jet looms
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_gauze_weaving
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Elementary flows

Particulate matter from weaving (`weaving_pm10`)

Measured textile dust emitted beyond capture equipment is recorded as a direct air emission, not as a product or waste flow.

Selected flow: Particulate matter, less than 10 micrometres, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Stack or room-exhaust measurement over the production period; include only releases crossing the environment boundary
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg greige gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_gauze_weaving
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Process: Desizing, scouring, washing and neutralisation (`desizing_scouring`)

Inputs

Product flows

Greige gauze entering wet preparation (`prep_greige_gauze`)

Greige gauze enters only when the declared route removes size or natural and processing impurities at the reporting site.

Selected flow: Greige woven gauze fabric, other than narrow fabric
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Conditioned mass charged to the desizing and scouring line
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Process water for desizing and scouring (`prep_water`)

Externally supplied make-up process water for desizing, scouring, washing and neutralisation is measured at the line boundary; internally recovered water is tracked separately.

Selected flow: Process water for textile wet preparation
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered external make-up water supplied to the line; retain internally recovered water as a separate raw field without adding it to this exchange
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Steam for desizing and scouring (`prep_steam`)

Steam transferred to wet preparation is recorded separately from electricity and direct fuel.

Selected flow: Saturated steam supplied to textile wet preparation
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Metered steam delivered to desizing, scouring and washing, with condensate return disclosed
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Electricity for desizing and scouring (`prep_electricity`)

Electricity powers bath circulation, washing, dosing, extraction and controls.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered electricity for the applicable wet-preparation campaign
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; ec-ef-method-2021

Sodium hydroxide for scouring (`prep_sodium_hydroxide`)

Sodium hydroxide is recorded as a separate chemical when used for alkaline scouring.

Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Active sodium-hydroxide mass calculated from batch issue and solution concentration
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Amylase enzyme preparation for starch desizing (`prep_amylase_enzyme`)

An amylase enzyme preparation is recorded only when starch or modified-starch size is removed by the declared enzymatic-desizing route.

Selected flow: Amylase enzyme preparation, textile desizing grade
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: As-used enzyme-preparation mass from the approved recipe and issue record; retain enzyme activity and formulation concentration as quality evidence
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared gauze from enzymatic starch desizing
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Fatty-alcohol-ethoxylate surfactant (`prep_surfactant`)

The biodegradable nonionic surfactant is an atomic formulation constituent and is included only when present in the actual recipe.

Selected flow: Fatty alcohol ethoxylate surfactant
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Active surfactant mass from formulation, concentration and batch issue record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Acetic acid for neutralisation (`prep_acetic_acid`)

Acetic acid is recorded separately when it neutralises residual alkali after scouring.

Selected flow: Acetic acid
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Active acetic-acid mass from batch issue and concentration record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg prepared gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared gauze (`prepared_gauze`)

Prepared gauze leaves after desizing, scouring, washing, neutralisation and mechanical water extraction.

Selected flow: Prepared woven gauze fabric, wet
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Wet mass and separately determined dry textile mass transferred to sale finishing, bleaching or dyeing
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry prepared gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Waste flows

Desizing and scouring wastewater (`prep_wastewater`)

Spent baths and wash water from wet preparation leave as a measured wastewater stream before treatment.

Selected flow: Desizing and scouring wastewater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered discharge from applicable baths, washes and purges
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry prepared gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_desizing_scouring
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Elementary flows

Process: Hydrogen-peroxide bleaching, washing and neutralisation (`peroxide_bleaching`)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared gauze entering bleaching (`bleach_prepared_gauze`)

Prepared gauze enters this mutually gated route only when peroxide bleaching is declared.

Selected flow: Prepared woven gauze fabric, wet
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Dry textile mass charged to the peroxide-bleaching line
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry bleached gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_peroxide_bleaching
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Bleaching process water (`bleach_water`)

Externally supplied make-up water for bleaching, washing and neutralisation is measured independently of water used in preceding steps; internally recovered water is tracked separately.

Selected flow: Process water for hydrogen-peroxide bleaching
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered external make-up water supplied to the bleaching line; retain internally recovered water as a separate raw field without adding it to this exchange
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry bleached gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_peroxide_bleaching
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Steam for bleaching (`bleach_steam`)

Steam transferred to the bleaching line is recorded as one thermal product flow.

Selected flow: Saturated steam supplied to hydrogen-peroxide bleaching
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Metered steam delivered to heating and washing, with condensate return disclosed
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry bleached gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_peroxide_bleaching
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Electricity for bleaching (`bleach_electricity`)

Electricity powers circulation, dosing, washing, extraction and controls.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered electricity for the peroxide-bleaching campaign
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry bleached gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_peroxide_bleaching
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; ec-ef-method-2021

Hydrogen peroxide (`bleach_hydrogen_peroxide`)

Hydrogen peroxide is the declared bleaching agent and is not combined with chlorine-based alternatives.

Selected flow: Hydrogen peroxide
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Active hydrogen-peroxide mass from purchased-solution concentration and batch issue record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry bleached gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_peroxide_bleaching
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Sodium hydroxide for peroxide bleaching (`bleach_sodium_hydroxide`)

Sodium hydroxide used to establish the bleaching bath alkalinity is measured separately.

Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Active sodium-hydroxide mass from concentration and batch issue record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry bleached gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_peroxide_bleaching
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Acetic acid after bleaching (`bleach_acetic_acid`)

Acetic acid is included when used for post-bleach neutralisation.

Selected flow: Acetic acid
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Active acetic-acid mass from concentration and batch issue record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry bleached gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_peroxide_bleaching
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Bleached gauze (`bleached_gauze`)

Bleached gauze leaves the line with dry textile mass, residual moisture and whiteness specification recorded.

Selected flow: Hydrogen-peroxide-bleached woven gauze fabric, wet
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Wet mass and separately determined dry textile mass transferred to drying or further finishing
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry bleached gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_peroxide_bleaching
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Waste flows

Peroxide-bleaching wastewater (`bleach_wastewater`)

Spent bleaching bath, wash water and neutralisation rinse leave as a specific wastewater stream before treatment.

Selected flow: Hydrogen-peroxide-bleaching wastewater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered discharge from the peroxide-bleaching and wash sequence
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry bleached gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_peroxide_bleaching
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Elementary flows

Process: Reactive piece dyeing, fixation and washing (`reactive_piece_dyeing`)

Inputs

Product flows

Gauze entering reactive dyeing (`dye_gauze_input`)

Prepared or bleached cellulosic gauze enters only when a reactive piece-dyed product state is declared.

Selected flow: Prepared cellulosic woven gauze fabric, wet
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Dry textile mass charged to the declared dye lot
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry dyed gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_reactive_dyeing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Dyeing process water (`dye_water`)

Externally supplied make-up water for dye application, fixation and washing is measured for the declared dye lot; internally recovered water is tracked separately.

Selected flow: Process water for reactive piece dyeing
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered external make-up water supplied to the dye bath and wash sequence; retain internally recovered water as a separate raw field without adding it to this exchange
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry dyed gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_reactive_dyeing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Steam for reactive dyeing (`dye_steam`)

Steam transferred to dyeing and washing is separated from electricity and direct fuel.

Selected flow: Saturated steam supplied to reactive piece dyeing
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Metered steam delivered to dyeing, fixation and washing, with condensate return disclosed
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry dyed gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_reactive_dyeing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Electricity for reactive dyeing (`dye_electricity`)

Electricity powers dosing, liquor circulation, washing, extraction and controls.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered electricity for the declared reactive-dye campaign
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry dyed gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_reactive_dyeing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; ec-ef-method-2021

Sodium chloride for reactive dyeing (`dye_sodium_chloride`)

Sodium chloride is a distinct conditional electrolyte input and is never combined with dye or alkali.

Selected flow: Sodium chloride
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: As-used sodium-chloride mass from recipe and batch issue record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry dyed gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_reactive_dyeing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Sodium carbonate for reactive dyeing (`dye_sodium_carbonate`)

Sodium carbonate is recorded separately when used to establish fixation alkalinity.

Selected flow: Sodium carbonate
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: As-used sodium-carbonate mass from recipe and batch issue record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry dyed gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_reactive_dyeing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Reactive-dyed gauze (`dyed_gauze`)

Dyed gauze leaves with colour identity, shade, dry mass and residual moisture recorded.

Selected flow: Reactive-dyed woven gauze fabric, wet
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Wet mass and separately determined dry textile mass transferred to drying
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry dyed gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_reactive_dyeing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Waste flows

Reactive-dyeing wastewater (`dye_wastewater`)

Spent dye bath, fixation liquor and wash water leave as a specific wastewater stream before treatment.

Selected flow: Reactive piece-dyeing wastewater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered discharge from dye application, fixation and washing
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry dyed gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_reactive_dyeing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Elementary flows

Process: Mechanical dewatering, drying and conditional heat setting (`drying_heat_setting`)

Inputs

Product flows

Wet gauze entering drying (`drying_wet_gauze`)

Prepared, bleached or dyed wet gauze enters with route identity and dry textile mass preserved.

Selected flow: Wet finished woven gauze fabric
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Wet mass entering mechanical extraction or drying, with dry textile mass separately determined
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry finished gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_drying_finishing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Electricity for dewatering and drying (`drying_electricity`)

Electricity powers hydroextraction, drives, fans, controls and heat-setting equipment.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered electricity over the applicable drying and heat-setting campaign
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry finished gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_drying_finishing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; ec-ef-method-2021

Steam for indirect textile drying (`drying_steam`)

Steam is recorded only when an indirect steam-heated dryer or stenter supplies heat to the declared route; it is not combined with direct-fired natural gas or another heat carrier.

Selected flow: Saturated steam supplied to indirect textile drying
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Metered steam delivered to the applicable dryer or stenter, with pressure, temperature and condensate return disclosed
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry finished gauze from indirect steam drying
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_drying_finishing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Natural gas for direct-fired drying (`drying_natural_gas`)

Natural gas crosses the foreground boundary only when a direct-fired dryer or stenter burns gas in this process; purchased heat and on-site steam are recorded through their own routes.

Selected flow: Natural gas
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Metered gas volume converted with supplier net calorific value for the direct-fired equipment
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry finished gauze from direct-fired drying
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_drying_finishing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Dry finished gauze (`dried_gauze`)

Dry finished gauze leaves with conditioned net mass, width, mass per area and finish state measured.

Selected flow: Dry finished woven gauze fabric, other than narrow fabric
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Conditioned dry mass transferred to inspection and rolling
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry finished gauze
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_drying_finishing
Sources: unsd-cpc-3-0-2025; ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide from direct-fired drying (`drying_co2_fossil`)

Fossil carbon dioxide released by direct natural-gas combustion is recorded only for the direct-fired route.

Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Stack measurement or calculated from metered natural-gas carbon content using a disclosed method
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry finished gauze from direct-fired drying
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_drying_finishing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Nitrogen oxides from direct-fired drying (`drying_nox`)

Nitrogen oxides released to air are kept separate from carbon dioxide and other stack emissions.

Selected flow: Nitrogen oxides, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Stack concentration multiplied by standardized dry-gas volume over the production period
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg dry finished gauze from direct-fired drying
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_drying_finishing
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Process: Inspection, repair, trimming, rolling and packaging (`inspection_rolling_packaging`)

Inputs

Product flows

Gauze entering final finishing (`finish_gauze_input`)

Greige or dry finished gauze enters final inspection with route identity preserved.

Selected flow: Woven gauze fabric entering final inspection
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Conditioned textile mass entering inspection and rolling
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_final_finishing_packaging
Sources: unsd-cpc-3-0-2025; eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989

Electricity for inspection and packaging (`finish_electricity`)

Electricity powers inspection tables, repair equipment, rolling, cutting and packaging machinery.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered electricity or documented equipment allocation over the same saleable-output period
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_final_finishing_packaging
Sources: ec-ef-method-2021

Paperboard roll core (`paperboard_core`)

The roll core is inventoried as packaging but excluded from net reference-product mass.

Selected flow: Paperboard roll core
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed purchased cores consumed, net of reusable cores returned within the reporting period
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_final_finishing_packaging
Sources: ec-ef-method-2021

Low-density polyethylene packaging film (`ldpe_film`)

Primary or secondary LDPE film used for roll protection is one packaging-material exchange.

Selected flow: Low-density polyethylene film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Packaging-film issue mass attributed to the declared saleable output
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_final_finishing_packaging
Sources: ec-ef-method-2021

Corrugated-board shipping box (`corrugated_board`)

Corrugated board is included only when the declared delivery configuration uses boxes.

Selected flow: Corrugated paperboard box
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed boxes consumed for the declared output, excluding reusable transport packaging tracked separately
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_final_finishing_packaging
Sources: ec-ef-method-2021

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Net saleable gauze reference output (`reference_gauze_output`)

This is the exact unresolved reference product flow; packaging tare is measured but not included in its mass.

Selected flow: Woven gauze fabric, other than narrow fabric, dry and saleable at factory gate
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: 1 kg net conditioned gauze mass after subtracting core, film, carton, pallet and other packaging tare
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
Normalization basis: 1 kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_final_finishing_packaging
Sources: unsd-cpc-3-0-2025; eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989

Waste flows

Off-specification gauze waste (`offspec_gauze_waste`)

Rejected or trimmed gauze that is not returned to the same lot leaves as a measured textile waste.

Selected flow: Off-specification woven gauze waste
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed rejected and trimmed gauze by disposition route
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_final_finishing_packaging
Sources: ec-ef-method-2021

LDPE packaging scrap (`ldpe_packaging_scrap`)

Film offcuts and rejected film leave as a separate polymer waste stream.

Selected flow: Waste low-density polyethylene film
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed film scrap sent to reuse, recycling, treatment or disposal
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_final_finishing_packaging
Sources: ec-ef-method-2021

Paperboard packaging scrap (`paperboard_packaging_scrap`)

Rejected cores and corrugated-board offcuts leave as a separate paperboard waste stream.

Selected flow: Waste paperboard packaging
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed paperboard scrap sent to reuse, recycling, treatment or disposal
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg net saleable gauze
Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_final_finishing_packaging
Sources: ec-ef-method-2021

Elementary flows

Process: On-site natural-gas steam generation (`thermal_supply`)

Inputs

Product flows

Natural gas for the steam boiler (`boiler_natural_gas`)

Natural gas enters only when an on-site boiler supplies foreground steam; purchased steam excludes this internal fuel row.

Selected flow: Natural gas
Flow property / unit: Net calorific energy / MJ
Amount rule: Metered boiler gas converted with supplier net calorific value
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg steam supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_supply
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; ec-ef-method-2021

Boiler make-up water (`boiler_feedwater`)

Externally supplied boiler make-up water is the product exchange; returned condensate is an internal loop quantity retained separately in the raw records.

Selected flow: Boiler make-up water
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered external make-up water supplied to the boiler; disclose returned condensate separately and do not add it to this exchange
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg steam supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_supply
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Boiler electricity (`boiler_electricity`)

Electricity powers boiler fans, pumps, controls and water preparation.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered boiler-house electricity over the steam-production period
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg steam supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_supply
Sources: ec-ef-method-2021

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Mill steam (`mill_steam`)

Steam supplied internally is the measured product passed to sizing and wet-processing users.

Selected flow: Saturated steam at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Metered delivered steam, with pressure, temperature and condensate-return basis declared
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg steam supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_supply
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Boiler blowdown wastewater (`boiler_blowdown`)

Boiler blowdown leaves as a specific utility wastewater stream before treatment or discharge.

Selected flow: Natural-gas-boiler blowdown wastewater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Metered or calculated from blowdown events and vessel volume
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg steam supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_supply
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Elementary flows

Fossil carbon dioxide from the boiler (`boiler_co2_fossil`)

Fossil carbon dioxide from on-site natural-gas combustion is separated from purchased-energy background emissions.

Selected flow: Carbon dioxide, fossil, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Stack measurement or calculation from metered gas carbon content using a disclosed method
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg steam supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_supply
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Nitrogen oxides from the boiler (`boiler_nox`)

Nitrogen oxides leaving the boiler stack are measured independently of carbon dioxide.

Selected flow: Nitrogen oxides, to air
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Stack concentration multiplied by standardized dry-gas volume over the steam-production period
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
Normalization basis: per kg steam supplied
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_thermal_supply
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Process: On-site textile wastewater treatment and discharge (`wastewater_treatment`)

Inputs

Product flows

Electricity for wastewater treatment (`wastewater_treatment_electricity`)

Electricity powers equalisation, pumping, aeration, clarification, sludge dewatering and controls.

Selected flow: Electricity, medium voltage, at gauze mill
Flow property / unit: Energy / kWh
Amount rule: Submetered treatment-plant electricity over the same wastewater volume and reporting period
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Ferric chloride coagulant (`ferric_chloride`)

Ferric chloride is recorded only when it is the actual coagulation chemical used by the on-site plant.

Selected flow: Ferric chloride
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Active ferric-chloride mass from purchased solution concentration and dosing record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Sodium hydroxide for wastewater neutralisation (`wastewater_neutralization_naoh`)

Sodium hydroxide is a separate conditional input when used for pH control in wastewater treatment.

Selected flow: Sodium hydroxide
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Active sodium-hydroxide mass from concentration and dosing record
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Waste flows

Combined textile wastewater entering treatment (`wastewater_input`)

This physically combined mill effluent is measured at the treatment inlet; upstream sizing, weaving, preparation, bleaching and dyeing wastewater rows remain separately quantified and reconciled.

Selected flow: Combined gauze-mill process wastewater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Treatment-inlet flow meter total reconciled to each generating process and utility wastewater stream
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Waste flows

Dewatered wastewater-treatment sludge (`wastewater_sludge`)

Sludge removed from treatment is a waste flow; its wet mass and dry-solids fraction are both retained.

Selected flow: Dewatered textile wastewater-treatment sludge
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Weighed dewatered sludge with measured dry-solids fraction and disposition route
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007; jrc-textiles-bref-2023
Range: IFC dewatered-sludge generation QA benchmark
- Range role: QA guardrail (qa_guardrail)
- Lower: 1
- Upper: 5
- Unit: kg
- Basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated after sludge dewatering
- Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
- Evidence kind: External source (external_source)
- Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Elementary flows

Treated water discharged to freshwater (`treated_water_to_freshwater`)

The treated effluent volume crossing the site boundary to a freshwater receiving environment is an elementary water flow.

Selected flow: Water, to freshwater
Flow property / unit: Volume / m3
Amount rule: Permitted discharge-flow meter total; use another receiving compartment as a separate row when applicable
Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Biochemical oxygen demand discharged to freshwater (`bod_to_freshwater`)

BOD mass is calculated from a measured concentration and the matched discharged-water volume.

Selected flow: Biochemical oxygen demand, to freshwater
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Laboratory BOD concentration multiplied by matched effluent volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Chemical oxygen demand discharged to freshwater (`cod_to_freshwater`)

COD mass is kept distinct from BOD and other water pollutants.

Selected flow: Chemical oxygen demand, to freshwater
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Laboratory COD concentration multiplied by matched effluent volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Total suspended solids discharged to freshwater (`total_suspended_solids_to_freshwater`)

Total suspended solids are reported separately from oxygen-demand and nutrient indicators.

Selected flow: Suspended solids, total, to freshwater
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Laboratory total-suspended-solids concentration multiplied by matched effluent volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Total nitrogen discharged to freshwater (`total_nitrogen_to_freshwater`)

Total nitrogen mass is calculated from the matched laboratory result and discharged volume.

Selected flow: Nitrogen, total, to freshwater
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Total-nitrogen concentration multiplied by matched effluent volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Total phosphorus discharged to freshwater (`total_phosphorus_to_freshwater`)

Total phosphorus is reported as a separate elementary emission.

Selected flow: Phosphorus, total, to freshwater
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: Total-phosphorus concentration multiplied by matched effluent volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

Adsorbable organic halogens discharged to freshwater (`aox_to_freshwater`)

AOX is included only when measured or when chlorine-bearing inputs make it relevant; it is not merged with COD.

Selected flow: Adsorbable organic halogens, to freshwater
Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
Amount rule: AOX concentration multiplied by matched effluent volume
Value mode: Calculated value (calculated_value)
Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
Normalization basis: per m3 textile wastewater treated
Basis kind: Process output (process_output)
Evidence kind: Calculated from collection (calculated_from_collection)
Collection protocol: cp_wastewater_treatment
Sources: ifc-textile-ehs-2007

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
`allocation_subdivide_first`	shared processes and utilities	Avoid allocation by subdividing independently metered yarn preparation, weaving, wet-processing, finishing, utility and treatment operations, or by expanding the system only when the substituted function is explicit and justified.	`ec-ef-method-2021`
`allocation_physical_relation`	unavoidable shared burdens	When subdivision cannot remove a shared burden, use a measured physical causal relationship such as machine time, metered energy, bath volume, steam enthalpy or treated wastewater volume. Do not use net product mass merely because it is available if it does not drive the burden.	`ec-ef-method-2021`
`allocation_economic_last`	residual multifunctionality	Use economic allocation only when no defensible physical relationship exists; disclose prices, period, currency, volatility and sensitivity, and do not mix economic and physical allocation for the same burden.	`ec-ef-method-2021`
`allocation_internal_recycling`	yarn, size liquor, water, condensate and textile scrap returned within the system	Treat verified same-system reuse as an internal loop: record gross input, recovered amount, purge or loss and loop energy, but do not create a co-product credit for material returned to the same foreground system.	`ec-ef-method-2021`; `ifc-textile-ehs-2007`
`allocation_external_scrap`	sold or transferred yarn, gauze, polymer, paperboard or sludge outputs	Keep each external output mass and disposition separate. Apply the chosen multifunctionality hierarchy consistently; no avoided-burden credit may be asserted without a documented substituted product and compatible downstream boundary.	`ec-ef-method-2021`

Raw downloads

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pcr.en-US.md94 KB · a941acec3c62…
manifest.yaml8.5 KB · 6e8f7e0cd77b…
pcr.zh-CN.md87 KB · e5a7a8f86a0f…
structured.yaml112 KB · fae6c0c462cd…

Structured rule index

This index comes from verified structured.yaml and retains the canonical English rule text.

System boundary rules · 5

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`boundary_received_yarn_to_gate`	foreground system	Include every operated step from yarn receipt through saleable gauze inspection/rolling and packaging, plus on-site utility generation and wastewater treatment; exclude fibre/yarn production from foreground but require upstream datasets.	ifc-textile-ehs-2007, ec-ef-method-2021
`boundary_route_gate`	conditional manufacturing routes	Include sizing, wet preparation, bleaching, dyeing, heat setting, direct-fired drying, on-site steam generation and wastewater treatment only when the declared lot actually uses the operation; preserve separate route totals and never average mutually exclusive states or technologies.	jrc-textiles-bref-2023, ifc-textile-ehs-2007
`boundary_packaging_tare`	reference output and packaging	Include packaging production and packaging losses in inventory, but exclude all packaging tare from the 1 kg reference-product mass.	ec-ef-method-2021
`boundary_outsourced_steps`	outsourced processing	Include an outsourced operation through a specific upstream process dataset and transport where it lies between received yarn and the declared gate; disclose that it is outsourced and avoid duplicating site utility or emission records.	ec-ef-method-2021
`boundary_post_gate_exclusion`	downstream stages	Exclude distribution after the factory gate, conversion into medical or made-up articles, sterilisation, use and end of life from this foreground package.	unsd-cpc-3-0-2025, eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989

Allocation rules · 5

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`allocation_subdivide_first`	shared processes and utilities	Avoid allocation by subdividing independently metered yarn preparation, weaving, wet-processing, finishing, utility and treatment operations, or by expanding the system only when the substituted function is explicit and justified.	ec-ef-method-2021
`allocation_physical_relation`	unavoidable shared burdens	When subdivision cannot remove a shared burden, use a measured physical causal relationship such as machine time, metered energy, bath volume, steam enthalpy or treated wastewater volume. Do not use net product mass merely because it is available if it does not drive the burden.	ec-ef-method-2021
`allocation_economic_last`	residual multifunctionality	Use economic allocation only when no defensible physical relationship exists; disclose prices, period, currency, volatility and sensitivity, and do not mix economic and physical allocation for the same burden.	ec-ef-method-2021
`allocation_internal_recycling`	yarn, size liquor, water, condensate and textile scrap returned within the system	Treat verified same-system reuse as an internal loop: record gross input, recovered amount, purge or loss and loop energy, but do not create a co-product credit for material returned to the same foreground system.	ec-ef-method-2021, ifc-textile-ehs-2007
`allocation_external_scrap`	sold or transferred yarn, gauze, polymer, paperboard or sludge outputs	Keep each external output mass and disposition separate. Apply the chosen multifunctionality hierarchy consistently; no avoided-burden credit may be asserted without a documented substituted product and compatible downstream boundary.	ec-ef-method-2021

Validation rules · 10

Rule ID	Applies to	Rule	Source IDs
`validate_reference_identity`	reference product	Confirm gauze/leno warp construction, width greater than 30 cm, net conditioned mass and excluded medical/made-up identities; fail if a broader fabric or medical product UUID is used.	unsd-cpc-3-0-2025, eu-cn-gauze-narrow-fabric-1989
`validate_reference_uuid`	Tiangong identity	Before publication, require an exact Product flow UUID plus directly verified CPC 26860, English and Chinese baseName, Mass property UUID, unit-group UUID and reference unit from a state_code=100 read; unresolved status fails publication but not candidate authoring.
`validate_atomic_inventory`	every process inventory	Reject plural selectors or combined carriers. Require one physical or chemical exchange per card and a separate row for every actual dye, auxiliary, fuel, packaging material, waste and elementary emission.
`validate_route_gates`	conditional processes	Reject averaging of mutually exclusive greige, bleached, dyed, loom, drying and thermal-supply routes; each included process must have an affirmative production record and each excluded route an explicit not-applicable basis.	ifc-textile-ehs-2007, jrc-textiles-bref-2023
`validate_mass_balance`	textile chain	Reconcile conditioned yarn, retained size, intermediate transfers, saleable gauze, textile wastes and inventory change; investigate and disclose residuals.	ec-ef-method-2021
`validate_packaging_tare`	reference output	Confirm reference mass excludes core, film, carton, pallet and other packaging while each consumed packaging component remains in inventory.	ec-ef-method-2021
`validate_wet_finish_resource_qa`	boundary-compatible full woven-fabric-finishing route	Compare aggregate foreground totals, not individual steps, with IFC comparative ranges: electricity 0.5-1.5 kWh/kg, thermal energy 30-70 MJ/kg and water 50-100 L/kg woven fabric finished. These ranges come from limited installations and are QA flags only; explain deviations and never replace measured data.	ifc-textile-ehs-2007
`validate_effluent_qa`	final on-site freshwater discharge	Compare representative discharge with the more stringent applicable permit or IFC guideline values, including pH 6-9, BOD 30 mg/L, COD 160 mg/L, TSS 50 mg/L, AOX 1 mg/L, total phosphorus 2 mg/L and total nitrogen 10 mg/L; report exceedance and do not convert the threshold into an inventory default.	ifc-textile-ehs-2007
`validate_allocation`	shared burdens and external outputs	Require the documented hierarchy of subdivision/system expansion, physical causality and economic allocation; reject unexplained allocation and duplicate recycling credits.	ec-ef-method-2021
`validate_evidence`	final foreground package	Verify coverage, precision, completeness, representativeness, consistency, reproducibility, sources and uncertainty through document review and model validation; retain access to underlying records.	ec-ef-method-2021

Processes and inputs/outputs · 10

Process ID	Process name	Input flows	Output flows
`yarn_preparation`	Winding, warping and beaming	3	2
`warp_sizing`	Warp sizing and drying	6	2
`gauze_weaving`	Gauze/leno weaving	5	4
`desizing_scouring`	Desizing, scouring, washing and neutralisation	8	2
`peroxide_bleaching`	Hydrogen-peroxide bleaching, washing and neutralisation	7	2
`reactive_piece_dyeing`	Reactive piece dyeing, fixation and washing	6	2
`drying_heat_setting`	Mechanical dewatering, drying and conditional heat setting	4	3
`inspection_rolling_packaging`	Inspection, repair, trimming, rolling and packaging	5	4
`thermal_supply`	On-site natural-gas steam generation	3	4
`wastewater_treatment`	On-site textile wastewater treatment and discharge	4	8

Complete field inspector

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Gauze (other than narrow fabrics)

Content languages

Readiness

Classification mapping

Source

1. Scope and Applicability

2. Product Category Identity

3. Reference Flow

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

5. System Boundary

Boundary Abstraction

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

Process: Winding, warping and beaming (yarn_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Warp yarn received (warp_yarn)

Weft yarn received (weft_yarn)

Electricity for winding and warping (yarn_prep_electricity)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared warp beam (prepared_warp_beam)

Waste flows

Yarn preparation waste (yarn_prep_waste)

Elementary flows

Process: Warp sizing and drying (warp_sizing)

Inputs

Product flows

Prepared warp beam entering sizing (sizing_warp_beam_input)

Corn-starch sizing agent (corn_starch_size)

Polyvinyl-alcohol sizing agent (pva_size)

Sizing process water (sizing_water)

Electricity for sizing (sizing_electricity)

Steam for sizing and drying (sizing_steam)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Sized warp beam (sized_warp_beam)

Waste flows

Sizing wastewater (sizing_wastewater)

Elementary flows

Process: Gauze/leno weaving (gauze_weaving)

Inputs

Product flows

Warp beam for weaving (weaving_warp_beam)

Weft yarn for weaving (weaving_weft_yarn)

Electricity for gauze weaving (weaving_electricity)

Compressed air for air-jet weaving (weaving_compressed_air)

Water for water-jet weaving (water_jet_water)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Greige woven gauze (greige_gauze)

Waste flows

Weaving textile waste (weaving_textile_waste)

Water-jet loom wastewater (water_jet_wastewater)

Elementary flows

Particulate matter from weaving (weaving_pm10)

Process: Desizing, scouring, washing and neutralisation (desizing_scouring)

Inputs

Product flows

Greige gauze entering wet preparation (prep_greige_gauze)

Process water for desizing and scouring (prep_water)

Steam for desizing and scouring (prep_steam)

Electricity for desizing and scouring (prep_electricity)

Sodium hydroxide for scouring (prep_sodium_hydroxide)

Amylase enzyme preparation for starch desizing (prep_amylase_enzyme)

Fatty-alcohol-ethoxylate surfactant (prep_surfactant)

Acetic acid for neutralisation (prep_acetic_acid)

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Prepared gauze (prepared_gauze)

Waste flows

Desizing and scouring wastewater (prep_wastewater)

Process: Winding, warping and beaming (`yarn_preparation`)

Warp yarn received (`warp_yarn`)

Weft yarn received (`weft_yarn`)

Electricity for winding and warping (`yarn_prep_electricity`)

Prepared warp beam (`prepared_warp_beam`)

Yarn preparation waste (`yarn_prep_waste`)

Process: Warp sizing and drying (`warp_sizing`)

Prepared warp beam entering sizing (`sizing_warp_beam_input`)

Corn-starch sizing agent (`corn_starch_size`)

Polyvinyl-alcohol sizing agent (`pva_size`)

Sizing process water (`sizing_water`)

Electricity for sizing (`sizing_electricity`)

Steam for sizing and drying (`sizing_steam`)

Sized warp beam (`sized_warp_beam`)

Sizing wastewater (`sizing_wastewater`)

Process: Gauze/leno weaving (`gauze_weaving`)

Warp beam for weaving (`weaving_warp_beam`)

Weft yarn for weaving (`weaving_weft_yarn`)

Electricity for gauze weaving (`weaving_electricity`)

Compressed air for air-jet weaving (`weaving_compressed_air`)

Water for water-jet weaving (`water_jet_water`)

Greige woven gauze (`greige_gauze`)

Weaving textile waste (`weaving_textile_waste`)

Water-jet loom wastewater (`water_jet_wastewater`)

Particulate matter from weaving (`weaving_pm10`)

Process: Desizing, scouring, washing and neutralisation (`desizing_scouring`)

Greige gauze entering wet preparation (`prep_greige_gauze`)

Process water for desizing and scouring (`prep_water`)

Steam for desizing and scouring (`prep_steam`)

Electricity for desizing and scouring (`prep_electricity`)

Sodium hydroxide for scouring (`prep_sodium_hydroxide`)

Amylase enzyme preparation for starch desizing (`prep_amylase_enzyme`)

Fatty-alcohol-ethoxylate surfactant (`prep_surfactant`)

Acetic acid for neutralisation (`prep_acetic_acid`)

Prepared gauze (`prepared_gauze`)

Desizing and scouring wastewater (`prep_wastewater`)

Process: Hydrogen-peroxide bleaching, washing and neutralisation (`peroxide_bleaching`)

Prepared gauze entering bleaching (`bleach_prepared_gauze`)

Bleaching process water (`bleach_water`)

Steam for bleaching (`bleach_steam`)

Electricity for bleaching (`bleach_electricity`)

Hydrogen peroxide (`bleach_hydrogen_peroxide`)

Sodium hydroxide for peroxide bleaching (`bleach_sodium_hydroxide`)

Acetic acid after bleaching (`bleach_acetic_acid`)

Bleached gauze (`bleached_gauze`)

Peroxide-bleaching wastewater (`bleach_wastewater`)

Process: Reactive piece dyeing, fixation and washing (`reactive_piece_dyeing`)

Gauze entering reactive dyeing (`dye_gauze_input`)

Dyeing process water (`dye_water`)

Steam for reactive dyeing (`dye_steam`)

Electricity for reactive dyeing (`dye_electricity`)

Sodium chloride for reactive dyeing (`dye_sodium_chloride`)

Sodium carbonate for reactive dyeing (`dye_sodium_carbonate`)

Reactive-dyed gauze (`dyed_gauze`)

Reactive-dyeing wastewater (`dye_wastewater`)

Process: Mechanical dewatering, drying and conditional heat setting (`drying_heat_setting`)

Wet gauze entering drying (`drying_wet_gauze`)

Electricity for dewatering and drying (`drying_electricity`)

Steam for indirect textile drying (`drying_steam`)

Natural gas for direct-fired drying (`drying_natural_gas`)

Dry finished gauze (`dried_gauze`)

Fossil carbon dioxide from direct-fired drying (`drying_co2_fossil`)

Nitrogen oxides from direct-fired drying (`drying_nox`)

Process: Inspection, repair, trimming, rolling and packaging (`inspection_rolling_packaging`)

Gauze entering final finishing (`finish_gauze_input`)

Electricity for inspection and packaging (`finish_electricity`)

Paperboard roll core (`paperboard_core`)

Low-density polyethylene packaging film (`ldpe_film`)

Corrugated-board shipping box (`corrugated_board`)

Net saleable gauze reference output (`reference_gauze_output`)

Off-specification gauze waste (`offspec_gauze_waste`)

LDPE packaging scrap (`ldpe_packaging_scrap`)

Paperboard packaging scrap (`paperboard_packaging_scrap`)