Flours and meals of oil seeds or oleaginous fruits, except those of mustard

1. Scope and Applicability

This candidate rule covers the production of dry, milled flour or coarse meal from a declared non-mustard oilseed or oleaginous fruit at the factory gate. The documented representative is soybean flour, made either from whole dehulled beans or from edible defatted soybean flakes. The product must be deliberately prepared and sold as flour or meal. Oil-cake and extraction residues sold as such, mustard flour, isolated protein, formulated feed and unrelated vegetable flour are excluded. CPC 3.0 places oil-cake residues in 21910 and this flour/meal category in 21920 (unsd-cpc-3-2025). The Iowa State University manufacturing report distinguishes full-fat flour from dehulled beans and flour milled from defatted white flakes (isu-soy-processing-2018).

Each dataset declares botanical species, flour versus coarse meal, full-fat versus defatted state, heat treatment, milling specification and accepted moisture. The six concrete inventory rows below describe the soybean representative. Another species requires a reviewed species-specific row extension with its own atomic flow identities and measured records before this candidate method is used for that variant. No fixed yield or energy benchmark is inferred from the report's process description.

2. Product Category Identity

Field	Value
canonical_pcr_id	pcr.food-products-beverages-and-tobacco-textiles-apparel-and-leather-products.meat-fish-fruits-vegetables-oils-and-fats.flours-and-meals-of-oil-seeds-or-oleaginous-fruits-except-those-of-mustard
classification_refs	CPC 3.0 21920 (unsd-cpc-3-2025)
covered_products	Dry flour and coarse meal intentionally milled from non-mustard oilseeds or oleaginous fruits; soybean is the documented representative.
excluded_products	Mustard flour; oil-cake and solid oil-extraction residues marketed as residues; protein concentrate or isolate; blended feed; other vegetable flours.
representative_product	Soybean flour, full-fat or prepared from edible defatted flakes.
production_route	Whole-bean dehulling and milling, or receipt of prepared edible defatted flakes and milling; record conditioning and drying only where actually performed (isu-soy-processing-2018).
market_state	Dry, market-ready bulk flour or meal at the producer gate, before downstream use or transport.

3. Reference Flow

Field	Value
What	Dry market-ready flour or meal from a declared non-mustard oilseed; soybean flour is the representative foreground product.
How much	1 kg accepted finished product.
How well	Declare species, fat state, heat-treatment state, grind specification, moisture and food/feed grade for the actual lot.
How long or cycle	One production campaign up to factory-gate acceptance.
reference_flow_link	finished_soy_flour

Field	Value
Reference amount	1
Reference product flow	Soybean flour
Reference flow property	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66
Reference unit group	Units of mass 93a60a57-a4c8-11da-a746-0800200c9a66
Reference unit	kg
Required qualifiers	botanical species; flour or coarse meal; full-fat or defatted state; heat treatment; grind specification; accepted moisture; product grade; facility and campaign

The reference product UUID is unresolved because no directly reviewed candidate unambiguously identifies the required flour state and category. The mass property and unit group are public state-code-100 identities observed with the flow candidates; they do not resolve the product flow.

4. Measurement and Unit Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Required property	Required unit	Rule
reference_mass	finished_soy_flour	Mass 93a60a56-a3c8-11da-a746-0800200b9a66	kg	Weigh accepted, net finished flour or meal without transport packaging on a calibrated scale; use its campaign mass as the denominator for all reported exchanges.
energy_basis	purchased_electricity, purchased_steam_heat	Energy	MJ	Convert metered kWh to MJ using 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ; do not mix purchased steam heat with on-site fuel combustion or count the same heat twice.

5. System Boundary

Cradle-to-factory-gate reporting includes upstream supply of purchased soybean material, electricity and delivered steam heat and the on-site dehulling, conditioning, drying and milling that actually occur. The documented foreground starts at the incoming whole soybeans or prepared defatted flakes. If the latter are purchased, their upstream oil-extraction burdens belong to the supplier dataset and must not be silently assigned to the flour mill. Packaging, distribution, use and end-of-life are outside this bulk-product boundary. The process route and all excluded stages are disclosed.

Boundary Abstraction

Field	Value
declared_starting_condition	Incoming whole soybeans for the full-fat route, or edible defatted soybean flakes for the defatted route; record supplier, state and origin.
starting_condition_role	Purchased product input to the foreground flour-preparation process.
product_classification_scope	CPC 3.0 21920 finished flour/meal; separately purchased inputs retain their own product identities.
recursive_input_rule	If finished flour of this same category is remilled, record its purchased mass as a distinct input with a nonrecursive supplier dataset and disclose the remilling share.
upstream_dataset_requirement	Supply datasets must cover the declared incoming material state and purchased utilities without double counting on-site operations.
disclosure	Publish route, starting material, geographic supply context, facility operations, allocation and any excluded stages.

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
boundary_product_state	finished product	Include only intentionally prepared flour or coarse meal of a non-mustard oilseed; exclude oil-cake residues and mustard flour.	unsd-cpc-3-2025
boundary_route	incoming material and foreground process	Declare whether whole-bean preparation or prepared defatted-flake milling applies; include only operations actually performed at the site and link the purchased input to its upstream dataset.	isu-soy-processing-2018

6. Process Inventory Structure

Process Map

process_id	process_name	inclusion	inclusion_condition	role	quantitative_reference
soy_flour_preparation	Soybean flour or coarse-meal preparation	required	Every documented soybean representative dataset; route-specific exchanges apply as stated in their cards.	Foreground dehulling where performed, conditioning, drying and milling.	1 kg accepted finished soybean flour or meal.

Process: Soybean flour or coarse-meal preparation (soy_flour_preparation)

Inputs

Product flows

Whole soybean input (whole_soybeans_input)

Record whole soybeans only when the facility makes full-fat flour or meal from whole beans. The incoming mass is weighed before any on-site dehulling or conditioning.

• Selected flow: Soybean (whole, non-mustard oilseed; UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed incoming soybean mass divided by accepted finished flour mass for the same campaign; applicable only to the whole-bean route.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_seed_mass
• Sources: isu-soy-processing-2018

Defatted soybean flakes input (defatted_soy_flakes_input)

Record purchased edible defatted soybean flakes only for the defatted-flour route. The supplier product is not the finished flour and must carry its own upstream dataset.

• Selected flow: Defatted soybean flakes (edible intermediate; UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed incoming defatted-flake mass divided by accepted finished flour mass for the same campaign; applicable only to the defatted-flake route.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_flake_mass
• Sources: isu-soy-processing-2018

Purchased electricity (purchased_electricity)

Record metered electricity used for the documented conditioning, drying and milling process; exclude separately metered upstream oil extraction.

• Selected flow: Electricity b989a649-ca09-44b8-abab-a069148d0b1e
• Flow property / unit: Net calorific value / MJ
• Amount rule: Purchased electricity attributable to the campaign, converted from kWh to MJ and divided by accepted finished flour mass.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Site-specific (site_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_electricity
• Sources:

Purchased steam heat (purchased_steam_heat)

Record delivered steam heat only where a purchased steam supply is used for conditioning or drying. If heat is generated on-site, replace this exchange with individually identified fuel and emission rows in a reviewed extension.

• Selected flow: Steam heat (UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Energy / MJ
• Amount rule: Metered delivered steam heat divided by accepted finished flour mass; applicable only when purchased steam heat crosses the facility boundary.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Technology-specific (technology_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_steam_heat
• Sources:

Waste flows

Elementary flows

Outputs

Product flows

Accepted soybean flour or coarse meal (finished_soy_flour)

Record only accepted dry finished product at the factory gate. This row is the representative reference product; no database flow UUID is asserted.

• Selected flow: Soybean flour
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: 1 kg
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Product-specific (product_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_product_mass
• Sources: isu-soy-processing-2018

Waste flows

Separated soybean hulls (separated_soy_hulls)

Record hulls removed during on-site dehulling as a distinct outgoing solid stream. Declare whether they are sold as a co-product or managed as waste; do not relabel them as oil-cake.

• Selected flow: Soybean hulls (separated solid; UUID unresolved)
• Flow property / unit: Mass / kg
• Amount rule: Weighed outgoing soybean-hull mass divided by accepted finished flour mass; applicable only when dehulling occurs within this facility.
• Value mode: Foreground record (foreground_record)
• Specificity: Route-specific (route_specific)
• Normalization basis: per 1 kg reference flow
• Basis kind: Reference flow (reference_flow)
• Evidence kind: Collected record (collected_record)
• Collection protocol: cp_hull_mass
• Sources: isu-soy-processing-2018

Elementary flows

7. Allocation and Co-product Handling

Separate measured dehulling, heat conditioning and milling operations where records permit. If marketable hulls leave the process, report their dry mass and destination and disclose the selected allocation principle and the value or physical relationship used. Do not allocate purchased-defatted-flake upstream extraction burdens again in this foreground process. No fixed economic or mass allocation factor is specified without foreground co-product evidence.

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
allocation_subdivide	foreground operations	Prefer subdivision using independently metered or weighed operations before allocating shared burdens.
allocation_hulls	marketable soybean hulls	If hulls are a saleable co-product, disclose the allocation method and measured product quantities; if disposed, treat them as waste and include the actual treatment.

8. Foreground Data Collection, Calculation, and Quality Rules

Data Collection Protocols

protocol_id	process_id	flow_role	record_type	raw_fields	collection_method	unit	frequency	temporal_coverage	site_scope	aggregation_rule	quality_evidence
cp_seed_mass	soy_flour_preparation	whole_soybeans_input	receiving scale and lot record	lot ID; incoming net mass; moisture; species	Calibrated receiving scale, excluding vehicle and packaging tare.	kg	Each lot	Same production campaign as accepted output	Actual facility	per 1 kg reference flow	Scale calibration and lot reconciliation
cp_flake_mass	soy_flour_preparation	defatted_soy_flakes_input	receiving scale and supplier record	supplier; lot ID; incoming net mass; fat state	Calibrated receiving scale and supplier specification.	kg	Each lot	Same production campaign as accepted output	Actual facility	per 1 kg reference flow	Scale calibration and supplier specification
cp_electricity	soy_flour_preparation	purchased_electricity	meter reading or invoice	meter ID; start and end kWh; allocation share	Read calibrated meter or reconcile invoice to the documented process.	MJ	Each campaign	Same campaign as accepted output	Actual facility	per 1 kg reference flow	Meter calibration or invoice reconciliation
cp_steam_heat	soy_flour_preparation	purchased_steam_heat	delivered heat meter	meter ID; delivered heat MJ; allocation share	Read calibrated steam heat meter at the facility boundary.	MJ	Each campaign with purchased steam	Same campaign as accepted output	Actual facility	per 1 kg reference flow	Meter certificate and heat balance
cp_product_mass	soy_flour_preparation	finished_soy_flour	accepted product scale and quality record	lot ID; accepted net mass; moisture; grind specification	Weigh accepted unpackaged product on a calibrated scale.	kg	Each accepted lot	Same production campaign as inputs	Actual facility	per 1 kg reference flow	Scale calibration and acceptance record
cp_hull_mass	soy_flour_preparation	separated_soy_hulls	outgoing scale and destination record	hull mass; destination; sale or waste state	Weigh separated hulls before dispatch or treatment.	kg	Each hull removal	Same campaign as accepted output	Actual facility	per 1 kg reference flow	Scale calibration and dispatch record

Calculation Rules

rule_id	Applies to	Formula or rule	Inputs	Output	source_ids

Data Quality Requirements

requirement_id	Applies to	Requirement	Evidence
dq_campaign	all inventory rows	Use one reconciled campaign and a single accepted-output denominator; report missing meter or lot coverage.	Batch ledger, meter readings and scale records
dq_route	product and input rows	Match the declared whole-bean or defatted-flake route and retain supplier product-state evidence.	Supplier specification and process log
dq_mass	mass-bearing rows	Reconcile incoming, accepted product, hull and documented moisture or other losses; investigate unexplained imbalance.	Weighing records and mass-balance worksheet

9. Validation Rules

rule_id	applies_to	rule	source_ids
validate_identity	reference product	Reject a dataset that omits species, flour/meal and fat-state qualifiers or uses oil-cake or mustard material as the reference product.	unsd-cpc-3-2025
validate_denominator	all inventory rows	Confirm that every reported exchange is normalized to the same accepted finished-product kg and that the reference output is 1 kg.
validate_route	whole soybeans and defatted flakes	Require the declared route and associated purchased input state; do not count the same upstream oil extraction twice.	isu-soy-processing-2018
validate_evidence	unresolved flow and range identities	Flag unconfirmed Tiangong flow UUIDs and missing independent empirical ranges for review before publication.

10. Published Dataset Profile

Field	Value
dataset_role	Foreground product dataset for dry oilseed flour or meal production.
downstream_use	Process and lifecyclemodel projections of the foreground data package.
allowed_use	A qualified soybean flour route with measured campaign inputs, output and flow identities.
excluded_use	Proxy use for mustard flour, oil-cake residues, other species without a reviewed extension, or unmeasured utility demand.
required_metadata	Species, incoming material state, route, fat state, heat treatment, grind specification, moisture, product grade, geography, year and co-product treatment.
required_quality_disclosure	Meter and scale coverage, missing-flow identities, unmeasured losses, range-evidence gaps and allocation decision.
update_trigger	Change in incoming material, milling or heating technology, supplier state, product grade or validated flow identity.

11. Data Sources

Source id	Type	Reference	Used for
unsd-cpc-3-2025	official_guidance	UN Statistics Division, CPC Version 3.0 Structure, 30 June 2025, https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/Download/In%20Text/CPC_Ver_3.0_Structure_30Jun2025.csv	Product identity and adjacent oil-cake distinction.
isu-soy-processing-2018	literature	Stanford and Keener, Iowa State University, Cedar Rapids Food and Bioprocessors Manufacturing Report, 2018, pp. 38 and 40, https://www.cals.iastate.edu/files/inline-files/2018-ISU-Report.pdf	Full-fat and defatted soybean flour process routes and flour, meal and hull product distinctions; no empirical inventory range inferred.